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The IESO is a non-profit organization that manages the reliability of Ontarios power system and operates the wholesale electricity market. Every five minutes, the IESO forecasts electricity demand throughout the province and collects the best offers from generators and dispatchable consumers to provide the required amount of electricity.
The electricity market allows customers to see the price fluctuate based on supply and demand. As a result, they can shift electricity use away from peaks to times when the price is lower. The IESO works with customers paying the market price by creating educational material on the electricity market to help them manage their bottom line electricity costs. For more information, visit www.ieso.ca/business
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Businesses that use over 250,000 kilowatt-hours of electricity per year (or at least $2,000 per month in electricity costs) pay the market price for electricity rather than the time-of-use prices that households, small businesses and designated consumers such as farms pay. As a business that pays market prices for electricity, your costs are based on: How much you use Your peak demand The time of day and week you use it if you have an interval meter
Cost-saving opportunities will become clear by finding answers to these questions: How much electricity are you using? Whats the pattern of your usage is it higher at certain times of the day or month?
An energy management plan can boost your bottom line over the short and long term. Setting goals for more efficient usage can significantly reduce your costs.
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5 CASH IN ON INCENTIVES
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Making changes to your operations or equipment can yield significant savings. Not all energy-saving ideas require capital investments: Know the factors that affect the electricity price Manage and reduce your total energy use and your peak demand
Learn how to work with your local utility, the Ontario Power Authority and your natural gas supplier to make the most of the available financial incentives for businesses that take steps to conserve electricity or change the way they use electricity.
Global Adjustment Wholesale Market Services Debt Retirement SSS Administration Customer Charge*
Standard Supply Service (SSS) Administration: This $0.25 charge per month covers a portion of administrative costs that your utility incurs. Customer Charge*: This fixed monthly charge covers your utilitys administrative costs such as meter reading, billing and customer service.
Note: your electricity bill may or may not reflect all the charges outlined here sometimes charges may be bundled. 2
Managing Your Electricity Costs
Although each utility in Ontario uses a slightly different bill format and terminology for its customers, two basic principles are common to all. Your electricity costs are based on:
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TOTAL CONSUMPTION
How much electricity you consume, measured in kilowatt hours (kWh).
B.
PEAK DEMAND
How quickly you draw it from the system, measured in either kilowatts (kW) or kilovolt-amperes (kVA).
Transmission*: These regulated charges are required to cover the capital and operating costs of Ontarios high-voltage electricity grid. These costs are submitted by transmitters (e.g. Hydro One) to the OEB for regulatory approval. They include two components: T ransmission Connection: Your utility is connected to the transmission system and the electricity has to be transformed to lower voltages before your business can use it. This charge covers the cost of doing this. T ransmission Network: This covers the cost of operating and maintaining the towers, wires and other equipment used to deliver electricity from where its generated to your local utility. Transformer Credit: Customers who own and maintain their own transformers that connect them to the power grid receive this credit. The rate is based on peak demand, and is typically set at $0.60/kW.
Power Factor
Power Factor: Power factor does not typically appear as a line item on your bill unless your facility has low power factor which can result in higher distribution and transmission charges. Distribution and transmission charges are often billed on either the metered kW or 90% of the metered kVA, whichever is greater. A number of industries have found that correcting power factor can provide one of the fastest paybacks when making investments to reduce electricity costs. Your local utility can tell you if youre paying a penalty for power factor.
Distribution*: This rate, regulated by the OEB, covers the cost of delivering electricity from the transmission system to your business. The charges go to your local utility to build and maintain the distribution lines, towers and poles.
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BASE PERIOD
Peak-setting period May 1, 2011 to April 30, 2012 May 1, 2012 to April 30, 2013 May 1, (Year X) to April 30, (Year X+1)
ADJUSTMENT PERIOD
Billing period July 1, 2012 to June 30, 2013 July 1, 2013 to June 30, 2014 July 1, (Year X+1) to June 30, (Year X+2)
Controlling our energy costs is important: when we see a high hourly electricity price, we send a notification to all of our facilities to curtail consumption.
Alex Savu, Energy Manager, CFB Borden
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If your electricity use is fairly consistent 24 hours a day, or if you use more electricity during off-peak hours, its likely you can reduce your costs by installing an interval meter. Your local utility or an energy consultant can help you determine whether it may be advantageous to purchase one.
By looking at your demand profile, you will see what times of day you use electricity, how much you use and when your peak demand occurs each month. Understanding when your business sets a demand peak can help determine which equipment or processes could be shifted in order to lower demand charges this could comprise up to 30 per cent of your total bill. You can also determine whether there are ways to avoid using electricity at the most expensive times of the day. Your local utility or an energy consultant can provide you with data and information to create, view and use your demand profile.
Energy management starts with understanding how and when you currently use electricity. Then you can find ways to reduce it.
Dipal Patel, Energy Manager, CBRE Limited
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Understanding your businesss technical systems and how your employees operates them are two of the keys to identifying opportunities to use electricity wisely and reduce your electricity costs. Outlining this information in an official plan helps your employees understand what changes need to be made and why. It also helps you track your progress, cost savings and payback on investments in energy efficiency over time.
The following eight steps provide a simple, systematic approach to understanding how your business uses electricity, what influences costs, how you can use less and how to chart your success.
maintain existing equipment, or investing in more energy-efficient technology. While some operational changes can have relatively low or no implementation costs, investments in equipment upgrades or retrofits may have a shorter payback period than you would think and can lead to permanent long-term savings.
