nino beriSvili

formaluri debatebis
swavlebis damxmare saxelmZRvanelo

nino beriSvili

formaluri debatebis swavlebis damxmare saxelmZRvanelo

Tbilisi 2013

proeqti `debatebi ganaTlebisa da integraciisaTvis dafinansebulia fondi `Ria sazogadoeba-saqarTvelos mier da xorcieldeboda 2012 wels samoqalaqo ganviTarebis institutis mier. publikaciaSi gamoTqmuli mosazrebebi SeiZleba ar gamoxatavdes fondi `Ria sazogadoeba-saqarTvelos mosazrebebs. Progect Debate for Education and Intergration was made possible by the Open Society Georgia Foundatin. Project is implementing by the Civic Development Institute. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of Open Society Georgia Foundatin.

avtori: nino beriSvili konsultanti: qeTevan kobalaZe redaqtori: ia anTaZe dizainer-damkabadonebeli: ekaterine wiqariSvili

daibeWda Sps ,,mwignobarSi Tbilisi, 2013

samoqalaqo ganviTarebis instituti, 2013 ISBN 978-9941-0-5308-5

sarCevi

Sesavali................................................................................................................................... 5 pirveli Sexvedra.............................................................................................................. 12 meore Sexvedra................................................................................................................... 14 mesame Sexvedra................................................................................................................... 20 nawili I karl poperis debatebis ZiriTadi elementebi................................................. 25 mtkicebiTi poziciis formireba.............................................................................. 29 I gakveTili rezolucia _ kamaTi Rirebulebebze............................................ 29 II gakveTili, definiciebi, argumentebi da kriteriumi ............................... 31 III gakveTili, debati or mxareze................................................................................ 35 IV gakveTili, kriteriumi _ mtkicebis mizani.................................................... 38 V gakveTili, damamtkicebeli masalebi formalur debatebSi................. 40 VI gakveTili, qeisi .......................................................................................................... 43 VII gakveTili uaryofa da aRdgena............................................................................ 48 uaryofili poziciis formireba VIII gakveTili, uaryofa ................................................................................................. 53 IX gakveTili, uaryofa (argumentis sisusteebi).............................................. 58 X gakveTili, uaryofa (damamtkicebeli masalis uaryofis meTodebi)......................................................................................................... 64 XI gakveTili, jvaredini dakiTxva .......................................................................... 69 XII gakveTili, argumentaciis aRdgena .................................................................. 74 XIII gakveTili, momxseneblebis gamosvlebi......................................................... 79 msajoba................................................................................................................................... 84 msajis biuleteni.............................................................................................................. 87

nawili II karl poperis debatebi politikuri elementebiT......................................... 92 mtkicebiTi poziciis formireba.............................................................................. 93 I gakveTili, rezolucia da misi Camoyalibeba.................................................. 93 II gakveTili, problema da misi arCeva.................................................................... 97 III gakveTili, mtkicebiTi pozicia, ........................................................................102 IV gakveTili,mtkicebiTi pozicia, problemis gansazRvra........................105 V gakveTili, mtkicebiTi pozicia, gamosavali da misi etapebi..............108 VI gakveTili, mtkicebiTi pozicia, upiratesobebi da maTi formireba..........................................................................................................113 VII gakveTili, mtkicebiTi pozicia, meore saxis gamosavali ...................117 VIII gakveTili, uarmyofeli pozicia.....................................................................119 uarmyofeli poziciis formireba IX gakveTili, problemis uaryofa..........................................................................123 X gakveTili, qeisis ZiriTadi nawilis aRdgena...............................................126 XI gakveTili, uaryofa da aRdgena..........................................................................131 XII gakveTili, uaryofa da aRdgena, debati upiratesobebze....................137 XIII gakveTili, debati upiratesobebze, rogor davupirispirdeT meore tipis gamosavals...............................................................................................140 XIV gakveTili, uaryofa da aRdgena, jvaredini dakiTxva, da momxsenebelTa pasuxismgeblobebi................................................................145 saparlamento debatebi...............................................................................................149

Sesavali
saganmanaTleblo debatebi saqarTveloSi 1998 wlis gazafxulidan fondi `Ria sazogadoeba _ saqarTvelos~ karl poperis debatebis programis saSualebiT xorcieldeboda da inergeboda. programis ZiriTadi saqmianoba mimarTuli iyo saqarTvelos masStabiT sxvadasxva skolaSi debat-klubebis Camoyalibebis, sadebato Sejibrebebisa da RonisZiebebis Catarebis, zogadad, TamaSis popularizaciis kuTxiT. programis Sedegad Cvens qveyanaSi Camoyalibda daaxloebiT samocamde klubi TbilisSi, baTumSi, TelavSi, quTaisSi, samtrediaSi, saCxereSi, WiaTuraSi, ozurgeTSi, rusTavSi, xaSursa da borjomSi. karl poperis debatebis programis egidiT Catarda uamravi turniri, banaki Tu sxva saganmanaTleblo Tu Sejibrebis xasiaTis RonisZieba debatebSi, sadac monawileobis miReba yvela im moswavles SeeZlo, vinc ama Tu im sadebato klubis wevri iyo. aRniSnul RonisZiebebSi asobiT moswavle da maswavlebeli erTveboda mTeli saqarTvelodan. debatebis programis saqmianoba mimarTuli iyo, aseve, `saparlamento debatebis~ ganviTarebis kuTxiT. studenturi saparlamento debatebi treiningebisa da erovnuli turnirebis saxiT saqarTvelos wamyvan universitetebSi xorcieldeboda. karl poperis debatebis programis saSualebiT qarTul enaze iTargmna debatebis swavlebisaTvis saWiro masalebi, romlebic saerTaSoriso debatebis asociacia IDEA -s mier iyo mowodebuli fondi `Ria sazogadoeba _ saqarTvelos~ dafinansebiT debatebis programis farglebSi qarTveli specialistebis avtorobiT 2000 wels gamoica saxelmZRvanelo `debatebis xelovneba~. 2004 wlidan saganmanaTleblo debatebis popularizacias farTod da warmatebiT eweoda fondi `Ria sazogadoeba _ saqarTvelos~ Svilobili arasamTavrobo organizacia `saganmanaTleblo debatebis asociacia~. am organizaciis mier gamoica ori saxelmZRvanelo skolis maswavleblebisaTvis: 2006 wels _ `konstruqciuli debatebi~ da 2009 wels `axalgazrdoba irCevs~. orive saxelmZRvanelom mniSvnelovani wvlili Seitana debatebis swavlebis mimarTulebiT. ukanasknel wlebSi saqarTveloSi formaluri debatebis popularizacias eweva sxvadasxva arasamTavrobo organizacia da saganmanaTleblo dawesebuleba, rac Tanamedrove moTxovnebTan Sesabamisad debatebis kulturis ganviTarebis axal pirobebs qmnis. samoqalaqo ganviTarebis instituti fond `Ria sazogadoeba _ 5

saqarTvelos~ finansuri mxardaWeriT 2012 wlis agvistodan axorcieldeba proeqts _ `debatebi ganaTlebisa da integraciisaTvis~, romlis farglebSi momzadda da gamoica debatebis swavlebis damxmare saxelmZRvanelo. samoqalaqo ganviTarebis instituti mxars uWers saganmanaTleblo, formaluri debatebis ganviTarebas, saxelmZRvanelo ki qmediT daxmarebas gauwevs debatebiT dainteresebul yvela pirsa da organizacias.

formaluri debatebis swavlebis miznebi

winamdebare saxelmZRvanelo moicavs `formaluri debatebis swavlebis mTlian programas. saxelmZRvanelo gankuTvnilia im adamianebisaTvis, romlebic mozardebTan muSaoben da aviTareben maTSi urTierTobis, TanamSromlobisa da TviTdamkvidrebis unarebs. saxelmZRvanelos saxelwodeba _ `formaluri debatebi ganaTlebisa da integraciisaTvis _ mianiSnebs, rom debatebis swavlebis meTodis gamoyeneba erTdroulad xels uwyobs mozardebSi saganmanaTleblo unarebis daxvewas da tolerantobis ideaze dafuZnebuli civiluri urTierTobis Camoyalibebas. debatebis xelovneba am SemTxvevaSi ganixileba, rogorc pozitiuri konfliqti, romlis drosac xdeba mozardis inteleqtualuri da pirovnuli zrda, mzadeba momavali zrdasruli cxovrebisaTvis. formaluri debatebis dros azrTa Widili warmoqmnis konstruqciul Zalas, romelic gamodis gareT da ubiZgebs axalgazrda pirovnebas, zedapirze gamoitanos konkretuli movlenebisa Tu faseulobebis mimarT gonebaSi Rrmad Senaxuli azrebi da damokidebulebebi. im asakSi, rodesac adamianis pirovneba yalibdeba, Zalze mniSvnelovania Rirebulebebisa da problematuri sakiTxebis mimarT sakuTari, Tavisufali (Tundac, mcdari) Sexedulebebis qona da pozitiur garemoSi maTi dafiqsireba. formaluri debatebi aris TamaSi, romelic swored aseTi pirobebis Seqmnas uzrunvelyofs. debati ubiZgebs axalgazrdas gamoTqvas Tavisi pozicia mTeli simZafriT da damajereblobiT. debatis ZiriTadi principebi _ logikuri msjeloba da argumentacia _ moiTxovs misgan sadebato Temis kvlevas, gaanalizebas da swori daskvnebis gamotanas. debatis procesSi, destruqciuli konfliqtisagan gansxvavebiT, warmoiqmneba SemoqmedebiTi sawyisi, romelic aiZulebs tvins iazrovnos ufro aqtiurad, ufro moxerxebulad, ipovos gamosavali da daasabuTos misi siswore. debatebis monawileebi, garda zogadi un-

arebisa, romlebsac mzadebisa da uSualod TamaSis procesSi iZenen, SeimuSaveben sakuTar, individualur damxmare meTodebs. debatebis teqnika ki aRWurvavs maT mravalgzis aprobirebuli meqanizmebisa da xerxebis mTeli arsenaliT. `formaluri debatebis Seswavlis winamdebare kursi miznad isaxavs, mozardebTan momuSave adamianebs daexmaros, ganaviTaron mozardebSi pirovnebisadmi pativiscema; aswavlon, rom oponentis mier gamoTqmuli mosazreba aris mxolod misi Sexeduleba ama Tu im movlenasTan mimarTebaSi. rogorc erTi monetis ori mxare gansxvavdeba erTmaneTisagan, aseve Sexedulebebic erTsa da imave `saganze SeiZleba gansxvavdebodes erTimeorisagan. debatebis xelovnebis dauflebis procesSi axalgazrdebi swavloben, rom gansxvavebuli azri ar unda gaxdes pirovnebisadmi negatiuri damokidebulebis mizezi. `formaluri debatebis struqtura agebulia meqanizmze, romelic uzrunvelyofs mosmenisaTvis pozitiuri garemos Seqmnas. momxseneblebi (modebateebi) sruliad Tanabar pirobebSi arian. Tanasworuflebianobis SegrZneba mTeli TamaSis ganmavlobaSi ar tovebs maT. momxsenebli gamosvlis dro xelSeuxebelia, mas sityvas aravin awyvetinebs. oponentebi ki mTeli yuradrebiT usmenen, raTa Semdgom gamosvlebSi gaaZlieron sakuTari pozicia, Rirseuli oponireba gauwion. `sxvisi azri xdeba Rirebuli, pativsacemi. dapirispirebul mxareebs Soris TandaTanobiT Zlierdeba urTierTndoba, viTardeba gulwrfeloba da Semwynarebloba. msajis samarTliani komentari ki aRvivebs SegrZnebas, rom zrdasrulma adamianma moismina da gaaanaliza misi mosazrebebi. mozards uCndeba pozitiuri gancda, rom mas mousmines, mis pirovnebas pativi sces, misi azri misaRebi da Rirebulia. Sejibris faqtori, gulwrfeli sixarulisa Tu TamaSis wagebiT gamowveuli guliswyvetisa, yvela SemTxvevaSi kmayofilebis da samarTlianobis SegrZnebebs iwvevs. debati momavali megobrobisa da TanamSromlobis myari safuZveli xdeba. urTierToba da TanamSromloba warmoadgens saxelmZRvanelos ZiriTad koncefcias. samarTlianobis principebze dafuZnebuli `formaluri debatebi cxovrebaSic swori Rirebulebebis Camoyalibebas uwyobs xels. mozard asakSi usamarTlobis SegrZneba momavalSi avtokratiulobisa da Zaladobis safuZveli xdeba. debatis procesSi urTierTpativiscemis suliskveTeba xels uwyobs demokratiuli Rirebulebebis aRzrdas. pirovneba, romelic miznad daisaxavs, aswavlos `formaluri debatebi, jgufis wevrebTan mecadineobis drosac am principebiT unda xelmZRvanelobdes. skolis debatklubis maswavlebeli iqneba es, leqtori, romelime

organizaciasTan arsebuli klubis xelmZRvaneli Tu socialuri muSaki, kargad unda grZnobdes, rom SemoTavazebuli debatebis swavlebis koncefcia xelmZRvanels da jgufs erT SemoqmedebiT gundad moiazrebs. modebateTa jgufis (klubis) lideri unda iyos debatebis teqnikis mcodne, saganmanaTleblo unarebis mqone adamiani da SeeZlos Seqmnas TanamSromlobaze dafuZnebuli, pozitiuri garemo. yvela Sexvedra unda iyos Teoriulad winaswar momzadebuli, dagegmili, droSi gaTvlili da mizanmimarTuli. ukukavSiris meqanizmebis daxmarebiT jgufi TandaTanobiT mixvdeba, rom mas SeuZlia situaciis marTva, mimdinare samuSao procesis gankargva. es jgufs miscems garkveul mimarTulebas da stils, xolo regularuli konsultaciebi xelmZRvanelis mxridan daexmareba monawileebs, kargad gaiazron Sesrulebuli samuSao da igrZnon Tavisufleba, rodesac Rirebul mosazrebebs miagneben. winamdebare kursis filosofia gamyarebulia rwmeniT, rom TiToeul individs aqvs mniSvnelovani Sinagani potenciali. adamiani dabadebulia Semoqmedebis, kvlevis, eqsperimentebis Catarebis, TamaSis da TamaSiT swavlis surviliT; paeqrobis, Sejibris moTxovnilebiT. Cveni aRzrda da ganaTleba an aviTarebs da amyarebs am survilebs, an axSobs maT. CaxSobis SemTxvevaSi, mozardis energia gamovlindeba apaTiaSi, cinizmsa da sxva alternatiul midrekilebebSi. jgufis marTvis demokratiuli stili keTilganwyobis niadags Seqmnis, xolo debatebis swavlebis specifika xels Seuwyobs mozardebSi Cabudebuli SemoqmedebiTi Zalebis provocirebas da civiluri kamaTis safuZvlebis Seswavlas.

vis saxels atarebs saganmanaTleblo formaluri debatebi da ra tipis debatebs swavloben mozardebi?
warmodgenili kursi saSualebas iZleva, mozardebma safuZvlianad Seiswavlon formaluri debatebis ori formati. jgufis xelmZRvaneli TviTon irCevs, Tu romeli formatiT aswavlos Tavis jgufs. formatis arCevani damokidebuli iqneba imaze, Tu ra mimarTulebiT surT monawileebs debatebis xelovnebis Seswavla. SesaZlebelia debatebis maswavlebelma gadawyvitos, rom orive formatis Tanmimdevrulad Seswavla met Sedegs gamoiRebs da jgufTan Sexvedrebi dagegmos orive formatis aTvisebis mimarTulebiT. pirveli, `RirebulebiTi formati, gulisxmobs kamaTs Rirebulebebze. am formatSi sakamaTo sakiTxs aqvs debulebis saxe, romelsac SesaZlebelia ori mxridan SevxedoT.. debulebas `cxovelTa gamoy-

eneba samedicino cdebisaTvis arahumanuria! aqvs ori mxare; rac gulisxmobs, rom Cven SegviZlia vimsjeloT imaze, rom namdvilad arahumanuria cocxali arsebebis wvaleba, Tundac, adamianis janmrTelobis sakeTildReod. magram Cven aseve SegviZlia SevekamaToT am azrs da SevimuSavoT argumentebi, romlebic adamianis sicocxles ufro Rirebulad CaTvlis da sxvadasxva seniT daavadebuli adamianebis mosarCenad mecnieruli cdebisaTvis cxovelebis gamoyenebas dasaSvebad miiCnevs. msgavs rezoluciaze debati aramarto Rirebulebebze kamaTis teqnikas aswavlis mozardebs, aramed specifikuri samecniero sakiTxebisadmi interesis gaCenas da kvlevis unaris Camoyalibebas uwyobs xels. meore formati, `politikuri debatebi, gulisxmobs sakamaTo rezolucias, sadac ar xdeba imis dasabuTeba, Tu ra aris Rirebuli da ra _ ara. am formatSi ganxilvis sagani imTaviTve dadebiT Rirebulebas moiazrebs. magaliTad, amgvari sakamaTo Tema: `msofliom unda aicilos ekologiuri katastrofa. aq ar aris sakamaTo rom msofliom, globalurma sazogadoebam, yvela qveyanam, cal-calke namdvilad unda moagvaros ekologiuri sakiTxebi. aq Cndeba kiTxva _ rogor? ra gziT, ra xerxiT, ra gegmiT, ra proeqtiT da ra saxsrebiT. aseve, am formatSi umniSvnelovanesia is, Tu rogor aris gaazrebuli problema. saidan warmoiSva is? ratom ar iWreba dRemde? arsebobs Tu ara problemis gadaWris sxva proeqtebi da Tu arsebobs, ra winaaRmdegobebs xvdeba? `politikuri debatebis saxelwodeba gamomdinareobs TamaSis strategiulad dagegmvis saWiroebidan. `RirebulebiTi debatebis formatis wesebi da struqtura mowinaaRmdege gundebisaTvis mxolod erTi dadgenili strategiiT TamaSs gulisxmobs, `politikuri debatebis wesebi ki ufro Tavisufalia. dapirispirebuli gundebi uSualod TamaSis procesSi, Seqmnili viTarebidan gamomdinare qmnian TamaSis strategias da taqtikas, rac erTobliobaSi gundis TamaSis politikas gansazRvravs. gamocdilebidn gamomdinare, SesaZlebelia am ori formatis damoukideblad Seswavla. Tumca, bevri eqsperti amjobinebs, jer `RirebulebiTi formati aswavlos Tavis moswavleebs, Semdgom ki `politikuri. arsebobs mosazreba, rom `RirebulebiTi debati ufro mosargebia 12-dan 14 wlamde asakobrivi kategoriis jgufisaTvis, xolo 14-dan 18 wlamde mozardebTan ufro sainteresoa muSaoba `politikur formatze. yvela gza dasaSvebia da damokidebulia debatebis klubis xelmZRvanelis individualur mosazrebebze. es ori formati warmoadgens `formaluri debatebis saerTaSoriso standarts, romlis mixedviTac mimdinareobs debatebis turnire-

bi mTel msoflioSi. swavlebis meTodologia ki mravalwliani Teoriuli kvlevis, dakvirvebis da mozardebTan praqtikuli muSaobis Sedegad Camoyalibda. Cvens wignSi warmodgenili savarjiSoebi da Teoriuli masala sruliad axali da originaluria da formaluri debatebis yvela elementis Tanabrad SeswavlisaTvis aris gamiznuli. `formalur debatebSi poziciis dasabuTebis mTavari iaraRi argumentia, xolo misi dacvis yvelaze Zlieri meTodi _ sakuTari argumentisaTvis kontrargumentis moZebna. am dros, naTlad Cans argumentis susti mxareebi, logikur msjelobaSi daSvebuli Secdomebi da faqtebis Seusabamobebi. Tqven winaSe warmodgenili `formaluri debatebis orive formati meoce saukunis pirvel naxevarSi moRvawe, kritikuli racionalizmis brwyinvale warmomadgenlis, avstrieli filosofosis karl poperis (1902-1994) saxels atarebs. misi kvlevebi mecnieruli Teoriis WeSmaritebis xarisxis dadgenis mimarTulebiT moiazrebs ara Teoriis WeSmaritebis dadgens, aramed misi mcdarobis aRmoCenas. `formaluri debatebis filosofia epasuxeba karl poperis mier Seqmnili sociologiuri mecnierebis monapovras, `Ria sazogadoebis filosofias. karl poperis saxelobis debatebis garda, saqarTveloSi ganviTarebulia saparlamento da sajaro debatebi. saxelmZRvanelos mizania, mkiTxveli am or formatsac gaecnos. wignis bolo ori Tavi swored maT eZRvneba. marTalia am nawils ar eqneba sagakveTilo saxe, magram mowodebuli masalebi da stili daexmareba swavlebaSi da am swavlebis safuZvelze Catardeba, rogorc `britanuli parlamentis formatis debatebi, aseve `sajaro formatis debatebic. dasasrulisaTvis unda aRvniSnoT, rom kursi iTvaliswinebs gunduri muSaobis principebs, sadac auditoriis idealuri raodenoba aris 15. Tumca praqtikaSi aprobirebulia 12 - 20 wevriani jgufebi.

saxelmZRvanelos struqtura
arsebuli kursis Teoria gamoyvanilia praqtikidan. TiToeul mecadineobas eqneba Tavisi mizani. yoveli gakveTili Tanmimdevrulad eZRvneba formaluri debatebis Seswavlis garkveul etaps, safexurs. yvela safexuri erTobliobaSi ki aRWurvavs moswavleebs im konkretuli unarebiT, rac aucilebelia warmatebuli modebatisaTvis.

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debatebis Seswavlis sawyis etapze mniSvnelovania auditoriam gaigos: ratom swavlobs debatebis TamaSs; ra unarebis Camoyalibebas Seuwyobs xels debatebis swavla; rogoria TamaSis struqtura; ra sami ZiriTadi principi axasiaTebs debatebs; ratom qvia formalur debatebs `saganmanaTleblo; ra aris debatebis ZiriTadi iaraRi. am sakiTxebs daeTmoba pirveli sami Sexvedra. mosamzadebeli Sexvedrebis Semdeg, rodesac jgufi ukve Camoyalibebuli iqneba, Tqven SeZlebT daiwyoT uSualod debatebis teqnikis Seswavla. auditorias ukve eqneba mzaoba nabij-nabij aiTvisos Tqven mier SemoTavazebuli yvela xerxi da meTodi. saxelmZRvaneloSi debatebis orive formatis Seswavlas daeTmoba 26 gakveTili. yvela gakveTili warimarTeba droSi gaTvlili mkafio gegmiT. gakveTilis struqtura iTvaliswinebs: 1. Teoriul nawils maswavleblisaTvis; 2. interaqtiuli savarjiSos msvlelobis meTodur miTiTebas; 3. moswavleTaTvis sagangebod SerCeul sakvlev masalebs; 4. savarjiSos ganxilvisaTvis saWiro Teoriul miTiTebas. ZiriTadi Temebis garda, saxelmZRvaneloSi ganxilulia msajobis kriteriumebi, msajis eTika, TamaSis Sefasebis teqnika da rekomendaciebi, romlebic damwyeb msajebs TamaSis ganxilvis, Sefasebis da komentarebis gakeTebis dros gamoadgebaT. saxelmZRvanelos pirveli sami Tavi warmoadgens formaluri debatebis swavlebis Sesavals. pirvel sam Sexvedraze mwvrTneli auditorias auxsnis, Tu ratom unda iswavlos debatebi; ra aris formaluri debatebis ZiriTadi principebi da Semadgeneli elementebi. Catardeba ramdenime savarjiSo.

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pirveli Sexvedra
xangrZlivoba _ 60 wuTi

ratom unda iswavlon mozardebma debatebis TamaSi?

kamaTi adamianebis cxovrebis ganuyofeli nawilia. sityva `debatic~ xom sakiTxis garCevasa da mosazrebebis gacvlas niSnavs. samsaxurSi, ojaxSi, megobrebis wreSi Cven mudmivad gamovTqvamT sakuTar mosazrebebs Cven irgvliv myof adamianebTan. azris gamoTqmas mosdevs kiTxvebi, dazustebebi, informaciis gacvla, faqtebis moSvelieba da logikuri dasabuTeba. Cveni mosazrebebi irgvliv myofTaTvis SeiZleba iyos savsebiT misaRebi, gaRvivdes interesi maT mimarT. magram SeiZleba Cven irgvliv myofT hqondeT gansxvavebuli azric da maT oponireba gagviwion. araformalur debatebSi winaswar verasdros ganvWvretT, rogor moxdeba poziciebis ganawileba, an ramdenad myari iqneba es poziciebi. araformalur debatebSi xSirad xdeba, rom `mowinaaRmdegebi Tavidan verc ki xvdebian, rom erTsa da imave ideas emxrobian. araformaluri msjeloba SeiZleba sainteresod ganviTardes da saintereso daskvnebamdec mivides. amave dros, es gacxarebuli dapirispireba SesaZlebelia moulodnelad Cacxres. daikargos interesi sakiTxis mimarT, moxdes Temidan gadaxveva da spontanurad wamoiWras sruliad sxva, aranakleb saintereso Temebi. araformaluri debatebisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia ZalTa araTanabari gadanawileba, rodesac erT `mxares aRmoCndeba ori, sami an meti `moTamaSe , meore `mxares ki _ mxolod erTi. araformaluri kamaTisas, xSirad modebateebs uerTdebian axali monawileebi, romlebmac arc ki ician detalurad, Tu ra sakiTxis ganxilva mimdinareobs da kamaTma Seicvalos mimarTuleba, dinamika. SesaZlebelia, aseTi kamaTi gagrZeldes droSi, Tuki Semomatebuli `monawile aRmoCndeba sakiTxis eqsperti da debati leqciur saxes miiRebs. araformaluri kamaTis dros adamianebi ukeT icnoben erTmaneTs, atareben dros, akeTeben garkveul daskvnebs sakuTari TavisTvis, interesdebian TemiT. interesi momavalSi sakiTxis ufro Rrmad Seswavlas Cauyaris safuZvels, magram sadebato unarebis SesaZenad da dasaxvewad igi namdvilad naklebad gamosadegia. `formaluri debatebi ki _ xelSesaxebi instrumentia, romelic teqnikurad da ostaturad ayalibebs axalgazrda adamianis inteleqtualur da pirovnul unarebs. am sakiTxebze saubari mizanSewonilia kursis dasawyisSi, pirvelive Sexvedraze, rodesac samuSao jgufi Camoyalibebis procesSia

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da monawileebma naTlad unda SeigrZnon debatebis xelovnebis dauflebis upiratesobebi. kursis wamyvans SeuZlia ganixilos jgufTan araformaluri kamaTi, Semdgom ki mouyves jgufis wevrebs formaluri debatebis principebi. mokled auxsnas TamaSis wesebi da SejibrisaTvis mzadebis etapebi. mas SeuZlia, Caataros pirveli savarjiSo _ `gonebrivi ieriSi, romlis drosac dafaze dawers kiTxvas: `ras viswavliT, ra unarebs SeviZenT formaluri debatebis Seswavlis dros? 5 wuTis ganmavlobaSi jgufis monawileebi TiTo sityviT asaxeleben im unarebs, rac, maTi azriT, debatebis Seswavlis procesSi muSavdeba. sakvirvelia, es umartivesi savarjiSo rogor efeqturad gansazRvravs formaluri debatebis swavlebis yvela mizans da upiratesobebs. jgufis monawileebi TviTonve amboben xelmZRvanelis saTqmels, TviTonve midian swor daskvnebamde. dafaze qaoturad Cndeba calkeuli sityvebi _ `kritikuli azrovnebis unari , `argumentebis Camoyalibebis unari, `kvlevis unar-Cvevebi, `logikuri msjelobis unarebis daxvewa, `swrafi azrovnebis unari, `SemoqmedebiTobis ganviTareba, `ganaTlebis miRebis survili, `gadawyvetilebis swrafad miRebis unari, `oratoruli unarebi, `Tavdajerebuloba, `sazogadoebis winaSe wardgomis unari, `sakuTari azrebis gamoTqmis siTamame, `oponirebis unari, `drois menejmenti, `mosmenis unari, `kiTxvis dasmis teqnika, `gunduri muSaoba, `organizebuloba, `lideroba . . . CamonaTvali sxvadasxva jgufSi, asakis, profesiis miuxedavad, TiTqmis identuria. savarjiSo axalisebs monawileebs. 5 wuTis Semdeg, yvelam ukve TiTqmis zustad icis jgufSi misi mecadineobis mizani. wamyvani madlobas gadauxdis monawileebs da daadasturebs, rom formaluri debatebis Seswavla da Semdgom uSualod debatebis procesi namdvilad yvela zemoT aRniSnuli unaris Camoyalibebas uwyobs xels. wamyvans SeuZlia winaswar didi zomis furcelze Camoweros is ZiriTadi unar-Cvevebi, romelebsac aviTarebs debatebi. savarjiSos Sesrulebis Semdeg ki es CamonaTvali aCvenos auditorias.

debatebi aviTarebs:
logikur da kritikul azrovnebas; ideebis organizebuli saxiT Camoyalibebas; zepiri metyvelebis unars; empaTias da Semwynareblobas sxvadasxva Sexedulebis mimarT; sakuTari Tavis rwmenas; gunduri muSaobis unars; problemis arsze koncentrirebis unars; sajaro gamosvlis stilis SemuSavebis unar-Cvevas;

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daskvnis saxiT, debatebis treneri ityvis, rom yvela es unari, romelic man warmoadgina auditoriis winaSe da TviT auditoriis mier dafiqsirebuli unarebi erTobliobaSi efeqturi urTierTobisTvis aris aucilebeli. jgufTan pirvel Sexvedraze dadebiTi efeqti aqvs saubars Temaze: ra profesiis adamianebs sWirdebaT debatebis xelovnebaSi gawafuloba?. aqac efeqturia 3 wuTiani gonebrivi ieriSis Catareba. dafaze gaCndeba CamonaTvali _ `advokati, `prokurori, `politikosi, ,parlamentari, `mecnieri, `fsiqologi, `skolis maswavlebeli, `leqtori, `Jurnalisti, `teleSous wamyvani, `biznesmeni, `eqimi, `maRaziis konsultanti . . . es siac didi iqneba, rogorc pirveli savarjiSos Sesrulebisas miRebuli CamonaTvali. wamyvanma unda misces saSualeba jgufis wevrebs, gaakeTon mokle komentari orive savarjiSosTan mimarTebaSi. sabolood, wamyvani ajamebs Sexvedras da aRniSnavs, rom orive savarjiSos Sedegad da monawileebis komentarebze dayrdnobiT, mivdivarT daskvnamde, rom debatebis xelovneba Tanamedrove cxovrebis moTxovnaa da profesiuli warmatebis miRwevaSi mas mniSvnelovani roli akisria. momavali modebateebis jgufTan pirveli SexvedrisaTvis es ori savarjiSo sruliad sakmarisi iqneba. maT zustad ecodinebaT, ras Seiswavlian momaval Sexvedrebze, ra mizani eqneba maT mecadineobebs, Tqven ki gecodinebaT maTi molodinebi.

meore Sexvedra xangrZlivoba _ 60 wuTi debatebis sami ZiriTadi principi

meore Sexvedraze aranakleb mniSvnelovania, axlad Camoyalibebuli jgufis wevrebma gaigon, rom debatebis TamaSi, garda saganmanaTleblo mniSvnelobisa, Rirseuli moqalaqis aRzrdasac emsaxureba. debatebis trenerma unda auxsnas momaval modebateebs, rom kargi debati aris ara mogebaze orientirebuli, aramed samarTliani da koreqtuli TamaSi. debatebis swavleba da, Sesabamisad, Sedegebis miRweva SesaZlebelia mxolod debatebis sami ZiriTadi principis dacviT. 1. urTierTpativiscema _ debatebis mimdinarebisas Cven vaxdenT Tavdasxmas mxolod oponentebis argumentebze da ara TviT oponentebze. debatebi ar exeba monawileTa pirovnebebs, exeba maT ideebs. ideebis SejaxebaSi mTavari iaraRi aris dasabuTebuli argumentebi. amitom kamaTis dros nu daviviwyebT urTierT-

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pativiscemas. Cveni oponentebi mxolod erTi saaTiT arian Cveni mowinaaRmdegeebi. debatebis trenerma unda auxsnas Tavis msmenelebs, rom `formaluri debatebis erT-erTi mizani adamianTa Soris keTilganwyobili da megobruli urTierTobis waxalisebaa. avuxsnaT mozardebs, rom debatis dros Zalian sasiamovnoa, rodesac mowinaaRmdegeebi erTmaneTisadmi pativiscemas gamoxataven, debatebi ar warimarTeba pirovnebebis garSemo. aq mTavaria is, Tu rogor upirispirdebian erTmaneTs ideebi. amitom Cven arasdros unda davamciroT, uxeSad ar unda moveqceT oponentebs. Seteva im pirovnebaze, romelic sapirispiro ideebs wamoayenebs, ulamazo da usargebloa, es mxolod yuradRebis gafantvas gamoiwvevs. msajebi aseT gamosvlebs uaryofiTad afaseben. moTamaSem ki mTeli yuradReba msajis darwmunebaze unda gadaitanos da ara mowinaaRmdegis gadarwmunebaze. 2. patiosneba _ Tu miviRebT pirvel princips, meoris miReba ar gagviWirdeba. Tu davarwmunebT Cvens moswavleebs, rom debatebSi ganaTlebis miReba da unarebis daxvewa ufro mniSvnelovania, vidre mogeba, maT ar eqnebaT motivi, moityuon argumentebis Seqmnis procesSi. debatebis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani monapovaria oponentebis urTierTndoba. namdvili modebate yovelTvis patiosania, vinaidan misTvis codnis SeZena da unarCvevebis gamomuSaveba gamarjvebaze mniSvnelovania. patiosneba debatebis RerZia. rodesac debatis dros ama Tu im saWirboroto Temaze vsaubrobT, Cven xom, upirveles yovlisa, simarTlis povna gvsurs?! modebateebi patiosnebi unda iyvnen damamtkicebeli masalebis gamoyenebaSi, magaliTebis, statistikuri monacemebis wardgenasa Tu jvaredini dakiTxvis dros. modebatem umjobesia umTavres kiTxvaze upasuxos `ar vici, amis gamo TamaSi waagos, Semdgom ki Temis kvlevas ufro meti yuradReba dauTmos, vidre upatiosnod gamovides misTvis arasasurveli mdgomareobidan.

1. debatebi swavlisTvis
mesame principi `saganmanaTleblo debatebis safuZvels warmoadgens. gavaxsenoT Cvens momaval modebateebs, rom sityvis Zalas Cvens sazogadoebaSi xandaxan arasaTanado mniSvneloba eniWeba. Cveni unari, kargad CamovayaliboT azri, aRiqmeba, rogorc TavisTavadi. iTvleba, rom Tu adamians aqvs sityvebis mdidari maragi da gramatikis codna, mas avtomaturad SeuZlia Tqvas kargi gamosasvleli sityva.

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skolis programebi, rogorc wesi, ar iTvaliswinebs zepiri metyvelebis Segnebul swavlebas. amitom mozardebisaTvis sajaro gamosvlebi, gansakuTrebiT ki _ sajaro diskusiebi, stress utoldeba. zogi maTgani ar icavs sakuTar azrs da gaCumebas amjobinebs, zogi ki, piriqiT, oponentis mosazrebebis mimarT upativcemulobas gamoxatavs. debatebis saganmanaTleblo teqnologiis gamoyeneba saswavlo procesSi xels uwyobs swavlis mdgrad motivacias, vinaidan saswavlo masalebi iZens gansakuTreebul Sinaarss. Sejibris faqtori ki am masalebis SemoqmedebiTi kvlevis da siRrmiseuli Seswavlis mastimulirebelia. `debatebi saswavlo-aRmzrdelobiTi amocanebis mTeli kompleqsis efeqturad gadawyvetis saSualebas iZleva. debatebis sam ZiriTad principze saubari daaxlovebiT 10 wuTs unda gagrZeldes, Tumca, am sakiTxebze yuradRebis gamaxvileba debatebis mwvrTnels SesaZlebelia xSirad dasWirdes, sanam modebateebi ar gaiTaviseben maT. meore Sexvedra xalisiani da saintereso rom gamovides, gavaaqtiuroT auditoria, SevTavazoT savarjiSo, romelic debatebis elementebsac Seicavs da, amave dros, patiosnebisa da urTierTpativiscemis principebze iqneba orientirebuli. debatebis mwvrTnelma sasurvelia, moamzados mokle teqsti, patara istoria, romelsac waukiTxavs auditorias. kiTxvis paralelurad aucilebelia dafaze istoriis sqematuri Canaxatis Sesruleba. istoriaSi unda iyos 5-6 personaJi, romlebic dakavSirebulni arian erTmaneTTan dadebuli xelSekrulebiT, ficiT. istoriis siuJetSi unda ganviTardes konfliqti, romlis drosac irRveva pirobebi, ikveTeba personaJebis interesebi, Cndeba dilema, iwyeba molaparakebebi. personaJebs ki aucileblad uwevT ori arasasurveli SesaZleblobidan erT-erTis arCeva. istoriis bolos monawileebs unda gauCndeT survili, Seafason personaJebis qmedebebi, daicvan an amxilon istoriis gmirebi. dafaze Caxatuli istoria, mokle warwerebisa da konturuli gamosaxulebebis daxmarebiT, siuJetis da personaJebis mkafiod aRqmas Seuwyobs xels. magaliTisaTvis, SemogTavazebT erT-erT aseT istorias da savarjiSos msvlelobas. savarjiSos xangrZlivoba: 40 wuTi savarjiSos miznebi: gunduri muSaobis principebis danergva, argumentis Camoyalibeba, kontrargumentebis SemuSaveba, poziciis dacva.

