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Namast! Lesson 2 | Basic Hindi

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Lesson object

Basic pronouns 2 'to-be' verb

3 Basic sentences

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Revision
English Hello Who are you? Lisa eats apples I am Lisa I am British I am pretty Lisa eats oranges I am Indian Hindi Namast p kaun hai? Lis sb kht hai Mai Lis hoo Mai Bri iha hoo Mai sundar hoo Lis santar kht hai Mai Bhratya hoo

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Lesson objects

Basic pronouns 2 ''to-be' verb

3 Basic sentences

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Basic pronouns

Mai

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Basic pronouns

You

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Culturally speaking : Forms of you

In India, there are various forms of 'You' which are usually used to differentiate between formal and informal settings However, we would stick to the more common (and formal) form : p

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Pronouncing p

You (p) stresses on the first only The pronunciation follows the same pattern as in 'harp' Phonetically, we would write harp as hrp

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Basic pronouns

We

Hum

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Basic pronouns

He

Vaha

Vaha is pronounced as v +|unstressed a|+ h +|unstressed a To view this with Audio and practice games, visit www.CultureAlley.com/Hindi

Basic pronouns

She

Vaha

Vaha is pronounced as v +|unstressed a|+ h +|unstressed a To view this with Audio and practice games, visit www.CultureAlley.com/Hindi

Basic Pronouns

Vaha can be used for both 'he' and 'she' - it is neutral gender

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Basic pronouns

They

Y / v

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Basic Pronouns

We use Y for people in close proximity and V for people who are not in close proximity

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Basic pronouns

English I You We He She They

Hindi Mai p Hum Vaha Vaha Y / v

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Lets see if you remember

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Exercise : Pick the right option

'We' translates to ___

1
p

2
Hum

3
Vaha

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Solution

'We' translates to ___

1
p

2
Hum

3
Vaha

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Recall what the other options translate as!

English You He/she

Hindi p Vaha

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Lesson object

Basic pronouns 2 'to-be' verb

3 Basic sentences

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Grammar tip

Just like English, the 'to-be' verb (am, is, are) takes various forms in Hindi The form it takes depends on the subject (1st / 2nd / 3rd person) and whether the subject is singular/plural

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'to-be' verb

Am

Hoo

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Pronouncing hoo

The last in hoo is pronounced nasally and carries a slight 'n' sound to it like in 'angst'

is like a short 'n' sound

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'to-be' verb

Are

Hai

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Pronouncing hai

The last in hai is pronounced nasally and carries a slight 'n' sound to it like in 'angst'

is like a short 'n' sound

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'to-be' verb

Is

Hai

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'to-be' verb

English Am Are Is

Hindi Hoo Hai Hai

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'to-be' verb

English I am You are She is They are

Hindi Mai hoo p hai Vaha hai Y / v hai

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Try yourself
Problem 1 : I am Problem 2 : He is Problem 2 : They are

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Solution

English I am He is They are

Hindi Mai hoo Vaha hai Y / v hai

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Examples

English I am Mark She is Lisa He is John They are Americans

Hindi Mai Mrk hoo Vaha Lis hai Vaha John hai Y Amrikans hai

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Lesson objects

Basic pronouns 2 'to-be' verb

3 Basic sentences Basic sentences

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Basic sentences

I am an Indian

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Solution

I Mai

am hoo

an k

Indian Bhratya

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Grammar tip

'an Indian'= 'one Indian' Hence, it is translated as 'k' 'k' literally means 'one'...

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Grammar tip

An Indian= 'k Bhratya' k takes up the form of an adjective here describing the noun Bhratya (Indian)

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Grammar tip

k takes up the form of an adjective in 'k Bhratya' In Hindi adjectives always come before the word they describe

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Solution

I am an Indian

Mai k Bhratya hoo

Sentence structure Subject | adjective | object | 'to-be' verb To view this with Audio and practice games, visit www.CultureAlley.com/Hindi

So remember!

I am an Indian = Mai k Bhratya hoo Just like English, adjective come before the noun they describe

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Basic sentences

She is a girl

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Basic sentences

She Vaha

is hai

a k

girl lak

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Basic sentences

She is a girl

Vaha k lak hai

Sentence structure Subject | adjective | (object) | 'to-be' verb To view this with Audio and practice games, visit www.CultureAlley.com/Hindi

Basic sentences

You are a boy

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Basic sentences

You p

are hai

a k

boy lak

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Basic sentences

You are a boy

p k lak hai

Sentence structure Subject | adjective | (object) | 'to-be' verb To view this with Audio and practice games, visit www.CultureAlley.com/Hindi

Did you notice?

We are using la k (plural) and not la k (singular) as we are addressing the person as p This is used as we are showing respect

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Use of Plural Forms - Showing Respect

You will notice, that in Hindi, the sentences where you have to give respect to the person addressed, you use the plural forms of verbs and adjectives. Keep this in mind as we go forward. E.g You are a boy = p k la k hai (not p k la ka hai)

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Revision: 'to-be' verb

English I am You are She is They are

Hindi Mai hoo p hai Vaha hai Y / v hai

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Revision: Examples

English I am Mark She is Lisa He is John They are Americans

Hindi Mai Mrk hoo Vaha Lis hai Vaha John hai Y Amrikans hai

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Revision

English I You We He She They

Hindi Mai p Hum Vaha Vaha Y / v

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Revision

English I am He is They are

Hindi Mai hoo Vaha hai Y / v hai

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Revision

English I am an Indian She is a girl You are a boy

Hindi Mai k Bhratya hoo Vaha k lak hai p k lak hai

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Culture leaf

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Culture leaf : Holidays in India

India, being a culturally diverse and zealous society, celebrates various holidays There are three national holidays in India: Independence Day (India), Republic Day (India) and Gandhi Jayanti States and regions also have their own local festivals and holidays

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Culture leaf
The Kumbh Mela (or Grand Pitcher Festival) is a huge Hindu religious festival It takes place in India every 12 years In 2001, 60 million people attended the Kumbh Mela, breaking the record for the worlds biggest gathering

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Whats next?

In the next lesson we will learn basic expressions, such as greetings and goodbyes!

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Credits
Content CultureAlley

Culture leaf http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_holidays_in_India Images http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki User:Yosarian

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Dhan'yavd! See you at the Alley!

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