FLUID MECHANICS

COURSE CODE: PHY1000 COURSE OBJECTIVES: The objective of the course is to Know the importance, application and inter-relationship of various properties of fluid. Know behaviour and performance of fluid when the fluid is at rest. Know the behaviour and performance of fluid when the fluid is in motion. Know the behaviour and performance of fluid when the fluid is flowing through the pipe. Understand the utilization of dimensional analysis as a tool in solving problems in the field of fluid mechanics. LEARNING OUTCOMES: TheStudent will be able to learn: Define the following terms in relation to fluid mechanics: viscosity, density, specific gravity, and surface tension. Measure the properties listed above for any given fluid. Calculate hydrostatic pressure at any depth in a fluid or fluid combination. Explain Pascals Paradox. Apply the principles of manometry to calculate pressure. Determine the magnitude, direction and location of the resultant hydrostatic force acting on any submerged surface. COURSE CONTENTS: UNIT-I FLUID PROPERTIES: Importance and application of fluid mechanics, Mass density, Weight density, Specific volume, Specific gravity, Viscosity, Newtons Law of viscosity, Surface tension, Pressure inside a water droplet, soap bubble and liquid jet, Capillarity, Compressibility and Bulk modulus, Vapour pressure. UNIT-II HYDROSTATIC: Total pressure and Centre of pressure, Pressure on plane and curved surfaces, horizontal, vertical and inclined surfaces, Buoyancy, Centre of Buoyancy, Types of Equilibrium, Metacentre and Metacentric height. UNIT-III FLUID KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS: Description of fluid motion, Types of fluid flow, Velocity and Acceleration, Types of flow lines, Control Volume, Continuity Equation in Cartesian co-ordinates, Velocity potential and Stream function, Flow nets, Methods, Uses, Navier-Strokes Equation, Eulers equation, Bernoullis equation, Vortex motion, Forced vortex flow, Free vortex flow, Momentum, Energy and Moment of momentum. CREDITS: 04

UNIT-IV FLOW THROUGH PIPES: Boundary Layer Theory, Types: Reynolds experiment, Laminar and Turbulent flow, Major energy losses, Darcy-Weisbach equation, Moodys diagram, Minor Energy losses, Hydraulic Gradient Line and Total Energy Line, Pipe in series, Equivalent pipe, Flow between reservoirs, Pipes in parallel, Pipe network. UNIT-V DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS: Units and Dimensions, Dimensional Homogeneity, Rayleighs Method, Buckinghams method, Model analysis, Similitude, Dimensionless numbers and their significance, Model laws Type of models, undistorted and distorted models. PEDAGOGY: Tutorials, interactive sessions, group discussions, seminars, - the course is covered by adopting a combination of lecture methods by a soft skills professional, class presentation by groups of students etc. EXAMINATION SCHEME: Components Weightage (%) CP/Att/Pr 5 Q (Quiz) 10 HA (Home Assign.) 5 CT (Class Test) 20 EE (End Term Exam) 60

TEXT AND REFERENCES: TEXT BOOKS: 1. P.N. Modi and S.M. Seth, Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics, Standard Book House, 2005. 2. Rajput R.K., Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines, S.Chand and Company Ltd., 2005. REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. K. Subramanya, Theory and Applications of Fluid Mechanics, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company, 2002. 2. R. K. Bansal, Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines, Laxmi Publications, 2005.