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savarjiSos mimdinareoba 5 etapad iyofa pirveli etapi _ wamyvani kiTxulobs mokle istorias da dafaze sqematurad xatavs mas (5 wuTi).

erTi ledis istoria

kunZulze, didebul cixe-koSkSi cxovrobda erTi ledi. misi meuRle xSirad tovebda kunZuls da wasvlisas yovel jerze ubarebda Tavis cols: `cixe-koSkSi damelode, arsad waxvide! icode, Tu gavigeb, rom kunZuli datove, mkacrad dagsji! ase gadioda wlebi. erT dRes, rodesac qmari saxlSi ar iyo, ledis mobezrda cixekoSkSi yofna, daiqirava navi da qalaqSi wavida Tavis megobrebTan gasarTobad. saRamos ki ukan dasabruneblad isev menaves miakiTxa. menavem ledis orjer meti gasamrjelo mosTxova. ledis ar hqonda es Tanxa. igi megobrebTan wavida fulis saTxovnelad, megobrebma uari uTxres `Cven SenTan mxolod verTobodiT, fulis gadaxdas ki Seni problemebis mosagvareblad ar vapirebT. ledi isev menavesTan wavida da xvewna dauwyo: `qmari mkacrad damsjis, Tu axlave ar davbrundebi saxlSi. `maSin Sen TviTon gacure. kunZuli axlosaa, ar gagiWirdeba, _ upasuxa menavem. ledim icoda, rom wyalSi saSineli urCxuli cxovrobda, magram sasowarkveTili iyo da wyalSi gadaeSva. urCxulma male ipova ledi da gadaylapa. meore etapze wamyvani Camowers dafaze am fantastikuri istoriis personaJebs: 1. ledi; 2. ledis qmari; 3. menave; 4. megobrebi; 5 urCxuli. aseve, dawers dafaze kiTxvas _ vin aris damnaSave ledis sikvdilSi? auditoria iyofa 5 jgufad. yovel jgufs daevaleba, erToblivad SeimuSavon ramdenime argumenti Tavisi personaJis dasacavad. personaJebi jgufebs kenWisyris principiT Sexvdeba (mosafiqrebeli dro 5 wuTi). mesame etapze, 7 wuTis ganmavlobaSi, sityviT gamova im gundis warmomadgeneli, romelic icavs ledis pozicias. danarCen oTx gunds evaleba, zedmiwevniT Caiweron gamomsvlelis argumentebi. (Canaweris gakeTeba Zalian mniSvnelovania). meoTxe etapze gundebs, romlebic icaven qmris, menavis, megobrebis da urCxulis pozicias, miecemaT mosafiqreblad 3 wuTi, raTa maT SeZlon ganixilon Canaweris mixedviT ledis argumentebi da sakuTari poziciis gasamyareblad SimuSavon damatebiTi kontrargumentebi. mexuTe etapze, ledis mowinaaRmdege gundebidan TiToeuli warmomadgeneli 5 wuTiani moxsenebiT waradgens Tavisi poziciis damcvel ramdenime arguments da gaabaTilebs kontrargumentiT ledis pozicias.

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meeqvse etapze, debatebis mwvrTneli gaakeTebs mokle komentarebs TiToeul gamosvlasTan dakavSirebiT da Seajamebs TamaSs. mwvrTneli savarjiSos msvlelobis ganmavlobaSi dafaze akeTebs Canawerebs, romlebsac TvalsaCinod gamoiyenebs komentarebis dros (sqema 1). am TamaSis msvlelobisas mniSvnelovania ramdenime sakiTxi. umTavresia, rom monawileebi iyvnen organizebulebi. mwvrTnelma mkacrad unda gaakontrolos mosafiqrebeli drois da sityviT gamosvlis reglamenti. es aris momavali modebateebisaTvis pirveli savarjiSo. am savarjiSos Sesrulebisas gamomuSavebuli stili safuZvels uyris momdevno mecadineobebis stils. modebateebma unda gaiTavison, rom gakveTili mkacri gegmiT da drois racionaluri gamoyenebiT unda mimdinareobdes. ar SeiZleba Temidan gadaxveva, savarjiSos msvlelobaSi sakuTari wesebis SemoReba da a.S. am pirveli savarjiSos Sesrulebisas, mniSvnelovania im simZafris SegrZnebis gaCena, romelic Tan sdevs karg debats. mwvrTnelma sul unda Seaxsenos modebateebs debatebis ZiriTadi principebi _ patiosneba da urTierTpativiscema. savarjiSo dinamikurad da, amave dros, mkafiod unda Sesruldes. mwvrTnelma ar unda gauSvas marTvis `sadaveebi. modebateebma Tavi unda igrZnon Tavisuflad da emorCilebodnen mwvrTnelis miTiTebebs. mwvrTnelma am savarjiSos komentarebSi unda aRniSnos, mkafiod iyo Tu ara gamoyofili argumentebi erTmaneTisagan. sxvadasxva argumentSi xom ar meordeboda azri. logikurad iyo argumentebi dasabuTebuli, pasuxobda Tu ara kontrargumenti arguments, darCaT Tu ara gaubaTilebeli mowinaaRmdegeebs erTmaneTis argumentebi, Seesabameboda Tu ara moyvanili magaliTebi argumentebs. am sakiTxebis gansaxilvelad debatebis mwvrTnels 10 wuTis gamoyofa dasWirdeba. komentirebisas aucilebelia aRiniSnos moTamaSeebis dadebiTi mxareebi. mwvrTnelis waxaliseba da Seqeba stimuls miscems modebateebs da momavali Sexvedrebi ufro sasiamovno atmosferiSi Caivlis. debatebis mwvrTneli mudam pozitiur Sefasebaze unda iyos orientirebuli. Tu axalbeda modebates uWirs azris Camoyalibeba, brkoldeba sityviT gamosvlis dros, mwvrTnelma unda auxsnas, rom es aris pirveli nabijebi, ramodenime Sexvedris Semdeg TandaTanobiT saWiro unarebi aucileblad gamomuSavdeba. swori da Tanmimdevruli muSaoba gamoiRebs Sedegs da mozardebi gaiwafebian debatebis teqnikaSi (debatebis mwvrTnels SeuZlia mouyves mozardebs ramdenime realuri istoria Tavisi yofili moswavleebis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor daZlies maT es problemebi da rogor gaxdnen warmatebuli modebateebi).

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sqema 1. 2. gundi mtkicebiTi pozicia ratom ar Tvlis ledi Tavs damnaSaved Tavisive sikvdilSi? vis da ratom adanaSaulebs ledi? 1..argumenti 2.argumenti qmars 3.argumenti 1.argumenti ledi adanaSaulebs menaves 2.argumenti 3.argumenti 1.argumenti ledi adanaSaulebs megobrebs 2.argumenti 3.argumenti 1.argumenti ledi adanaSaulebs urCxuls 2.argumenti 3.argumenti qmari

uarmyofeli pozicia 3. gundi menave 4. gundi megobrebi 5. gundi urCxuli

ledi

5 wuTi

5 wuTi

5 wuTi

5 wuTi

7 wuTi

ledi adanaSaulebs

qmari Tavis dasacavad waradgens argumentebs da upirispirdeba ledis pozicias. menave Tavis dasacavad waradgens argumentebs da upirispirdeba ledis pozicias. megobrebi Tavis dasacavad waradgenen argumentebs da upirispirdebian ledis pozicias. urCxuli Tavis dasacavad waradgens argumentebs da upirispirdeba ledis pozicias.

mocemul sqemaze mkafiod Cans savarjiSos struqtura, gamosvlebis Tanmimdevroba da xangrZlivoba. msgavsi sqemebi gvexmareba, naTlad davinaxoT mowinaaRmdegeTa argumentebis Zlieri da susti mxareebi da gavakeToT TvalsaCino da swori komentari.

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mesame Sexvedra xangrZlivoba 90 wuTi debatebis TamaSis wesebi da struqtura

mesame Sexvedra Zalian mniSvnelovania mTeli momdevno saswavlo procesisaTvis. sami Sexvedris ganmavlobaSi ZiriTadad yalibdeba is samuSao jgufi, romelic stabilurad miiRebs monawileobas momdevno SexvedrebSi, Tu debatebis swavlebas mozardTa mxridan nebayoflobiTi xasiaTi aqvs da isini TviTon wyveten, gaxdnen Tu ara debatebis klubis wevrebi. mesame Sexvedraze detalurad unda gavacnoT maT `formaluri debatebis TamaSis wesebi da struqtura. TamaSis wesebis aTviseba mozardTa mxridan ufro mZafrsa da sainteresos gaxdis maT damokidebulebas debatebis mimarT. isini mkafiod SeigrZnoben Sejibris elementebs da TamaSis dinamikas. debatebis mwvrTnelma winaswar unda moamzados calkeul furclebze TamaSis ganrigi da daurigos jgufis yvela monawiles. mwvrTneli xatavs ganrigs dafaze. wesebis axsna unda moxdes mokled. yvela kiTxvas monawileebis mxridan unda gaeces mkafio pasuxi. formaluri debatebis TamaSis ganrigi erTnairia, rogorc `RirebulebiTi debatebis, aseve `politikuri debatebis formatisaTvis. TamaSSi monawileobs ori gundi _ mtkicebiTi da uarmyofeli. mtkicebiTi gundi amtkicebs sakamaTo Temas, uarmyofeli ki upirispirdeba mtkicebiTi gundis pozicias, eWvi Seaqvs mis sisworeSi, abaTilebs argumentebs da mohyavs sakuTari mosazrebebi. TiToeul gundSi sam-sami monawilea. isini rigrigobiT gamodian moxsenebebiT. gamosvlebis Tanmimdevroba da drois reglamenti mkacrad aris gansazRvruli. gundebs TamaSis msvlelobisas saSualeba aqvT, dausvan erTmaneTs kiTxvebi. orive gunds moxsenebebs Soris SeuZlia aiRos mosafiqrebeli dro. TamaSs gansjis debatebis msaji, romelic mkafiod Camoyalibebuli kriteriumebisa da saerTaSoriso standartebis Sesabamisi qulobrivi SefasebiT xelmZRvanelobs. pirveli etapi _ TamaSs iwyebs mtkicebiTi mxare (N1). pirveli momxsenebeli Tavis wardgenisa da misalmebis Semdeg, auditorias Seaxsenebs sakamaTo Temas _ rezolucias da waradgens mtkicebiT pozicias. mas sasaubrod eZleva 6 wuTi. am drois amowurvis Semdeg iwyeba jvaredini dakiTxva. uarmyofeli gundis mesame moTamaSe kiTxvebs usvams mtkicebiTi gundis pirvel momxsenebels. kiTxva-pasuxi-

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saTvis gamoyofilia 3 wuTi (N2). jvaredini dakiTxvis Semdeg, TamaSSi Semodis uarmyofeli gundis pirveli momxsenebeli. Tavis 6 wuTian gamosvlaSi igi upirispirdeba mtkicebiTi gundis pozicias da waradgens Tavis pozicias (N3). am gamosvlas kvlav mohyveba jvaredini dakiTxva _ mtkicebiTi gundis mesame moTamaSe kiTxvebs usvams pirvel uarmyofels (N4). meore etapi _ gamosvlebis meore etaps, iwyebs mtkicebiTi gundis meore momxsenebeli (N5). 5 wuTis ganmavlobaSi igi aRadgens Tavis pozicias da, amave dros, uaryofs mowinaaRmdegis argumentebs. amisTvis man unda moiSvelios damamtkicebeli masalebi da statistikuri monacemebi. am gamosvlis Semdeg 3 _ wuTiani jvaredini dakiTxvis dros uarmyofeli gundis pirveli moTamaSe meore mtkicebiTs usvams kiTxvebs (N6). amas mohyveba meore uarmyofeli momxseneblis 5 wuTiani gamosvla (N7). igi kvlav uaryofs mowinaaRmdegis pozicias da aRadgens Tavisas. misi movaleobaa, ufro zedmiwevniT ganixilos meore mtkicebiTi momxseneblis gamosvla da konkretulad mis mosazrebebsa da faqtebze aagos Tavisi kontrargumentebi. rasac mohyveba mtkicebiTi gundis mesame momxseneblis mier dasmuli kiTxvebi(N8). mesame etapi _ mesame, damamTavrebeli etapi Sedgeba ori gamosvlisagan (N9,10). orive gundis mesame momxseneblis movaleobaa 5 wuTiani gamosasvleli sityva miuZRvnas mTeli TamaSis Sejamebas. am modebateebma unda daanaxon msajs TamaSis msvlelobisas, romel argumentsa da mosazrebaze gamaxvilda yuradReba, ra azrebi daejaxa erTmaneTs da vis mxares iyo upiratesoba. mesame momxseneblebi ganixilaven jvaredin dakiTxvebsa da maT Sedegebs. cxadia, rom momxseneblebi cdiloben daasabuTon TavianTi gundis gamarjveba. gadawyvetileba _ msajoba `formalur debatebSi sapasuxismgebloa. msajma unda SeZlos mTeli TamaSis Canaweris gakeTeba. warmoudgenelia swori gadawyvetilebis miReba msajebisaTvis sagangebod SemuSavebuli Canaweris formis gareSe. erT furcelze unda Candes mTeli TamaSis struqtura da gamomsvlelTa moxsenebebi erTmaneTTan mimarTebaSi. mosafiqrebeli dro msajsac eZleva. 5 _ 10 wuTis Semdeg, msaji akeTebs komentarebs, ajamebs TamaSs, miuTiTebs Sejaxebis areebs daSvebul Secdomebs. sabolood msaji acxadebs Tavis gadawyvetilebas romelime gundis sasargeblod. TamaSi zustad erT saaTs grZeldeba. TamaSis msvlelobisas kargia gamoiyos neitraluri pirovneba, romelic daexmareba moTama-

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Seebsa da msajs, akontrolon dro. Tu aseTi pirovneba ar moiZebna, msaji Tavad daniSnavs dros da amcnobs reglamentis amowurvas moTamaSeebs. dasaSvebia, rom momxsenebelma azris dasamTavreblad damatebiT iTxovos 15 wami. karl poperis saxelobis debatebis TamaSis ganrigi:
N 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 momxsenebeli 1 mtkicebiTi 3 uarmyofeli 1 urmyofeli 3 mtkicebiTi 2 mtkicebiTi 1 uarmyofeli 2 uarmyofeli 1 mtkicebiTi 3 mtkicebiTi 3 uarmyofeli 2 uarmyofeli 2 mtkicebiTi 1 uarmyofeli 1 mtkicebiTi dro, gamosvlaTa klasificireba wT 6 spikeris sityviT gamosvla 3 6 3 5 3 5 3 5 5 jvaredini dakiTxva spikeris sityviT gamosvla jvaredini dakiTxva spikeris sityviT gamosvla jvaredini dakiTxva spikeris sityviT gamosvla jvaredini dakiTxva spikeris sityviT gamosvla spikeris sityviT gamosvla

gamosvlebs Soris mosafiqrebeli dro _ 8-8 wuTi. debatebis mwvrTnelma kargad unda auxsnas moswavleebs TiToeuli grafis mniSvneloba da TiToeuli gundis wevris movaleoba, rasac formalur debatebSi spikerTa pasuxismgebloba ewodeba. imisaTvis, rom modebateebma gadadgan pirveli nabiji wesebis aTvisebisa da TamaSis ganrigis damaxsovrebis mimarTulebiT, CaatareT pirveli TamaSi. survilis mixedviT aarCieT eqvsi moTamaSe. samuSao jgufis danarCen monawileebs miandeT msajoba. CaatareT kenWisyra da gamoavlineT 3 moTamaSe mtkicebiTi poziciis dasacavad da 3 _ uarmyofeli poziciis. gamoacxadeT RirebulebiTi debatis martivi Tema _ rezolucia, romelzec mozardebs ar gauWirdebaT argumentebisa da magaliTebis swrafad mofiqreba da mieciT maT poziciis Camosayalibeblad 10 wuTi.

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warmogidgenT rezoluciis magaliTs: saSualo skolebSi formebis tareba gamarTlebulia. auxseniT axalbeda modebateebs, rom mtkicebiTma mxarem unda moifiqros 3 an 4 argumenti, romelic upasuxebs kiTxvas: ratom SeiZleba iyos gamarTlebuli saSualo skolaSi formis tareba? Semdeg ki SeZlebisdagvarad moiyvanon Tundac erTi magaliTi TiToeuli argumentis Sesabamisad. uarmyofeli gundis moTamaSeebs sxvagvari davaleba eqnebaT. maT 10 wuTis ganmavlobaSi unda moifiqron rac SeiZleba ufro meti argumenti, romelsac savaraudod wamoayenebs mtkicebiTi mxare. auxseniT maT, rom am gziT uarmyofeli mxare winaswar Wvrets mowinaaRmdegis pozicias da emzadeba uaryofisaTvis. daavaleT uarmyofel mxares, SeimuSavos erTi an ori argumenti Tavisi poziciis dasacavad. es argumenti unda pasuxobdes kiTxvas: ratom ar aris gamarTlebuli sajaro skolebSi formebis tareba? mosafiqrebeli drois amowurvis Semdeg, saTanadod moawyveT oTaxi. karl poperis debatebis wesebis mixedviT, modebate gundebi ise unda ganlagdnen cal-calke magidebTan, rom maTi vizualuri kontaqti ara imdenad erTmaneTTan, ramdenadac msajebTan unda moxdes. warmogidgenT msajebisa da monawile gundebis ganlagebis sqemas debatebis dros:
3 mtkicebiTi 2 mtkicebiTi 1 mtkicebiTi msaji 1 uarmyofeli 2 uarmyofeli 3 uarmyofeli drois aRmricxveli

kargia, Tu modebateebi da msajebi magidebTan ganTavsdebian. ase ufro advilad gaakeTeben Canawerebs. magidebze yoveli monawilis win dadebuli xeliT nakeTi baraTi moTamaSis dasaxelebiT (1 mtkicebiT) gaamartivebs TamaSis organizebas. TamaSis dawyebamde auxseniT modebateebs drois daniSvnis wesebi. TamaSis ZiriTadi principebi: yuradRebiT vusmenT oponentebs; yuradRebiT vusmenT Tanagundelebs; vakeTebT TamaSis srul Canawers; vsaubrobT mxolod maSin, rodesac Cveni gamosvlis droa; oponentebs veqceviT pativiscemiT; pativiscemiT veqceviT Tanagundelebs da msajebs; debatebs warvmarTavT mSvid viTarebaSi;

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 TamaSi migvyavs bolomde; mzad varT, movisminoT msajebisagan kritikuli SeniSvnebi; vemorCilebiT drois reglaments. es miTiTebebi debatebis mwvrTnelma mxolod pozitiuri damokidebulebiT unda misces. dauSvebelia, uTxraT moTamaSeebs: ar SeawyvetinoT erTmaneTs sityva; ar wamoiyviroT uadgilo adgilas; ar gamovxatoT pretenziebi Tanagundelebis mimarT; ar gadascdeT dros; ar SewyvitoT TamaSi da a.S. gaviTvaliswinoT, rom es aris mozardebisaTvis pirveli TamaSi. isini Relaven, ar arian darwmunebulebi sakuTar TavSi. zogs am dros gadametebiT uxaria da ver imorCilebs emociebs. mozardebi pirveli TamaSisas Zalian mgrZnobiareni arian. mniSvnelovania, rom debatebis mwvrTnelma maT mxolod pozitiuri damokidebuleba Camouyalibos da auxsnas, rom am pirveli debatis mizani TamaSis wesebis da struqturis kargad gagebaa. debatebi: debatis dawyebisTanave, yuradReba miaqcieT mozardebis gamosvlebsa da qcevebSi yvela dadebiT da uaryofiT niuanss. daafiqsireT isini furcelze, raTa Semdgom gaakeToT TamaSis detaluri analizi da nayofieri rCeva-darigebebi misceT Tqvens moswavleebs. CainiSneT, ramdenad kargad asruleben modebateebi Tqven mier micemul miTiTebebs. mwvrTneli TamaSis dasrulebamde ar unda Caerios debatSi. modebateebis mxridan daSvebuli Secdomebi mxolod debatebis dasrulebisas aRniSneT. mwvrTneli akontrolebs, rom sxva msajebi ar Caerion da ukomentarod datovon modebateTa gamonaTqvamebi da qcevebi. TamaSis ganxilva: TamaSis dasrulebis Semdeg, aTi-TxuTmeti wuTis ganmavlobaSi mousmineT yvela moswavle-msajis gadawyvetilebas da maT mosazrebas TamaSis Sesaxeb. Semdgom, daaxloebiT xuTi-aTi wuTis ganmavlobaSi mwvrTnelma unda gaakeTos TamaSis detaluri analizi, romlis drosac ganixilavs TiToeuli momxseneblis gamosvlas da miscems maT rCeva-darigebebs. mwvrTnelis komentaris dros ZiriTadi yuradReba unda gamaxvildes modebateTa mier daSvebuli Secdomebisa da uzustobebis dafiqsirebaze, Tumca, ar dagvaviwydes, rom yvela komentari pozitiuri ganwyobiT keTdeba.

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nawili I karl poperis debatebis ZiriTadi elementebi rezolucia da definiciebi

nebismieri saxis kamaTisaTvis aucilebelia sakamaTo Temis arseboba, raTa Sedges azrTa realuri dapirispireba. aqedan gamomdinare, karl poperis debatebsac, rogorc kamaTis erT-erT saxes, ra Tqma unda, aqvs sakamaTo Tema, romelsac debatebSi rezolucia ewodeba. TamaSi rezoluciis garSemo mimdinareobs. mtkicebiTi gundi icavs da amtkicebs rezolucias, xolo uarmyofeli gundi upirispirdeba da uaryofs mas. rezolucia unda akmayofilebdes Semdeg kriteriumebs: aqtualuri; saintereso; problematuri; farTo Sinaarsis; mis Sesaxeb SesaZlebeli unda iyos informaciis moZieba; mtkicebiTi Sinaarsis matarebeli winadadeba; binaluri/ormxrivi (rezoluciis imave warmatebiT damtkiceba unda SeiZlebodes, ra warmatebiTac uaryofa; anu igi unda iZleodes orive mxarisaTvis Tanabari raodenobis argumentebis Seqmnis saSualebas).

debatebis mTavari principi isaa, rom moxdes oponentTa mosazrebebis realuri dapirispireba. aqedan gamomdinare, modebate gundebs TamaSis dros moeTxovebaT rezoluciis ZiriTadi terminebisa da gaugebari terminebis srulfasovani da leqsikoniseuli ganmarteba, raTa dapirispirebuli mxareebi erTi da imave sityvas sxvadasxvanairad ar igebdnen, rac gamoiwvevs debatebis zemoT aRniSnuli principebis darRvevas.

mtkicebiTi da uarmyofeli qeisi

mosazrebis gasamyareblad mtkicebiTi da uarmyofeli gundebis pirveli spikerebi gamosvlebis dros axdenen poziciis/qeisebis Camoyalibebas, rac warmoadgens ama Tu im gundis mxardamWeri definiciebis, kriteriumis, argumentebisa da damamtkicebeli masalis erTobliobas. qeisi TamaSis is nawilia, romelsac modebateebi TamaSamde amzadeben rezoluciis gamocxadebidan turniris an konkretuli TamaSis Catarebamde. argumenti, rogorc qeisis ZiriTadi nawili, warmoadgens zogadi

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Sinaarsisa da garkveuli mtkicebis matarebel winadadebas, romelic pasuxobs kiTxvas `ratom~, romelic daesmis rezolucias. magaliTad, ratom aris gamarTlebuli sikvdiliT dasja an, piriqiT, gaumarTlebeli. amasTan erTad, argumentSi garkveuli mosazreba iseTi formiT unda iyos Cadebuli, rom Tavis TavSi moicavdes mis garSemo mosazrebebis gavrcobis SesaZleblobas. anu argumenti iseTi saxis winadadebaa, romelic SeiZleba garkveuli Tezisebis erTobliobis saerTo saTaurad CaiTvalos. karl poperis debatebis formatidan gamomdinare, mizanSewonilia, mtkicebiT gunds hqondes ori-oTxi argumenti, xolo uarmyofels _ erTi-ori. Tumca, es wesi ar aris da nebismier gunds nebismieri raodenobis argumentis gamoyeneba SeuZlia. argumenti damamtkicebel masalebsa da dasabuTebebze agebuli daskvnaa. aqedan gamomdinare, faqtebiT mis gamyarebas TamaSis dros gadamwyveti mniSvneloba eniWeba. karl poperis debatebSi damamtkicebeli masala ewodeba faqtebs, statistikur monacemebs, citatebs, cnobil adamianTa gamonaTqvamebs, magaliTebs da sxva saxis damasabuTebel informacias, romelTa meSveobiTac xdeba sakuTar argumentebSi Camoyalibebuli logikuri msjelobis gamyareba da oponentTa mosazrebebis gabaTileba. qeisis formirebisa da misi simtkicisaTvis didi mniSvneloba aqvs kriteriumis arsebobas. kriteriumi gaxlavT ori-sami sityvisagan Semdgari sayovelTaod aRiarebuli dadebiTi Rirebuleba (sazogadoebis keTildReoba, adamianis uflebaTa dacva, jansaRi momavali Taoba da sxv.), romelic warmoadgens rezoluciis mtkicebis an uaryofis Sedegad miRweul mizans da, amave dros, argumentebis erTgvar gamaerTianebel debulebasac. anu, Cveni argumentebis meSveobiT, nebismieri sakiTxis mxardaWeriT an misi gabaTilebiT, ra mizans mivaRwevT, ra saxis sikeTes SeviZenT Cven? swored am kiTxvebze pasuxia kriteriumi debatebSi.

uaryofa da aRdgena
uaryofa da aRdgena aris is ZiriTadi qvakuTxedi, rasac eyrdnoba debatebis mTeli procesi. aqedan gamomdinare, is ZiriTadi da pirveladi funqcia da movaleoba, rac modebate gundebs gaaCniaT, SeiZleba ori sityviT gamoixatos: uaryofa da aRdgena, ris warmatebulad Sesrulebasac msajebi umTavres yuradRebas aqceven. uaryofa, anu oponentis mosazrebebTan dapirispireba, debatebis dros SeiZleba sxvadasxvagvarad moxdes _ pirdapiri uaryofis (argumentis samarTlebrivi, moraluri da istoriuli TvalsazrisiT gabaTileba da misi gaumarTleblobis damtkiceba), oponentis qeisis

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komponentebs Soris arsebuli Seusabamobebis, faqtebisa da damamtkicebeli masalebis gamoyenebis, mowinaaRmdegis mosazrebebis da jvaredini dakiTxvis Sedegebis gamoyenebis gziT. uaryofis samiznes, anu imas, rasac unda daupirispirde, oponentTa mTeli qeisi warmoadgens. mowinaaRdegis poziciis Semadgeneli nawilebis mimarT dapirispirebaSi gansxvaveba mxolod uaryofis meTodebSi mdgomareobs. definicias vupirispirdebiT im SemTxvevaSi, Tu Semotanili ganmarteba sicruea da ar Seesabameba simarTles; an vaxdenT maT Sevsebas Cveneuli definiciebiT saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi. kriteriums uarvyofT maSin, Tu igi ar warmoadgens dadebiT Rirebulebas da ar gamomdinareobs rezoluciidan; an vupirispirebT sakuTar kriteriums da vamtkicebT, rom igi ufro mniSvnelovani Rirebulebaa; anda veTanxmebiT mas da Cvens argumentebsac oponentis kriteriums vukavSirebT. rac Seexeba mowinaaRmdege gundis argumentebsa da damamtkicebel masalas, maT gabaTilebas yvela zemoT aRniSnuli meTodiT vcdilobT. iqidan gamomdinare, rom aRdgena oponentis mier Cveni moasazrebebis gabaTilebaze reagirebaa da dapirispirebas (uaryofis uaryofa) warmoadgens, masac uaryofis msgavsi samizneebi da meTodebi aqvs. uaryofisa da aRdgenis dros, aucilebelia uTxraT msajs da naTlad daafiqsiroT, rom Tqven axla utevT oponentis ama Tu im arguments an maT mier moxdenil gabaTilebas. aRsaniSnavia is faqtic, rom uaryofa ar warmoadgens mxolod uarmyofeli gundis movaleobas da aRdgena _ mxolod mtkicebiTis. termini, romelic xSirad gvxvdeba debatebSi uaryofasa da aRdgenasTan mimarTebaSi, aris Sejaxeba. igi aRniSnavs pirdapir dapirispirebas da warmoadgens debatebis ZiriTad aspeqts. arsebobs iseTi terminic, rogoricaa Sejaxebis ZiriTadi areebi, rac aRniSnavs TamaSis dros warmoTqmul argumentebs, damamtkicebel masalasa Tu mosazrebebs, romelTa garSemoc uaryofa da aRdgena mTeli debatebis ganmavlobaSi mimdinareobda da risi analizic, sakuTari gundis mier mopovebuli upiratesobebis warmosaCenad, mesame spikerebis ZiriTad movaleobas Seadgens.

jvaredini dakiTxva
jvaredini dakiTxva grZeldeba sami wuTis manZilze da imarTeba yoveli gamosvlis Semdeg, garda mesame momxsenebelTa sityvisa. aRsaniSnavia, rom misi forma mxolod kiTxva-pasuxisagan Sedgeba. garda amisa, TamaSis ganrigis mixedviT, winaswar arian gansazRvrulni is modebateebi, romlebic monawileoben TiToeul jvaredin dakiTx-

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vaSi, rogorc kiTxvebis damsmelni, aseve mopasuxeni. jvaredini dakiTxvis Sedegad miRebul sasurvel pasuxs aucileblad iyenebs Semdegive gamosvleli. jvaredini dakiTxvis ZiriTadi principebi mdgomareobs SemdegSi: Tavidan aviciloT SekamaTeba, nu gavakeTebT daskvnebs, nu viCxubebT da SevinarCunoT simSvide. misi Catarebis ZiriTad mizans oponentebis mier dasmuli sakiTxebis garkveva da maTi saboloo dadgena, agreTve, jvaredini dakiTxvis dros miRebuli sasurveli pasuxebis uaryofaSi, aRdgenasa da analizSi gamoyeneba warmoadgens. dasmuli SekiTxvebis formis mixedviT jvaredini dakiTxvis kiTxvebi iyofa daxurul (mxolod konkretuli pasuxis mqone) da Ria kiTxvebad; xolo momzadebis mxriv _ winaswar momzadebul da spontanurad warmoqmnil kiTxvebad. debatebis dros, xSirad gamoiyeneba e.w. SekiTxvebis seria, rodesac nabij-nabij, ramdenime Sinaarsobrivad gadabmuli SekiTvis dasmis Sedegad viRebT CvenTvis sasurvel pasuxs.

spikerTa pasuxismgeblobani
debatebSi gamarjvebisaTvis udidesi mniSvneloba aqvs aramarto imas, Tu ramdenad kargi qeisi aqvs momzadebuli gunds, aramed imasac, Tu rogor SeZlo man am poziciis Camoyalibeba da dacva. ar unda dagvaviwydes, rom debatebi gunduri TamaSia. amitom gundis TiToeul wevrs garkveuli pasuxismgebloba akisria, rac gamoixateba imaSi, rom igi mkacrad gansazRvrul funqcias asrulebs. funqciebis Seusruleblobas an arevas ki, rogorc wesi, gundi damarcxebamde mihyavs. aqve SemogTavazebT TiToeuli spikeris movaleobis mokle aRweras. warmogidgenT momxsenebelTa gamosvlebis Tanmimdevrobisa da maTi pasuxismgeblobebis sqemas: sqema: 2
1mtkicebiTi 1. misalmeba 2. qeisis Camoyalibeba 3. daskvna 1uarmyofeli 1.misalmeba 2.mtkicebiTis qeisze reagireba da uaryofa 3.sakuTari qeisis Camoyalibeba 4.daskvna 2mtkicebiTi 1.misalmeba 2.sakuTari qeisis aRdgena da gavrcoba 3.oponentis qeisis uaryofa 4.daskvna 2uarmyofeli 1.misalmeba 2.aRdgenili qeisis uaryofa 3.gabaTilebuli qeisis aRdgena 4.daskvna 3mtkicebiTi 1.misalmeba 2.Sejaxebebis analizi 3.oponentTa Secdomebis dafiqsireba 4.daskvna 3uarmyofeli 1.misalmeba 2.mtkicebiTis analizze reagireba 3.Sejaxebebis analizi 4.oponentTa Secdomebis dafiqsireba 5.daskvna

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mtkicebiTi poziciis formireba

I gakveTili rezolucia _ kamaTi Rirebulebebze
debatebis sakamaTo Tema _ rezolucia _ 25 wT. savarjiSo `rezoluciebis mogoneba~ _ 35 wT.

rezolucia
imisaTvis, rom ikamaTo, unda arsebobdes kamaTis sagani da obieqti. karl poperis debatebSi mokamaTe gundebis dapirispirebis ZiriTad sagans, anu sakamaTo Temas, rezolucia warmoadgens. nebismieri saxis formaluri debatebis da, maT Soris, poperis debatebis srulfasovnad warmarTvisaTvis rezoluciis formasa da Sinaarss gadamwyveti mniSvneloba aqvs, rasac Cvenc saTanado yuradReba unda davuTmoT, radgan rezolucias gansazRvruli maxasiaTeblebi gaaCnia. rezoluciis ZiriTadi parametrebis codna mniSvnelovania, rogorc modebateebis, aseve debatebis mwvrTnelTaTvisac, radgan arasworad formulirebuli sakamaTo debuleba, debatebis mTeli procesis safuZvlad mogvevlineba. imisaTvis, rom modebateebma kargad gaigon rezolucia, mwvrTnels SeuZlia, Caataros savarjiSo, romlis msvlelobisas modebateebi TviTon Seqmnian rezolucias da swori formulirebiT Camoayalibeben mas.

savarjiSo #1 `rezoluciebis mogoneba~

savarjiSos msvleloba: 1. etapi _ 10 wuTi savarjiSos pirvel etapze mwvrTneli Caatarebs `gonebriv ieriSs. mwvrTneli auditorias gaacnobs gonebrivi ieriSis principebs. esaubreba imaze, rom samuSao jgufis wevrebma Tavisuflad gamoTqvan nebismieri azri, romelic ki mouvaT TavSi, ar gaakritikon erTmaneTi. gonebrivi ieriSis dros nebismieri, Tundac, susti idea misaRebia. TviTkritikis gamo ar unda davuSvaT rame, Tundac, umniSvnelo azris dakargva. gonebrivi ieriSis Semdgom ki moxdeba azrebis dalageba da gadajgufeba. dafaze daiwereba kiTxva _ raze SeiZleba vikamaToT?

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jgufis wevrebi TiTo sityviT warmoTqvamen im zogad Temebs, rac maTi azriT SeiZleba iyos sakamaTo, saintereso, aqtualuri, gamokvlevadi, sazogadoebisaTvis mniSvnelovani, problemuri da exebodes adamianTa did raodenobas. dafaze gaCndeba daaxloebiT aseTi CamonTvali: ekologia; ganTleba; masmedia; janmrTeloba; adamianTa uflebebi; dasaqmeba; ekonomika; politika. 2. etapi _ 5 wuTi savarjiSos meore etapze mwvrTneli auxsnis auditorias, Tu ra formiT unda Camoyalibdes sadebato rezolucia. mwvrTneli Camowers dafaze rezoluciis formisa da Sinaarsis Semdeg ZiriTad Tvisebebs: martivi, TxrobiTi winadadebis formis; binaruli anu ormxrivi, rodesac rogorc mtkicebiT, aseve uarmyofel gunds SeuZlia Tanabari raodenobis argumentebis SemuSaveba; aqtualuri; exeba mniSvnelovani moculobis problemas; aRvivebs interess sadebato Temis mimarT; mkafiod da naTlad aris Camoyalibebuli; gamokvlevadia, anu masze unda moipovebodes sakmarisi faqtobrivi masala. 3. etapi _ 5 mwvrTneli savarjiSos mesame etapze mwvrTneli dayofs auditorias mcire jgufebad da daavalebs, 10 wuTis ganmavlobaSi breinStormingis dros maT mier mofiqrebuli zogadi Temebidan amoirCion erTi da Camoayalibon rezolucia. Camoyalibebul rezolucias rigrigobiT yvela jgufi dawers dafaze. 4. etapi _ 10 etapi meoTxe etapze mwvrTnelma detalurad unda auxsnas moswavleebs, Tu ratom aris maT mier mofiqrebuli rezoluciebi kargad an aras-

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worad formulirebuli. mwvrTneli auditoriis maqsimaluri CarTulobiT Seasworebs rezoluciebis formulirebas da miscems maT saboloo saxes. aqve unda aRvniSnoT, rom momavalSi debatebis Catareba moswavleTa mier mofiqrebul rezoluciebze efeqturi iqneba. amave dros, mwvrTnels SeuZlia daurigos modebateebs im rezoluciebis CamonaTvali, romlebzec debatobdnen saqarTvelosa da sxva qveynebSi maTi Tanatolebi: televizia mavnebelia; samoqalaqo damorCilebloba gamarTlebulia demokratiul sazogadoebaSi; saerTaSoriso terorizmi gaumarTlebelia; 14 wlamde asakis bavSvebi ar unda agebdnen pasuxs aranairi danaSaulisaTvis; samxedro Zalis gamoyeneba sakuTari mosaxleobis winaaRmdeg dauSvebelia; sikvdiliT dasja unda aikrZalos; masmediis cenzura gaumarTlebelia; did qalaqSi cxovreba ukeTesia, vidre patara sofelSi; genetikuri klonireba unda aikrZalos; inglisuri yvelaze mniSvnelovani enaa msoflioSi; feminizmi mavne ideologiaa; evTanazia unda aikrZalos; WeSmaritia, rom reklama produqciis gayidvas zrdis; msubuqi narkotikebis legalizacia dauSvebelia.

