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QUE . WRITE SHORT NOTES ON FIRE LIFT. ANS. Fire lifts are an independent lift.

They have independent power supplies that are the only main difference between them and lobby lifts, so when a fire breaks out the power is automatically turned off in the building by the fire fighters as water and electricity are a dangerous mix. As the lift has independent power supply and it is powered by an electrical motor, it remains in use. the fire fighters take control of the fire lift to transport themselves and their equipment to the location of the fire. fire lifts are operated the same as normal lifts depending on the lifts that are in the building, traction lifts-counterbalance and steel rope and control panel, hydraulic-piston Pascal principle-valve, fluid pump and tank, fluid=oil. A lift within the fire fighting shaft with dual power supply and is capable of being commandeered by the Fire Service. Operation of the fire-fighter switch (usually situated at the ground floor level) activates the lift controls for fire-fighter use. The lift will only be controlled by the controls within the car and the doors will only open by pressing the door open button within the car Express lifts, bypass a portion of the building via a blind shaft, are found in many high-rises. A blind-shaft is one that has no openings at all onto specific floors, but serves a specified portion of the building. Fire service controls may or may not be present within this lift. Procedures should reflect that in the event of a lift not having fire service controls, or there is any doubt as to the floors that the lift serves, then the use of that lift should be avoided. Fire, heat, and water can cause lifts to malfunction. This can, and has occurred regardless of fire service control. Fire fighters should expect that if a lift has been subjected to any of these conditions, a possibility exists of malfunction. Anytime water is observed in the lift shaft by personnel operating lifts, the IC must be notified. These situations will likely lead to the loss of the lift and the IC should be making preparations for a Stairwell Support group.

QUE. CRITERIA FOR AIR CONDITIONING DIFFER WITH CLIMATE AND BUILDING TYPOLOGY... The main objective of comfort air conditioning is to provide building occupants with a comfortable, safe and healthy indoor environment. The benchmark for comfort, safety, health and indoor air quality varies depending on the building use such as Commercial: Office buildings, supermarkets, shopping malls, restaurants etc. Institutional: Recreation centres, theatres, indoor stadia, schools, museums etc Residential: Hotels, private homes, low or high rise residential buildings

Health Care Facilities: Hospitals, nursing homes etc Though the design criteria for the above spaces show slight variations, the basic design principle remains as follows:

Consideration of air conditioning fundamentals Cooling load calculations Consideration of thermal distribution requirements Concepts of equipment selection Generally the air conditioning system functions to:

Provide the required cooling and heating energy

Control and maintain the indoor environment parameters such as temperature, humidity, differential pressure between conditioned space and its surroundings, air movement, air quality and sound levels within specified limits.

Distribute the conditioned air to the conditioned space.

As facility developers, owners and users present varying requirements for the design, installation and operation of HVAC systems coupled with variations in building occupancies, location and outdoor conditions, HVAC systems now come in different types and configurations. A sound knowledge of the classification and the ability to distinguish one system from another is key on the part of the designer, to selecting an appropriate air conditioning system for the client. This post takes a look into the types of air conditioning systems and the criteria for selecting a suitable air conditioning system. To get a good grasp of the discussion here, the reader should be familiar with some basic HVAC terminologies and principles. These include methods of HVAC design criteria, load calculations (sensible and latent heat loads, infiltration load, equipment and appliances load, ventilation requirements, etc), building solar orientation and heat transfer mechanisms through the building envelope, etc. Large rooms and buildings such as lecture rooms; theatres, conference rooms, exhibition halls, auditoria and halls for public gatherings need careful designing for ventilation or air conditioning. Two of the most important design criteria are: o The ventilation rate. o The distribution of air in the space. The selection of equipment for heating, cooling & ventilating is a complex design decision that must balance with: * Heating * Cooling needs * Energy efficiency

* Humidity control * Potential for natural ventilation * Adherence to codes and standards * Outdoor air quantity and quality * Indoor air quality and * Cost.

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