By analyzing the energy use of all our buildings, we can identify opportunities to decrease our energy consumption, which in turn decreases our overall carbon footprint.
John Lucic, National Director of Energy Management, Revera Inc.
A Guide for Business
Understanding how electricity prices vary can help you manage electricity costs. Simply put, if you have an interval meter, using less electricity at times when the price is high can cut costs considerably.
Prices tend to be lower overnight and on weekends when power demand is typically lower. Conversely, the price of electricity can peak in the late afternoon or early evening as people arrive home from work. Supply is determined by how much generators can produce. Certain power sources are more expensive to run than others. These higher-cost generators only run when demand is high relative to available supply.
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The Region continues to track our energy usage and compare it to market prices. Since 2006, the Region has saved $21 million from our total energy budget.
Steve Hall, Director of Corporate Energy, Region of Peel
In winter months, electricity patterns change. More lighting is required because of shorter days, so electricity use is noticeably higher after the sun sets. Hourly electricity demand is tracked and forecasted throughout the day at www.ieso.ca/demand. For business customers paying the hourly price of electricity, it is important to recognize potential impacts on price when demand is high. When electricity demand exceeds the forecast, it can also push prices upward as more generation is required to meet higher levels of demand.
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MAKE OPERATIONAL CHANGES AND SAVE THREE WAYS: USE ELECTRICITY WHEN PRICES ARE LOWER, REDUCE YOUR PEAK DEMAND, AND USE LESS ELECTRICITY OVERALL.
Conserve and eliminate waste
You might be surprised to discover that making changes to use less electricity or using electricity wisely wont cost you much or anything at all, and can lead to considerable savings. Regular equipment maintenance or turning off equipment not in use wont cost much but can shave up to five per cent off your electricity bill. For example, a grocery store in Burlington took a closer look at how it used electricity. When they examined the stores demand they noticed that overnight electricity use dipped much lower on weekends. They realized that employees were turning off fewer lights during the week than on weekends. Changing the closing procedures on weekdays was easy and free, and the electricity savings added up.
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YOUR PEAK DEMAND DETERMINES YOUR DELIVERY CHARGES FOR THE MONTH
Seeing when your peak demand occurs will give you an opportunity to see what equipment or processes you can reduce.
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worked. The plan was achieved through a combination of consumption reduction and pricing strategies. It saved the gallery over half a million dollars in electricity costs during the first year of implementation. Part of their plan investigates the potential of LED and other efficient lighting technologies. Its a process that didnt start overnight. Since 2003, Mike Peroff, Manager of Plant Operations, has created a lighting inventory which tracks the wattage and type of the thousands of lights within the Gallery and the hours that they are on. The rate of
return is king, Peroff notes. We need to show that a lighting project will guarantee results before we start. Last year, their lighting retrofits saved over 38,000 kWh of electricity which helped the AGO qualify for an incentive payment through the gallerys local distribution company, Toronto Hydro. The plan includes upgrading technology and revising operational processes in tandem. Peroff notes that to get capital funding for energy management
initiatives, we need to build credibility through results. Bridgens adds, Its also credibility in terms of our most important stakeholder: the gallery patrons. Energy management is not only about reducing our consumption, but about ensuring that our patrons have a great experience at the AGO. Read the full case study at: http://ieso.ca/imoweb/businessIndustry/bi_profile-ago.asp
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Consider self-generation
Generating your own electricity might be an option for your business. Wind turbines, solar panels, biomass/biogas systems or natural gas generators can be used to offset some or all of your electricity costs. If your on-site generation can be regulated at different times of the day, you could use it to replace what you would normally consume from the power system during your businesss demand peaks or when the price of electricity is high. It can be more economic to generate your own power during these times. An added benefit is that you can have back-up power in the event of power outages.
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CASH IN ON INCENTIVES
Taking advantage of incentive programs can go directly to your bottom line.
Before you investigate potential retrofits to electrical equipment in your facility, check to see if there are any incentive programs that can help to reduce the cost of the project. Most incentive programs require applications to be submitted before the project is started. Also be sure to investigate demand response programs. They can help your bottom line, and also improve the reliability of Ontarios power system by helping to reduce the strain on the system during times of high demand.
Energy Conservation
The Ontario Power Authority (OPA) offers several province-wide energy efficiency programs that provide funding to retrofit current electrical equipment and to perform energy audits. There are also incentives for new construction projects that Demand Response exceed energy efficiency standards in the Ontario Building Code. For The OPA offers demand response more specific program information programs that pay business, industrial for your business or home, visit and institutional consumers to reduce www.saveONenergy.ca Keith Wernham, maintenance person prices at Jonesare energy when electricity Packaging changes a fluorescent light bulbvolumes in high or when there are high Your local utility is the delivery agent the manufacturing facility. The fluorescent based of demand on the electricity system. for these province-wide programs, lighting installed replaces the original halide lighting, and may also offer specific programs decreasing Jones consumption of electricity by approximately 600,000 kWh per year. to address local issues. Your utility can also offer insight into other programs and tell you what programs are available in your area. Contact your LDC for more information: www.ieso.ca/findutility
Natural gas providers offer a number of conservation and demand management programs designed to increase overall energy efficiency. Contact your natural gas provider for more information on these programs, and how they can work for you.
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Independent Electricity System Operator 655 Bay Street, Suite 410 P.O. Box 1 Toronto, Ontario M5G 2K4 www.ieso.ca/business