II gakveTili definiciebi, argumentebi da kriteriumi

ra aris definiciebi da ras sWirdeba ganmartebebi? _ 15wT. argumentebi da maTi mniSvneloba _ 15wT. savarjiSo _ `argumentis SemuSaveba~ _ 25wT.

ra aris definiciebi da ras sWirdeba ganmartebebi?

debatebis mTavari principi mdgomareobs imaSi, rom moxdes oponentTa mosazrebebis realuri dapirispireba. aqedan gamomdinare, modebate gundebs TamaSis dros moeTxovebaT rezoluciis ZiriTadi terminebisa da gaugebari terminebis srulfasovani da leqsikoniseuli ganmarteba, raTa dapirispirebuli mxareebi erTsa da imave sityvas sxvadasxvanairad ar igebdnen, rac gamoiwvevs debatebis ze-

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moT aRniSnuli principebis darRvevas. karl poperis debatebSi definiciebi TamaSisaTvis mniSvnelovan da sakvanZo terminologiis swor, leqsikoniseul ganmartebas niSnavs. aRsaniSnavia is garemoeba, rom romelime sityvis ganmarteba, romelsac esa Tu is gundi warmoadgens definiciebis warmoCenis dros, calsaxad ar unda emxrobodes romelime gundis pozicias da unda warmoadgendes zogad gansazRvrebebs, romelTa funqcia TamaSSi sicxadis Setanaa. debatebSi aucilebel ganmartebas rezoluciis Semadgeneli terminebi moiTxovs, radgan maTzea damokidebuli mTeli TamaSis da, iSviaT SemTxvevaSi, romelime mxaris mier naxsenebi ucnobi termini. definiciebis Semotana xdeba pirveli spikerebis mier maTi gamosvlebis dasawyisSi, rac gamxsneli gamosvlebis garkveul debiuts warmoadgens. definicia unda iyos: naTeli (yvelasaTvis gasagebi, erTi problemuri termini ar unda iyos meoriT Secvlili); amomwuravi (aRar unda badebdes Semdeg kiTxvebs); samarTliani (unda iyos ganmarteba, romelic arc erTi gundis pozicias ar emxroba).

argumentebi da maTi mniSvneloba

argumenti, rogorc qeisis ZiriTadi nawili, warmoadgens zogadi Sinaarsisa da garkveuli mtkicebis matarebel TxrobiT, martiv winadadebas. argumenti pasuxobs kiTxvas `ratom~, romelic daesmis rezolucias. magaliTad: ratom aris gamarTlebuli Tormetwliani swavleba saqarTveloSi? an piriqiT _ ratom aris gaumarTlebeli? amasTan erTad, arguments unda gaaCndes garkveuli saerTo ganacxadis, garkveuli saTauris formac, anu masSi raime idea iseTi formiT unda iyos Cadebuli, rom Tavis TavSi moicavdes mis garSemo mosazrebebis gavrcobis SesaZleblobas. sxvagvarad rom vTqvaT, argumenti iseTi saxis winadadebaa, romelic SeiZleba garkveuli Tezisebis erTobliobis saerTo saTaurad CaiTvalos. magaliTad, masmediis cenzuris gamamarTlebeli argumenti: masmediis kanoniT daSvebuli cenzura xels uSlis mediis saSualebebis mier sazogadoebaze mavne zegavlenis moxdenas, Semdegi logikuri azrebis gamaerTianebel ideas warmoadgens: - cenzura krZalavs pornografiul filmebsa da Jurnalebs; - cenzura ebrZvis masmediis saSualebiT gavrcelebul Zaladobas;

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- cenzura xels uSlis mediis mier mosaxleobisaTvis sakuTari azris Tavis moxvevas. am mosazrebebis Taobaze ki sakmaod vrceli gavrcobis warmodgenaa SesaZlebeli. srulfasovani argumentis gavrcobis Camoyalibebisas unda gaviTvaliswinoT misi sami ZiriTadi komponenti, romelTa arseboba mniSvnelovania: - ganacxadis axsna, dakonkreteba; - ganacxadis mxardaWera damamtkicebeli masaliT; - ganacxadze damyarebuli daskvna. modiT, aRniSnuli konstruqcia erT-erTi rezoluciis argumentis magaliTze ganvixiloT. rezolucia Semdegia: `sikvdiliT dasja gamarTlebulia~ argumenti: sikvdiliT dasja xels uwyobs danaSaulis Semcirebas. axsna: damnaSaveebs SeeSindebaT, rom daWeris SemTxvevaSi maT sikvdiliT dasjian. mxardaWera: gamokvlevebi gviCvenebs, rom im qveynebSi, sadac sikvdiliT dasja arsebobs, damnaSaveoba Semcirda. daskvna: unda davakanonoT danaSaulis Semcireba, anu sikvdiliT dasja. karl poperis debatebis formatidan gamomdinare, mizanSewonilia, mtkicebiT gunds h qondes ori-oTxi argumenti, xolo uarmyofels _ erTi-ori. Tumca , es wesi ar aris da nebismier gunds nebismieri raodenobis argumentis gamoyeneba SeuZlia.

savarjiSo #2 _ `argumentis SemuSaveba~

savarjiSos msvleloba: 1 etapi _ 5 wuTi savarjiSos pirvel etapze , debatebis mwvrTneli dayofs auditorias 6 jgufad. TiToeul jgufs miscems winaswar momzadebul baraTs, sadac weria `Tezisi, erTi winadadebis saxiT. (or jgufs eqneba erTi da imave Sinaarsis baraTi). warmogidgenT Tezisis ramdenime magaliTs: kviras aucileblad unda wavide Cems megobarTan (Svili usabuTebs mSoblebs); xuTSabaTs giorgi ver mova skolaSi (mSobeli usabuTebs klasis damrigebels); eqskursia qalaqgareT unda gadavdoT erTi kviriT (klasis damrigebeli usabuTebs bavSvebs). baraTis darigebis Semdeg 1 wuTis ganmavlobaSi gundebi gaecnobian Teziss.

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2. etapi _ 10 wuTi meore etapze, debatebis mwvrTneli auxsnis auditorias, rogor unda daasabuTon mocemuli Tezisebi. warmogidgenT magaliTs: Tezisi _ `dRes saRamos me unda wavide biblioTekaSi~ (Svili usabuTebs mSobels) 1. `Cven viwyebT axali Temis Seswavlas fizikaSi da me unda movemzado daskvniTi prezentaciisaTvis; 2. `axla Cven vswavlobT Zalian mniSvnelovan Tavs fizikaSi, maRali niSani am prezentaciaSi semestris bolosaTvis Zalian mniSvnelovania; 3. `ai, ratom aris Cemi wasvla biblioTekaSi aucilebeli dRes saRamos~. 3. etapi _ 10 wuTi mesame etapze, 5 wuTis ganmavlobaSi TiToeuli gundi moifiqrebs 3 winadadebas, romliTac daasabuTebs baraTze daweril Tezisebs. amis Semdeg, TiToeuli gundi 1 wuTis ganmavlobaSi waradgens dasabuTebas. mwvrTneli TiToeuli gundis gamosvlis Semdeg akeTebs mokle komentars. am savarjiSos mizania avxsnaT, rom argumenti aris safuZveli, baza, romelzec Sendeba Tezisis dasabuTeba. argumenti pasuxobs kiTxvaze _ riT mtkicdeba Tezisi? argumentis Sesaqmnelad saWiroa sami etapi: Tezisis wardgena, axsna-damtkiceba da daskvnis gakeTeba. es logikuri jaWvi SeiZleba warmovidginoT Semdegi saxiT _ ZiriTadi idea (Tezisi, am ideis gaSla _ axsna da ideis damtkiceba _ dasabuTeba, mtkicebulebebi, logikuri msjeloba. ZiriTadi idea ideis axsna dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT dasabuTeba faqtebiT argumentis daskvna

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III gakveTili debati or mxareze

ras niSnavs debati or mxareze? _ 10 wT. savarjiSo _ `argumentebi or mxareze~ _ 70 wT.

ras niSnavs, rodesac gundebi or mxareze debatoben?

debatebis programis saganmanaTleblo mniSvneloba gansakuTrebiT izrdeba debatebis Sejibris pirobebSi. debatebis turnirebSi monawileobis miReba kluburi muSaobis mizanicaa da SesaniSnavi saSualeba mozardebisaTvis, aimaRlon debatebis teqnika, SeiZinon axali gamocdileba, eqstremalur pirobebSi iswavlon swrafad azrovneba da gadawyvetilebis miReba. debatebis turnirze gundebs erTi dRis ganmavlobaSi erTsa da imave sakamaTo Temaze oTxjer uwevT debati. orjer gundebi icaven sakamaTo rezolucias _ orjer ki uaryofen mas. es sistema upirveles yovlisa Seqmnilia debatebis, rogorc saganmanaTleblo instrumentis mxardasaWerad. iseve, rogorc monetas aqvs ori mxare, karl poperis saxelobis debatebSi sakamaTo rezolucia SemuSavdeba ori mxaris principiT. mtkicebiT da uarmyofel poziciebs Tanabari raodenobis da siZlieris argumentebis SemuSavebis saSualeba eZlevaT. sakamaTo Temis siRrmiseuli Seswavlac swored or mxareze debatis saSualebiT xdeba. debati or mxareze aiZulebs mozardebs, sadebato sakiTxi jer erTi mxridan Seiswavlon, Semdgom ki Tavisive pozicia kritikulad ganixilon, mouZebnon mas kontrargumentebi da Semdgom sapirispiro poziciis argumentebze imuSaon. debatis monawileebi TandaTanobiT swavloben sakamaTo Temis mTlianobaSi ganxilvas, mTeli Tavisi dadebiTi da uaryofiTi mxareebiT. gamocdilma modebatem icis, rom uryevi pozicia ar arsebobs. nebismier arguments aucileblad moeZebneba kontrargumenti, nebismier faqts _ kontrfaqti, logikuri msjelobis sapirispirod arsebobs gansxvavebuli logikuri jaWvi. aseTi midgoma exmareba modebates, winaswar ganWvritos mowinaaRmdegis pozicia, winaswar gaTvalos misi savaraudo argumentebi da ukeT moemzados `SerkinebisaTvis~. karl poperis sityvebiT rom vTqvaT: `Cven unda vecadoT, davafasoT oponentis Zliereba, Tu masTan warmatebiT dapirispireba gvsurs~. SemogTavazebT savarjiSos, romlis mizania davexmaroT modebateebs, saswavlo kursis dasawyisSive gaiazron sadebato Temis damuSavebis procesSi mtkicebiTi da uarmyofeli poziciebis erT-

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droulad SemuSavebis aucilebloba. savarjiSos dasrulebisas modebateebi mixvdebian, rom yoveli sakiTxi yvela SesaZlo mxridan unda ganixilon da mxolod amis Semdeg eqnebaT ufro sruli warmodgena sakamaTo Temaze.

savarjiSo #3 _ `argumentebi or mxareze~

am savarjiSos Sesrulebisas mniSvnelovania, rom sadebato Tema iyos Zalian martivi da yvela monawilisaTvis gasagebi. mTavaria SevqmnaT iseTi samuSao pirobebi, sadac sadebato rezolucias eqneba samarTliani formulireba, rogorc mtkicebiTi, aseve uarmyofeli mxarisaTvis. rezolucia unda iZleodes saSualebas, rom modebateebma Seqmnan Tanabari raodenobis da siZlieris argumentebi, rogorc mis dasacavad, aseve mis uarsayofad. warmogidgenT am savarjiSosaTvis mosargeb ramdenime sakamaTo rezolucias: matarebliT mgzavrobas TviTmfrinaviT mgzavroba sjobs; vaSli sjobs banans; rolikebi velosipeds sjobs.

1. etapi _ 10 wuTi
savarjiSos pirvel etapze, debatebis mwvrTneli wers dafaze sadebato rezolucias, auditorias yofs 5 jgufad da avalebs TiToeul jgufs, moifiqros 5 argumenti mtkicebiTi poziciisaTvis 5 wuTis ganmavlobaSi. mosafiqrebeli drois amowurvis Semdeg, mwvrTneli kvlav avalebs gundebs, moifiqron imave rezoluciisaTvis 5 uarmyofeli argumenti.

2. etapi _ 15 wuTi
meore etapze, mwvrTneli gundebs mianiWebs nomers, #1; #2; #3; #4; #5 _ gundebi rig rigobiT waradgenen rezoluciis damamtkicebel argumentebs 2-2 wuTis ganmavlobaSi. savarjiSos msvlelobisas mwvrTneli gaakontrolebs, rom gundebma yuradRebiT mousminon erTmaneTs da gaakeTon oponenti gundebis mier wardgenili argumentebis Canawerebi. monawileebs kvlav eZlevaT mosafiqrebeli dro _ 5 wuTi, raTa SeimuSavon kontrargumentebi.

3. etapi _ 10 wuTi
mesame etapze ganisazRvreba, savarjiSos msvlelobaSi romeli gundebi gauweven erTmaneTs oponirebas. mwvrTneli kargad auxsnis

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monawileebs TamaSis sqemas. daxazavs am sqemas dafaze. samuSao oTaxSi gundebi unda ganlagdnen imave TanmimdevrobiT, ra TanmimdevrobiTac mouwevT maT gamosvla. sakuTari argumentebis warsadgenad gundebs eZlevaT 2-2 wuTi, xolo dapirispirebisaTvis 3-3 wuTi. am savarjiSos msvlelobaSi dasaSvebia, rom argumentebi gundis erTma wevrma waradginos, dapirispireba ki _ meorem. 4. etapi _ 25 wuTi savarjiSos meoTxe etapi aris uSualod TamaSis msvleloba. TamaSis mimdinareobisas mniSvnelovania drois mkacrad aRricxva da reglamentis dacva. mwvrTnelma unda Seqmnas pozitiuri garemo da uzrunvelyos debatebis ZiriTadi principebis dacva. oponentebi erTmaneTs pativiscemiT da samarTlianad unda eqceodnen. savarjiSos msvlelobaSi mwvrTneli ar ereva, ar akeTebs komentarebs. is mxolod wesrigs icavs da momxseneblebs exmareba, daicvan gamosvlebis Tanmimdevroba. 5. etapi _ 10 wuTi TamaSis ganxilva aris savarjiSos damasrulebeli mexuTe etapi. TamaSis msvlelobisas mwvrTneli dafaze winaswar daxazul sqemaSi TvalsaCinod akeTebs mTeli TamaSis Canawers. es meTodi exmareba TamaSis monawileebs, ufro kargad gaigon mwvrTnelis komentarebi. sqema: 3
#1 gundi #2 gundi #3 gundi #4 gundi #5 gundi #1 gundi

argumenti kontrargumenti argumenti kontrargumenti argumenti kontrargumenti argumenti argumenti argumenti kontrargumenti kontrargumenti kontrargumenti argumenti argumenti argumenti kontrargumenti kontrargumenti kontrargumenti argumenti argumenti argumenti kontrargumenti kontrargumenti kontrargumenti argumenti argumenti argumenti kontrargumenti kontrargumenti kontrargumenti

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IV gakveTili kriteriumi _ mtkicebis mizani

ra aris kriteriumi? _ 20 wT. savarjiSo _ `SevimuSaoT kriteriumi~ _ 60 wT.

ra aris kriteriumi?
mtkicebiTi poziciis formirebis dros didi mniSvneloba aqvs damamtkicebeli argumentebis erT, zogad dadebiT RirebulebaSi gaerTianebas. formalur debatebSi aseT Rirebulebas kriteriums vuwodebT. ori-sami sityvisagan Semdgari sayovelTaod aRiarebuli dadebiTi Rirebuleba, magaliTad: sazogadoebis keTildReoba, adamainis uflebaTa dacva, jansaRi momavali Taoba da sxv. warmoadgens rezoluciis mtkicebis an uaryofis Sedegad miRweul mizans da argumentebis erTgvar gamaerTianebel debulebasac. kriteriumis saSualebiT modebateebi naTlad aCveneben oponentebs, msajebsa da damswre sazogad o ebas, ra mizans mivaRwevT, ra saxis sikeTes SeviZenT, rodesac davicavT an uarvyofT sakamaTo rezolucias. debatebis mwvrTnelma kargad unda auxsnas axalbeda modebateebs, rom kriteriumi, erTi mxriv, mxolod dadebiTi Rirebulebis matarebeli unda iyos da, amave dros, misi miRweva ar unda iqces auxdenel an ganuxorcielebel ocnebad. kriteriumi unda iyos mkafiod gamoxatuli da miRwevadi. kriteriumis SemuSaveba mxolod argumentebis SemuSavebis Semdeg aris SesaZlebeli. debatebis mwvrTneli ukeT auxsnis modebateebs kriteriumis Semu S avebis teqnikas , Tu TvalsaCinod , erTi rezoluciis magaliTze moswavleebTan erTad SeimuSavebs kriteriums.

savarjiSo # 4 `SevimuSaoT kriteriumi~

1. etapi _ gonebrivi ieriSi 15 wT savarjiSos pirvel etapze , mwvrTneli dafaze wers sadebato rezolucias, mag: sikvdiliT dasja unda aikrZalos, da atarebs gonebriv ieriSs 5 wuTis ganmavlobaSi Temaze: ratom unda aikrZalos sikvdiliT dasja? mwvrTneli yvela pasuxs wers dafaze. drois amowurvis Semdeg , i s sTxovs auditorias, gaaerTianos yvela mofiqrebuli argumenti sam argumentSi.

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Cven miviRebT daaxloebiT aseT argumentebs: 1. skvdiliT dasja arRvevs sicocxlis uflebas; 2. sikvdiliT dasja SeiZleba iyos araswori sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebis Sedegi; 3. sikvdiliT dasja ar amcirebs danaSauls.

2 etapi _ 15 wuTi
savarjiSos meore etapze, auditoria unda davyoT jgufebad da davavaloT, rom gonebrivi ieriSis dros SemuSavebuli argumentebis safuZvelze TiToeulma jgufma 10 wuTis ganmavlobaSi SeimuSaos erTi winadadeba, romelic logikurad iqneba dakavSirebuli samive argumentis arsTan da, amave dros , iqneba dadebiTi Rirebulebis matarebeli zogadi debuleba.

3 etapi _ 15 wuTi.
savarjiSos mesame etapze , TiToeuli jgufi waradgens Tavis SemuSavebul kriteriums, rogorc poziciis mizans da argumentebiT daasabuTebs mis dadebiT Rirebulebas.

4 etapi _ 15 wuTi
yvela gundis kriteriumebs mwvrTneli TvalsaCinod wers dafaze da gamosvlebis Semdeg ganixilavs, ramdenad arsebobda logikuri kavSiri jgufebis mier SemoTavazebul argumentebsa da kriteriums Soris. davuSvaT, romelime gundis kriteriumi iyo _ saxelmwifom unda uzrunvelyos moqalaqeTa usafrTxoeba. aseTi kriteriumi namdvilad dadebiTi Rirebulebis matarebelia, magram is saerTod ar aris logikur kavSirSi mocemul argumentebTan. mwvrTnelma unda auxsnas modebateebs, rom maT mier savarjiSos dasawyisSi SemuSavebuli argumentebi adamianTa ZiriTad Tavisuflebebs ufro ukavSirdeba, vidre usafrTxoebas. magaliTisaTvis, mwvrTnels SeuZlia SesTavazos, rom kriteriumi _ samarTliani sazogadoebis Camoyalibeba, ufro Seefereba mocemul argumentebs.

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V gakveTili damamtkicebeli masalebi formalur debatebSi

rogor moviZioT damamtkicebeli masalebi _ 10 wT. rogor gamoviyenoT damamtkicebeli masalebi _ 10 wT. savarjiSo `mrgvali magida _ 25 wT savarjiSo `gavixsenoT faqtebi _ 30 wT.

rogor moviZioT damamtkicebeli masalebi

formalur debatebSi damamtkicebeli masalis arsebobasa da gamoyenebas gadamwyveti mniSvneloba aqvs. nebismieri saxis mtkicebisa da dapirispirebis safuZveli swored faqtebi da magaliTebia. oratoris mkafio, gamarTuli da logikuri gamosvla mxolod imis Semdgom iZens damajereblobas, rodesac poziciis damamtkicebeli argumenti faqtebiTa da statistikuri monacemebiT aris gamagrebuli. sadebato sakiTxis codna Cans ara lamazad dawyobil da efeqturad wardgenil argumentebSi, aramed am argumentis gavrcobaSi, rac SeuZlebelia Temis kvlevisa da Cveni ideebis Sesabamisi monacemebiT mxardaWeris gareSe. karl poperis debatebSi damamtkicebeli masala ewodeba: faqtebs; statistikur monacemebs; citatebs; cnobil adamianTa gamonaTqvamebs; magaliTebs; msgavs SemTxvevebs. amgvari, damasabuTebeli informaciis meSveobiT xdeba sakuTar argumentebSi Camoyalibebuli logikuri msjelobis gamyareba da oponentTa mosazrebebis gabaTileba. Tu mtkicebiTi poziciis formirebis dros gundebi ar moipoveben karg damamtkicebel masalebs, oponent gundTan winaaRmdegobis gaweva da msajis darwmuneba sakuTari poziciis upiratesobaSi SeuZlebeli iqneba.

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rogor moviZioT da gamoviyenoT damamtkicebeli masalebi savarjiSo #5 `mrgvali magida~

1 etapi _ 5 wuTi. savarjiSos dawyebisTanave mwvrTneli dafaze dawers kiTxvas: sad unda movipovoT damamtkicebeli masala? 5 wuTis ganmavlobaSi CavataroT gonebrivi ieriSi da SevecadoT, dafaze davafiqsiroT yvela mosazreba. drois amowurvis Semdeg, dafaze daaxloebiT aseTi CamonaTvali gaCndeba: - Jurnal-gazeTebi; - televizia da radio; - interneti; - saxelmZRvaneloebi; - maswavleblebi; - eqspertebi; - mSoblebi; - megobrebi. 2 etapi _ 5 wuTi savarjiSos meore etapze, auditoria davyoT mcire jgufebad da davavaloT, 10 wuTis ganmavlobaSi ganixilon zemoT CamoTvlili wyaroebi da gansazRvron maTi dadebiTi da uaryofiTi mxareebi. 3 etapi _ 15 wuTi savarjiSos mesame etapze jgufebi waradgenen TavianT mosazrebebs, mwvrTneli ki xels Seuwyobs am mosazrebebze dayrdnobiT diskusiis warmarTvas. diskusiis dros modebateebs SeuZliaT Tqvan, rom, erTi mxriv , gazeTebi kargi wyaroa, vinaidan maTSi axali informacaa, amave dros, ar unda daviviwyoT `yviTeli presa. saxelmZ RvaneloebTan dakavSirebiT gamoiTqmis mosazrebebi, rom monacemebi SeiZleba moZvelebuli iyos. eqspertebis mosazrebebi ki yovelTvis ar aris kompetenturi, televiziaSi da radioSi adamianebi zepir gancxadebebs akeTeben, rac naklebad sapasuxismgebloa da maTze dayrdnoba momgebiani ar aris debatebis dros. aseTi diskusia unda warimar T os mrgvali magidis irgvliv (wriulad ganlagebuli skamebis principiT). mwvrTneli am savarjiSos dros flobs gasaRebs (nebismieri nivTi _ markeri, kalami, saxazavi...), romelsac moTxovnis Sesabamisad gadascems auditoriis wevrs. mxolod gasaRebis mflobels aqvs ufleba, isaubros. danarCeni monawileeb i usmenen da elodebian gasaRebis mflobelis saubris damTavre-

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bas. msgavsi diskusiebi Zalian sasargebloa. modebateebi eCvevian sakuTari azris Tavisuflad gamoTqmas da moTminebiT mosmenas.

damamtkicebeli masalis gamoyeneba

karl poperis debatebSi damamtkicebeli masalis gamoyeneba sami ZiriTadi mizniT xdeba: sakuTari poziciis ganmtkicebis dros argumentebis gamyareba faqtebiT da statistikuri monacemebiT; oponentTa qeisis gabaTilebis dros kontrfaqtebis da alternatiuli magaliTebis moyvana; avtoritetuli eqspertebisa da mecnierebis naSromebidan amonaridebi xels uwyobs argumentebis analizs; cnobili sazogadoebrivi moRvaweebisa da literatorebis gamonaTqvamebi da citatebi amZafreben gamosvlas da ufro efeqturs xdian prezentacias; TamaSis gaanalizebisas, gundis mesame momxseneblebi _ rogorc mtkicebiT, aseve uarmyofel mxareze _ ganixilaven Sejaxebebis areebs. am dros faqtebis moSvelieba yvelaze efeqturi xerxia.

savarjiSo # 6 `movigonoT faqtebi~

1 etapi _ 10 wuTi savarjiSos pirvel etapze davyoT auditoria sam Tanabar jgufad. TiToeul jgufs mivceT baraTebze winaswar dawerili ramdenime argumenti. 10 wuTis ganmavlobaSi modebateebma unda moifiqron rac SeiZleba meti sxvadasxva saxis damamtkicebeli masala mocemuli argumentebis dasamtkiceblad. 1 baraTi televizia dezinformaciis wyaroa; televizia azarmacebs mozardebs; televizia mavned moqmedebs janmrTelobaze. 2 baraTi reklama adunebs momxmareblis yuradRebas; reklama ityueba; reklama xSirad araesTetikuria. 3 baraTi quCis aqciebi Sedegis swrafad miRebis saSualebas iZleva;

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 quCis aqciebi xelisuflebaze zegavlenis saukeTeso saSualebaa; quCis aqciebi demokratiis ganviTarebas uwyobs xels. 2 etapi _ 10 wuTi savarjiSos meore etapze gundebma unda warmoadginon TavianTi faqtebi da, amave dros, aRniSnon, sad da rogor moiZiebdnen faqtebs, ufro meti dro da pirobebi rom hqondeT. 3 etapi _ 10 wuTi savarjiSos mesame etapze debatebis mwvrTneli miscems davalebas gundebs, rom Semdegi gakveTilisaTvis gundebma moiZion ufro meti damamtkicebeli masala im wyaroebidan, romlebzec gakveTilis dasawyisSi visaubreT. saSinao davalebis micema mTeli kursis msvlelobisas Zalian mniSvnelovania. saSinao davalebebi unda iyos saintereso, iTvaliswinebdes gunduri muSaobis principebs (gundis wevrebs SeuZliaT moipovon sxvadasxva masala da bolos Seajeron es masalebi) da Tavidan ar unda iyos Zalian rTuli. saganmanaTleblo debatebis principebi modebateebisagan xangrZliv da Tanmimdevrul muSaobas moiTxovs. amitom mozardebs sWirdebaT motivacia imisaTvis , rom srulyofilad Seasrulon davaleba. Sejibris principi am SemTxvevaSi yvelaze karg motivaciad warmogvidgeba. saSinao davalebis micemisas dagegmeT Semdegi Sexvedra, ise, rom Sedges TamaSebi. sami jgufi waradgens Tavis argumentebs da faqtebs. TiToeul jgufs eyoleba oponentebi, romlebic aseve aRWurvilebi iqnebian kontrargumentebiTa da faqtebiT.

VI gakveTili qeisi
qeisi _ modebate mxaris pozicia _ 15wT. mtkicebiTi gundis pozicia _ 10 wT. savarjiSo `SevimuSaoT mtkicebiTi qeisi _ 35 wT.

qeisi _ modebate mxaris pozicia

saganmanaTleblo formalur debatebSi kamaTi gundebs Soris winaswar momzadebuli poziciebiT e.w. qeisebiT mimdinareobs. qeisi aris saqme, romelic iqmneba ramdenime kviris ganmavlobaSi. modeba-

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teebis samkaciani gundi ecnoba sakamaTo rezolucias, ikvlevs masalebs mis irgvliv, ayalibebs argumentebs, qmnis damamtkicebeli masalebis marags da bolos wers pirveli momxseneblisaTvis gamosasvlel sityvas. debatebis turnirebze gundebs rogorc mtkicebiT, aseve uarmyofel poziciaze uwevT TamaSi. poziciebis arCeva ki kenWisyrazea damokidebuli. aqedan gamomdinare, debatebisaTvis mzadebis procesSi moswavleebma orive mxaris pozicia (qeisi) unda Seadginon. aRniSnuli procesi Zalze Sromatevadi, magram, amave dros, sainteresoa. qeisis piramida TiToeuli gundis pozicia Sedgeba rezoluciis, definiciebis, kriteriumis, argumentebisa da damamtkicebeli masalisagan. aRniSnuli komponentebi sagangebo struqturiT unda iyos warmodgenili mtkicebiTi gundis pirveli gamomsvlelis moxsenebaSi. e.w. qeisis piramida naTel warmodgenas iZleva mTeli qeisis agebulebaze.

rezolucia definiciebi kriteriumi argumentebi damamtkicebeli masala daskvna

mtkicebiTi gundis pozicia

pirveli, rac mtkicebiT gunds auditoriisagan sWirdeba, yuradRebaa. am SemTxvevaSi, momxseneblis kargma Sesavalma auditoriis yuradReba unda miipyros da mas sadebato rezolucia efeqturad gaacnos. yuradRebis mipyroba SeiZleba STambeWdavi citatiT, gansacvifrebeli statistikis gamoyenebiT, an dramatuli magaliTisa da analogiis meSveobiT. mas Semdeg, rac momxsenebeli gansazRvravs definiciebs da daadgens kriteriums. gundi sakuTari kriteriumis dasacavad gamoiyenebs sxvadasxva dargis Teoretikosebis mosazre-

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bebs; amave dros, warmoadgens sakuTar dasabuTebebs, Sedarebebsa da analogiebs. qeisis kargi Sesavali moqmedebs mTeli Semdgomi TamaSis ganwyobaze. Sesavals _ rezolucia, definiciebi da kriteriumi _ pirvelma momxsenebelma daaxloebiT naxevari wuTi unda dauTmos. mtkicebiTma gundma kriteriumis dadgenisa da dacvis Semdeg unda ganaviTaros iseTi argumentebi, romlebic misi kriteriumis Sesabamisi iqneba. argumentebi SeiZleba aRviqvaT, rogorc xidi _ romelic kriteriumTan misasvlelad aris aucilebeli. mtkicebiTi pozicia unda iyos damajerebeli, advilad gasagebi, erTi sakiTxidan meoreze azrebi logikurad unda gadadiodes. qeisis struqtura kargad unda iyos gawerili droSi. TiToeuli argumenti amomwuravad unda iyos wardgenili. dauSvebelia meore argumentis dasrulebis Semdeg momxsenebeli wina argumentis dasabuTebas daubrundes. msajma Tavis CanawerSi naTlad unda dainaxos, sad mTavrdeba erTi argumenti da sad iwyeba meore. imisaTvis, rom gauadviloT modebateebs qeisis struqturis aRqma, SemogTavazebT savarjiSos:

savarjiSo # 7 `SevimuSavoT mtkicebiTi qeisi~

1 etapi _ 5 wuTi savarjiSos pirvel etapze dafaze davweroT sadebato rezolucia. magaliTad:

`did qalaqSi cxovrebas patara sofelSi cxovreba sjobs~

davyoT auditoria mcire jgufebad da davavaloT, SeimuSaon mtkicebiTi pozicia, romelic sami argumentisagan Sedgeba. am savarjiSos Sesrulebisas mwvrTneli auxsnis modebateebs, rom sami argumenti mtkicebiT qeisSi ar aris sayovelTao wesi, romelsac modebateebi emorCilebian. argumentebis raodenoba ar aris SezRuduli. mTavaria gundma moaxerxos, eqvs wuTSi ise waradginos argumentebi, rom arc faqtebi da statistikuri monacemebi daaklos, arc gadatvirTos zedmeti Znelad aRsaqmeli monacemebiT. logikuri msjelobac kargi aRsaqmelia, rodesac azri aTi-TxuTmeti winadadebiT aris gadmocemuli. debatis dros, rogorc oponentebisaTvis aseve, msajebisaTvis xangrZlivi, droSi gawelili argumentebis dasabuTebebi mTavarze yuradRebis gamaxvilebas uSlis xels. amrigad, argumentebis dasabuTebisas `oqros Sualedi~ unda davicvaT. gamocdilebam gviCvena, rom eqvs wuTSi srulfasovnad 3 argumentis wardgena aris aucilebeli. Tumca, debatebis turnirebze gvqonda SemTxvevebi,

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rodesac sadebato Tema imdenad mravalmxrivi iyo, rom gundebi meoTxe argumentis Semotanas da mis efeqturad wardgenas axerxebdnen. uarmyofeli gundisaTvis oponirebis gaweva gacilebiT advilia, rodesac mtkicebiTi mxare bevr _ 4,5,6 arguments waradgens, vinaidan drois SezRudvis gamo ver eswreba am argumentebis srulyofilad gaSla da oponenti gundi zedapirul dasabuTebas advilad umklavdeba Zlieri kontrargumentebiT. gacilebiT rTulia 2-3 Zlieri argumentis da maTi siRrmiseulad gaanalizebuli mxardaWeris gabaTileba. 2 etapi _ 15 wuTi savarjiSos meore etapze mwvrTneli TiToeul gunds miscems winaswar amobeWdil sqemas, sadac kriteriumis da argumentebis ujrebi carielia. 15 wuTis ganmavlobaSi gundebma unda moifiqron kriteriumi da sami argumenti _ Tavisi logikuri msjelobiT, damamtkicebeli masalebiTa da daskvnebiT da mokled Caweron cariel grafebSi. sqema 4 _ `mtkicebiTi qeisi~
sadebato rezolucia definiciebi did qalaqSi cxovrebas patara sofelSi cxovreba sjobs definiciebs (ganmartebebs) gundebi sakuTari poziciis Sesabamisad waradgenen, rac TamaSs gansazRvrul kalapotSi aqcevs. uarmyofeli mxare iZulebulia TamaSis am kalapots gahyves. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, TamaSi sxvadasxva mimarTulebiT warimarTeba da, Sesabamisad, ar moxdeba azrTa dapirispireba. didi qalaqi _ industriuli, ganviTarebuli qalaqi milionze meti mosaxleobiT patara sofeli _ sasoflo-sameurneo dargSi warmatebuli sofeli, romelic aRWurvilia Tanamedrove sakomunikacio sistemiT, ganviTarebuli infrastruqturiT, sofelSi aris saswavlo-saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebi, sportuli moednebi, biblioTeka, klubi, sadac imarTeba koncertebi da speqtaklebi. soflis mosaxleoba ar aRemateba 1000 kacs. cxovreba _ ojaxuri cxovreba, SromiTi moRvaweoba, dasveneba, kulturul-SemecnebiT RonisZiebebSi monawileoba. ganaTlebis miReba.

definicia definicia

definicia

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kriteriumi (poziciis mizani)

1. argumenti argumentis axsna 1. argumentis dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT 1. argumentis dasabuTeba damamtkicebeli monacemebiT 1. argumentis daskvna da dakavSireba kriteriumTan

2. argumenti argumentis axsna 2. argumentis dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT 2. argumentis dasabuTeba damamtkicebeli monacemebiT 2. argumentis daskvna da dakavSireba kriteriumTan 3. argumenti argumentis axsna 3. argumentis dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT 3. argumentis dasabuTeba damamtkicebeli monacemebiT 3. argumentis daskvna da dakavSireba kriteriumTan

samive argumentis daskvna da kavSiri kriteriumTan

3 etapi _ 15 wuTi savarjiSos mesame etapze TiToeuli gundi sam-sami wuTis ganmavlobaSi waradgens qeiss. mwvrTneli TvalsaCinod dafaze akeTebs qeisebis Canawers. wardgenebis Semdgom, mwvrTnelis mier gakeTebul Canawerebze naTlad gamoCndeba gundebis mier SemuSavebuli struqtura. am savarjiSoSi mniSvnelovania, rom mwvrTnelma komentarebis dros yuradReba gaamaxvilos qeisis struqturaze da sizusteze. momxseneblebs ar unda gamorCeT qeisis arc erTi pun-

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qti. komentarebis dasrulebisas mwvrTneli daavalebs modebateebs, moipovon informacia am Temis irgvliv da mocemuli struqturis mixedviT SeimuSaon ufro srulyofili qeisi, romelic 6 wuTiani moxsenebis saxiT wardgenili iqneba momdevno gakveTilze. mwvrTneli auxsnis modebateebs, rom Semdegi gakveTili daeTmoba uarmyofeli poziciis SemuSavebas da maT mier saxlSi momzadebuli masalebi gamoyenebul iqneba uaryofis strategiis asaxsnelad.

uarmyofeli poziciis formireba

VII gakveTili uaryofa da aRdgena
uaryofa da aRgdena, rogorc debatebis safuZveli _ 10 wT rogor movemzadoT uarmyofeli poziciisaTvis? _ 15 wT. savarjiSo `ratom ar veTanxmebi rezolucias _ 35 wT

uaryofa da aRgdena, rogorc debatebis safuZveli

karl poperis saxelobis formalur debatebSi mtkicebiTi da uarmyofeli gundebis dapirispireba SeiZleba ori sityviT gamovxatoT: uaryofa da aRdgena. debatebis mwvrTnelma kargad unda auxsnas modebateebs, rom uarmyofeli gundi arafers amtkicebs, igi mxolod upirispirdeba mtkicebiT pozicias. am ori oponenti gundis funqciebi ufro TvalsaCino rom gaxdes, warmovidginoT sasamarTlo darbazi, sadac erTmaneTis pirispir arian bralmdebeli da damcveli. advokats ar sWirdeba gansasjelis udanaSaulobis mtkiceba. igi asabuTebs, rom bralmdeblis mtkiceba araswori, arasamarTliani, an gansasjelis damnaSaved cnobisaTvis ar aris sakmarisi. udanaSaulobis prezumfciis mixedviT, piri udanaSauloa manam, sanam sasamarTlos mier damnaSaved ar aris cnobili. Tu bralmdebelma Tavisi argumentacia ver daamtkica, is agebs sasamarTlo process. asevea formalur debatebSic. uarmyofeli mxare asabuTebs, rom mtkicebiTi gundis pozicia arasworia, argumentebi ver asabuTebs sakamaTo rezolucias, logikuri msjeloba mcdaria, faqtebi arasando, xolo kavSirebi faqtebsa da argumentebs Soris aramyari da a.S. uaryofisa da aRdgenis proceduris warmatebulad Sesrulebas msajebi umTavres yuradRebas aqceven. oponentTa mosazrebebis uaryofa, igive gabaTileba, mowinaaRmdegeTa poziciisadmi dapirispirebas niSnavs, xolo aRdgena _ dapirispirebas aRniSnuli dapirispire-

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bisadmi.

rogor movemzadoT uarmyofeli poziciisaTvis?

sadebato rezoluciis gamocxadebis Semdeg, mtkicebiTi da uarmyofeli poziciebis Tanabrad momzadeba warmatebisaTvis mebrZoli gundis strategia unda gaxdes.

savarjiSo #8 ` ratom ar veTanxmebi rezolucias?~ 1 etapi _ 10 wuTi

savarjiSos pirvel etapze mwvrTneli 10 wuTis ganmavlobaSi atarebs `gonebriv ieriSs~: dafaze dawers rezolucias, romelic ukve ganxiluli iyo wina gakveTilebze mtkicebiTi poziciis mxridan. magaliTad _ `did qalaqSi cxovrebas patara sofelSi cxovreba sjobs~ da wers aseve kiTxvas _ ratom ar veTanxmebiT rezolucias? amis Semdeg mwvrTneli Seaxsenebs auditorias `gonebrivi ieriSis~ ramdenime wess.: arasdros gavakritikoT idea CamoyalibebisTanave, radgan Zalian xSirad idea, romelic yvelaze naklebad gamosadegi gveCveneba, SeiZleba sxva ideis warmoSobis mizezi gaxdes; arc erTi winadadeba ar SeiZleba iyos yovlad miuRebeli. sanam karg ideamde mividodeT, mravali miuRebeli idea unda ganvixiloT; arasodes SeCerdeT sam an oTx ideaze. rac meti ideaa warmodgenili, miT ukeTesi; aucilebelia azrTa gaziareba, kombinireba da Tavidan dalageba-Camoyalibeba. kargi `gonebrivi ieriSi~ SeiZleba xmauriani iyos. mwvrTnelma ar unda dauSalos monawileebs, uwesrigod wamoisrolon winadadebebi. ar SezRudoT is monawileebi,visac laparakis survili gauCndeba. kargad Catarebuli gonebrivi ieriSi warmoSobs bevr da saWiro ideas.

2 etapi _ 5 wuTi
savarjiSos meore etapze davyoT auditoria mcire jgufebad da davavaloT, moaxdinon dafaze Camowerili ideebis klasificireba.

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3 etapi _ 10 wuTi
savarjiSos mesame etapze davurigoT gundis wevrebs wina gakveTilze maT mier SemuSavebuli mtkicebiTi qeisi da davavaloT, klasificirebuli ideebi Seusabamon mtkicebiT argumentebs da kontrargumentis saxiT Camoayalibon ideebi.

4 etapi _ 15 wuTi
savarjiSos meoTxe etapze gundebi waradgenen TavianT kontrargumentebs mocemul argumentebTan mimarTebaSi. mwvrTneli dafaze akeTebs Canawerebs da ganmartavs, romeli kontrargumentebi realurad upirispirdeba argumentebs. warmogidgnT uarmyofeli gundis mier kontrargumentebis SemuSavebis sqemis magaliTs: sqema 5 1 argumenti _ did qalaqSi viRebT ufro karg ganaTlebas.
1. kontrargumenti _ patara soflis skolebSi ufo mcirericxovani klasebia. amitom, maswavlebels aqvs saSualeba. individualurad miudges moswavleebs. 2. kontrargumenti _ sofelSi sabunebismetyvelo sagnebis swavleba gaadvilebulia, vinaidan sofelSi mcxovreb moswavleebs uSualo Sexeba aqvs bunebasTan. 3. soflebSi sajaro skolebSi swavlis xarisxi maRalia, razec metyvelebs moswavleTa Sedegebi konkursebsa da misaReb gamocdebze. 4. soflis macxovreblis ganaTlebis miReba xdeba mizanmimarTulad soflis meurneobisa da veterinaruli mimarTulebiT da harmoniaSia mis cxovrebasTan. 5. soflis macxovrebels SeuZlia umaRlesi ganaTleba miiRos qalaqSi, xolo icxovros sofelSi. Tanamedrove teqnologiebi iZleva distanciuri ganaTlebis saSualebas.

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2 argumenti _ did qalaqSi adamianis janmrTeloba ufro daculia, vinaidan, samedicino momsaxureba ufro kvalificiuria. 1. kontrargumenti _ patara sofelSi ufro jansaRia ekologiuri garemo. mosaxleoba sufTa haers sunTqavs da naturaluri produqtiT ikvebeba. amitomac admianTa janmrTeloba ufro metad aris daculi, vidre didi qalaqebis mosaxleobis janmrTeloba. didi qalaqebis macxovreblebi ufro metad arian epidemiebis gavrcelebis dartymis qveS. 2. kontrargumenti _ sofelSi adamiani axlosaa bunebasTan da naklebia stresuli situaciebi, amitomac adamianTa janmrTeloba ufro daculia. 3. soflebSi aris ambulatoriebi, sadac kvalificiur eqimebs SeuZliaT gauwion avadmyofebs saWiro pirveladi samedicino daxmareba. 4. soflis macxovreblebma qalaqebis macxovreblebTan SedarebiT metad ician aratradiciuli mkurnalobis meTodebis gamoyeneba. balaxeulobiT da naturaluri produqtebiT mkurnalobis meTodebs tradiciuli medicinac aqtiurad iyenebs. 5. soflis macxovrebels SeuZlia janmrTelobis gauaresebis Sem Txve vaSi gaemgzavros qalaqSi samkurnalod.

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3 argumenti _ didi qalaqebi teqnikuri, aseve, kulturuli ganviTarebis centrebia. adamianebs meti saSualeba aqvT, monawileoba miiRon kulturul da sazogadoebriv RonisZiebebSi. 1. kontrargumenti _ patara soflebSi ganviTarebulia gamoyenebiTi xelovnebis dargebi: rewva, qsova, gobeleni, Teqa, rac kulturuli memkvidreobis SenarCunebas uwyobs xels. 2. kontrargumenti _ qarTuli literaturis Sedevrebi umTavresad patara soflebSi aris Seqmnili. 3. sofelSi ganviTarda da SenarCunda xalxuri zepirsityviereba da poezia, aseve, xalxuri folklori. 4. sofelSi tardeba cnobili Teatraluri dasebis gastrolebi, aseve koncertebi da festivalebi. ase rom, soflis mosaxleobasac aqvs saSualeba, monawileoba miiRos kulturul da sazogadoebriv RoniZiebebSi, Tanamedrove sainformacio saSualebebidan ki soflis mosaxleobas SeuZlia Tvalyuri adevnos msoflio kulturul miRwevebs. 5. turizmis ganviTarebis TvalsazrisiT, sofels meti saSualebebi aqvs, vidre qalaqs. amitom kuTxisTvis damaxasiaTebeli kolorituli xelobebi aramarto mimzidvels xdis sofels, aramed erovnuli kulturis ganviTarebis pirobasac warmoadgens.

sqemis ganxilvisas mivaqcioT yuradReba, rom cxrilis pirvel grafaSi sicarieleebia. am cxrils Semdeg gakveTilze kvlav ganixilavs debatebis mwvrTneli, rodesac mtkicebiTi poziciis aRdgenaze isaubrebs.

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VIII gakveTili uaryofa

rogor vaxdenT reagirebas definiciebsa da kriteriumze? _ 20 wT. mtkicebiTi qeisis uaryofis ZiriTadi meTodebi _ 20wT. argumentis uaryofa _ 20 wT. savarjiSo `davupirispirdeT arguments _ 20 wT

rogor vaxdenT reagirebas definiciebsa da kriteriumze?

karl poperis debatebSi uarmyofeli pozicia mtkicebiTi poziciis yvela komponents upirispirdeba. debatebis mwvrTnelma unda auxsnas modebateebs, rom uaryofis samizne, marTalia, mTeli mtkicebiTi qeisi, magram uaryofis strategia definiciebTan da kriteriumTan mimarTebaSi sxva xasiaTs atarebs, xolo argumentebTan da damamtkicebel masalebTan mimarTebaSi sruliad gansxvavebuli meTodebi gamoiyeneba. debatebis procesSi xSirad mZafri kamaTi imarTeba TamaSSi warmodgenili definiciebis garSemo. aq ibadeba kiTxva: ramdenad sWirdeba uarmyofel mxares ganmartebebis gabaTileba? ra upiratesobis mopoveba an dakargva SeiZleba definiciebis uaryofiTa da aRdgeniT? TavisTavad, debatebis karl poperis formatis specifikidan gamomdinare, anu im ZiriTadi momentis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom am TamaSSi mTavaria mowinaaRmdege gundebis mosazrebebis uSualo dapirispireba da Sejaxeba maT poziciebs Soris, unda vaRiaroT is faqti, rom definiciebis uaryofa ufro provokaciul moments Seicavs, vidre aucileblobas. im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac uarmyofeli gundi upirispirdeba mtkicebiTis mier Semotanil gansazRvrebebs, debatebi (gundebis msjeloba da mtkicebulebebi) radikalurad sxvadasxva mimarTulebiT warimarTeba. es ki ewinaaRmdegeba debatebis ZiriTad princips TamaSSi Sejaxebebis arsebobis Sesaxeb. miuxedavad zemoT Tqmulisa, karl poperis debatebSi arsebobs SemTxvevebi, rodesac uarmyofeli gundi mtkicebiTis definiciebs ubralod ar eTanxmeba. arsebobs mxolod ori SemTxveva, rodesac xdeba terminebis ganmartebebis gabaTileba: - oponentebis mier SemoTavazebuli definiciebi tyuilia; isini Zalzed mwiria da informaciis naklebobiT gamoirCeva; pirvel SemTxvevaSi, uarmyofel gunds definiciebisadmi uSua-

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lo dapirispireba, maTi gabaTileba da alternatiuli ganmartebebis Semotana uwevs; definiciebis arsebobis dros modebateebi, Tu saWirod Tvlian, axdenen Semotanili gansazRvrebebis gavrcobas da informaciulad gamdidrebas. debatebSi sakuTar kriteriumad, anu miznad, romlis miRweva sakuTari poziciiT surs, rogorc wesi, TiToeul gunds raime dadebiTi Rirebuleba aqvs arCeuli. amis gamo, saerTod kiTxvis niSnis qveS dgeba kriteriumis uaryofa. uSualod debatebis dros kriteriumi mxareebis poziciis is nawilia, romelzec dava iSviaTad mimdinareobs. im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac uarmyofeli gundi eTanxmeba mowinaaRmdegis kriteriums,man igive kriteriumi sakuTari poziciis miznadac unda daisaxos. Sesabamisad, sakuTari argumentebic mas unda daukavSiros. debatebis mwvrTnelma Tavis moswavleebs unda auxsnas, rom kriteriumis uaryofa ar aris uarmyofeli mxaris Secdoma. debatebis wesebi ar uaryofs kriteriumze dapirispirebas. praqtikaSi arsebobs SemTxvevebi, rodesac uarmyofeli gundi axdens dapirispirebas kriteriumze. es xdeba, rodesac: mtkicebiTi gundis mier mowodebuli kriteriumi ar warmoadgens dadebiT Rirebulebas; kriteriumi Sinaarsobrivad ar ukavSirdeba rezolucias; uarmyofeli gundi kriteriumze dapirispirebas axdens sakuTari, alternatiuli kriteriumiT. pirveli ori SemTxvevisas, uarmyofeli gundi ubralod uaryofs mtkicebiTis kriteriums da Semoaqvs sakuTari. am dros, modebate ubralod amtkicebs, rom misi gundis mizani ufro aucilebeli da saWiroa da rom misi miRweva ufro metad sasurvelia, vidre oponentis kriteriumis.

mtkicebiTi qeisis uaryofis ZiriTadi meTodebi

miuxedavad imisa, rom gabaTilebis procesSi uarmyofeli gundis movaleoba mowinaaRmdegis mTeli qeisis piramidis daSlaSi mdgomareobs, mTavari mainc argumentebis da maTi logikuri gavrcobis uaryofaa, radgan gundis poziciis maTavari Sinaarsi swored argumentebSi gamoixateba. argumentebisadmi dapirispirebis aseTi didi mniSvnelobis gamo maT uaryofis yvela arsebuli meTodiT upirispirdebian. argumentebisa da maTSi Camoyalibebuli logikuri msjelobis gabaTilebis dros, xdeba uaryofis ZiriTadi meTodebis gamoyeneba. kerZod: pirdapiri uaryofa; kavSirebis moZebna; faqtebisa da damamtkicebeli masalis gamoyeneba;

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 oponentTa msjelobis gamoyeneba; jvaredini dakiTxvis gamoyeneba.

argumentebis uaryofa
uaryofis meTodebs Soris yvelaze gavrcelebuli da xSirad gamoyenebadi pirdapiri gabaTilebaa, romlis drosac modebateebi ubralod cdiloben oponentTa argumentebisadmi samarTlebrivi, istoriuli, moraluri da sxva TvalsazrisiT dapirispirebas. amiT moTamaSeebi awarmoeben argumentebisaTvis logikuri safuZvlis `gamoclas~, azrobrivi jaWvis darRvevas da am gziT axdenen saboloo gabaTilebas. Tumca, pirdapir uaryofas, yvela Tavis dadebiT TvisebasTan erTad, meore mxarec gaaCnia, rac imaSi mdgomareobs, rom misi gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi, `saqme bolomde unda mivides~. gabaTilebis am meTodis gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi, aucileblad bolomde unda damtkicdes is, rom magaliTad, oponentTa argumentebi an moralurad an samarTlebrivad ar aris gamarTlebuli. amasTan erTad, pirdapiri uaryofis gamoyenebisas, unda iyos uaryofis erTiani strategia, rac imas niSnavs, rom gundis TiToeuli wevri msgavsi mosazrebebiT unda sargeblobdes dapirispirebis dros. kavSirebis meTodi gamoixateba oponentis qeisis komponentebs Soris winaaRmdegobebis danaxvis gamoyenebaSi. am procesSi unda dadgindes qeisis rgolebs Soris Semdegi saxis damokidebulebebi: ramdenad Seesabameba kriteriumi rezoluciis Sinaarss; ramdenad ukavSirdeba TiToeuli argumenti kriteriums; ramdenadaa mibmuli TiToeuli qveargumenti ZiriTad arguments; ramdenad eTanxmeba damamtkicebeli masala argumentis Sinaarss; ramdenad modis gundis msjeloba SesabamisobaSi maT mier wamoyenebul definiciebTan. TamaSisaTvis momzadebisas, gundebi Tanabari ZaliT axdenen mtkicebiTi da uarmyofeli qeisebis SemuSavebas. aqedan gamomdinare, modebateebs winaswar momzadebuli damamtkicebeli masala `daxarisxebuli~ unda hqondeT, raTa efeqturad moaxdinon maTi gamoyeneba uaryofis dros. mniSvnelovania damamtkicebeli masaliT, aramarto oponentis faqtebisa da statistikis gabaTileba, aramed argumentebis uaryofac, radgan logikuri msjeloba, romelic ar aris damamtkicebel masalaze damyarebuli da romlis simcdaresac cnobili faqtebiTa da saintereso statistikiT upirispirdebi, debatebSi sarwmunod ar miiCneva. oponentis mosazrebaTa da jvaredini dakiTxvis gamoyeneba uaryofis

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Zalzed msgavsi meTodebia, radgan am dros xdeba oponentTa naTqvamebis maT sawinaaRmdegod gamoyeneba, rac msajisaTvis Zalzed did damamtkicebel arguments warmoadgens. gansxvaveba isaa, rom jvaredini dakiTxvis dros, modebateebis mTeli Zalisxmeva mimarTulia im kuTxiT, rom oponents aTqmevinon maTTvis sasurveli pasuxi, xolo mowinaaRmdegeTa gamosvlis dros xelsayreli mosazrebis daWera da misi gamoyeneba debatebis xelovnebis erT-erT mniSvnelovan maxasiaTeblad iTvleba. garda amisa, gabaTileba aucileblad unda moicavdes garkveul struqturas. igi ar unda iyos qaoturi. qeisis piramidaze dapirispirebisas unda moxdes mis Semadgenel nawilebze Tanmimdevruli dapirispireba. es uadvilebs msajs Canaweris gakeTebas, rac debatebis Sedegis dasadgenad Zalze mniSvnelovania. warmogidgenT pirdapiri uaryofis magaliTs: sqema 6. Tema: sikvdiliT dasja gaumarTlebelia! argumenti
sikvdiliT dasja ar amcirebs danaSaulis raodenobas. yoveli dasjis saboloo mizani aris danaSaulis raodenobrivi maCveneblis Semcireba. sikvdiliT dasjis arseboba qveyanaSi aranairad ar moqmedebs danaSaulebis ricxvze. piriqiT, kvlevebi gviCvenebs, rom aSS-s im StatebSi, sadac sikvdiliT dasja dakanonebulia, danaSaulebaTa ricxvi 30% _ iT metia, vidre danarCen StatebSi (davasexelebT wyaros). Cveni damamtkicebeli masalis safuZvelze SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom sikvdiliT dasjis arseboba ar amcirebs danaSaulebaTa ricxvs. amgvarad, sikvdiliT dasja ar aris gamarTlebuli.

kontrargumenti
mtkicebiTi mxare acxadebs, rom sikvdiliT dasja ar amcirebs danaSaulis raodenobas. Cven, uarmyofeli mxare vambobT sapirispiros _ sikvdiliT dasja amcirebs danaSaulis raodenobas. veTanxmebiT mtkicebiT mxares, rom yoveli dasjis saboloo mizani aris danaSaulis raodenobrivi maCveneblis Semcireba. sikvdiliT dasja ki mTel rig qveynebSi SemaSinebeli faqtoria da xels uwyobs danaSaulis Semcirebas. arabeTis qveynebSi, sadac sikvdiliT dasja gamoiyeneba iseTi danaSaulebis mimarT, rogoric aris narkotikebiT vaWroba, aramc Tu ganzrax mkvleloba damamZimebeli garemoebebiT, danaSaulebaTa ricxvi sagrZnoblad naklebia im qveynebTan SedarebiT, sadac sikvdiliT dasja ar arsebobs. amitom argumenti _ sikvdiliT dasja ar amcirebs danaSaulis raodenobas, mcdaria, ver asabuTebs rezolucias _ sikvdiliT dasja gaumarTlebelia.

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savarjiSo # 9 `davupirispirdeT arguments 1 etapi _ 10 wuTi

savarjiSos pirvel etapze debatebis mwvrTneli yofs auditorias mcire jgufebad da urigebs maT baraTebze dabeWdil erT arguments da mokled formulirebul dasabuTebas _ logikuri msjelobiT, damamtkicebeli monacemebiT da daskvnebiT. Semdeg, sTxovs, rom aTi wuTis ganmavlobaSi: a) moifiqron da daasaxelon is meTodi, romliTac apireben mocemuli argumentis uaryofas, b) mocemul sqemaSi Caweron uaryofis Sesabamisi punqtebi. warmogidgenT aseTi argumentis erT nimuSs: sqema 7.
Tema: atomuri energiis gamoyeneba ZiriTadi siTburi energiis resursis saxiT ar aris gamarTlebuli. Tezisi: atomuri energiis gamoyeneba saxifaToa. logikuri gavrcoba: Zalian xSirad xdeba avariebi atomur eleqtrosadgurebze. damamtkicebeli masala: 1990 wlis 14 ivniss Jurnal `atomur energiaSi daibeWda statia: avariebi amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis atomur eleqtrosadgurebze yoveldRe xdeba. es avariebi umniSvneloa, magram katastrofis potenciuri safrTxe yovelTvis arsebobs. gavixsenoT Cernobilis atomuri eleqtrosadguris gamanadgurebeli Sedegebi. ar unda daviviwyoT, rom miwisZvrebi da sxva stiqiuri movlenebi atomuri eleqtrosadgurebis mwyobridan gamosvlas uwyobs xels. iaponiis 2011 wlis movlenebi amis naTeli magaliTia. daskvna: ase rom, ekologiuri katastrofis potenciuri safrTxe arsebobs. Cven saSiSi da sabediswero arCevnis winaSe vdgavarT. gamoviyenoT Tu ara atomuri energia? Cvens msjelobasa da mocemul faqtebze dayrdnobiT unda ganvacxadoT, rom axali atomuri sadgurebis mSenebloba atomuri energiis gamoyenebis mizniT unda SeCerdes.

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etapi _ 10 wuTi savarjiSos meore etapze , TiToeuli gundidan erTi warmomadgeneli ori wuTis ganmavlovaSi waradgens argumentis uaryofis versias. debatebis mwvrTnelma paralelurad unda Caiweros dafaze yvela moxseneba. etapi _ 10 wuTi savarjiSos mesame etapze, debatebis mwvrTneli gaakeTebs mokle komentarebs da ganixilavs TiToeuli gundis uaryofis strategias da logikuri msjelobis sizustes.

IX gakveTili uaryofa
argumentis sisusteebi _ 30 wT. savarjiSo `vipovoT argumentis susti mxareebi 60 _ wT

argumentis sisusteebi
debatebSi gamarjveba mniSvnelovnad damokidebulia argumentis sworad Camoyalibebaze. oponenti gundi TamaSis dros yvelaze metad argumentis sisusteebis aRmoCenasa da am sisusteebze dartymas axorcielebs. debatebis procesSi oponenti gundebi mosafiqrebeli drois ganmavlobaSi unda ekiTxebodnen Tavis Tavs: sandoa Tu ara mowinaaRmdege gundis mier warmodgenili argumentis logikuri msjeloba; damoukidebelia Tu ara dasabuTeba Tezis ze, Tu gamomdinareobs Tezisisgan; msjelobis sandoobis sakiTxi Cndeba maSin, rodesac argumentis dasasabuTeblad viRebT ara WeSmarit, aramed mcdar warmodgenebs, romlebsac vawvdiT ise, TiTqos es WeSmariteba iyos. moviyvanT erT magaliTs, romelic gauadvilebs mwvrTnels, auxsnas auditorias debatebis es sakmaod rTuli elementi. warmovidginoT, rom Cveni debatebis Temaa samyaros mowyoba. Cven SegviZlia Zalian damajereblad, Zvel istoriul wyaroebze da filosofiur Txzulebebze dayrdnobiT, damamtkicebeli masalebis wardgeniT avxsnaT, rom dedamiwa aris ara sfero, aramed disko, romelic yvela mxridan garSemortymulia didi mdinariT, romelsac

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`okeane hqvia da rom es disko efuZneba eqvs spilos. dedamiwa mrgvali rom iyos, wylebi qveviT Camoedineboda, adamianebi wyurviliT daixocebodnen, xolo mcenareebi gaxmebodnen. a d amianebi Camovardebodnen da SeuZlebeli gaxdeboda dedamiwaze cxovreba. ai, amitom, dedamiwa ver iqneba sfero. debatebis procesSi msjelobis sandooba kiTxvis niSnis qveS unda davayenoT, rodesac TavisTavad argumenti ar aris mcdari, magram, amave dros, is Tavad saWiroebs dasabuTebas. mozardebisaTvis am punqtis axsnas gagviadvilebs yvelasaTvis sayvareli nawarmoebis `vini puxi da yvela-yvela-yvela _ s gmirebis dialogis gaazreba. `- ras akeTeb? _ ikiTxa puhma. me vTesav rkos, puh, misgan gaizrdeba muxis xe, saxlTan axlos iqneba bevri-bevri rko. Torem, RmerTma uwyis, sad miwevs siaruli. gesmis? rom ar gaizardos? _ ikiTxa puhma. gaizrdeba, imitom rom kristofer robinma ase Tqva _ aucileblad gaizrdeba. imitomac vTesav.~ argumentis sisusteebis gaazrebisas, yuradReba unda mivaqcioT iseTi kategoriis logikur Secdomas, sadac warmoiqmneba e.w. `Caketili wre, sadac Teziss vasabuTebT argumentiT, xolo arguments vasabuTebT imave TezisiT. magaliTisTvis moviyvanT dialogs patara ufliswulsa da loTs Soris antuan de sent-egziuperis nawarmoebidan. loTi eubneba p atara ufliswuls, rom igi svams imitom, rom rcxvenia, Tumca, rcxvenia imitom, rom svams. modebateebi xSirad iyeneben argumentebs , sadac gamoiyeneba analogiebi. analogiebis logika martivia. Tumca oponentebma Zalian didi yuradReba unda miaqcion analogiebze dafuZnebul daskvnebs. magaliTad, fexburTi da ragbi sportia, orive popularulia saqarTveloSi, orive gunduri TamaSia. TamaSi balaxis did moedanze, Ria cis qveS mimdinareobs, orive saxeobaSi msoflioSi aRiarebuli varskvlavebi gvyavs, da orive saxeobaSi burTi aris gundis wevrebis flobis mizani. maSasadame , SegviZlia Tu ara vTqvaT, rom Tu ra g bSi Cveni qveyana warmatebulia, maSasadame, fexburTSic is warmatebuli iqneba ramdenime weliwadSi? ra Tqma unda, ara. Cven mier moyvanili analogiebi ar asabuTebs mosazrebas, rom saqarTvelos nakrebi fexburTSi momavalSi warmatebas miaRwevs. am ganacxadis dasabuTebas sruliad sxva warmomavlobis logikaze dafuZnebuli argumentebi sWirdeba.

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 yvelaze rTulad dasaZlevi amocana modebateebisaTvis aris argumentSi mizezSedegobrivi sisusteebis aRmoCena, vinaidan yvelaze Zlieri argumenti swored mizez-Sedegobriv i damokidebulebis safuZvelze igeba da modebateebi aseTi logikuri jaWvis agebas didi yuradRebiT ekidebian. davuSvaT, qveyanaSi kvalificiuri samedicino kadrebis naklebobas vasabuTebT im mosazrebiT, rom samedicino saswavlo dawesebulebebSi studentebis kvlevebSi CarTvas, laboratoriul da praqtikul mecadineobebs naklebi yuradReba eTmoba, vidre Teoriul momzadebas. dasabuTebis uarsayofad SesaZlebelia ar iyos sakmarisi imis mtkiceba, rom es ar aris marTali, rom praqtikul mecadineobebs didi yuradReba eqceva. aseTi kamaTi SesaZlebelia CixSi Sevides. ukeTesi iqneba, Tuki aseT arguments kidev sxva sust mxares movuZebniT. xSirad , erTi tipis argumenti SeiZleba sxva tipis argumentad vaqcioT da msjelobas CvenTvis sasurveli mimarTuleba mivceT. SemovitanoT sxva logika. magaliTad: kvalificiuri samedicino kadrebis nakleboba kadrebis sazRvargareT gadinebiT aris gamowveuli, vinaidan qveyanaSi mZime ekonomikuri viTarebaa, dasaqmebis sakiTxi ki _ problemuri. amas SeiZleba davumatoT, is rom samedicino fakultetze studentebis ricxvi mcirdeba, vinaidan swavla xangrZlivia, sabanko sistemaSi ki studentobidanve SeiZleba muSaobis dawyeba, Tanac, es sfero metad anazRaurebadia. Cven mier ganxiluli argumentebis sisusteebis gaanalizeba daexmareba modebateebs, gaiTavison is idea, rom uryevi pozicia ar arsebobs. nebismier Zlier arguments SeiZleba movuZebnoT susti mxare da TamaSi Cvens sasargeblod SemovatrialoT. logikuri Secdomebis gaazreba gvexmareba, ufro metad davfiqrdeT argumentaciaze, davinaxoT aramarto oponentebis sisusteebi, aramed , gaviazroT sakuTari pozicia, aRmovaCinoT da gamovasworoT Secdomebi.

savarjiSo #10 `vipovoT argumentis susti mxareebi 1 etapi _ 10 wuTi

savarjiSos pirvel etapze gavyoT auditoria sam jgufad. TiToeul jgufs mivceT winaswar gamzadebuli baraTebi , sadac war m odgenili iqneba rezolucia, kriteriumi da rezoluciis damamtkicebeli sami Tezisi (sqema 8). davavaloT jgufebs, aTi wuTis ganmavlobaSi daasabuTon samive argumenti da Caweron baraTis cariel grafebSi. 2 etapi _ 10 wuTi savarjiSos meore etapze gundebi gacvlian baraTebs da daupirispirdebian erTmaneTis argumentebs (sqema 9).

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warmogidgenT savarjiSos SesrulebisTvis saWiro masalebis magaliTs: sqema 8 mtkicebiTi pozicia mtkicebiTi poziciis gavrcoba

rezolucia: terorizmi gamarTle- definiciebi: bulia

kriteriumi: msoflioSi samarTlianobis principebis damkvidreba argumentebi teroristebi ibrZvian TavianTi uflebebisaTvis (dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT da faqtebiT)

teroristebs ar aqvT sxva alternativa

(dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT da faqtebiT)

terori miznis miRwevis efeqturi gzaa

(dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT da faqtebiT)

mtkicebiTi pozicia

mtkicebiTi poziciis gavrcoba

rezolucia: inglisuri yvelaze mniSvne- definiciebi: lovani enaa msoflioSi kriteriumi: komunikabeluri doebis Camoyalibeba argumentebi inglisur enaze molaparake adamianTa (dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT da raodenoba Zalian didia faqtebiT) sazoga-

amerikanizaciis procesi gardauvalia (dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT da ganviTarebadi erebis kulturaSi faqtebiT)

inglisur enaze Targmnilia msoflio (dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT da literaturis 80% faqtebiT)

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mtkicebiTi pozicia

mtkicebiTi poziciis gavrcoba

rezolucia: genetikuri klonireba definiciebi: unda aikrZalos kriteriumi: jansaRi sazogadoeba argumentebi genetikuri klonireba gamoiwvevs (dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT msoflioSi arsebuli wesebisa da da faqtebiT) moralis rRvevas

klonireba mutaciis mizezi gaxdeba

(dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT da faqtebiT)

adamianis klonireba agresiuli sa- (dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT xelmwifoebis Zlieri iaraRi gaxde- da faqtebiT) ba

sqema 9.
mtkicebiTi pozicia mtkicebiTi poziciis uaryofa rezolucia: terorizmi gamarTle- rezoluciis uaryofa: bulia definiciebi: kriteriumi: msoflioSi samarTli- komentarebi kriteriumTan dakavSianobis principebis damkvidreba rebiT: argumentebi teroristebi ibrZvian TavianTi uflebebisaTvis (dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT da faqtebiT) argumentis uaryofa

teroristebs ar aqvT sxva alternativa argumentis uaryofa (dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT da faqtebiT) terori miznis miRwevis efeqturi gzaa (dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT da faqtebiT) argumentis uaryofa

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mtkicebiTi pozicia

mtkicebiTi poziciis uaryofa

rezolucia: inglisuri yvelaze mniSvne- rezoluciis uaryofa: lovani enaa msoflioSi definiciebi: kriteriumi: komunikabeluri doebis Camoyalibeba argumentebi inglisur enaze molaparake adamianTa argumentis uaryofa raodenoba Zalian didia (dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT da faqtebiT) amerikanizaciis procesi gardauvalia argumentis uaryofa ganviTarebadi erebis kulturaSi (dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT da faqtebiT) inglisur enaze Targmnilia msoflio argumentis uaryofa literaturis 80% (dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT da faqtebiT) sazoga- komentarebi kriteriumTan dakavSirebiT:

mtkicebiTi pozicia

mtkicebiTi poziciis uaryofa

rezolucia: genetikuri klonireba unda rezoluciis uaryofa: aikrZalos definiciebi: kriteriumi: jansaRi sazogadoeba argumentebi genetikuri klonireba gamoiwvevs argumentis uaryofa msoflioSi arsebuli wesebisa da moralis rRvevas (dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT da faqtebiT) klonireba mutaciis mizezi gaxdeba argumentis uaryofa (dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT da faqtebiT) komentarebi kriteriumTan dakavSirebiT:

adamianis klonireba agresiuli saxelm- argumentis uaryofa wifoebis Zlieri iaraRi gaxdeba (dasabuTeba logikuri msjelobiT da faqtebiT)

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2 etapi _ 20 wuTi savarjiSos Sesrulebis mesame etapze, debatebis mwvrTneli gaWris baraTebs da daubrunebs gundebs baraTis im nawils, sadac mtkicebi T i poziciis argumentebi aris gavrcobili. amis Semdeg iwyeba TamaSis 3 raundi. pirveli raundi _ pirvel i gundis g amosvla (mtkicebiTi argumentebis wardgena) _ 3 wuTi _ meore gundis gamosvla (dapirispireba pirvel gundTan) _ 3 wuTi meore raundi _ meore gunds gamosvla (mtkicebiTi argumentebis wardgena) _ 3 wuTi _ mesame gundis gamosvla (dapirispireba meore gundTan) _ 3 wuTi mesame raundi _ mesame gunds gamosvla (mtkicebiTi argumentebis wardgena) _ 3 wuTi _ pirveli gundis gamosvla (dapirispireba mesame gundTan) _ 3 wuTi

3 etapi _ 20 wuTi
savarjiSos damasrulebel eta p ze , debatebis mwvrTneli Seajamebs samive raunds da ganixilavs TiToeuli argumentis logikur msjelobaSi daSvebul Secdomebs. aseve, argumentis gabaTilebis xerxebs, romlebsac mimarTes modebateebma. am savarjiSos detaluri ganxilva debatebsa da mwvrTnels Soris diskusiis saxes unda atarebdes da urTierTTanamSromlobis atmosferoSi unda mimdinareobdes. es savarjiSo debatebis teqnikis Seswavlis procesSi mniSvnelovan rols asrulebs. debatebis mwvrTnels, Tavisi individualuri midgomebidan gamomdinare, SeuZlia es savarjiSo Semdgom gakveTilebzec gaimeoros sxva rezoluciebTan mimarTebaSi.

X gakveTili uaryofa
damamtkicebeli masalis uaryofis meTodebi _ 20 wT. savarjiSo `davupirispirdeT damamtkicebel masalebs 60 _ wT

damamtkicebeli masalis uaryofis meTodebi

argumenti damamtkicebel masalebsa da dasabuTebebze agebuli daskvnaa. aqedan gamomdinare, faqtebiT mis gamyarebas TamaSis dros gadamwyveti mniSvneloba eniWeba. karl poperis debatebSi damamtkicebeli masala ewodeba faqtebs, statistikur monacemebs, ci-

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tatebs, cnobil adamianTa gamonaTqvamebs, magaliTebs da sxva saxis damasabuTebel informacias, romelTa meSveobiTac xdeba sakuTar argumentebSi Camoyalibebuli logikuri msjelobis gamyareba da oponentTa mosazrebebis gabaTileba. formalur debatebSi damamtkicebeli masalis arsebobasa da gamoyenebas Zalian didi mniSvneloba aqvs, radgan nebismieri saxis mtkicebisa da dapirispirebis safuZvels swored faqtebi da magaliTebi warmoadgens. aqedan gamomdinare, uaryofisa da aRdgenis procesis dros aucilebelia argumentebis gamamyarebeli faqtebis srulfasovani gabaTileba da aRdgena. karl poperis debatebSi xSiria SemTxvevebi, rodesac TamaSis ganmavlobaSi ZiriTadi kamaTi swored damamtkicebeli masalis garSemo mimdinareobs.

meTodebi:
oponentis faqtebsa da logikur msjelobas Soris ararsebuli kavSiris damtkiceba; damamtkicebeli masalis `ukeTesi~ damamtkicebeli masaliT uaryofa; mowinaaRmdegeTa faqtebis mniSvnelobis daknineba; damamtkicebeli masalis ararsebobis damtkiceba; faqtebis wyaroebis gamoyeneba gabaTilebaSi. damamtkicebeli masalis gabaTileba, yvelaze efeqturad logikuri msjelobiT maTi argumentebis Sinaarsis Seusabamobis damtkicebaSi mdgomareobs. am SemTxvevaSi, modebateebi amtkiceben, rom oponentTa mier motanili faqtebi srulebiTac ar asabuTeben, an piriqiT, ewinaaRmdegebian argumentebSi warmodgenil mosazrebebs. aseTi uaryofis Sesrulebas Zalian kargad organizebuli logikuri jaWvis Seqmna da misi sisworis damtkiceba dasWirdeba, romlis drosac mizanSewonilia jvaredini dakiTxvis gamoyeneba. xSir SemTxvevaSi, mniSvnelovania damamtkicebeli masalis damamtkicebeli masaliTve gabaTileba. is pozicia, sadac garkveuli mosazrebis damamtkicebel raime faqts imave azris matarebeli ufro masStaburi faqti upirispirdeba, sadac oponentTa statistikas ufro mniSvnelovani statistikuri monacemebi daxvdeba win, sadac mowinaaRmdegeTa mier naTqvam cnobil adamianTa gamonaTqvamebs ufro cnobili pirovnebis azri gauwevs oponirebas, msajisaTvis upiratesi iqneba. pirveli ori meTodis erTgvar gagrZelebas oponentTa damamtkiceblis masalis daknineba warmoadgens. am dros, modebateebi

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ubralod amtkiceben, rom oponentTa faqtebi, statistika da sxva ar aris mniSvnelovani masala raimes dasamtkiceblad, rac gamoixateba maT nakleb masStaburobaSi, dromoWmulobasa Tu sxva saxis mizezebSi. am meTodiT, Cven msajs vumtkicebT, rom oponentebi cdiloben aramarTebuli da umniSvnelo faqtebiT dagvimtkicon sakuTari mosazrebebi. oponentTa mier Semotanili damamtkicebeli masalis realobis upirobo ndoba karl poperis debatebis erTierT dauwerel kanons warmoadgens, Tumca, miuxedavad imisa, rom Cven bavSvebs vaswavliT samarTlian TamaSs, arsebobs SemTxvevebi, rodesac modebatebiis mier motanili faqtebi ar Seesabameba simarTles, rac xSir SemTxvevaSi ar warmoadgens winaswar gamiznul tyuils. mowinaaRmdegeTa msgavsi naklis dafiqsirebis dros, gamomdinare iqidan, rom modebateebi gulmodgined emzadebian TamaSisaTvis da ician rezoluciasTan dakavSirebuli sakmaod bevri damamtkicebeli masala, maT SeiZleba daafiqsiron araswori faqtis arsebobac. amisaTvis, bavSvebs SeuZliaT gamoiyenon faqtebis, wyaroebis (literaturis miTiTebis CaTvliT) moTxovna da logikuri msjelobiT oponentTa mier warmodgenili damamtkicebeli masalis absurduloba.

savarjiSo #11 `davupirispirdeT damamtkicebel masalebs 1 etapi _ 30 wuTi

savarjiSos pirvel etapze auditoria unda daiyos eqvs jgufad. TiToeul jgufs eZleva sami sagazeTo statia, romelic erTsa da imave Temaze aris dawerili. eqvsive gunds 3 erTnairi statia eqneba. gundebs eZ lev a T mosafiqrebel i dro 30 wuTi, raTa sagazeTo statiebze dayrdnobiT maT SeZlon Camoayalibon: 1. sadebato rezolucia; 2. logikurad dasabuTebuli sami argumenti; 3. sagazeTo statiebis gamoyenebiT waradginon samive argumentis Sesabamisi damamtkicebeli masala. sagazeTo statieb i, romlebic SeiZl eb a gamoyen ebul iqnas am savarjiSos Serulebisas: 1 statia _ `ras vWamT~ _ uxarisxo samamulo produqcia da mowamluli importuli sakvebi. qarTvel momxmarebels qarTuli bazari ZiriTadad araqarTul produqcias sTavazobs. Tumca, aris bolo dros fexmokidebuli samamulo warmoebis produqtebic. rogorc irkveva, arc erTis da arc meoris bolomde ndoba ar SeiZleba, radgan kacma ar icis, es produqti akrZaluli emulgatoris Semcvelia, genmodificirebuli,

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Tu sulac antisanitarul saojaxo pirobebSi damzadebuli. kavSiri `21-e saukune~ gafrTxilebT: `saqarTvelos samomxmareblo bazari gajerebulia dabalxarisxiani, sakvebad uvargisi, janmrTelobisa da, xSir SemTxvevaSi, sicocxlisaTvis saSiSi sakvebi produqciiT~, _ am gafrTxilebis safuZvels kavSiri `21-e saukunis~ erT-erTi warmomadgeneli, paata gaCeCilaZe ganmartavs: `kvlevam gamoavlina iseTi produqcia, romelsac ar hqonda qarTulenovani etiketi (rac kanoniT aris dadgenili), ar gaaCnda Sesabamisobis serTifikati (dasturi, rom produqcia laboratoriulad Semowmebulia), romlis Senaxvis pirobebi iyo darRveuli da, rac mTavaria, iyo vadagasuli. qalaqis sami bazris _ vagzlis, didubisa da navTluRis teritoriaze daaxloebiT 30-ze meti produqti Semowmda, romelTagan mxolod 13 procents hqonda Sesabamisobis sertifikati. gamyidvelebis pasuxi martivi iyo _ `ara gvaqvs~. zogma ki saerTod araferi icoda amgvari dokumentis aucileblobis Sesaxeb. produqciis 13 procenti dadgenili normebis darRveviT iyideboda _ Ria cis qveS, antisanitarul pirobebSi. magaliTad: qaTmis barklebi, lobio, xatebi da saburavebi erTsa da imave daxlze ewyo. qarTulenovani etiketi hqonda produqciis mxolod 20 procents. danarCenebze ki qarTulenovani patara `stikeri~ iyo mikruli. produqciis 27 procenti an vadagasuli iyo, an saerTod ar hqonda miTiTebuli msgavsi informacia. Tumca, Ria cisqveS dalagebuli produqti mainc warmatebulad iyideboda. 2 statia _ qarTuli warmoeba ZiriTadad uxarisxo importul nedleuls iyenebs. qarTul bazarze, aseve, naxavT Saqars, romelsac aseTi misamarTi amSvenebs _ `didubis mimdebare teritoria~, anu Zalian didi Zalisxmeva dasWirdeba imas, vinc am sawarmos moZebnas Seecdeba. Tumca, es ukanaskneli patara lafsusia imasTan SedarebiT, Tu produqtSi, Tan kargad reklamirebulSi, ucxo sxeuls aRmoaCenen. magaliTad `21-e saukunis~ ofisSi dResac devs cqriala Rvino `samefo~ (SesaZoa, falsificirebuli), romelSic ferflismagvari Savi nawilakebi dacuravs. rogorc eqspertebi varaudoben, es, saukeTeso SemTxvevaSi, SesaZloa boTlis gaurecxaobis, an arasakmarisad garecxvis Sedegi iyos. bolo dros, adgilobrivi produqciisadmi xalxSi gaCenili ndobac, Tu aRniSnuli kvlevis avtorebs movusmenT, eWvis qveS dgeba. maTi TqmiT, bevri qarTveli mewarme, mogebis mizniT, adgilobriv nedleuls saerTod ar iyenebs da magaliTad, Zexvis warmoebaSi

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gayinul, indoeTidan an braziliidan Semosul xorcs iyenebs. iaffasian nedleulze damzadebuli produqcia xarisxsac Sesabamisad kargavs. `anu samamulo produqciis mTavari nakli aris is, rom misi etiketi ar Seesabameba misive SigTavsis Sinaarss. arc is aris swori, ekologiurad sufTa rom aweria produqts, radgan ek. sufTa niSnavs imas, rom miwa, sadac modis esa Tu is nedleuli, dasvenebulia, Tavad produqcia ki danamatebs ar Seicavs~, _ ambobs am sferoSi ukve garkveuli paata gaCeCilaZe. paata gaCeCilaZe: `Sokoladi `luna~, magaliTad, TiTqos kargia, magram aRmoCnda, rom mas ar gaaCnia arc vada, arc etiketi da bevr adgilas misi Senaxvis pirobebic darRveulia. aq erTi saintereso momentia _ qarTulma produqtma SeiZleba maSinve mogwamlos, rac im wuTSi gamomJRavndeba, ucxourma ki araferi dagizianos im momentSi, magram sakmaod uaryofiTi gavlena moaxdinos organizmze. aris daudasturebeli informacia, rom bavSvTa kveba `maliSis~ garkveul partiaSi aRmoCnda sokos forebi, ramdenime saxis eqspertiza Catarda da, ramdenadac vici, axla saboloo pasuxs elodebian. magaliTad, karaqze SemiZlia vTqva, rom normaluri karaqi rasac hqvia, saqarTveloSi ar iyideba. wesiT, masSi 70%-ze meti cxoveluri cximi unda Sediodes, roca CvenTan, praqtikulad, margarini iyideba. saintereso detali _ margarin `vitams~ Tu daxedavT, zed waikiTxavT absoluturad absurdul warweras, rom is `damzadebulia TurqeTis soflis meurneobisa da miwaTmoqmedebis saministros mier 1997 wlis 28 oqtombers gacemuli 24465 nebarTvis Sesabamisad~! ra gamosca TurqeTis raRac saministrom? ratom unda iyos es CemTvis sando informacia?~ 3 statia _ importuli saWmeli _ nagavi paata gaCeCilaZe imeorebs gavrcelebul informacias imis Sesaxeb, rom TurqeTSi Camofasebul da vadagasul produqcias sxvadasxva gziT qarTvelebi dRemde yiduloben, xelaxal dafasoebas ukeTeben da saqarTveloSi yidian. TurqeTis garda, saqarTvelos iseTi qveynebi amarageben, rogoricaa ruseTi, irani, bulgareTi. maT Soris, saqarTveloSi SedarebiT sando rusul produqciasac, rogorc aRmoCnda, araerTi nakli aqvs. magaliTad, araJani `alpiskoe~, romelSic arcTu didi xnis win Cxirebi aRmoaCines, swored CrdiloeT kavkasiaSia warmoebuli da is dRes mainc iyideba qarTul bazarze. im produqtebis mcire CamonaTvali ki, romelTa Semowmebis Semdeg cnobili gaxda, rom maTi savaWro qselSi arseboba, ramdenime mizezis gamo, Seumowmeblad ar SeiZleba, ase gamoiyureba: yava `eldorado~, romelic warmatebulad iyideboda navTluRis bazris teri-

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toriaze; mwarmoebeli _ saqarTvelo; Sesabamisobis serTifikati ar gaaCnia; vada miTiTebulia, qarTulenovani etiketi aqvs, magram darRveulia realizaciis pirobebi da iyideba antisanitariaSi. aseve, orcxobila `tviqsi~, krekeri `eskape~, Sokoladi `lubimka~, wveni `santali~, Sokoladi `nusi~, yveli `vesiolaia burionka~, saqarTveloSi warmoebuli wiwibura da dafasoebuli brinji, Sokoladi `rosiiskaia pelka~, Cai `finali~ (mwarmoebeli azerbaijani), biskviti `kremali~. . . arada, amis gamakontrolebeli samsaxurebi saqarTveloSi mravlad arsebobs. Tu maT sakuTari iniciativiT amave sakiTxze momuSave arasamTavroeboebsac mivumatebT, problemis gadamwyvet Tu ara, maT Semswavlel sakmaod grZel jaWvs miviRebT. Tumca, rogorc Cans, sadRac es jaWvi an gawyvetilia, an Zalian SeTxelebuli, radgan qveyana dRemde ikvebeba, rbilad rom vTqvaT, Camowerili produqciiT. paradoqsia, magram qarTuli kuWi amas jerjerobiT uZlebs. . . erTi SexedviT.

2 etapi _ 30 wuTi
savarjiSos meore etapze TiToeuli gundi, xuTi wuTis ganmavlobaSi waradgens Tavis pozicias. TviTonve akeTebs komentarebs, sakuTari argumentebis damamtkicebel masalebTan mimarTebaSi. am komentarebSi, momxseneblebma Tavad unda aRniSnon, ra savaraudo xerxs mimarTavs oponenti gundi, maT mier moyvanili damamtkicebeli masalebis uarsayofad.

XI gakveTili jvaredini dakiTxva

jvaredini dakiTxvis miznebi _ 20 wT. jvaredini dakiTxvis formebi _ 15wT. savarjiSo `rogor gamoviyenoT jvaredini dakiTxva~? _ 30wT.

jvaredini dakiTxvis miznebi

TamaSis struqturis gacnobisas , debatebis mwvrTneli auditoriis yuradRebas amaxvilebs iseTi specifikuri proceduris arsebobaze, rogoricaa jvaredini dakiTxva. gundebis mier kiTxvebis dasma momxseneblis yoveli gamosvlis Semdeg i wy eba da sami wuTis ganmavlobaSi grZeldeba. mesame momxseneblebi karl poperis saxelobis de-

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batebSi TamaSis Sejamebas axdenen da, Sesabamisa d, maT mimarT kiTxvebis dasma TamaSis msvlelobaze aRar moqmedebs. amitom, jvaredini dakiTxva mxolod pirveli oTxi moxsenebis Semdgom xorcieldeba. aRsaniSnavia, rom jvaredini dakiTxvis forma mxolod kiTxvapasuxisagan Sedgeba. TamaSis ganrigi winaswar gansazRvravs im modebateebs, romlebic monawileoben TiToeul jvaredin dakiTxvaSi. jvaredini dakiTxvis Sedegad miRebul sasurvel pasuxs aucileblad iyenebs yoveli Semdegi gamomsvleli. jvaredini dakiTxvis ZiriTadi principebi mdgomareobs SemdegSi: Tavidan aviciloT SekamaTeba; nu gavakeTebT daskvnebs; nu viCxubebT da SevinarCunoT simSvide. jvaredini dakiTxva kiTxvebi dasmis droa da ara SekamaTebis. Tqven cdilobT, moipovoT Tqvni gamosvlisaTvis saWiro informacia. amitom nu SeecdebiT es dro raime azris dasamtkiceblad gamoiyenoT. es, ubralod drois fuWi xarjvaa. amasTanave, jvaredini dakiTxvis erT-erTi ZiriTadi principi imaSi mdgomareobs, rom misi Sedegebis gamoyeneba aucileblad Semdeg gamosvlaSi unda iqnas gamoyenebuli, risi arSesrulebac did xarvezad iTvleba. amitom, rodesac respondentisagan sasurvel pasuxs miiRebT, nu gausvamT mas xazs da nu gaakeTebT daskvnas msajisaTvis. mTlianad debatebi, rogorc gunduri TamaSi, gamoirCeva modebateebis mxridan uaRresad zrdilobiani, taqtiani da mSvidi qceviT, rac moTamaSeTa TviTdarwmunebulobasa da organizebulobaze metyvelebs. am mxriv, gamonakliss arc jvaredini dakiTxva warmoadgens. Tqven gWirdebaT pasuxebi da am procesisaTvis gankuTvnili drois maqsimalurad gamoyenebas cdilobT, amitom nu miitanT `ieriSs~ oponentze da, Tu sasurvel pasuxs ver miiRebT, nu gamarTavT Cxubs. es dros dagakargvinebT da, garda amisa, uaryofiTad imoqmedebs Tqvens personalur qulebze. Tu saWiroa, jvaredini dakiTxvis garkveuli periodi unda moxmardes oponentTa argumentebisa da poziciis dadgenas. xSirad xdeba ise, rom modebateebi mTlianad ver adevneben Tvals erTmaneTis gamosvlebs da ver axerxeben yvelafris Caweras. amis gamosworeba SeiZleba martivi kiTxvebiT: `Tu SeiZleba gagvimeoreT Tqveni II argumenti~, an `dagvizusteT, Tu SeiZleba, rodis da sad moxda I argumentSi dasaxelebuli faqti~? jvaredin dakiTxvas, rogorc debatebis Semadgenel erT-erT ZiriTad nawils, uaryofis saqmeSi didi adgili uWiravs. uaryofis mTeli taqtika da misi Semdgomi ganviTareba swored jvaredin dakiTxvas emyareba, radganac is win uZRvis TiToeul gamosvlas. gundma

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winaswar icis, Tu romel mxares warimarTeba da ra saxis iqneba uaryofa. aqedan gamomdinare, swored jvaredini dakiTxvis dros SeiZleba imis gageba, daaxloebiT mainc, Tu rogori saxis jvaredini dakiTxva moaxdens ufro karg efeqts, gamomdinare iqidan, Tu risTvis ar arian oponentebi mzad. am dros SegviZlia Cven mier arCeuli uaryofis taqtikis susti mxareebis danaxva. amasTan erTad, kiTxvebis gamoyeneba Zalzed efeqturia imisaTvis, rom susti wertilebi movunaxoT oponentebis, erTi SexedviT, gaubaTilebel argumentebs. analogiuri kuTxiT SeiZleba jvaredini dakiTxvis gamoyeneba aRdgenis dros. jvaredini dakiTxvis dros miRebuli sasurveli pasuxebis gamoyeneba Zalzed efeqturia TamaSis analizis dros, radgan oponentTa gamonaTqvamebiT SejaxebebSi sakuTari gundis upiratesobebis damtkiceba damatebiT damarwmuneblobas sZens mosazrebebs.

jvaredini dakiTxvis formebi

saintereso ganxilvis sagania jvaredini dakiTxvis sxvadasxva meTodebi, romlebic xSirad gadamwyvet rols TamaSobs sasurveli pasuxis miRebaSi. amitom, SekiTxvebis dasmis strategiis kargad codnas modebateebisTvis didi mniSvneloba aqvs. imis gamo, rom modebate gundebma winaswar ician rezolucia da daaxloebiT mowinaaRmdegeTa argumentebic, SesaZlebeli xdeba zogierTi kiTxvis TamaSamde SemuSaveba. winaswar momzadebuli kiTxvebi SeiZleba or jgufad davyoT: sakuTari poziciis gasamyarebeli da oponentTa qeisis gasabaTilebeli. aqedan didi nawili swored sakuTari poziciis gansamtkicebel kiTxvebze modis, radgan TamaSamde mainc Znelia mowinaaRmdegeTa argumentebis gamocnoba. Tumca, sakuTari qeisi xSirad kontrargumentebis saxiTac moixmareba da amitom jvaredini dakiTxvis pasuxebiT maTi gamyareba oponentTa poziciaze Setevasac niSnavs. mowinaaRmdegis argumentebis winaswar arcodnis gamo, jvaredini dakiTxvis monawile modebateebs, uwevT daugegmavi kiTvxebis dasma, romelTa SemuSaveba uSualod TamaSis dros, mosamzadebeli drois ganmavlobaSi xdeba. swored, spontanuri kiTxvebiT aris SesaZlebeli mowinaaRmdege gundis Znelad gasabaTilebeli mosazrebebis dasusteba Semdegi uaryofis mizniT. jvaredini dakiTxvis dros, gacilebiT ufro efeqturia sasurveli Sedegis ara erTi, aramed, ramdenime kiTxviT miRweva. es sxvadasxva mizeziT aris gamowveuli. jer erTi, ase nabij-nabij Sedegis miRweva msajze did gavlenas axdens, radgan uCvenebs mas gundis momzadebis xarisxs. amis garda, asi SemTxvevidan asjer arasasurveli pasuxi miiReba, Tu SekiTxva

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pirdapir daismeba. xolo Tu miznis miRweva iwyeba TiTqosda ubralo, absoluturad umniSvnelo kiTxvebiT, oponenti verc ki gaigebs, ucbad ise aRmoCndeba CixSi da winaaRdegobaSi sakuTar poziciasTan. formalur debatebSi gvxvdeba ori saxis kiTxva: Ria, romelic oponentisagan raimes axsnas da aRweras moiTxovs; miznobrivi (daxuruli) anu faqtobrivi, romelic mxolod konkretuli pasuxis (diax an ara) gacemas gulisxmobs. Tu Ria kiTxva daismis, yovelTvis igulisxmeba, rom gamocdili modebate amas drois gasayvanad gamoiyenebs. xolo daxuruli kiTxvebis gamoyeneba SekiTxvebis damsmel spikers situaciis kontrolis karg saSualebas aZlevs.

savarjiSo #12 `rogor gamoviyenoT jvaredini dakiTxva~

1 etapi _ 10 wuTi savarjiSos pirvel etapze davyoT auditoria mcire jgufebad da davavaloT 10 wuTis ganmavlobaSi Cven mier winaswar momzadebul rezoluciasTan da argumentebTan mimarTebaSi SeimuSaon 5-5 kiTxva. warmogidgenT ramdenime nimuSs: mtkicebiTi pozicia
rezolucia: did qalaqSi cxovrebas patara sofelSi cxovreba sjobs kriteriumi: jansaRi sazogadoeba - didi qalaqi epidemiebis budea 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva

jvaredini dakiTxvis momzadeba

sofelSi ufro kargi ekologiuri mdgomareobaa

soflis mosaxleobas Soris naklebia depresiiT daavadebulTa ricxvi

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2 mtkicebiTi pozicia

jvaredini dakiTxvis momzadeba

rezolucia: televizia zianis momtania kriteriumi: janmrTeli momavali Taoba - televizori janmrTelobisaTvis mavnebelia 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva

- televizia xes uwyobs mozardebSi Zaladobis gaRvivebas

- televizia momaval Taobas pasiur cxovrebas aCvevs

mtkicebiTi pozicia rezolucia: saqarTveloSi Tormetwliani swavleba gamarTlebulia kriteriumi: srulfasovani pirovnebis Camoyalibeba - Tormetwliani swavleba xels uwyobs codnis ganmtkicebas

jvaredini dakiTxvis momzadeba

- Tormetwliani swavleba luri standartia

dasav-

1. kiTxva 2. kiTxva 3. kiTxva 4. kiTxva 5. kiTxva 6. kiTxva 7. kiTxva 8. kiTxva 9. kiTxva 10. kiTxva 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva kiTxva

- Tormetwliani swavleba xels uwyobs proforientacias

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2 etapi _ 15 wuTi savarjiSos meore etapze, TiToeuli gundi waradgens argumentebs da im 5 kiTxvas, romlebic TiToeul argumentTan dakavSirebiT moifiqra. danarCeni gundebis wevrebi ki Caiweren am kiTxvebs. amis Semdeg, gundebs kvlav miecemaT mosafiqrebeli dro 10 wuTi, raTa maT Seafason dasmuli kiTxvebi. 3 etapi _ 20 wuTi savarjiSos mesame etapze, TiToeuli gundi gaakeTebs komentars da daasabuTebs, ramdenad Rirebuli da adekvaturi iyo mowinaaRmdegeebis mier mofiqrebuli kiTxvebi rezoluciasTan da argumentebTan mimarTebaSi. TiToeuli gundis gamosvlis Semdeg debatebis mwvrTneli gaakeTebs mcire komentarebs.

XII gakveTili argumentaciis aRdgena

poziciis aRdgena _ 20 wT. pirdapiri aRdgena _ 15 wT. savarjiSo `pirdapiri aRdgena~ _ 70 wT.

poziciis aRdgena
karl poperis debatebSi uaryofasTan erTad modebate gundebis umniSvnelovanes amocanas warmoadgens poziciis aRdgena. Cvens saxelmZRvaneloSi gabaTilebis SemTxvevebs ZiriTadad uarmyofeli gundis magaliTebze ganvixilavT. axla aRdgenasTan dakavSirebiT, ZiriTadad, mtkicebiT poziciaze gveqneba saubari. mas Semdeg, rac dawvrilebiT ganvixileT uaryofis meTodebi da samizneebi, ufro gagviadvildeba aRdgenis damaxasiaTebel niSnebze saubari. aRdgena araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar unda gavigoT, rogorc axali argumentis Semotana. aRdgena unda movaxdinoT mxolod da mxolod pirveli momxseneblis mier warmodgenil argumentebTan mimarTebaSi. aRdgena aris sawyisi argumentebis gaRrmaveba logikuri msjelobiT da axali, kidev ufro Zlieri da damajerebeli faqtebis SemotaniT. aRdgenis dros mtkicebiTi gundi Tavidan ayalibebs sawyis arguments da aRrmavebs mas uaryofasTan mimarTebaSi. aRdgenis strategia damokidebulia uarmyofeli gundis mier wamoyenebul kontrargumentebze, logikur msjelobasa da kontrfaqtebze. mtkicebiTi gundi yuradRebiT unda usmendes da Canaweris saxiT afiqsirebdes yvela im ares, sadac moxda dapirispireba. Semdeg ki aRdgeniTi gamosvlis dros ganixilos yvela is punqti da are, razec

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moxda dapirispireba, e.w. Sejaxeba. termini Sejaxeba xSirad gvxvdeba debatebSi uaryofasa da aRdgenasTan mimarTebaSi. Sejaxeba debatebis ZiriTadi aspeqtia. gundebis TamaSic uaryofisa da aRdgenis dros swored azrTa uSualo dapirispirebebis warmoqmnas anu Sejaxebis areebis Seqmnas emsaxureba. rac ufro metia da mZafria Sejaxebis are TamaSis dros, miT ufro sainteresoa debati. axalbeda modebateebi aRdgenis mizans xSirad arasworad igeben da warmoudgeniaT, rom mtkicebiTi gundis warmomadgenelma mxolod da mxolod unda ganavrcos da gaamdidros axali faqtebiT ukve warmoTqmuli pozicia. aseTi midgoma mcdaria da msaji mas maRal Sefasebas ar miscems. warmatebulia mxolod is argumentebi, romlebic Tavidan aris Camoyalibebuli, ukve momxdari gabaTilebis Sinaarsidan gamomdinare. aRdgenis formula Semdegi saxiT SegviZlia warmovadginoT: uaryofis uaryofa gabaTilebis gabaTileba aqedan gamomdinare, aRdgena arc ise rTuli procesia. debatebis mwvrTnelma kargad unda auxsnas Tavis moswavleebs, rom TamaSis dros modebateebma unda daamtkicon yovelive imis mcdaroba, rac iTqva maTi argumentis gabaTilebis dros.

pirdapiri aRdgena
pirdapiri aRdgena pirdapiri uaryofis analogiuria da rogorc wesi, am saxis gabaTilebis sawinaaRmdegod gamoiyeneba. Tumca, aq erTi gansxvaveba mainc aris. mtkicebiT mxares uwevs aramarto Tavisi argumentebis aRdgena, aramed, uarmyofeli gundis mier wamoyenebuli argumentebis uaryofac. mtkicebiTi mxaris TamaSis strategia mimarTulia rogorc sakuTari poziciis sruli aRdgenisaken, aseve uarmyofeli gundis argumentebis sruli gabaTilebisaken. mtkicebiTi mxaris gundis gamosvla xSirad iwyeba sityvebiT _ `Cvenma oponentebma ver gaiges Cveni argumentis arsi~, an `oponentebma Cveni argumentis sruliad sxva interpretacia warmoadgines, rac ar Seefereba simarTles~, an `oponentebma kargad ver moismines Cveni argumentis ZiriTadi xazi da arasworad gaiges is~. es frazebi swored pirdapiri aRdgenis dros gamoiyeneba. imisaTvis, rom aviTvisoT pirdapiri aRdgenis teqnika, warmogidgenT savarjiSos:

savarjiSo # 13 `pirdapiri aRdgena~

1 etapi _ 30 wuTi savarjiSos pirvel etapze davyoT auditoria 6 jgufad da davurigoT sqema 5-is ganviTarebuli varianti, sadac warmodgenilia

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sadebato rezoluciis damamtkicebeli 3 argumenti da maTi Sesabamisi 5-5 kontrargumenti. davavaloT gundebs, 30 wuTis ganmavlobaSi aRadginon samive argumenti, sqemaze mocemuli uarmyofeli kontrargumentebidan gamomdinare. sqema 11.
1 argumenti _ did qalaqSi viRebT ufro karg ganaTlebas. kontrargumentebi kontrargumenti _ patara soflis skolebSi ufro mcirericxovani klasebia, amitom maswavlebels aqvs saSualeba, individualurad miudges moswavleebs. kontrargumenti _ sofelSi sabunebismetyvelo sagnebis swavleba gaadvilebulia, vinaidan sofelSi mcxovreb moswavleebs uSualo Sexeba aqvs bunebasTan. soflebSi sSualo skolebSi swavlis xarisxi maRalia, razec metyvelebs moswavleTa Sedegebi konkursebsa da misaReb gamocdebze. soflis macxovreblis ganaTlebis miReba xdeba mizanmimarTulad soflis meurneobisa da veterenaruli mimarTulebiT da harmoniaSia mis cxovrebasTan. soflis macxovrebels SeuZlia umaRlesi ganaTleba miiRos qalaqSi, xolo icxovros sofelSi. Tanamedrove teqnologiebi iZleva distanciuri ganaTlebis saSualebas. argumentis aRdgena

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

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2 argumenti _ did qalaqSi adamianis janmrTeloba ufro daculia, vinaidan samedicino momsaxureba ufro kvalificiuria. kontrargumentebi argumentis aRdgena

kontrargumenti _ patara sofelSi ufro jansaRia ekologiuri garemo. mosaxleoba sufTa haers sunTqavs da naturaluri produqtiT ikvebeba. amitomac adamianTa janmrTeloba ufro metad aris daculi, vidre didi qalaqebis mosaxleobis janmrTeloba. didi qalaqebis macxovreblebi ufro metad arian epidemiebis gavrcelebis safrTxis qveS.

kontrargumenti _ sofelSi adamiani axlosaa bunebasTan da naklebia stresuli situaciebi, amitomac adamianTa janmrTeloba ufro daculia.

soflebSi aris ambulatoriebi, sadac kvalificiur eqimebs SeuZliaT gauwion avadmyofebs saWiro pirveladi samedicino daxmareba.

soflis macxovreblebma qalaqebis macxovreblebTan SedarebiT metad ician aratradiciuli mkurnalobis meTodebis gamoyeneba. balaxeulobiT da naturaluri produqtebiT mkurnalobis meTodebs tradiciuli medicinac aqtiurad iyenebs. soflis macxovrebels SeuZlia janmrTelobis gauaresebis SemTxvevaSi gaemgzavros qalaqSi samkurnalod.

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3 argumenti _ didi qalaqebi rogorc teqnikuri, aseve, kulturuli ganviTarebis centrebia. adamianebs meti saSualeba aqvT, monawileoba miiRon kulturul da sazogadoebriv RonisZiebebSi. kontrargumentebi kontrargumenti _ patara soflebSi ganviTarebulia gamoyenebiTi xelovnebis dargebi: rewva, qsova, gobeleni Teqa, rac kulturuli memkvidreobis SenarCunebas uwyobs xels. kontrargumenti _ qarTuli literaturis Sedevrebi umTavresad patara soflebSi aris Seqmnili. sofelSi ganviTarda da SenarCunda xalxuri zepirsityviereba da poezia, aseve xalxuri folklori. sofelSi tardeba cnobili Teatraluri dasebis gastrolebi, aseve koncertebi da festivalebi. ase rom, soflis mosaxleobasac aqvs saSualeba monawileoba miiRos kulturul da sazogadoebriv RoniZiebebSi, Tanamedrove sainformacio saSualebebidan ki soflis mosaxleobas SeuZlia Tvalyuri adevnos msoflio kulturul miRwevebs. turizmis ganviTarebis TvalsazrisiT _ sofels meti saSualebebi aqvs vidre qalaqs. amitom kuTxisTvis damaxasiaTebeli kolorituli xelobebi aramarto mimzidvels xdis sofels, aramed erovnuli kulturis ganviTarebis pirobasac warmoadgens. argumentis aRdgena

2 etapi _ 20 wuTi savarjiSos meore etapze, yvela gundis erTi warmomadgeneli gamova 5 wuTiani moxsenebiT, sadac waradgens gundis mier mofiqrebul pozicias da aRadgens mocemul argumentebs. 3 etapi 20 _ wuTi savarjiSos mesame etapze debatebis mwvrTneli sakuTari Canawerebis safuZvelze gaakeTebs komentarebs. mwvrTneli Seafasebs or punqts: 1. aRadgines Tu ara gundebma samive argumenti? ( Seexnen Tu ara xuTive kontrarguments) 2. ramdenad logikuri iyo aRdgena da Sinaarsobrivad exmianeboda Tu ara kontrargumentebs.

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momxsenebelTa pasuxismgeblobebi
XIII gakveTili
I mtkicebiTi, I uarmyofeli da II mtkicebiTi momxseneblebis gamosvlebi _ 20 wT. II uarmyofeli, III mtkicebiTi da III uamryofeli momxseneblebis gamosvla _ 20 wT.

I mtkicebiTi, I uarmyofeli da II mtkicebiTi momxseneblebis gamosvlebi

karl poperis debatebSi gamarjvebisaTvis mniSvneloba aqvs aramarto imas, Tu ramdenad kargi pozicia moamzada ama Tu im gundma, aramed imasac, Tu rogor SeZlo man am poziciis Camoyalibeba da dacva mowinaaRmdegis qeisis uaryofis fonze. ar unda dagvaviwydes, rom debatebi gunduri TamaSia. amitom gundis TiToeul wevrs garkveuli pasuxismgebloba akisria, rac gamoixateba imaSi, rom igi mkacrad gansazRvrul funqciebs asrulebs, romelTa Seusruleblobas an arevas, rogorc wesi, gundi damarcxebisaken mihyavs. I mtkicebiTi momxseneblis gamosvla mniSvnelovania, radgan am dros unda moxdes mtkicebiTi gundis mier momzadebuli poziciis saTanado doneze wardgena. I uarmyofeli momxsenebeli pirveli warmoadgens uarmyofeli gundis gabaTilebas da, agreTve, sakuTar argumentacias. II mtkicebiTi momxseneblis gamosvlaSi ZiriTadi datvirTva sakuTari qeisis dacvasa da gamravalferovnebaze modis, magram man, aseve, ar unda daiviwyos uarmyofeli gundis poziciis gabaTileba.

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Canaweris furclis nimuSi:

1 mtkicebiTi (6 wT) rezoluciaze Tanxmoba; rezoluciis terminebis gansazRvra (definiciebi); miznis dasaxva (kriteriumi); mtkicebiTi poziciis Camoyalibeba: I argumenti: (gavrcoba) II argumenti: (gavrcoba) III argumenti: (gavrcoba) daskvna. 1 uarmyofeli (6 wT) uaryofa dasturi an alternatiulis SeTavazeba Tanxmoba an uaryofa 2 mtkicebiTi (5 wT) Tanxmoba, poziciis Tavidan dadastureba, alternetiulis uaryofa, sakuTaris dadastureba

aRdgena, Tavidan mtkicebiT poziciasTan damtkiceba dapirispireba: mtkicebiTi poziciis uaryofa aRdgena, gamyareba: uaryofa uaryofa uarmyofeli poziciis Camoyalibeba: alternatiuli miznis dasaxva (uaryofis SemTxvevaSi); I argumenti: (gavrcoba) II argumenti: (gavrcoba) jvaredini dakiTxvis gamoyeneba daskvna aRdgena, gavrcoba, uaryofilis uaryofa, damamtkicebeli masala. aRdgena, gavrcoba, uaryofilis uaryofa, damamtkicebeli masala. aRdgena, gavrcoba, uaryofilis uaryofa, damamtkicebeli masala. jvaredini dakiTxvis gamoyeneba. poziciis uaryofa uaryofa, gabaTileba uaryofa

uaryofa

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II uarmyofeli, III mtkicebiTi da III uarmyofeli momxseneblebis gamosvla

II uarmyofeli momxseneblis gamosvla Zalzed mniSvnelovania, radgan am dros mTavrdeba kamaTi karl poperis debatebSi, sadac unda gamoCndes uarmyofeli gundis upiratesoba. III mtkicebiTi gamomsvlelis moxseneba TamaSSi pirveli analiziTaa gamorCeuli, romelSic, ra Tqma unda, mtkicebiTi gundis gamarjveba unda iqnas dasabuTebuli Sejaxebebis warmodgenisa da maTi detaluri ganxilvis gziT. III uarmyofeli momxsenebeli unda daupirispirdes winamorbedi gamomsvlelis analizs da unda daamtkicos sakuTari gundis udavo upiratesoba.

Canaweris furclis nimuSi:

2 uarmyofeli (5wT) dapirispireba alternatiuli definiciebis sabolood garkveva dapirispireba an Tanxmoba 3 mtkicebiTi (5wT) rezoluciaze Tanxmoba; mtkicebiTi kriteriumis Rirebulebis damtkiceba Sejaxebebis warmodgena da ganxilva 3 uarmyofeli (5wT) rezoluciis uaryofa uarmyofeli kriteriumis Rirebulebis damtkiceba. dapirispireba, damatebiTi Sejaxebebis warmodgena da ganxilva uarmyofeli poziciis upiratesobis Cveneba argumentebis awon-dawonva damamtkicebeli faqtebis awon-dawonva da maTi Sedareba mtkicebiTis faqtebTan TiToeuli argumentis gabaTilebis damtkiceba jvaredini dakiTxvis ganxilva, misi efeqturad gamoyenebis Cveneba TiToeuli argumentis upiratesobis axsna poziciis damadasturebeli faqtebis moyvana saboloo daskvna

mtkicebiTi poziciis Tavidan gabaTileba: mtkicebiTi poziciis upiratesobis Cveneba: uaryofa, faqtebis uaryofa, alargumentebis awon-dawonva ternatiulis moyvana uaryofa, damamtkicebeli faqtebis faqtebis uaryofa, alawon-dawonva da maTi ternatiulis moyvana Sedareba uarmyofelis uaryofa, faqtebTan faqtebis uaryofa, alternatiulis moyvana TiToeuli argumentis jvaredini dakiTxvis gamo- upiratesobis axsna yeneba jvaredini dakiTxvis poziciis aRdgena ganxilva, misi efeqturad gamoyenebis Cveneba miznis Tavidan damtkiceba, aRdgena TiToeuli argumentis gabaTilebis damtkiceba aRdgena, gavrcoba, damamtkicebeli masala aRdgena, gavrcoba, damamtkicebeli masala poziciis damadasturebeli faqtebis moyvana saboloo daskvna

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OI mtk.

I uarmy.

II mtk.

II uarmy.

III mtk.

III uarmy.

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yvela cnobil adamians da saxelmwifo moRvawes gaaCnia Tmenis valdebuleba sazogadoebis interesis winaSe. sasamarTloTi zaralis anazRaureba ki miRebuli praqtikaa zedmetad realuri Zaladobis scenebi mediiT ar gadaicema xSirad. mediis yvela saSualebas gaaCnia TviTredaqtirebis rgoli, rac uzrunvelyofs msgavsi informaciis an filmebis SezRudulad an iseT dros Cvenebas, roca bavSvebi mas ver uyureben aq ar aris saubari yvela funqciaze. informaciis kontroli Zalzed mniSvnelovani da saTuTi sakiTxia. mTavroba ar unda wyvetdes xalxis magivrad, ra doziT unda miewodos xalxs informacia da simarTle

rezolucia: ar veTanxme- rezolucia: masmediis bi, rom _ masmediis cen- cenzura gamarTlebulia zura gamarTlebulia veTanxmebiTY

veTanxmebiT

rezolucia: masmediis cenzura gamarTlebulia deifiniciebi: masmedia _ masobrivi sainformacio saSualebebi: radio, televizia, presa cenzura _ saxelmwifo kontroli gamarTlebulia _ misaRebia, Sedegiania kr. _ sazogadoebis keTildReoba I arg. cenzura ebrZvis ciliswamebis gavrcelebas (sensaciis povnis gamo mediiT xSirad vrceldeba cilismwamebluri informacia, rac arRvevs adamianis uflebebs. amas sWirdeba saxelmwifo kontroli) II arg. cenzura Zaladobis mozardebSi gavrcelebas zRudavs (masmediis saSualebiT vrceldeba Zaladobis Sesaxeb informacia: filmebi, yoveldRiuri informacia. es mavne zegavlenas axdens mozardebis formirebaze. amitom es procesi unda iyos kontrolirebadi cenzuris saSualebiT. )

veTanxmebiT

pirad cxovrebaSi Carevis ufleba aravis aqvs. amas arc Cveni gundi uaryofs. magram ciliswameba ar niSnavs pirad cxovrebaSi Carevas. es an Segnebuli an uneblie damaxinjebaa informaciis. amis garda, pirad cxovrebas icavs da ciliswamebisagan dacvas uzrunvelhofs kanoni. amisaTvis ar aris saWiro cenzuris arseboba. rodesac ar arsebobs saWiroeba, ar unda iqnas SemoRebuli kontrolis damatebiTi meqanizmebi. dacvisaTvis ukve arsebobs kanonebi da sasamarTlo I Sejaxeba: sensaciebi televiziaSi sensaciis povnis gamo mediiT xSirad vrceldeba cilismwamebluri informacia. am ideas Cveni oponentebi pasuxoben im mTavari mosazrebiT, rom yvelaferi unda iyos cnobili, arsebobs Tmenis valdebuleba da sasamarTloSi SeiZleba uflebebis dacva. amaze pasuxi martivia _ pirad cxovrebaSi Caurevloba garantirebulia da Tmenis valdebuleba arafer SuaSia. sasamarTlo ki icavs ukve darRveul uflebebs. ratom migvyavs aqamde saqme? II Sejaxeba: Zaladobis gavlena mediiT gavrcelebul Zaladobas verc skola, verc mSoblebi da verc mediis redaqtorebi ver uSvelian. maTi raodenoba unda SeizRudos, raTa ar moxdes mavne gavlena. realobas ki veravin gaeqceva da misTvis aseTi saxiT Semzadeba uaresia III Sejaxeba: sityvis Tavisuflebis SezRudva araswori informacia sazianoa. amitom xalxis sakeTildReod informaciis kontrolic mizanSewonilia mTavrobis mier. borotad gamoyeneba ki yvelafris SeiZleba Zaladobis ZiriTadi gamomwvevi mizezi socialuri pirobebidan gamomdinareobs da ara mozardebis mier masmediiT gavrcelebuli Zaladobis scenebis yurebidan. momavali borotmoqmedebi xom ZiriTadad dabali socialuri fenebidan gamodian rodesac saubaria xelisuflebis uzurpaciaze da imaze, rom borotad gamoyeneba yvelafris SeiZleba, Cven yvelaferi unda gavakeToT, rom mTavrobas kontrolis naklebi saSualeba mivceT

veTanxmebiT, magram sxva gzebiT mivalT am miznamde pirad cxovrebaSi Caurevloba garantirebumosaxleobas aqvs ufle- lia adamianis uflebaTa ba, hqondes amomwuravi sayovelTao deklaraciinformacia nebismieri iT. sasamarTlo procesi aqtualuri sakiTxis ki ver aanazRaurebs ukve garSemo. ciliswamebis miyenebyul zians sakiTxi ki sasamarTlo daviT unda gadawydes Zaladobis scenebi xSirad zedmetad realuZaladobis scenebi re- ria, rac uaryofiT aluri cxovrebidanaa gavlenas axdens mozaraRebuli, rac pata- debis fsiqikaze. mSorebmac unda icodnen. bels da skolas ar aqvs amis garda, bavSvebi mudmivi kontrolis saunda gaakontrolon Sualeba. gansakuTrebiT mSoblebma da skolam dabali socialuri feaRzrdiTa da swavlebiT. nis ojaxebSi kontrolis akrZalva uares Sedegs meqanizmi sustia iZleva saxelmwifos funqcia swored qveyanaSi mimdiI arg. masmediis cen- nare procesebis marTva zura xelisuflebis da kontrolia. Tu am uzurpacias uwyobs logikas davujerebT, xels (saxelmwifos mier maSin saxelmwifos araganxorcielebuli nebi- fris kontroli ar unda smieri kontroli qmnis davutovoT, imitom rom misi borotad gamoyene- SeiZleba borotad gabis saSiSroebas. infor- moiyenos maciis regulireba ki yvelaze saSiSia)

Cven mier warmodgenili sqemebi naTlad gviCvenebs momxseneblebis miznebsa da funqciebs debatebis procesSi. am sqemebze dayrdnobiT CavataroT debatebis TamaSi nebismier rezoluciaze, romelic Cveni moswavleebisaTvis iqneba saintereso. debatis dros yvela monawiles da moswavle msajebs debatebis mwvrTneli daurigebs Canawerebis carieli furcels ( eqvs nawilad, svetad gayofili grafa) da daavalebs monawileebs da moswavlemsajebs zedmiwevniT Caiweron yvela gamomsvlelis sityva saTanado grafaSi. TamaSis dasrulebisas mwvrTneli gamoarTmevs Canawerebis furclebs moswavleebs da ganixilavs TamaSs sakuTari da moswavleebis Canawerebis safuZvelze. debatebis mwvrTnelma unda auxsnas monawileebs, rom Canaweris gareSe SeuZlebelia warmatebulad TamaSi. ubadlo niWisa da mexsierebis mqone adamiansac Zalian gauWirdeba erTsaaTiani debatis msvlelobisas daimaxsovros yvela argumenti, yvela ZiriTadi azri, logikuri msjelobis jaWvis komponentebi, kiTxva-pasuxebi, faqtebi da citatebi. debatebSi ki mogeba SeuZlebelia oponentis qeisze zusti reagirebis gareSe. garda amisa, yovelTvis SeiZleba daeWvebul oponents misive warmoTqmuli uzustobisa Tu Secdomis sityvasityviT citireba. aseTi gamosvla msajze uTuod efeqts moaxdens.

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msajoba
karl poperis debatebi TamaSia, romelsac hyavs gamarjvebuli da damarcxebuli mxare. am TamaSis beds ki msaji wyvets. nebismieri saxis formaluri kamaTisas msajs konkretuli funqciebi akisria da, aqedan gamomdinare, misi `qcevac~ TamaSis msvlelobis dros da misi dasrulebis Semdeg, winaswar gansazRvrulia. msajis funqciebi: debatebis msajs Semdegi movaleobebi ekisreba: gamarjvebulis gamovlena biuletenis Sevseba Canaweris gakeTeba TamaSis ganxilva da individualuri komentarebi gakeTeba TamaSis wayvana da drois daniSvna karl poperis debatebSi gadawyvetilebas msajebi erTmaneTisagan damoukideblad da SeuTanxmeblad iReben. imis gamo, rom aRniSnul TamaSSi fre gamoricxulia, debatebs yovelTvis kenti raodenobis msaji sjis. mniSvnelovania gvaxsovdes, rom debatebis TamaSis garSemo gadawyvetilebis misaRebad ar arsebobs erTaderTi da swori gza. aqedan gamomdinare, TiToeuli msaji, rogorc wesi, SeimuSavebs raundis Sefasebisa da gamarjvebulis gamovlenis sakuTar meTodebs. miuxedavad amisa, gadawyvetilebis miRebisas msajma Semdegi kriteriumebiT unda ixelmZRvanelos: logikuri msjeloba argumentacia analizebi efeqturi prezentacia uaryofa da aRdgena organizebuloba damamtkicebeli masala gunduri TamaSi spikerTa movaleobebis Sesruleba iumori wesebis dacva mniSvnelovania, rom TamaSis bedis gadawyvetisas nebismierma msajma zemoT CamoTvlili kriteriumebi mTlianobaSi da kompleqsurad gamoiyenos. Tumca, miuxedavad imisa, rom gadawyvetilebaze yvelaferi moqmedebs, magaliTad momzadebuli argumentebis done, Zlieri faqtebi, spikerTa mier oratoruli unarebis gamoyeneba, gunduri TamaSi, drois swori organizacia, gamosvlebis naTeli

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struqtureba, dapirispireba oponentTa mosazrebebze, _ logikur msjelobasa da wesebis dacvas karl poperis debatebis TamaSSi gamarjvebulis gamovlenisas mTavari adgili ukavia. radgan swored es ori komponenti gvevlineba yvela zemoT CamoTvlili kriteriumis garkveul gamaerTianeblad. unda gvaxsovdes, rom rac ar unda Zneli iyos msajisaTvis gadawyvetilebis miReba ama Tu im TamaSis Sesaxeb, igi aucileblad darwmunebuli unda iyos Tavis arCevanSi. gamarjvebulis gamovlenasTan erTad, debatebis msajs TamaSis biuletenis Sevsebac moeTxoveba. debatebSi monawileebisa da maTi mwvrTnelebisaTvis aRniSnuli biuleteni mniSvnelovan, dokumentia. sworad Sevsebuli biuleteni unda Seicavdes gadawyvetilebis miRebis mTavar mizezebsa da, amasTanave, konstruqciul kritikas. gamomdinare iqidan, rom es oficialuri dokumentia, biuletenis Sevsebisas aucilebelia Sesabamis grafebSi mieTiTos raundis Catarebis TariRi, dro da adgili, raundis nomeri, monawile gundebis kodebi, Sesabamisad, marcxniv mtkicebiTi da marjvniv _ uarmyofeli gundebis moTamaSeTa saxelebi da gvarebi. TiToeuli modebatis TamaSis ganxilvisas mxedvelobaSi unda miviRoT Sefasebis oTxi mTavari kategoria da Sesabamisi aRniSvnebi gavakeToT biuletenSi: organizacia: aq mniSvneloba eniWeba gmomsvlelis mier warmodgneli poziciis struqturas, Tu ramdenad organizebuli, dalagebuli, droSi gaTvlili da advilad gasagebia misi gamosvla. argumentacia: aq ganmsazRvrelia modebatis unari _ gaabaTilos mowinaaRdegis argumentebi da gaamyaros sakuTari pozicia; yovelive es gaakeTos mkafiod da gviCvenos, rom dasmuli sakiTxi mas kargad esmis. damamtkicebeli masala _ aq mTavaria, mocemuli spikeris funqciis gaTvaliswinebiT, moTamaSis mier ramdenad srulad iqna warmodgenili damamtkicebeli masalis sabuTebi da ganmartebebi da ramdenad asabuTeben isini argumentebs. prezentacia: aq mniSvnelovania spikeris oratoruli unarebi, anu mis mier sityvis warmoTqmis teqnika, stili, gamosvlis efeqturoba, dinamiuroba da damajerebloba. amasTan erTad, biuletenSi iwereba modebateebis individiualuri qulebi da rangebi, rac Sefasebis mniSvnelovan nawils warmoadgens. es Sefasebebi absoluturad piradulia, radgan SeiZleba garkveulma gundma Zalzed cudad iTamaSos mTlianobaSi, magram amave gundis erTerTi momxsnebeli kargad gamovides da Seasrulos Tavisi funqciebi. karl poperis debatebSi TiToeul modebates eniWeba konkretuli rangi

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konkretul TamaSSi, rac niSnavs ama Tu im raundSi maT adgils TamaSis monawile sxva xuT spikerTan SedarebiT. ama Tu im debatebSi saukeTeso momxsenebels ewereba pirveli rangi, xolo uaress _ meeqvse. rangebis damTxveva, qulebisagan gansxvavebiT, ar SeiZleba. qulebi, romelTa diapazoni erTidan aTamdea, iwereba Semdegi principiT: 1 qula _ saSineli gamosvla. aseTi Sefaseba ekuTvnis mas, vinc saubrobs gaugebrad da ganzrax uxeSad an Seuracxmyofelad. 2 qula _ Zalian susti gamosvla. gamomsvlels uZneldeba dacva da azris gamoxatva. gamosvla gankuTvnil droze adre damTavrda. 3 qula _ susti gamosvla, aradamajerebeli msjeloba. momxsenebeli dabneulia da saubrobs araorganizebulad. gamosvla gankuTvnil droze adre damTavrda. ver upirispirdeba mowinaaRmdegis pozicias. 4 qula _ saSualoze susti gamosvla. momxsenebeli srulyofilad ver upirispirdeba mowinaaRmdegis pozicias, gaugebrad ayalibebs Tavis pozicias, ver aCvenebs kavSirebs rgolebs Soris. 5 qula _ saSualo gamosvla. normaluri prezentacia. argumentacia aradamakmayofilebeli. momxsenebeli masze dakisrebul movaleobas arTmevs Tavs. upirispirdeba mowinaaRmdegis pozicias, magram zedapirulad da akeTebs araorganizebul analizs. 6 qula _ saSualoze kargi gamosvla. normaluri analizi. momxsenebeli kargad erkveva debatebis teqnikaSi, magram argumentacia ar aris damajerebeli. 7 qula _ kargi gamosvla. argumentacia damakmayofilebeli. momxsenebeli srulad iyenebs dros, aklia damajerebloba. 8 qula _ Zalian kargi gamosvla. damajerebeli argumentacia. analizi, prezentacia da uaryofa kargi. 9 qula _ SesaniSnavi gamosvla. efeqturi prezentacia. 10 qula _ brwyinvale gamosvla. momxsenebeli yvela sferoSi SesaniSnavia. unaklo prezentacia. turniris erT-erTi saukeTeso gamosvla. biuletenis cariel grafebSi unda mieTiTos im mizezTa ganmarteba, rac mogebis an wagebis sababi gaxda. aseve aucilebelia raundis Sesaxeb kritikuli SeniSvnebis Cawera, Sejaxebebis maTavari momentebis gamoyofa, im areebis miTiTeba, romlebic saWiroeben gaumjobesebas. sruli biuletenisaTvis aucilebelia amomwuravi SeniSvnebi gundebis mier samuSaos Sesrulebaze da aseve individualuri komentarebi TiToeuli monawilis gamosvlis Taobaze. gamarjvebuli gundis saxelsa da kods msaji biuletenis boloSi miuTiTebs da dokumentis sinamdviles adasturebs sakuTari xelmoweriTa da kodiT.

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msajis biuleteni
raundis # __ TariRi ___ dro ___ oTaxi ___

gTxovT, srulyofilad SeavsoT biuleteni: spikeris qulebi, ranJireba, individualuri SeniSvnebi, gadawyvetilebebi, monacemebi. gTxovT, CaabaroT biuleteni Semdegi raundis dawyebamde. kategoriebi ar fasdeba qulebiT, xolo spikeris maqsimaluri qula aris 10.
1m 2m 3m
saxeli da gvari S f k d c S f k d c S f k d c kodi organizacia argumentacia monacemebi wardgena S f k d c S f k d c S f k d c

1u

2u

3u

_____
_____

______ _______ ______ _______

sul

__________

______ ______ ______ _____

rangi _______

spikers mianiWeT qulebi argumentaciis, dacvis da wardgenis unaris mixedviT: kodi: S = SesaniSnavi f = friadi k = kargi d = damakmayofilebeli c = cudi rangi: 1-6, 1 = umaRlesi Tanabari rangi da gadawyvetileba miuRebelia mtkicebiTi: individualuri SeniSvnebi uaryofiTi: individualuri SeniSvnebi

daaxasiaTeT Sejaxebis ZiriTadi areebi da warmoadgineT Tqveni gadawyvetilebis safuZveli

saukeTesod debatebs gauZRva _________________ mxare, kodi _____________ .

(mtkicebiTi an uaryofiTi)

msajis xelmowera da kodi: ____________________________________________.

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imisaTvis, rom msajma gadawyvetileba obieqturi Sefasebis safuZvelze miiRos, man TamaSis mimdinareoba detalurad unda daafiqsiros, ris saSualebasac iZleva debatebis specialuri Canaweris forma (6 svetad dayofili furceli, sadac TiToeuli sveti TiToeuli spikeris gamosvlas eTmoba), romlis Sevsebac xdeba raundis mimdinareobisas. kargad gakeTebuli Canaweri msajs exmareba Tvali miadevnos mTeli TamaSis msvlelobas, gahyves argumentaciis xazs bolomde, Seafasos yvela gamotovebuli faqti, magaliTi Tu argumenti, erTi sityviT, daxatos debatebis amsaxveli suraTi. rogorc wesi, im dros, rodesac gundebi erTmaneTs ekamaTebian, msaji Tavdaxrili wers yvelafers, rasac gaigebs. debatebis msaji aramarto kargi arbitri da Semfasebeli, aramed kargi maswavlebelic unda iyos, radgan misi funqcia gadawyvetilebis miRebasTan erTad, modebateebis ganaTlebacaa. TamaSis damTavrebis Semdeg msaji akeTebs sityvier komentars, romlis drosac man unda moaxdinos pirvel rigSi momxseneblTa gamosvlebis Sesaxeb individualuri ganxilva da Semdeg mTeli TamaSis analizi, sadac warmoadgens sakuTari gadawyvetilebis safuZvlebsac. komentari ar aris Tavis gamarTleba msajis mxridan. aq xdeba ubralo mimoxilva. gaiTvaliswineT, rom komentarebi umjobesia gaakeToT pozitiur momentebze xazgasmiT. moerideT mxolod SeniSvnebisa da kritikis gamoyenebas. msajoba advili araa, magram igi SesaZleblobas gaZlevT, dadebiTi zegavlena moaxdinoT mozardebis cxovrebaze. kargad argumentirebuli analizi exmareba maT Secdomebis gamosworebaSi da im SemTxvevaSi, Tu Tqven mogiwiaT erTi da imave gundis msajoba zedized ramdenjerme, aucileblad gaamaxvileT yuradReba Tqveni komentaris Sedegad momxdar pozitiur Zvrebze. msajis movaleobaa debatebis TamaSis sworad warmarTva. igi unda miesalmos moTamaSeebs, Seuqmnas maT komforti, Sejibris dawyebamde Semowmos debatebisaTvis gankuTvnili oTaxi; Seamowmos, aqvs Tu ara mas biuleteni, Canaweris furceli da wamzomi drois dasaniSnad. raundis damTavrebisTanave msajma modebateebs unda mosTxovos oTaxis datoveba, xolo biuletenis Sevsebisa da gadawyvetilebis gamotanis Semdeg modebateebTan erTad unda ganixilos TamaSis msvleloba da bolos, gulmodgined da detalurad Sevsebuli biuleteni Caabaros turniris organizoatorebs. imis gamo, rom karl poperis debtebis Semadgenel nawilebs (momxsnebelTa gamosvlebi, jvaredini dakiTxvebi, mosamzadebeli dro) gansazRvruli dro aqvs, TamaSSi saWiroa, rom vinmem dro dainiSno, risi gakeTebac SeiZleba msajsac mouwios. am dros man yoveli gamos-

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vlis, jvaredini dakiTxvis Tu mosamzadebeli drois gamoyeneba unda daafiqsiros da, agreTve, darCenili dro unda aCvenos modebateebs. es damatebiT koncentracias moiTxovos, Tumca, gamocdil msajebs drois aRmricxvelis funqciis Sesruleba ar uWirT. rogori unda iyos msaji? masze dakisrebuli funqciebidan gamomdinare, debatebis msaji Semdeg kriteriumebs unda akmayofilebdes: miukerZoebeli wesebis mcodne kargi msmeneli kargi maswavlebeli debatebis msajma TamaSis dawyebis win unda daiviwyos sakamaTo TemasTan mimarTebaSi sakuTari pozicis Sesaxeb. igi unda iyos e.w. carieli furceli, gaTavisuflebuli yovelgvari subieqturi mosazrebisagan. man ama Tu im gundisaTvis xmis micemis procedura ar unda gamoiyenos sakuTari Sexedulebis sademonstraciod. amasTanave, msajma zedmiwevniT srulyofilad unda icodes TiToeuli gundisa da spikeris movaleobebi. kargi mosmena niSnavs kargi Canaweris gakeTebas, rac mniSvnelovania obieqturi gadawyvetilebis misaRebad. msajis mier ki TamaSis bolos gakeTebuli komentarebi unda iyos mowodebuli modebate bavSvebis ganaTlebisaken.

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msajis biuleteni
raundis # _2_ TariRi _12.10.2003__ dro _13.20__ oTaxi _17__

gTxovT, srulyofilad SeavsoT biuleteni: spikeris qulebi, ranJireba, individualuri SeniSvnebi, gadawyvetilebebi, monacemebi. gTxovT, CaabaroT biuleteni Semdegi raundis dawyebamde. kategoriebi ar fasdeba qulebiT, xolo spikeris maqsimaluri qula aris 10.
1m 2m 3m
saxeli da gvari kodi organizacia argumentacia monacemebi wardgena X

1u
gvanca Wanturia

2u
Temo fxakaZe

3u
Tea ZnelaZe

giorgi gafrinrezo maisuraZe Tamar wereTeli daSvili S f k d X X X X X c S f k d c S f k d c X X X X X X X

S f k d c S f k d c S f k d c X X X X X X X X X X X

___6__ ___5__

___7____ ___3____

___8___ ___1__

sul rangi

___7___ __4___

___7___ __2____

___5___ __6___

spikers mianiWeT qulebi argumentaciis, dacvis da wardgenis unaris mixedviT: kodi: S = SesaniSnavi f = friadi k = kargi d = damakmayofilebeli c = cudi rangi: 1-6, 1 = umaRlesi Tanabari rangi da gadawyvetileba miuRebelia

90

mtkicebiTi: individualuri SeniSvnebi I spikeri mwiri damamtkicebeli masala. prezentacia ar hqonda kargi. xSiri pauzebi saubarSi II spikeri mwiri damamtkicebeli masalebi. Zalzed zogadi msjeloba III spikeri kargi analizi, Tumca, naklebad axdenda apelirebas sakuTar gundelebze daaxasiaTeT Sejaxebis ZiriTadi areebi da warmoadgineT Tqveni gadawyvetilebis safuZveli TamaSi Zalzed daZabulad da sainteresod warimarTa. TiToeuli gundis wevri Tavis funqcias saTanadod asrulebda. mesame spikerebis gamosvlebamde arc erTi gundis upiratesoba ar gamovlenila. Sejaxebebi ki Semdegi sakiTxebis garSemo moxda: - sensaciebi televiziaSi - Zaladoba masmediaSi da misi gavlena sazogadoebaze - sityvis Tavisuflebis SezRudva mTavrobis mier SejaxebebSi upiratesoba moipova mtkicebiTma gundma, radgan mesame mtkicebiTma spikerma SeZlo yvela Sejaxebis saTanadod warmoCena da sakuTari gundis upiratesobebis xazgasma. mesame uarmyofelma spikerma ki Sejaxebebis analizis dros bolomde ver Seasrula sakuTari movaleobebi efeqturad. meore Sejaxebis ganxilvis dros, man analizi sakuTari gundelebis mosazrebebis gamoyenebiT ki ar moaxdina, aramed saerTod axali Sexeduleba daupirispira oponentis msjelobas, rac TamaSis wesebs ewinaaRmdegeba. aqedan gamomdinare, gaimarjva mtkicebiTma gundma.

uaryofiTi: individualuri SeniSvnebi I spikeri araswori organizacia. uaryofas naklebi dro dauTmo, vidre qeisis warmodgenas II spikeri kargi, magram arasruli uaryofa. cudi prezentacia. Zalzed xmadabali saubari III spikeri arasruli analizi. axali mosazrebebi gamoiyena uaryofisas

saukeTesod debatebs gauZRva _ mtkicebiTi _ mxare, kodi _17_ . (mtkicebiTi an uarmyofeli) msajis xelmowera da kodi: __ s. pavliaSvili 02 _____

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nawili II karl poperis debatebi politikuri elementebiT Sesavali

saxelmZRvanelos pirveli nawili mTlianad daeTmo karl poperis debatebs. wignis meore nawili eTmoba politikur debatebs. es formati Tavisi struqturiT poperis debatebis identuria. erTmaneTs kvlav ejibreba sami moTamaSisagan Semdgari ori gundi _ mtkicebiTi da uarmyofeli. momxsenebelTa gamosvlebis Tanmimdevroba da drois reglamenti, jvaredini dakiTxva da mosafiqrebeli dro politikur formatSi ar icvleba. `politikuri~ am formats ewodeba TamaSis stilis gamo. ZiriTadi gansxvaveba am or formats Soris is aris, rom modebateebi aRar kamaToben TviT rezoluciaze. mtkicebiT gunds politikur formatSi evaleba rezoluciaSi dasmuli sakiTxis Seswavla, misi daviwroeba, konkretuli problemis warmodgena, am problemis gadasaWreli gzebis (gamosavali) mofiqreba, Semdeg ki imis dasabuTeba, rom gamosavali namdvilad gadaWris dasmul problemas. poperis saxelobis debatebi arsobrivad faseulobaTa debatebia. erTi gundi ayalibebs argumentebs mocemuli rezoluciis dasamtkiceblad, anu igi asabuTebs rezoluciis dadebiTi mxareebis Rirbulebebs. uarmyofeli mxare upirispirdeba rezolucias da uaryofs im argumentebs da im Rirebulebebs, romlebic warmoadgines oponentebma. am dros Zalian mniSvnelovania, rom uarmyofel mxares ar gamorCes mtkicebiTi gundis arc erTi argumenti, arc erTi mniSvnelovani mosazreba Tu faqti. aseve, gundma unda mimoixilos oponentis definiciebi da kriteriumi. es aris uarmyofeli gundis erTaderTi politika, romelic am formatSi gaamarTlebs da gunds warmatebas moutans. mtkicebiTma gundma Tavisi moxsenebis efeqturad wardgenis Semdeg, erTaderT strategias unda mimarTos, man unda aRadginos da gaamyaros yvela is punqti, rasac Seexo oponenti gundi. sxvagvarad rom vTqvaT, debatebis am formatSi, garda logikuri da kritikuli azrovnebisa, mocemuli rezoluciis irgvliv masalebis moZiebisa da maTi efeqturi gamoyenebisa, didi mniSvneloba eniWeba wesebis codnas da maT zedmiwevniT Sesrulebas. politikur debatebSi, TamaSis stilidan gamomdinare, gacilebiT ufro didi mniSvneloba eniWeba logikas, vidre wesebis dacvas. mTavaria, rom oponentebma erTmaneTis poziciaSi dainaxon ama Tu

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im punqtSi aralogikuri, Seusabamo msjeloba, Semdgom ki airCion garkveuli politika, strategia da taqtika, raTa daanaxon msajs xarvezebi oponentis poziciaSi. imisaTvis, rom ufro naTlad gamoCndes gansxvaveba poperis debatebsa da politikur debatebs Soris, saWiroa mokled ganvixiloT is ZiriTadi elementebi, romlebisganac Sedgeba orive formatis mtkicebiT poziciebi.

poperis formati rezolucia definiciebi problema kriteriumi argumentebi

politikuri formati rezolucia

gamosavali upiratesobebi

politikur debatebSi, gansxvavebiT poperis debatebisagan uarmyofelma gundma sakmarisia moigos oponentis poziciis Tundac erTi punqti. mTavaria, rom daingres mowinaaRmdegis msjelobis logikuri jaWvi. 2. Cveni wignis pirvel nawilSi, kerZod, _ 1, 2, 3 da 4 paragrafebSi zedmiwevniT iyo ganxiluli formaluri debatebis arsi, TamaSis ganrigi, TamaSis wesebi, kluburi muSaobis stili. mocemuli iyo rekomendaciebi imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor ajobebs pirveli ramdenime Sexvedris Catareba klubSi. amitomac, wignis meore nawilSi pirdapir politikuri debatebis teqnikis Seswavlaze iqneba saubari.

mtkicebiTi poziciis formireba I gakveTili

mtkicebiTi qeisi rezolucia da misi Camoyalibeba _ 30 wT. savarjiSo `rezoluciis mogoneba _ 45 wT.

rezolucia da misi Camoyalibeba

politikur debatebSi, rogorc poperis saxelobis debatebSi, imisaTvis, rom Sedges debati, unda arsebobdes sakamaTo sagani, gan-

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saxilvelad warmodgenili erTi winadadeba. igi unda iyos lakonuri, mkafio da gasagebi. debatebis teqnikaSi aseTi formiT Camoyalibebul sakamaTo Temas rezolucia ewodeba. rezolucia ganacxadis saxes unda atarebdes. sadebato rezolucia unda iyos aqtualuri, exebodes mniSvnelovani moculobis problemas da aRvivebdes interess sadebato Temis mimarT. politikuri formatis debatebSi moTamaSeebs evalebaT mocemuli sakamaTo Temis irgvliv problemebis moZebna am problemis axsna da, rac mTavaria, maTi gadasaWreli gzebis Zieba. politikuri debatebis rezolucia iseTi kriteriumebiT unda iyos SerCeuli da formirebuli, rom modebateebma SeZlon, rezoluciaSi dasmuli sakiTxebi daakonkreton da daiyvanon ufro viwro da xelSesaxeb problemebamde. politikuri debatebis formatSi sakamaTo Temis SerCevisas unda vecadoT, SevexoT mniSvnelovani moculobis da sirTulis Temebs, magram sakiTxebze msjelobam utopiamde ar unda migviyvanos. unda aviRoT iseTi saqmiani sfero, sadac konkretuli sakiTxebi daismeba da saqmiani winadadebebiT iqneba warmodgenili. davuSvaT, rom politikuri debatebisaTvis SerCeulia Tema: `korufcia~. umjobesia, am TemasTan dakavSirebuli rezolucia exebodes erT qveyanas da ar isaxavdes miznad mTel msoflioSi korufciis aRmofxvras. aseve, Tu sadebato Temad gamocxaddeba `konfliqtebi~, ajobebs rezolucia religiur, eTnikur an teritoriul konfliqtebTan mimarTebaSi SemuSavdes da ara zogadad yvelanairi konfliqtebis mogvarebaze. mokled, rezolucia unda iyos sakmarisad farTo, raTa modebateebs mieceT misi daviwroebis saSualeba, magram ar unda iyos imdenad globaluri, rom saerTod ver SeZlon gamosavlis povna. ra Tqma unda, rodesac saubaria globalur problemaTa erTi qveynis magaliTamde dakonkretebaze, ar igulisxmeba is, rom formalur debatebSi msoflio maStabis sakiTxebi ar ganixileba. piriqiT, aseTi sakiTxebi sakmaod prioritetulia. saubaria mxolod rezoluciis formis SerCevaze, anu mis sizusteze. magaliTad, msoflio omi an saerTaSoriso kriminaluri sasamarTlo globalur TemaTa jgufs miekuTvneba da amave dros rezoluciebi _ `msofliom unda aicilos mesame msoflio omi~ da `msoflios erebma mxari unda dauWiron saerTaSoriso kriminaluri sasamarTlos Seqmnas~, sakmaod konkretul sakiTxebamde aris dayvanili. zemoT moyvanili rezoluciebis formulirebaze dakvirveba

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gvaCvenebs, rom aseTi formiT Camoyalibebuli rezoluciebi misaRebia rogorc mtkicebiTi, aseve, uarmyofeli mxarisaTvis. uarmyofeli mxare ver SeewinaaRmdegeba imTaviTve dadebiTi Rirebulebebis matarebel rezolucias. politikur debatebSi TviT rezoluciaze kamaTi arasdros mimdinareobs. rezolucias orive mxare eTanxmeba. davis sagani ki xdeba mtkicebiTi gundis mier SemoTavazebuli an, ufro zustad, gansazRvruli problema, romelic rezoluciasTan aris dakavSirebuli. davakvirdeT nebismieri politikuri rezoluciis formulirebas. aq yovelTvis figurirebs sityva `unda~. anu raRac cvlilebebi unda gatardes, raRaca unda Seicvalos, raRaca unda SeizRudos, raRaca unda davicvaT. sadebato rezolucia imdenad dadebiTi Rirebulebebis matarebelia, rom eWvi aRar Cndeba misi ganxorcielebis saWiroebaSi da sadavo or gunds Soris mxolod ganxorcielebis gzebi xdeba.

savarjiSo #1 `rezoluciis mogoneba~ 1 etapi _ 5 wuTi

savarjiSos pirvel etapze debatebis mwvrTneli atarebs `gonebriv ieriSs~, sTxovs monawileebs, SesTavazon mas nebismier sakiTxTan dakavSirebuli erTi sityviT gamoTqmuli Zalian zogadi, farTo Temebi. mwvrTneli SemoTavazebul Temebs wers dafaze. sasurvelia, rom Seiqmnas mravalferovan TemaTa didi nusxa. unda moxerxdes monawileTa provocireba, raTa maT Tavisuflad, yovelgvari urTierTkritikis gareSe SesTavazon wamyvans rac SeiZleba ufro meti Tema. wamyvans SeuZlia magaliTis saxiT TviTon daasaxelos ramdenime Tema. 5 wuTis ganmavlobaSi dafaze gaCndeba daaxloebiT aseTi CamonaTvali: ganaTleba; mSvidoba; adamianTa uflebebi; ekonomika; sagareo urTierTobebi; soflis meurneoba; janmrTelobis dacva; kultura; dasaqmeba; demokratia; arCevnebi;

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terorizmi;

TviTmmarTveloba; energoresursebi; sporti; narkomania;

omi; globalizacia; integracia; da a.S

2 etapi _ 10 wuTi
savarjiSos meore etapze debatebis mwvrTneli sTavazobs auditorias xanmokle ganxlvas, romlis safuZvelze dafaze Camowerili mravali Temidan gamokveTeba is 5 Tema, romelic yvelaze metad saintereso, problemuri da aqtualuria.

3 etapi _ 10 wuTi
savarjiSos mesame etapze monawileebi iyofian 4-5 jgufad. jgufebma aTi wuTis ganmavlobaSi unda SeimuSaon TiToeul TemasTan dakavSirebuli erTi rezolucia. 4 etapi _ 10 wuTi savarjiSos meoTxe etapze, yoveli jgufidan erTma monawilem or-ori wuTis ganmavlobaSi unda waradginos misi gundis mier Camoyalibebuli 5 rezolucia. wamyvani 10 wuTis ganmarvlobaSi ganixilavs TiToeul SeTavazebul rezolucias, gaakeTebs komentarebs, miuTiTebs Secdomebze da gascems rekomendaciebs. politikuri debatebis rezoluciebis nimuSebi: saqarTveloSi ganaTlebis reforma unda Catardes; mTavrobis sagareo politikam xeli unda Seuwyos ekonomikur ganviTarebas; unda moxdes msubuqi narkotikebis legalizacia; kulturuli memkvidreobis dacva prioriteti unda gaxdes; arCevnebi samarTlianad da Tavisuflad unda Catardes; saxelmwifom mxari unda dauWiros sportis ganviTarebas; soflis meurneoba saqarTveloSi erT-erTi wamyvani dargi unda gaxdes; mosaxleobis janmrTeloba unda iyos daculi da sxva.

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mtkicebiTi poziciis formireba II gakveTili

mtkicebiTi pozicia problema da misi arCeva _ 25 wT. savarjiSo `SevimuSavoT problema~ _ 40 wT.

problema da misi arCeva

sadebato Temis SerCevisa da rezoluciis Camoyalibebis Semdeg, SesaZlebelia daviwyoT debatebisTvis momzadeba. politikuri debatebis formati Zalian sainteresoa. misi umniSvnelovanesi da gadamwyveti faqtorebia: argumentacia da logikuri msjeloba. politikuri debatebis formats, iseve, rogorc yvela TamaSs, aqvs Tavisi wesebi. modebateebma unda daicvan garkveuli struqtura da gaiTvaliswinon mTeli rigi rekomendaciebi. uSualod TamaSis msvlelobaSi ki gundebma unda airCion sagangebo, mxolod erTi konkretuli TamaSisaTvis mosargebi strategia da taqtika. magram, amave dros, kargad unda gvaxsovdes, rom yvela is wesi, romelsac gavecnobiT, damyarebulia mxolod da mxolod logikaze da modebateebis logikuri azrovneba yovelTvis nebismier wessa da formatze win unda davayenoT. debatebisTvis mzadebisas aucilebelia, rom gundebma kargad gaiTavison Tavisi ZiriTadi funqciebi. mtkicebiTma gundma pirvel rigSi unda aCvenos, rom mocemul sadebato rezoluciasTan kavSirSi arsebobs gamorCeuli problema, romelic iwvevs mniSvnelovan zians da, aqedan gamomdinare, saWiroa arsebul mdgomareobaSi cvlilebebis Setana. aRsaniSnavia, rom swored mtkicebiTi gundis mier gansazRvruli es konkretuli problema TamaSSi xdeba rezoluciis Semcvleli da uarmyofelma gundma ara rezoluciaze, aramed am gansazRvrul viwro problemaze unda miitanos ieriSi. magaliTad: rodesac mocemulia rezolucia `mTavrobam unda aRmofxvras elitaruli korufcia~, Tavdapirvelad gundma, romelic mtkicebiT pozicias amzadebs, unda SeZlos gamoiZios yvela is sfero da samsaxuri, romelsac korufciaSi edeba brali. advilia vivaraudoT, ra Sedegebs miiReben modebateebi, Tu aqcents saqarTvelos Tanamedrove problemebze gaakeTeben. aRmoCndeba, rom ar aris sfero, sadac elitaruli korufcia ar mZvinvarebs da rezoluciasTan dakavSirebiT arsebobs aTobiT problema.

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vinaidan politikur debatSi problemebze yuradRebis gamaxvileba saWiroa mxolod da mxolod imisaTvis, raTa Semdgom es problema gadaiWras, amitom misi safuZvliani Seswavla da debatebis procesSi efeqturi wardgena aucilebelia. warmovidginoT, ra moxdeba Tu mtkicebiTma gundma zemoT aRniSnul rezoluciasTan dakavSirebiT mimoixila yvela is sfero da Seexo yvela sakiTxs, rac ki aris korufciasTan kavSirSi. mtkicebiTi gundis pirvel warmomadgenels, romelic iwyebs TamaSs, ar eyofa aramarto 6 wuTi, aramed arc saaTi da arc dRe. Tu gundma ar moaxdina problemis daviwroeba da farTo problemis romelime konkretul problemamde dayvana, mas SeiZleba mTeli rigi problemebi Seeqmnas TamaSis dros. globaluri problemis mogvarebas grandiozuli gegmebis ganxorcieleba sWirdeba. yovlismomcveli gamosavlis povna Zalian Znelia, misi dasabuTeba drois simciris gamo kiTiTqmis SeuZlebeli. uarmyofeli gundi advilad Seitans eWvs aseTi farTo gegmebis realurobaSi da advilad ipovis masSi xarvezebs. vfiqrob dagarwmuneT, rom politikuri debatebis formatSi rezulucia dakonkretebas saWiroebs mtkicebiTi gundis mxridan. viwro problemas yovelTvis moeZebneba realuri da ganxorcielebadi gamosavali. am aspeqts kidev erTi sagulisxmo mxare aqvs. uarmyofelma gundma winaswar ar icis, ra viwro problemas SesTavazebs mas mtkicebiTi gundi, amitom uaryofa yovelTvis uSualod TamaSis dros yalibdeba. amiT debati ufro intensiuri, daZabuli xdeba, modebateebi ki TamaSis politikis, anu strategiis da taqtikis Seqmnis procesSi iyeneben mTel Tavis inteleqtualur da SemoqmedebiT potencials. warmogidgenT magaliTs, sadac naTlad Cans, rogori formiT SeiZleba Camoyalibdes rezolucia farTo Temidan da Semdeg rogor daviwrovdes TviT rezolucia.

Tema: adamianTa uflebebi rezolucia: saqarTveloSi adamianTa uflebebi unda iyos daculi
daviwroebuli rezoluciis magaliTebi: bavSvTa uflebebi unda iyos daculi; qalTa uflebebi unda iyos daculi; umciresobaTa uflebebi unda iyod daculi; patimarTa uflebebi unda iyos daculi; emigrantebis uflebebi unda iyos daculi; ltolvilTa uflebebi unda iyos daculi;

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Tavis mxriv, daviwroebuli rezoluciebis, kidev ufro metad dakonkretebaa SesaZlebeli, magaliTad: saqarTveloSi bavSvTa uflebebi saswavlo dawesebulebebSi unda iyos daculi; saqarTveloSi bavSvTa uflebebi, sasjelaRsrulebis dawesebulebebSi unda iyos daculi; bavSvTa uflebebi unda iyos daculi masmediaSi gaSuqebis dros da a.S. TamaSisaTvis modebateebis momzadebis pirvel etaps moswavleebisaTvis sakamaTo Temis gacnoba da masze muSaoba warmoadgens. mas Semdeg, rac modebateebi gaecnobian momavali TamaSis rezolucias, mTeli Zalisxmeva misi zogadi analizisa da definiciebis SemuSavebas moxmardeba. rezoluciaze muSaoba Semdegi mimarTulebiT warimarTeba: - definicebis moZebna; - informaciis gacvla; asociaciuri Temebis identifikacia (semantikuri ruka) miuxedavad imisa, rom definiciebis SemuSavebisas sasurvelia rezoluciis terminebis leqsikoniseuli gansazRvrebebiT ganmarteba, mainc SesaZlebelia, bavSvebTan erTad Camoayalibdes ama Tu im terminis definicia, arsebuli informaciidan gamomdinare. am saqmianobis Sesruleba daexmareba modebateebs, sakamaTo rezolucias Sexedon ukve konkretuli sadebato Temis kuTxiT, romelzec unda SemuSavdes problemis gadaWris pozicia. amis Semdeg, klubis wevr moswavleebTan unda gaicvalos aRniSnuli rezoluciis garSemo. am dros TiToeuli modebate SeZlebisdagvarad warmoadgens sakamaTo TemasTan dakavSirebul sainformacio xasiaTis mosazrebebs, argumentebs, faqtebsa Tu statistikur monacemebs. urCieT bavSvebs, rom Caiweron maTTvis mniSvnelovani da saintereso informacia. semantikuri rukis Sedgenis sawyis etapze unda moxdes sakvanZo sityvis arCeva, an sityvaTa SeTanxmeba, romelic gamomdinareobs rezoluciidan da dafiqsirdeba dafis centrSi. Semdeg, moswavleebma unda moigonon am sakvanZo sityvasTan asocirebuli daaxloebiT 6 -7 termini, romelic daiwereba dafis centrSi ukve dafiqsirebuli sityvis garSemo. bavSvebi Seecdebian am terminebTan asocirebuli sityvebis mogonebas, romelebic gadava dafaze. aRniSnuli procesis gagrZeleba usasrulod SeiZleba. modebateebs ganemartebaT, rom semantikuri rukis Sedgenis Sedegad miRebuli terminebi gaxlavT

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swored faqtebisa da damamtkicebeli masalebis Ziebis mimarTulebis ganmsazRvreli aTvlis wertili. swored am terminebis garSemo warimarTeba saubari debatebis dros da aRniSnuli sityvebis garSemo iqneba saWiro ufro meti da ufro Rrma codnis arseboba. semantikuri ruka daaxloebiT ase gamoiyureba:

kerZo skola

skolis marTva

sajaro skola

pedagogTa xelfasebi pedagogTa profesionalizmi

saxelmZRvaneloebi

saswavlo programa

skola

dasaqmeba
swavlis xarisxi

mecniereba da progresi

ganaTleba

axalgazrdoba
materialur - teqnikuri baza

saerTaSoriso programnebi

umaRlesi ganaTleba

saxelmwifo umaRlesi saswavlebeli

damokidebuli marTva

akreditacia

kerZo umaRlesi ganaTleba

erovnuli gamocdebi

swavlis dafinanseba

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savarjiSo # 2 `problemebis SerCeva~ masalebi: sadebato rezoluciebis CamonaTvali monawileze:

yovel

mTavrobam unda aRmofxvras korufcia; sazogadoebam unda izrunos garemos dacvaze; sazogadoebam unda daicvas bavSvebi Zaladobisagan; saqarTveloSi kvlav unda gatardes ganaTlebis reforma; saxelmwifo unda SeebrZolos narkomanias; saxelmwifom unda moagvaros Savi bazris problemebi; saxelmwifom unda moagvaros prostituciis problema; saxelmwifom unda daicvas socialurad daucvelTa interesebi; sazogadoebam unda izrunos qalTa uflebebis dacvaze; sazogadoebam unda izrunos kulturis ZeglTa dacvaze; mTavrobam mxari unda dauWiros mecnierul-teqnikur progress; saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianoba unda aRdges; separatizmi unda SeizRudos; umciresobaTa uflebebi unda iyos daculi; globalurma sazogadoebam Tavidan unda aicilos ekologiuri katastrofa; msoflio erebma ar unda dauSvan mesame msoflio omi; msoflioSi unda Sewydes eTnikuri dapirispirebebi.

1 etapi _ 10 wuTi
savarjiSos pirvel etapze auditoria iyofa mcire jgufebad (sasurvelia 2-2 monawile). TiToeul gunds eZleva gansaxilvelad TiTo-TiTo rezolucia. aTi wuTis ganmavlobaSi monawileebma unda moifiqron mocemul erT rezoluciasTan dakavSirebuli ramdenime problema.

2 etapi _ 20 wuTi
savarjiSos meore etapze yoveli jgufis erTi warmomadgeneli 2 wuTis ganmavlobaSi waradgens Tavisi rezoluciis problemebis CamonaTvals da Seecdeba axsnas, Tu ratom SeaCera yuradReba am problemebze.

3 etapi _ 10 wuTi
savarjiSos mesame etapze debatebis mwvrTneli ganixilavs TiToeul variants, gaakeTebs komentars. mwvrTneli sTxovs modebateebs masalebi Seinaxon Semdegi SexvedrisaTvis.

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III gakveTili mtkicebiTi pozicia

problema, misi parametrebi da ZiriTadi maxasiaTeblebi _ 25 wT. savarjiSo `problemis arCeva~ _ 60 wuTi.

problema, misi parametrebi da ZiriTadi maxasiaTeblebi

mas Semdeg, rac modebateebi mocemul rezoluciasTan dakavSirebiT moiZieben problemaTa farTo speqtrs da sadebatod airCeven erT-erTs, maT naTlad unda daasabuTon, rom warmodgenili problema iwvevs garkveul zians. amitom, arsebul mdgomareobaSi saWiroa cvlilelebis Setana. Tu mtkicebiTi gundi ver moaxerxebs imis dasabuTebas, rom problemiT gamowveuli ziani imdenad didi da progresirebadia, rom umoqmedobiT arsebuli mdgomareoba ufro damZimdeba da problemac ufro gaRrmavdeba, maSin am gunds gauWirdeba arsebul mdgomareobaSi cvlilebebis Setanis aucileblobis damtkiceba. amis gareSe ki arc erTi gegma ar iqneba Rirebuli, vinaidan TiToeul cvlilebas Tan yovelTvis garkveuli xarji axlavs (ara mxolod materialuri). Tu mtkicebiTi gundi ver daasabuTebs cvlilebebis Setanis realur saWiroebas, mis mier warmodgenili nebismieri argumenti Seusabamo da alogikuri iqneba. xolo iq, sadac realurad arsebobs problema, cvlilebac logikurad saWiroa. mtkicebiTma gundma unda daanaxos oponents, rom problema aramarto arsebobs, aramed igi Zalze seriozulia. amisaTvis mtkicebiT gunds dasWirdeba faqtebi da statistikuri monacemebi. amgvar mtkicebulebebSi aSkara unda iyos, rom problema exeba xalxis mniSvnelovan raodenobas, misi uaryofiTi gavlena ki imdenad seriozulia, rom Tuki igi ar gadaiWra, arsebuli mdgomareoba (status_kvo) momavalSi ufro masStaburi gaxdeba, an ufro Rrmad gaidgams fesvebs. mtkicebiTi gundi unda moeridos iseTi problemis SerCevas, romlis gadawyvetac ar saWiroebs zedmet Zalisxmevas. arsebobs iseTi realoba, romelic marTalia dResdReobiT arasaxarbieloa, seriozul problemas warmoadgens da mniSvnelovani zianis momtania, magram arsebul pirobebSi, drois garkveul monakveTSi mdgomareo-

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ba TavisTavad gamoswordeba, zianic TandaTanobiT Semcirdeba da problemac aRar iarsebebs. Tuki modebateebi mtkicebiT poziciaSi uneblieT amgvari specifikis problemas dasaxaven, maSin uarmyofel poziciaSi moTamaSe gunds Zalian gauadvildeba imis damtkiceba, rom amgvari problemis gadaWraze, gamosavlis povnaze, gegmebis damuSavebaze da gegmebis ganxorcielebaze sul ar Rirs adamianTa resursebis da materialuri Tanxebis daxarjva. es zedmetia, vinaidan problema TviTon gadaWris Tavis Tavs droTa ganmavlobaSi. maSasadame masze yuradRebis SeCereba sulac ar aris saWiro. aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac mtkicebiTi gundi airCevs problemas, romelic Tavisi specifikiT miekuTvneba gadauWrel problemaTa ricxvs. rac imas niSnavs, rom problema namdvilad aris, igi sakmarisad seriozuli da moculobiTia, didia zianic da arsebuli mdgomareoba namdvilad saWiroebs Secvlas, magram misi Secvla, problemis aRmofxvra an saerTod masTan brZola uSedego iqneba. maS, ra azri aqvs iseT problemaze yuradRebis SeCerebas, romelic ar aRmoifxvreba da yovelTvis problemad darCeba, yovelTvis iarsebebs? am SemTxvevaSi, uarmyofel gunds ar gauWirdeba imis damtkiceba, rom ar Rirs drois dakargva da xarjis gaweva iseTi problemis mogvarebaze, romelic mougvarebel problemaTa jgufs miekuTvneba. modebateebma didi yuradReba unda miaqcion imas, rom problema namdvilad iyos kavSirSi rezoluciasTan, anu sruliad Seesabamebodes mas. magaliTad, rezoluciaSi: _ `mTavrobam unda daxvewos ganaTlebis sistema~, problema bevria _ gadatvirTuli programebi, maswavlebelTa dabali kvalifikacia da a.S. magram rom visaubroT im maswavleblebis xelfasebis gazrdaze, romlebmac miaRwies sapensio asaks da xelfasTan erTad pensiasac iReben, albaT, rezoluciasTan Seusabamo gamova.

savarjiSo #3 `problemis arCeva~ masalebi: politikuri debatebis formatSi `problemis~ ZiriTadi parametrebi da maxasiaTeblebi. problema unda iyos:
aSkara; naTeli; gasagebi; nacnobi; aqtualuri; unda Seesabamebodes rezolucias;

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 problemaSi unda Candes cvlilebebis Setanis aucilebloba; problema unda iyos sakmarisad moculobiTi, anu exebodes xalxis mniSvnelovan raodenobas; ar unda ganekuTvnebodes mougvarebel problemaTa kategorias; ar unda ganekuTvnebodes iseT problemaTa kategorias, romelic TviTon agvarebs Tavis Tavs.

1 etapi _ 20 wuTi
savarjiSos dawyebis win monawileebs vyofT mcire jgufebad (sasurvelia 2-2 monawiled), TiToeul jgufs vurigebT calkeul furcelze amobeWdil ~problemis~ parametrebis da ZiriTadi maxasiaTeblebis CamonaTvals. wamyvani sTxovs monawileebs, II gakveTilze savarjiSo #2-is Sesrulebis dros miRebuli masalebi gamoiyenon, anu is problemebi, romlebic gamoimuSaves wina Sexvedraze. monawileebma 15 wuTis ganmarvlobaSi unda gamoarCion 3 problema da daweron dasabuTeba, ratom miaCniaT, rom maT mier SerCeuli problemebi Seesabameba `problemis~ ZiriTad parametrebsa da maxasiaTeblebs.

2 etapi _ 20 wuTi
meore etapze gundebma erTmaneTis monacvleobiT orwuTian gamosvlaSi unda warmoadginon maT mier gamorCeuli problema da daasabuTon misi Sesabamisoba zemoT CamoTvlil yvela parametrsa da maxasiaTebelTan.

3 etapi _ 20 wuTi
mesame etapze debatebis mwvrTneli aTi wuTis ganmavlobaSi gaakeTebs mokle komentars da ganixilavs gundebis mier arCeuli problemebis Sesabamisobas `problemis~ parametrebTan da ZiriTad maxasiaTeblebTan. am savarjiSos Sesrulebis Sedegad, modebateebi gaigeben, mocemuli rezoluciis mixedviT, ra parametrebiT da kriteriumebiT unda SearCion problemebi.

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IV gakveTili mtkicebiTi pozicia

problemis gansazRvra _ 25 wT. savarjiSo `SevimuSaoT problema _ 60 wT.

problemis gansazRvra
debatebis politikuri formatis ZiriTadi principi logikaa. am TavSi Cven unda gavyveT logikas da misi meSveobiT SevecadoT ise safuZvlianad warmovaCinoT problema, rom amovwuroT masTan dakavSirebuli yvela mniSvnelovani aspeqti. imisaTvis, rom problema amomwuravad iyos wardgenili, pirvel rigSi, mtkicebiTma gundma Tavisi gamosvlebis dros didi yuradReba unda dauTmos problemis ganmartebas da mis axsnas. problemis ganmartebisaTvis SegviZlia CamovayaliboT definiciebi da aRvniSnoT problemis zogadi mniSvneloba. amis Semdeg ki yvelaze efeqturi iqneba problemidan gamomdinare arsebuli mdgomareobis aRwera. imisaTvis, rom status-kvo (arsebuli mdgomareoba) iyos ufro damajerebeli, sasurvelia moviyvanoT konkretuli faqtebi, davanaxoT msajs da oponentebs, rom problema realurad arsebobs da is ar aris fantaziis nayofi. umjobesia, xazi gavusvaT imas, rom arsebobs statistika, romelic amtkicebs amgvari faqtebis did raodenobas. maSasadame, problema moculobiTia da mniSvnelovani raodenobis adamianebs exeba. kidev ufro damajerebeli da efeqturi iqneba, mtkicebiTma gundma isaubrebos im mosalodnel uaryofiT Sedegebze, romlebic arsebul mdgomareobaSi jer ar fiqsirdeba, magram aucileblad gaCndeba, Tuki problema ar mogvardeba. am SemTxvevaSi kargia aRiniSnos dinamika, aRiweros procesis ganviTareba, mdgomareobis TandaTanobiTi gauareseba. aqac mniSvnelovania faqtebisa da statistikis moSvelieba. problemis gansazRvris, misi axsnis da mniSvnelovanebis Cvenebis Semdeg, mtkicebiTma gundma unda dagvanaxos problemis arsebobis mizezi. faqtebze dayrdnobiT SegviZlia mokled mimovixiliT mZime istoriuli memkvidreoba, kanonebis dauxvewaoba an mouqneloba. SegviZlia ganvixiloT ekonomikuri aspeqtebi, romlebic problemebis gamomwvev mizezebze moqmedeben. yvelaze kargi iqneba problemis arsebobis mizezis, safuZvelis gamoZieba anu imis dadgena, Tu konkretulad, ratom ver Wris problemas amJamindeli politika.

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Tu mtkicebiTi gundi ganixilavs pirvel SemTxvevas, maSin man unda gamoiZios is konkretuli gzebi da nabijebi, romlebsac dgams mTavroba problemis gadasawyvetad, Semdeg ki daadginos, ratom ar aris efeqturi mTavrobis mier gatarebuli RonisZiebebi. meore SemTxveva gulisxmobs, rom mTavroba saerTod Tavisi yuradRebis da interesebis miRma tovebs problemas da, maSasadame, aucilebelia SemuSavdes da gatardes saTanado politika, romelic aRmofxvris problemas. problemis arsebobis mizezs debatebis politikur formatSi brals vuwodebT. rodesac mtkicebiTi gundi problemis gamomwvev mizezebsa da, agreTve, problemis gadauWrelobis mizezebze gvesaubreba, mas SeuZlia daakonkretos, Tu vis miuZRvis amaSi brali. magaliTad, mTavrobas, romelic saTanado yuradRebas ar aqcevs problemas, mas ar aqvs berketebi, igi uZluria, an araswor politikas atarebs. mniSvnelovania davanaxoT moswavleebs, rom bralis dafiqsirebis dros isini TviTon ar gamovidnen bralmdeblis rolSi da zedmetad ar gaamaxvilon yuradReba bralis matarebel subieqtze an obieqtze.

savarjiSo # 4 `problemis gansazRvra~ 1 etapi _ 20 wuTi

savarjiSos pirvel etapze auditoria iyofa 4 jgufad. TiToeul jgufs samuSaod vTavazobT erT rezolucias. savarjiSos gasaadvileblad monawileebs vurigebT blankebs, sadac aRniSnulia is ZiriTadi aqcentebi, razec unda gaamaxvilon yuradReba modebateebma problemis gansazRvrebis dros. survilis mixedviT, SeuZliaT gamoiyenon blanki #1 da Seavson igi, rac gauadvilebs maT moxsenebis struqturuli wyobis dacvas.

2 etapi _ 20 wuTi
savarjiSos meore etapze gundebi sami wuTis ganmavlobaSi waradgenen TavianT problemebs.

3 etapi _ 20 wuTi
savarjiSos dasrulebisas mwvrTneli akeTebs srulfasovan komentars dafaze warmoebuli Canaweris mixedviT. am savarjiSos Sesrulebis Semdeg monawileebi iswavlian, amomwuravad warmoaCinon dasaxuli problema.

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blanki #1
problemis gansazRvra
problemis ganmarteba ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- arsebuli mdgomareobis dafiqsireba (modebatem realurad unda dagvanaxos konkretuli problemiT gamowveuli arsebuli mdgomareoba, raTa Semdgom daasabuTos arsebul mdgomareobaSi cvlilebebis Setanis aucilebloba) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- problebis mniSvnelovnebis warmoCena -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- problemis arsebobis mizezi, safuZveli (ram gamoiwvia problema) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ratom ver gadaiWra problema dRemde (amJamad arsebuli politika ver Wris problemas, an saerTod ar arsebobs saTanado politika. vis miuZRvis brali am problemis warmoSobaSi) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- problemis gadauWrelobis SemTxvevaSi mosalodneli uaryofiTi Sedegebis ganxilva. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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mtkicebiTi poziciis formireba V gakveTili mtkicebiTi pozicia

gamosavali da misi etapebi _ 25 wT. savarjiSo `gegmis SemuSaveba~_ 35 wT.

gamosavali da misi etapebi

debatebis politikuri formatis ZiriTadi upiratesoba isaa, rom modebateebs evalebaT ara mxolod problemis moZieba da axsna, aramed mis gadasaWrelad gzebis Zieba. mtkicebiT gunds mTeli TamaSis ganmavlobaSi mouwevs imis dasabuTeba, rom maT mier SemoTavazebuli gegma Tu gamosavali aris is erTaderTi realuri gza, romelic gadaWris problemas da dadebiT Sedegebsac moitans. problemis gadasaWrelad mtkicebiT gunds SeuZlia gamoiyenos ori meTodi. erTi meTodi iTvaliswinebs dasmuli problemis gadaWris konkretuli, mkafiod Camoyalibebuli, nabij-nabij ganviTarebuli da detalurad gaTvlili gegmis SemuSavebas. meore meTodi ki gulisxmobs arsebuli problemis gadaWras erTgvari gamosavliT, romelic ganacxadis saxiT iqneba Camoyalibebuli. gundebi, rezoluciisa da problemis specifikidan gamomdinare, TviTonve irCeven, ra meTodi ajobebs ama Tu im SemTxvevaSi. uarmyofeli gundisTvis es aspeqtic moulodnelia. uarmyofeli gundi mxolod da mxolod TamaSis msvlelobaSi igebs, Tu ra problema dasva mtkicebiTma gundma da ra meTodi airCia am problemis mogvarebisaTvis. logikuria, rom uarmyofeli gundi adekvaturad daupirispirdeba TiToeul meTods.

gamosavali gegmiT
mtkicebiTi gundis gegma warmoadgens im meTods, romliTac mas surs problemis gadaWra. ibadeba kiTxva: ramdenad detaluri unda iyos gegma? rac ufro rTulia problema, miT ufro rTulia misi gadaWra. amasTanave, gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom mtkicebiTi gundis pirvel momxsenebels mxolod 6 wuTi aqvs mTeli qeisis warmosadgenad da es dro ar iqneba

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sakmarisi rTuli, mravali punqtisgan Semdgari gegmis warmosadgenad. pirvelma momxsenebelma unda warmoadginos gegmis monaxazi (30 wamis _ 1 wuTis ganmavlobaSi) da unda iyos mzad, pasuxi gasces konkretul SekiTxvebs detalebTan dakavSirebiT jvaredini dakiTxvis dros. mtkicebiTi gundis meore momxsenebeli ki saubrobs detalebze. gegmaze muSaobis dros, modebateebma unda gaiTvaliswinon Semdegi elementebi da pasuxi gascen SekiTxvebs: vin ganaxorcielebs gegmas? ra gakeTdeba am gegmiT? rogor gadaidgmeba dagegmili nabijebi? ramdeni fuli, dro da muSaxeli daixarjeba gegmis ganxorcielebaze? vin? zogierT SemTxvevaSi, moqmedebis subieqti SeiZleba gansazRvruli iyos rezoluciaSi (magaliTad: gaerom unda gaafarTovos kulturuli uflebebis dacva), magram zogjer mtkicebiTma gundma unda warmogvidginos is subieqti romelic ganaxorcielebs maT mier SerCeul politikas. subieqti, dakavSirebuli unda iyos gansazRvrul problemasTan. mtkicebiTma gundma unda SearCios iseTi subieqti, romelic realurad SeZlebs Tavi gaarTvas gegmiT gaTvaliswinebul RonisZiebebs. ase rom, xSir SemTxvevebSi, rodesac saqme gveqneba konkretul saxelmwifoebTan, moqmedebis subieqti iqneba am saxelmwifos mTavroba, xolo Tu saerTaSoriso problemebs SevexebiT, es movaleoba daekisreba gaeros an romelime sxva saerTaSoriso organizacias. moqmedebis subieqtis SerCevisas, umjobesia davkonkretdeT, Tu mTavrobis an gaeros romel institutze gvaqvs saubari, magaliTad: romelime saministro, an organizacia da a.S. mtkicebiTma gundma SesaZlebelia gadawyvitos axali subieqtis Seqmna problemis gadasaWrelad. am SemTxvevaSi, mtkicebiTma gundma sakiTxis Zalian Rrma da safuZvliani kvleva unda Caataros, vinaidan axali institutis Seqmnas damatebiTi dro da finansebi esaWiroeba (amasTanave, eqsperimenti yovelTvis saWiroa).

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ra?
mtkicebiT gunds SeuZlia, erT winadadebaSi gadmosces gegmis arsi an konkretuli nabijebi, magram orive SemTxvevaSi maT winaswar gaTvaliswinebuli unda hqondeT detalebi, romelTa warmosadgenad dros ar daxarjaven, magram saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi gamoiyeneben.

rogor?
mtkicebiTi gundisTvis ar aris sakmarisi Camoayalibos _ ras gaakeTeben? maT unda axsnan, Tu rogor ganaxorcieleben am yovelives da realurad Seafason arsebuli mdgomareoba. gegma ar unda iyos zRapruli da idealuri. gegma unda iTvaliswinebdes im winaaRmdegobebis gadalaxvasac, romelic mas ganxorcielebis procesSi Sexvdeba.

ramdeni?
TiToeuli cvlileba garkveul xarjTan aris dakavSirebuli da mtkicebiTma gundma es ar unda daiviwyos. es ar niSnavs imas, rom mtkicebiTma gundma gegmis detaluri biujeti unda warmoadginos, man ubralod unda aRniSnos, Tu ra Tanxebzea saubari da risTvisaa isini saWiro. kargi iqneba, Tu xazs gausvamen im detalsac, Tu rogor moxdeba am Tanxebis mopoveba. Tanxebis wardgenis dros mniSvnelovania, rom mtkicebiT gunds kargad hqondes gaazrebuli, ramdenad gamarTlebulia am Tanxebis daxarjva konkretul problemaze. Tu materialuri xarji iqneba imdenad didi, rom gamoiwvevs zarals, maSin amgvari finansuri gegma gaumarTlebelia. uarmyofel gunds eZleva saSualeba, advilad daasabuTos, rom problema SeiZleba gadaiWras sxva gegmiT, ufro naklebi danaxarjebiT. unda aRiniSnos isic, Tu ra resursebi daixarjeba mTlianad (mag: drois, adamianebis) am gegmis ganxorcielebisas.

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savarjiSo # 5 `gegmis SemuSaveba~ masalebi: CineTi saReWi rezinis winaaRmdeg ibrZvis problema:
Cinelebis mxridan saReWi rezinis aTvalwunebis mizezi aris is, rom gasuli wlis erovnuli dResaswauls dros pekinis tiananmenis moedanze, romelic CineTis erT-erT RirsSesaniSnav adgilad iTvleba, turistebma 600 aTasi saReWi rezini gadaagdes. saReWi rezinisagan dabinZurebuli moednis gawmenda pekinis xelisuflebas 120 aTasi dolari daujda. mxolod turistebi rodi arian CineTis saReWi reziniT dabinZurebis mTavari mizezi. qveyanaSi, sadac 1,3 miliardi adamiani cxovrobs, yovelwliurad 20 miliardi saReWi rezini iyideba. CineTis mTavroba SeSfoTebulia am problemiT, magram aseTi saxis garemos dabinZurebis winaaRmdeg, veranair efeqtur zomebs ver atarebs.

1 etapi _ 30 wuTi
debatebis mwvrTneli auditorias yofs 3-4 jgufad da urigebs masalebs, raTa monawileebi gaecnon problemas da ocdaaTi wuTis ganmavlobaSi moifiqron gamosavali da SeimuSaon gegma, romelic gadaWris arsebul problemas.

2 etapi _ 20 wuTi
savarjiSos meore etapze gundebi waradgenen TavianT gegmebs xuTwuTiani moxsenebis saxiT.

3 etapi _ 20 wuTi
debatebis mwvrTneli dawvrilebiT ganixilavs TiToeuli gundis mier SemoTavazebul gegmas, aRniSnavs dadebiT mxareebs da Secdomebs. savarjiSos Sesrulebis dros monawileebi gaivarjiSeben problemis gadamWreli gegmebis SemuSavebaSi da aiTviseben gegmis struqturas. imisaTvis, rom modebateebs gauadvildeT savarjiSos Sesruleba, warmogidgenT sagangebod SemuSavebul blanks, romelic mkafiod gviCvenebs gegmis struqturas:

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blanki #2
vin ganaxorcielebs gegmas? (modebatem unda warmoadginos is subieqti, romelic ganaxorcielebs gegmas)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ra keTdeba am gegmiT ? --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------nabiji I -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------nabiji II -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------nabiji III --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------nabiji IV --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------rogor ganxorcieldeba TiToeuli nabiji? ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ramdeni fuli, dro da adamianuri resursi daixarjeba gegmis gansaxorcieleblad? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------112

VI gakveTili mtkicebiTi pozicia

upiratesobebi da maTi formireba _ 50 wT. savarjiSo `ipovoT upiratesobebi _ 30 w

upiratesobebi da maTi formireba

mtkicebiTma gundma, jer kidev gegmis SemuSavebisas, Zalian mkafio warmodgena unda iqonios im konkretul Sedegebze, rac gegmis ganxorcielebas moyveba. Tavisi poziciis wardgenisas mtkicebiTi gundis pirvelma momxsenebelma garkveuli dro unda gamoyos imisaTvis, raTa daasabuTos, rom mis mier SemoTavazebuli politika status-kvoze ukeTesia. pirvel rigSi, mtkicebiTi gundi asabuTebs imas, rom maTi gamosavali erTaderTi gzaa problemis aRmosafxvrelad, magram warmatebulad CaiTvleba mxolod da mxolod is gegma, romelsac aqvs Sedegi. logikuria, Tu mtkicebiTma gundma ver daasabuTa, Tu rogor Secvlis arsebul mdgomareobas ukeTesobisakan maTi gamosavali, maSin mTel maT Zalisxmevas azri ekargeba. mtkicebiTi gundis pirvelma warmomadgenelma Tavisi moxsenebis bolo wuTebi unda dauTmos im upiratesobebis aRniSvnas, rac gegmis ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi aucileblad miiReba. upiratesobebSi mkafiod da naTlad unda iyos Camoyalibebuli da xazgasmiT aRniSnuli yvela is dadebiTi Sedegi, rac gegmis ganxorcielebas moyveba. mtkicebiTma gundma unda dagvanaxos kavSiri upiratesobebsa da problemas Soris, vinaidan SesaZlebelia gegmis ganxorcielebiT marTlac miviRoT ramdenime dadebiTi Sedegi, magram mxolod es ar aris sakmarisi. mTavaria, Sedegma aRmofxvras dasmuli problema. warmovidginoT, rom sasworis erT mxares davdeT gegma da mis ganxorcielebasTan dakavSirebuli yvela sirTule (gegmis ganxorcielebisaTvis saWiro garkveuli safasuri, mcdeloba, xelmZRvaneloba, kapitali, riski, adamianuri resursebi, dro. gegmis ganxorcielebisas amoqmeddeba berketebi); sasworis meore mxares ki movaTavseT upiratesobebi. mtkicebiTma gundma naTlad unda daanaxos oponentebs da msajs, rom upiratesobebi imdenad mniSvnelovania da imdenad safuZvlianad cvlis status-kvo _ s rom gegmis ganxorcielebiT miRebuli upiratesobebi (Sedegebi) namdvilad gadawonis im sirTuleebs, romlebic gegmis ganxorcielebis process axlavs Tan.

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mtkicebiTma gundma yuradReba unda gaamaxvilos imaze, rom SemoTavazebuli cvlilebebi ufro met upiratesobebs moicavs, vidre zians da, saboloo jamSi, sargeblobas moutans sazogadoebas. upiratesobebis Sedareba zianTan an status-kvosTan mtkicebiT gunds uTuod sargeblobas moutans da ufro damajerebels gaxdis mis gamosvlas. gegmis ganxorcielebis Semdeg miiReba damatebiTi upiratesobebi, anu is dadebiTi Sedegebi, romlebic Tavidan ar iyo gaTvaliswinebuli. mtkicebiTma gundma es aucileblad unda daafiqsiros. damatebiTi upiratesobebi SeiZleba gaCndes uneblieT gegmis ganxorcielebis procesSi, an gegmis dasrulebis Semdeg. SesaZlebelia, dadebiTi Sedegebi arc ukavSirdebodes problemas, magram aRmofxvras raRac sxva problemebi da xarvezebi. es yovelive gegmas kidev erT dadebiT qulas Sematebs. ganvixiloT magaliTi: problemis gansazRvra: _ britaneTSi arsebuli liberaluri samigracio kanonis gamo, uamravi adamiani cdilobs am qveyanaSi moxvedras im imediT, rom aq saimedo TavSesafars ipovian. mas Semdeg, rac safrangeTma da britaneTma erTiani ZalebiT gadaketes `la manSze~ aralegalebis sataranzito mimosvla da safrangeTma `sangateSi~ maTi banaki daxura, aralegalTa talRa belgias miawyda. kerZod ki, patara saporto qalaq `zebriug~-s. gasul wels zebriugis portis gavliT britaneTsa da irlandiaSi tvirTis 90% Sevida. Sesabamisad, gaizarda tvirTSi damaluli aralegalebis ricxvic. 2003 wels orjer metma aralegalma gadalaxa belgiis sazRvari, vidre 2002 wels. belgiis mTavroba SeSfoTebulia, rdganac mas ar aqvs realuri SesaZlebloba, mxolod sakuTari ZalebiT gamoavlinos aralegalebi tvirTis aseT kolosalur moculobaSi.

gamosavali _ gegma vin? _ britaneTma unda aiRos Tavis Tavze am problemis mogvareba,
vinaidan: is rom qalaq zebriugs miawyda arlegalTa TiTqmis 80%, britaneTis bralia. kerZod, misi liberaluri kanonebis; britaneTis interesebSia sazRvarze aralegalebis dakaveba; britaneTi, romelic belgiaze mdidaria, valdebulia gaiRos Tanxebi Tavisive problemis mosagvareblad.

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ra?
britaneTma iaponiisagan unda Seisyidos axali eleqtronuli sistema, _ deteqtori, romelsac SeuZlia konteinerebSi damaluli adamianebis aRmoCena maTi guliscemis mixedviT. britaneTma unda miawodos aRniSnuli mowyobiloba zebriugis sabaJos da dados xelSekruleba, romlis mixedviTac belgiis mxare valdebuli iqneba, gamoiyenos es xelsawyo da misi daxmarebiT gamoavlinos da daakavos aralegalebi. meore mxriv, britaneTi xelsawyoebis teqnikur problemebze agebs pasuxs da gaiRebs Tanxebs mebaJeebis gadamzadebisaTvis. zebriugis sabaJos TanamSromlebma unda miiwvion iaponeli eqspertebi da, gadamzadebis kursebis saSualebiT, Seiswavlon mowyobiloba da aimaRlon kvalifikacia.

ramdeni?
mowyobilobis saerTo raodenobis Rirebuleba, daaxloebiT 1,5 milioni dolari. xelsawyoebis Sesyidvisa da maTi SekeTebis xarjs mTlianad gaiRebs britaneTi, xolo gadamzadebis kursebis xarjsa da iaponeli eqspertebis honorars belgiisa da britaneTis mxareebi gainawileben.

upiratesobebi
q. zebriugis mebaJeebi, advilad da swrafad ipovian tvirTSi aralegalebs; aralegalebi, romlebsac aranairi SesaZlebloba ar eqnebaT, SeumCnevlad gadalaxon sazRvari, Seecdebian ucxo qveyanaSi SeRwevis legaluri gzebi ipovnon; qalaq zebriugs moexsneba didi problema _ aralegalebis qalaqSi mozRvaveba; britaneTs ar dasWirdeba sakuTari liberaluri saimigracio kanonebis Secvla.

damatebiTi upiratesobebi
sxva qveynebi gadmoiReben belgiis gamocdilebas; SeizRudeba korufcia, romelic dakavSirebulia aralegaluri gziT adamianTa gatarebasTan. sabaJoze

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daskvna:
SemuSavebuli gegma realisturi da Sedegiania, xolo misi Sesruleba ar aris Zalian rTuli. upiratesobebi gviCvenebs, rom Sedegebi imdenad kargia, namdvilad Rirs am gegmis cxovrebaSi gatareba. gegmis ganxorcielebis Semdeg, miviRebT iseT upiratesobebs, romelebic aRmofxvrian am problemas. maSasadame, gegma miaRwevs mizans. zemoT aRniSnulidan naTlad Cans, rom mtkicebiT gunds mTeli Tavisi qeisis wardgenis dros imdenad bevri ram aqvs saTqmeli, rom mocemul droSi safuZvliani moxsenebis gakeTeba TiTqmis SeuZlebelia (6 wT. _ pirvel momxsenebels, xolo danarCen ors 5-5 wuTi). swored amitom, gundma unda SearCios informaciis gadmocemis strategia, raTa gamosvlebi iyos Tanmimdevruli, SeTanxmebuli da damajerebeli. pirvelma momxsenebelma unda warmoadginos gundis poziciis mxolod monaxazi. mis funqciebSi ar Sedis damamtkicebeli masalisa da gegmis detalebis warmoCena, amitomac momxsenebelma amaze dro ar unda daxarjos. masalisa da magaliTebis moyvana SeuZlia meore mtkicebiTs Tavis gamosvlaSi, an jvaredini dakiTxvisas, maSin, roca mowinaaRmdege gundi raime konkretul informacias moiTxovs.

savarjiSo #6 `vipovoT upiratesobebi~ 1 etapi _ 10 wuTi

savarjiSos pirvel etapze modebateebi iyofian mcire jgufebad da mexuTe gakveTilze Sesrulebuli savarjiSos safuZvelze (savarjiSo 5.) SeimuSaveben upiratesobebs mwvrTnelis mier Sesworebuli gegmis mixedviT.

2 etapi _ 20 wuTi
savarjiSos meore etapze gundebis warmomadgenlebi 3 wuTis ganmavlobaSi waradgenen upiratesobebs. mwvrTneli detalurad ganixilavs gundebis moxsenebebs yoveli gamosvlis Semdeg;

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VII gakveTili mtkicebiTi pozicia

meore saxis gamosavali _ 10 wT. savarjiSo `vipovoT gamosavali da upiratesobebi _ 70 wT.

meore saxis gamosavali

rodesac wina gakveTilebze saubari iyo gamosavalze, imTaviTve naxsenebi iyo, rom problemis gadasaWrelad mtkicebiT gunds SeuZlia gamoiyenos ori meTodi. erTi _ vrceli, detaluri gegmis wardgena. meore ki SedarebiT ufro martivi gza. es aris mkafiod da lakonurad (SesaZlebelia sulac erTi winadadebis saxiT) Camoyalibebuli gamosavali, romlis wardgenas 10-15 wami moxmardeba. am SemTxvevaSi, gamosavali iZens rezoluciis formas, romelsac aqvs rogorc dadebiTi, aseve uaryofiTi mxare. gamosavali iseTi Rirebulebebis matarebelia, romelic sadavo SeiZleba gaxdes. gamosavlis dadebiTi mxareebis dasabuTeba mouwevs swored mtkicebiT gunds. mtkicebiTi gundis movaleobaa, dasabuTos, rom misi gamosavlis/ ganacxadis dadebiTi mxareebi imdenad mniSvnelovania da ise safuZvlianad aRmofxvras problemas, rom namdvilad gadawonis im uaryofiT momentebs, romlebic SesaZlebelia gaCndes kidec gamosavlis ganxorcielebis procesSi. mtkicebiTma gundma Tavisi gamosavlis dasamtkiceblad unda SeimuSaos ramdenime argumenti. es argumentebi, erTi mxvriv, unda iyos gamosavlis ganxorcielebis Sedegi, meore mxvriv ki, pirdapir unda ukavSirdebodes problemas, mkafiod aCvenebdes, rom TiToeuli argumentiT aRmoifxvreba problemis romelime Zireuli sakiTxi. TiToeuli argumenti mkafiod unda iyos formirebuli da gavrcobili. argumentebi unda gamyardes da dasabuTdes, rogorc logikuri msjelobiT, aseve mtkicebulebebiT. problemis gadaWris pirvel etapze modebatebi SeimuSaveben gegmas, Semdgom ki upiratesobebiT asabuTeben am gegmis Rirebulebas, anu warmogvidgenen argumentacias, Tu ratom aris maTi gegma kargi. asevea problemis gadaWris meore gzaSic. modebateebs evalebaT. ganacxadis saxiT Camoyalibebul gamosavals mouZebnon Sesabamisi argumentebi, anu igive upiratesobebi. meore SemTxvevaSi, modebateebma gacilebiT meti dro unda dauTmon upiratesobebis da argumentaciis damtkicebas, vidre TviT gamosavlis wardgenas.

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rodesac modebateTa gundi irCevs problemis gadaWris meore strategias da gegmis nacvlad gvTavazobs mokled formirebul gamosavals, Semdeg ki upiratesobebiT, argumentebiT ganmartavs am gamosavlis dadebiT mxareebs _ mtkicebiT gunds ar sWirdeba dasabuTeba, rom gamosavali usaTuod, realurad ganxorceldeba. mtkicebiTi gundi ambobs: `kargi iqneba, gamosavali ganxorcieldeba~ . . . aseTi starategiis dros ar aris gansazRvruli gamosavlis arc erTi konkretuli nabiji da, rac mTavaria, is ar pasuxobs SekiTxvebs _ rogor? da ramdeni? mtkicebiTi gundis am strategias saerTaSoriso debatebis sazogadoeba fiats uwodebs.

savarjiSo # 7 `vipovoT gamosavali~ 1 etapi _ 10 wuTi

debatebis mwvrTneli auditorias yofs 4-5 jgufad. TiToeul gunds SesTavazebs 3 gansaxvavebul problemas. gundebma 10 wuTSi unda moifiqron TiToeul problemasTan dakavSirebuli ramdenime gamosavali.

2 etapi _ 15 wuTi
meore etapze gundebi sam-sami wuTis ganmavlobaSi waradgenen TavianT 3 gamosavals.

3 etapi _ 10 wuTi
debatebis mwvrTneli dafaze Camowers gundebis mier SemuSavebul yvela gamosavals. gaimarTeba diskusia, romlis drosac gundebi SeimuSaveben samive problemasTan dakavSirebul erT yvelaze optimalur gamosavals.

4 etapi _ 15 wuTi
savarjiSos meoTxe etapze TiToeulma gundma TxuTmeti wuTis ganmavlobaSi unda SeimuSaos da ganavrcos ramdenime argumenti, romelic daasabuTebs imas, Tu ratom aris kargi maTi gamosavali.

5 etapi _ 20 wuTi
TiToeul gunds moxsenebisaTvis gamoeyofa 3 wuTi. yoveli gundis gamosvlis Semdeg, debatebis mwvrTneli ganixilavs gundebis mier SemuSavebul argumentebs.

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uarmyofeli poziciis formireba VIII gakveTili uarmyofeli pozicia

uarmyofeli gundis movaleobebi da strategia _ 10 wT. uaryofisa da aRdgenis strategiebi _ 10 wT. cvlileba ar aris saWiro _ problema ar arsebobs _ 10 wT. savarjiSo `problemis uaryofa~ _ 60 wT.

uarmyofeli gundis movaleobebi da strategia

politikuri formatis debatebSi umniSvnelovanesi da gadamwyveti faqtori _ logikuri azrovnebaa. Tu mtkicebiTi gundis movaleobebSi Sedis problemis safuZvliani Seswavlis Semdeg misi efeqturi wardgena, am problemis gadasaWreli gzebis povna da, bolos, upiratesobebis saSualebiT gamosavlis vargisianobis dasabuTeba, logikuria, rom sapirispiro mxarem unda SearCios yoveli konkretuli TamaSisTvis gamosadegi efeqturi strategia da TamaSis dasawyisSi dasaxul politikas bolomde miyves. mtkicebiTi gundis mier SemoTavazebuli cvlilebebis sawinaaRmdegod, uarmyofelma gundma Tavisi pirveli moxsenebis win mosafiqrebel droSi unda SearCios sami ZiriTadi strategiidan erT-erTi: uarmyofelma gundma an unda daasabuTos, rom: cvlileba ar aris saWiro, an cvlileba ar gaamarTlebs, an cvlileba sazianoa. pirveli srtategiis SemTxvevaSi uarmyofeli asabuTebs, rom problema an saerTod ar arsebobs da amitom mas arc mogvareba da arc arsebul mdgomareobaSi cvlilebebi sWirdeba, an rom problema cvlilebebis gareSec mogvardeba. meore strategiis SemTxvevaSi, uarmyofeli asabuTebs, rom SemoTavazebuli cvlileba ar gaamarTlebs, vinaidan arasworad aris arCeuli moqmedebis subieqti, an arsebul viTarebaSi da pirobebSi gegma Tu ganxorcieldeba, igi Sedegs ver gamoiRebs, an gegmis Sesruleba Seyovndeba da droSi gaiweleba. uarmyofeli gundi irCevs strategias, romlis mixedviTac asabuTebs, rom gegma sazianoa. man unda daamtkicos, rom gegmis ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi Seiqneba seriozuli moraluri naklovanebebi, realuri ziani, safrTxe. SeiZleba SemuSavdes iseTi Teoria, romlis mixedviTac, Tu gegmas erTi jgufi Seasrulebs, mas kargi Sedegi eqneba, magram Tu imaves sxva gaimeorebs, SeiZleba es saziano gamodges.

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arsebobs jaWvuri reaqciis Teoria, romelic am SemTxvevaSi xSirad gamoiyeneba da amtkicebs, rom moqmedebas aucileblad mohyveba meore, mesame da a.S. nabiji, romelic garkveuli drois Semdeg uares problemebamde migviyvans. uarmyofelma gundma winaswar ar icis, Tu ra problemaze SeaCerebs arCevans mtkicebiTi gundi da romel konkretul politikas miemxroba. miuxedavad amisa, uarmyofeli gundis warmatebis sawindari sadebato sakiTxebis irgvliv masalebis safuZvliani Seswavla, Semdeg ki mtkicebiTi gundis SesaZlo poziciis uaryofaa. amisaTvis uarmyofelma SeiZleba gamoiyanos oponentebis mier SemoTavazebuli logikuri struqtura: problema, brali, gegmis elementebi (vin? ra? rogor? ramdeni?) da bolos _ upiratesobebi. debatebis mosagebad uarmyofelma gundma unda moigos mtkicebiTis mier SemoTavazebuli politikis erT-erTi elementi. swored es aris politikuri debatebis logikuri arsi.

uaryofisa da aRdgenis strategiebi

uarmyofelma gundma mtkicebiTi mxaris mier SemoTavazebuli politikis erT-erTi elementi unda moigos. es sruliad logikuria, vinaidan, Tu uarmyofeli daamtkicebs, rom problema ar arsebobs, maSasadame, cvlilebebic ar aris saWiro da mtkicebiTi mxaris mier SemuSavebul gamosavalze an upiratesobebze gadasvla da maTi uaryofa sruliad zedmetia. am SemTxvevaSi, uarmyofelma gundma TamaSis mimdinareobis manZilze mTeli Tavisi yuradReba, dro da informacia unda daxarjos imis mtkicebaze, rom cvlileba ar aris saWiro. mtkicebiTma gundma mTeli TamaSis ganmavlobaSi unda aRadginos Tavisi problema da daasabuTos, rom cvlilebebis gatareba aucilebelia. Tu uarmyofeli gundi CaTvlis, rom problema namdvilad saWiroebs mogvarebas, magram gzebi, romlebic dasaxa mtkicebiTma mxarem da gegma, romelmac unda gadaWras problema _ ar varga, maSin uarmyofelma problemis mokle mimoxilvis Semdeg, unda daasabuTos, rom amgvari gegma ar gaamarTlebs. an moqmedebis subieqti ar aris sworad gansazRvruli, an Semosatania axali kontrgegma, romelic ukeT gadaWris problemas. aqac moqmedebs is martivi logika, rom Tuki uarmyofelma gundma airCia gamosavlis, gegmis uaryofis strategia, maSin man aRar unda daxarjos dro upiratesobebis uaryofaze. analogiurad, Tu uarmyofelma gundma miznad daisaxa imis damtkiceba rom `gamosavliT aramarto ar miiRweva dadebiTi Sedegebi, aramed SeiZleba sazianoc ki gamodges gegmis ganxorcieleba da Sesabamisad, problema ar gadaiWreba, maSin gegmis niuansze yuradRebis

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SeCereba da droisa da energiis daxarjva ar Rirs. mtkicebiTi mxare yovelTvis unda miyves uarmyofelis logikas da aRadginos swored is punqti, romelsac Seexo oponenti gundi. mtkicebiTi gundi problemis aRmosafxvrelad martivi tipis gamosavals irCevs, anu lakonurad formirebuli ganacxadi Semoaqvs, igi argumentebiT amtkicebs Tavis pozicias. uarmyofeli gundi logikuri msjelobiT da faqtebiT unda daupirispirdes am arguments. efeqturi iqneba kontrargumentebis Semotana. am SemTxvevaSi, mtkicebiTi da uarmyofeli gundebis Serkineba sxvadasxva faseulobisa da Rirebulebis ideaTa da mosazrebaTa SejaxebiT ganxorcieldeba.

problma ar arsebobs
erT-erTi strategiaa, romelic SeiZleba airCios uarmyofelma gundma, aris im faqtis damtkiceba, rom mtkicebiTis mier wamoWrili problema an saerTod ar arsebobs, an arc imdenad seriozulia, rogorc amas oponenti amtkicebs. imisaTvis, rom uarmyofelma amgvari strategiiT seriozulad SeZlos wamoWrili problemis uaryofa, mas es problema winaswar safuZvlianad unda hqondes Seswavlili. uSualod TamaSis dros uarmyofelma yuradRebiT unda moisminos da saguldagulod Caiweros mtkicebiTis mier wamoWrili problemis gansazRvreba. Semdeg ki eWvis qveS daayenos, sworad aris Tu ara warmoCenili status_kvo, xom ar aris igi gazviadebuli an, iqneb, sulac ar Seefereba simarTles. uarmyofelma unda dasvas kiTxva: `realuria Tu ara is uaryofiTi Sedegebi, romlebsac mtkicebiTi gundi uqadis sazogadoebas problemis gadauWrelobis SemTxvevaSi~? mniSvnelovania, rom uarmyofelma gundma yuradReba miaqcios, ramdenad sworad aris dafiqsirebuli problemis gamomwvevi mizezebi da aris Tu ara problema sakmarisad moculobiTi imisaTvis, rom masze Rirdes yuradRebis SeCereba. pirvel uarmyofels Tavis gamosvlaSi mouwevs utyuari faqtebisa da statistikuri masalis moSvelieba. mxolod gaxmaurebuli monacemebisa da avtoritetuli eqpertebis azrze dayrdnobiT SeZlebs uarmyofeli gundi imis damtkicebas, rom problema ar aris imdenad mniSvnelovani, rom masze Rirdes droisa da resursebis daxarjva. uarmyofelma gundma imdenad safuZvlianad da damajereblad unda warmoadginos yovelive es, rom mas amisaTvis SesaZlebelia dasWirdes sakuTari gamosavlis sruli dro. momxsenebels Tamamad SeuZlia daxarjos mTeli es dro mxolod problemis uaryofaze, vinaidan logikuria, rom gegmaze da upiratesobebze gadasvla mas

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sul ar mouwevs. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT imas, rom uarmyofelma gundma winaswar ar icis, ra problemas wamoWris mtkicebiTi gundi, pirveli mtkicebiTis gamosvlis Semdeg, mosafiqrebeli drois msvlelobisas, kargad unda awon-dawonos sakuTari SesaZleblobebi. uarmyofelma mxarem swrafad unda gaarkvios aqvs Tu ara safuZvlianad Seswavlili is konkretuli problema, romelic mtkicebiTma wamoWra da aqvs Tu ara imdenad seriozuli uarmyofeli masala, rom Rirdes amgvari strategiiT TamaSis wayvana. Tu uarmyofel gunds problemis punqtebTan dakavSirebiT seriozuli monacemebi da daskvnebi ar gaaCnia, maSin yuradRebis gadatana sjobs gamosavalsa da upiratesobebze.

savarjiSo #8 `problemis uaryofa~ 1 etapi _ 20 wuTi

auditoria iyofa oTx jgufad da urigdebaT masala, sadac warmodgenilia erTi problema da masTan dakavSirebuli urTierTsapirispiro mosazrebebi. kenWisyris mixedviT, jgufebs gaunawildebaT funqciebi. amgvarad, Camoyalibdeba I mtkicebiTi jgufi. I uarmyofeli jgufi, II mtkicebiTi jgufi, II uarmyofeli jgufi, yvela monawile gaecnoba masalas da moaxdens am masalis diferencirebas imis mixedviT, Tu masalis ra punqtebi amtkiceben problemis arsebobas da ra punqtebi uaryofen mas.

2 etapi _20 wuTi

savarjiSos meore etapi mTlianad daeTmoba TamaSs. I mtkicebiTi gundi ori wuTis ganmavlobaSi wamoWris problemas da akeTebs mis zogad monaxazs, I uarmyofeli uaryofs problemas sami wuTis ganmavlobaSi, II mtkicebiTi faqtebze dayrdnobiT, isev aRadgens problemas, xolo II uarmyofeli gundi kvlav uaryofs mas. uaryofa da aRdgena am TamaSSi faqtebze dayrdnobiTa da logikuri daskvnebis safuZvelze unda Sedges.

3 etapi _ 20 wuTi
savarjiSos mesame etapze debatebis mwvrTneli gaakeTebs komentarebs, aRniSnavs Sejaxebebs da daafiqsirebs, zustad upirispirdebodnen Tu ara gundebi erTmaneTs da ra Secdomebi dauSves. am savarjiSos daxmarebiT, modebateebi swavloben, rogor daupirispirdnen problemas. muSaoben masalebze da gaivarjiSeben debatebis TamaSis teqnikaSi. es savarjiSo iTvaliswinebs momxsenebelTa pasuxismgeblobis ukeT gagebas.

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IX gakveTili problemis uaryofa

arsebuli mdgomareoba TviTon gadaWris problemas _ 10 wT. mtkicebiTma gundma arasworad gansazRvra brali _ 10 wuTi. gegmis uaryofa _ 30 wT. savarjiSo: `problemis uaryofa _ 60 wT.

arsebuli mdgomareoba TviTon gadaWris problemas

uarmyofelma gundma TamaSis procesSi SesaZlebelia dainaxos, rom mtkicebiTis problema iseTi problemebis kategorias ganekuTvneba, romelic arsebul sistemaSi ukve zis. problema ganekuTvneba im kompleqss, romelic mTavrobis mier ukve dafiqsirebulia da zomebic miRebulia. amdenad, calke masze yuradRebis SeCereba da zedmeti xarjebis gaReba ar aris mizanSewonili. uarmyofelma gundma faqtebze dayrdnobiT unda daamtkicos, rom Tuki iqneba dro da movlenebi arsebul pirobebSi ganviTardeba, maSin mTavrobis politika TviTon gadaWris problemas da igi aRar iarsebebs. Tuki uarmyofeli gundi gadawyvets imis damtkicebas, rom cvlileba ar aris saWiro, jer unda daeTanxmos, rom problema marTlac arsebobs da, Tanac, Zalzed seriozuli da kvlav aRadginos sakuTari problema.

mtkicebiTma gundma arasworad gansazRvra brali

mtkicebiTi gundi, problemis gansazRvrisas, mizezebTan erTad asaxelebs imas, Tu visi an risi bralia problemis warmoqmna. TavisTavad, es punqti TiTqos arc ise mniSvnelovania, rom uarmyofelma masTan dapirispireba gadawyvitos, magram arsebobs garkveuli SemTxvevebi, rodesac problemis gadaWris gza gaamarTlebs mxolod da mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu brali sworad aris gansazRvruli.

gegmis uaryofa
politikuri debatebis formatSi erT-erTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani arsobrivi sakiTxia, _ mtkicebiTi gundis mier problemis gadaWris gzebisa da meTodebis SeTavazeba. uarmyofeli mxarec swored am punqtisaken mimarTavs Tavis yuradRebas da cdilobs eWvi Seitanos problemis gadaWris gzebsa da meTodebSi.

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rodesac mtkicebiTi gundi irCevs gamosavlis im taqtikas, sadac gacemulia pasuxebi kiTxvebze vin? ra? rogor? ramdeni? sTavazobs problemis gadaWras konkretuli gegmiT, _ logikuria, rom uarmyofeli gundi ieriSs swored am sakvanZo sakiTxebze miitans. uaryofis starategiaSi mTavaria, rom uarmyofelma gundma mtkicebiT poziciaSi xarvezi ipovos iq, sadac es xarvezi namdvilad aris da Semdgom mTeli TamaSis ganmavlobaSi ar gadauxvios dasaxul gzas. uarmyofelma gundma unda moaxerxos mtkicebis poziciaSi gamosavlis susti mxareebis sworad da zustad danaxva, Semdeg ki maTi logikurad da argumentirebulad uaryofa. amisaTvis uarmyofelma gundma unda dainaxos, qvemoT CamoTvlili punqtebidan romeli esadageba mtkicebiTis mier warmodgenil gegmas. gegma absurdulia da fantaziis nayofia; arsebul socialur, politikur, ekonomikur Tu samarTlebriv fonze gegma ver ganxorcieldeba; gegmis sxvadasxva nabiji, anu gegmis Sesrulebis etapebi ar Seesabameba erTimeores da urTierTgamomricxavia; gegmis ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi, mas ar eqneba samarTlebrivi Sedegi, anu igi ar Secvlis status-kvos ukeTesobisaken; gegmis ganxorcielebas mohyveba garkveuli dadebiTi Sedegebi, magram problema mainc ar gadaiWreba; gegmis ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi, saxeze gvaqvs ziani da gegma gaauaresebs isedac cud mdgomareobas (am strategiis gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi, aucilebelia Candes mizezSedeobrivi kavSiri faqtebs Soris); gegma momavalSi raRac qmedebas gamoiwvevs, romelic negatiur Sedegs moitans; gegmis danxarjebi ar amarTlebs (gegmis ganxorcielebisTvis imdeni xarjia gaweuli, rom saxeze gvaqvs materialuri zarali, romelic imdenad mniSvnelovania, rom gadawonis status-kvos. anu ar Rirs aseTi gziT problemis gamosworeba); gegma imdenad farTo da masStaburia, imdenad moculobiTia, rom misi Sesruleba gaZneldeba. gegmis TiToeuli nabijis Sesruleba kidev damatebiT gegmebs moiTxovs; arasworad aris gansazRvruli moqmedebis subieqti; mtkicebiTis mier SemoTavazebuli gegma status-kvos nawilia, anu amgvari gegma ukve xorcieldeba.

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zemoT CamoTvlili punqtebi daexmareba uarmyofels yoveli TamaSisTvis mosargebi individualuri uaryofis taqtika SearCios. debatebis xelovnebaSi cnobilia, rom uryevi pozicia ar arsebobs. nebismier, yvelaze idealur gegmasac ki moeZebneba susti mxareebi. mTavaria modebateebma kargad gaigon oponentebis pozicia da swrafad moaxdinon reagireba mowinaaRmdegis mier daSvebul Secdomebze. rodesac uarmyofeli gundi Camoayalibebs Tavis strategias, logikuria, rom zemoT CamoTvlili sakmaod danawevrebuli xasiaTis ramdenime punqti gaerTiandeba da uaryofis Zlier birTvs Seqmnis. uarmyofel gunds SeuZlia SearCios uaryofis misTvis sasurveli da mosaxexxebeli nebismieri strategia, magram yvelaze ufro efeqturi strategia is iqneboda, Tu uarmyofeli SeZlebda imis damtkicebas, rom mtkicebiTis mier SemoTavazebuli gegma gamoiwvevs zians. rodesac mtkicebiTi gundi warmoadgens gegmiT miRweul Sedegebs da upiratesobebs, ra Tqma unda, kargi iqneba uarmyofelis mxridan imis dasabuTeba, rom am gegmiT es upiratesobebi ar miiRweva da problema ar gadaiWreba. magram kidev ufro mniSvnelovani da efeqturi iqneba, Tuki uarmyofeli gegmis naklovanebebTan erTad dagvanaxebs zians, romelic moyveba gegmis ganxorcielebas. anu upiratesobebis nacvlad, saxeze gveqneba zarali da status-kvo aramc Tu gaumjobesdeba, aramed gauaresdeba, problema ki ufro Rrma da maStaburi gaxdeba.

savarjiSo #9 `gegmis uaryofa~ 1 etapi _ 40 wuTi

savarjiSos dawyebis win monawileebs vTxovT, rom Camoayalibon gundebi ise, rogorc es savarjiSo #5 Sesrulebisas iyo Camoyalibebuli. gavixsenoT, rom am gundebma savarjiSo #5 Sesrulebis dros SeimuSaves gegma, romelic Semdgom daxvewes. savarjiSos pirvel etapze gundebi waradgenen TavianT gegmebs samwuTiani moxsenebebis saxiT. oponenti gundebi gaakeTeben Canawerebs, romlis safuZvelzec 20 wTuis ganmavlobaSi SeimuSaveben gegmis uaryofis strategias da Camoayalibeben uarmyofel pozicias.

2 etapi _ 20 wuTi
savarjiSos meore etapze gundebi waradgenen uarmyofel pozicias. debatebis mwvrTneli dafaze Seasrulebs Canawers, romlis mixedviTac yoveli gamoslis Semdeg detalrad ganixilavs TiToeul gamosvlas.

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X gakveTili qeisis ZiriTadi nawilis aRdgena

gegmis aRdgena _ 20 wuTi. savarjiSo `gegmis uaryofa da aRdgena~ _ 60 wuTi.

gegmis aRdgena
debatebis teqnikaSi, uaryofis strategiis SerCevas da ganxorcielebas udidesi mniSvneloba aqvs. Tumca gadamwyvetia is, Tu ramdenad sworad SeZlebs mtkicebiTi gundi Tavisi Seryeuli poziciis aRdgenas. wina TavebSi Cven ukve aRvniSneT, rom mtkicebiTma gundma unda aRadginos swored is punqtebi, rasac uarmyofeli mxare Seexo. gadamwyveti faqtori ki mkicebiTi poziciis aRdgenaSi sakuTar gegmasTan dakavSirebuli informaciis Rrma Sinaarsobrivi gageba da konkretuli faqtebis, magaliTebis flobaa. mtkicebiT gunds aramarto Zireulad unda hqondes gaazrebuli sakuTari gegmis esa Tu is niuansi, aramed man unda SeZlos daasabuTos mizezSedegobrivi damokidebuleba Tavisi gegmis ama Tu im nabijsa da Sedegs Soris. mtkicebiTma mxarem winaswar unda gaaanalizos sakuTari gegmis susti mxareebi da sadavo sakiTxebi da Seecados, winaswar gaTvalos, ra punqtebTan dakavSirebiT Seecdeba uarmyofeli mxare dapirispirebas. mtkicebiTma mxarem TamaSis procesSi kargad unda mousminos uaryofas da sworad Seafasos uarmyofelis argumentebi Tavisi gegmis SedegebTan dakavSirebiT. amve dros, mtkicebiTi mxare unda yvelanairad Seecados, rom debatebi ZiriTadad mimarTos Sedegebze da upiratesobebze. Tu mtkicebiTma mxarem moaxerxa uarmyofeli gundis mier gegmis xarvezebisaken an gegmis uaryofiTi Sedegebisaken mimarTuli taqtikis Semobruneba da sakuTari gegmebis dadebiTi Sedegebisa da upiratesobebisaken msjelobis gadatana, maSin igi ukeTes viTarebaSi daayenebs sakuTar pozicias. es ki niSnavs, rom mtkicebiTi mxare SeZlebs sakuTar upiratesobebTan dakavSirebuli damatebiTi damamtkicebeli masalis gamoyenebas. mtkicebiTma gundma jer kidev TamaSisaTvis momzadebis dros unda ecados yvela im SesaZlo zianis gamovlena, rac ki SeiZleba warmoiqmnas gegmis Sesrulebis Sedegad, Semdeg ki Seadaros es ziani upiratesobebs da gaaanalizos SeZlebs Tu ara upiratesobebi zianis gadawonvas. poziciis amgvari momzadeba uTuod sargeblobas

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moutans mtkicebiT gunds da ufro damajerebels gaxdis spikerTa gamosvlebs. mtkicebiTma gundma Tavis bolo gamosvlaSi yuradReba aucileblad unda gaamaxvilos swored imaze, rom SemoTavazebuli cvlilebebi ufro met upiratesobebs moicavs, vidre zians da saboloo jamSi es cvlilebebi sargeblobas moutons sazogadoebas. mtkicebiTi gundis kidev erTi strategiuli svlaa im meTodis gamoyeneba, roca mtkicebiTi mxare TviTon daaswrebs uarmyofels Tavisive gegmis SesaZlo naklovanebebis dafiqsirebas da winaswar SesTavazebs am naklovanebebis gamabaTilebel argumentebsa Tu magaliTebs. am gziT mtkicebiTi gundi abnevs uarmyofels, xelidan aclis argumentebs, romlebic mas jer arcki gamouyenebia da uCvenebs msajs, Tu ra windaxeduli gundia da umtkicebs sakuTari gegmis siZlieres, misi saukeTeso mxareebis ufro damajereblad warmodgeniT. am strategiis gamoyenebis dros mtkicebiTi mxare unda iyos metad frTxili, vinaidan Tu mtkicebiTi gundis warmomadgeneli daibna, es Canafiqri SeiZleba Tavisive sawinaaRmdegod Semotrialdes. uarmyofelma mxarem SeiZleba xelSi Caigdos mtkicebiTis gegmis susti mxareebis mniSvnelovani monacemebi, daumatos sakuTari faqtebi da Tavis sasargeblod gamoiyenos yovelive es.

savarjiSo #10 ` gegmis uaryofa da aRdgena~ 1 etapi _ 20

savarjiSos dawyebisas auditorias vyofT mcire jgufebad da vurigebT winaswar momzadebul gegmas, romelsac aqvs xarvezebi. gundebma 15 wuTis ganmavlobaSi unda SeimuSavon gegmis uaryofis strategia da uarmyofeli pozicia.

masalebi:
rezolucia : saqarTveloSi nafici msajulebis instituti unda ganviTardes. problema : arsebuli sasamarTlo sistema ver uzrunvelyofs udanaSaulo pirTa gamarTlebas.

gamosavali : vin? moqmedebis subieqti _ iusticiis saministro

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ra? da rogor?
mTavrobam unda SemoiRos nafic msajulTa instituti. yvela kategoriis danaSaulebTan mimarTebaSi SemuSavebuli iqneba kriteriumebi, romelTa mixedviT unda SeirCnen nafici msajulebi. unda Seiqmnas konsultantTa samsaxuri, romelic SearCevs nafic msajulebs yoveli konkretuli sasamarTlo procesisaTvis. nafici msajulebi procesis dros unda iyvnen izolirebulni, raTa ar moxdes maTze zewola. amisaTvis sasamarTlosTan unda moewyos sastumro. nafic msajulTa gadawyvetileba unda iyos erTsulovani, amisaTvis parlamentma damatebiTi cvlilebebi unda Seitanos kanonSi.

xarji :
im pirTa siis Sedgenas romlebic Seesabamebian msajulis pozicias _ 30 000 lari (xarjebi gadanawildeba teqnikur personalze, sakomunikacio saSualebebis danaxarjebsa da sxva teqnikur xarjebze). siis mixedviT arCeuli pirebisaTvis uwyebebis gagzavnis xarjebi _ 10 000 lari (sakomunikacio da teqnikuri xarjebi). potenciuri nafici msajulebidan miukerZoebel pirTa SerCevis xarjebi _ 120 000 lari wliurad. (Tanxebi daixarjeba konsultantebis momzadebaze da mecnierul gamokvlevebze, romelTa mixedviTac SeirCevian piruTvneli nafici msajulebi). nafic msajulTa dakompleqteba da xelfasebi da dRiuri xarjebi, sastumros mSenebloba _ 150000 lari

1. etapi _ 20 wuTi
gundebi 4 wuTiani moxsenebis saSualebiT axdenen gegmis uaryofas. mwvrTneli ganixilavs yoveli gundis moxsenebas.

2. etapi _ 20 wuTi
savarjiSos mesame etapze mwvrTneli Tavad gamodis uarmyofeli poziciis dasacavad da saubrobs im strategiebze romelTa gamoyenebac SeiZleboda uaryofis dros. modebateebi akeTeben mwvrTnelis gamosvlis Canawers, raTa savarjiSos Semdgom etapze moaxdinon qeisis aRdgena am masalasTan mimarTebaSi. debatebis mwvrTneli ganmartavs, rom: swored aq dgeba is gadamwyveti momenti, rodesac uarmyofelma

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gundma unda gamoavlinos sakiTxis Rrma wvdoma, codna da Tavisi argumentebis dasamtkiceblad moiyvanos araerTi faqti. Tu modebateebi ar arian kargad gaTviTcnobierebulni im sakiTxSi, ra sakiTxzec midis diskusia, veraviTari ritorikuli an stilisturi xriki ver Seavsebs faqtebis naklebobas. zemoT warmodgenil gegmasTan dakavSirebiT mtkicebiTi gundisaTvis momgebiani iqneboda yuradRebis gamaxvileba im sakiTxebze ramdenad SesaZlebelia da realuria arsebul politikur, socialur da ekonomikur viTarebaSi miukerZoebeli msajulebis povna da rogoria Zvirad anazRaurebadi konsultantebis roli msajulTa SerCevis procesSi. uarmyofeli gundis warmomadgenlebma unda aRniSnon, rom marTalia msajulTa SerCeva yovelgvari diskriminaciis gareSe demokratiulia, magram arsebobs bevri faqti, rodesac msajulTa gadawyvetilebaze gavlenas axdenda maTi rasobrivi, sqesobrivi, seqsualuri, eTnikuri da socialuri kuTvnileba (mag: 1994 w. menensebis saqme, 1992 w. rodni kingis saqme, 1992w. lemrik nelsonis saqme da a.S. _ faqtebi unda iyos gaSifruli). anu daskvna aseTia: Tuki arsebobs faqtebi, romelTa mixedviT msajulebi TavianTi rasobrivi Tu sqesobrivi kuTvnilebis gamo uSveben Segnebul Tu uneblie Secdomebs, maSasadame, upiratesobebis nacvlad gveqneba ziani. procentulad SeiZleba gaizardos damnaSaveTa usafuZvlod gamarTlebis ricxvi. amave dros uarmyofelebs SeuZliaT moiyvanon faqtebi. personalur tramvebTan dakavSirebul saqmeebze nafic msajulTa gadawyvetilebebi ufro emociebs efuZneba vidre faqtebs. (mag: 1994w. niu-meqsikoSi makdonaldsis dajarimeba 3 milioni dolariT) uarmyofel gunds SeuZlia agreTve gaamaxvilos yuradReba imaze, rom miuxedavad imisa, rom nafic msajulTa sistema keTilSobilur principebs efuZvneba, zogjer SeiZleba moxdes am sistemis borotad gamoyeneba. magaliTad es exeba konsultantebs, romlebic sxvadasxva mecnieruli meTodiT arCeven nafic msajulebs. konsultantis momsaxurebiT ufleba aqvs isargeblos ara mxolod dacvis mxares, aramed prokurorsac. kritikosebi evropaSi Tvlian, rom nafic msajulTa mecnieruli SerCeva safrTxes uqmnis sistemis arss, radgan orive mxare cdilobs SearCios misTvis ufro sasurvelad mikerZoebuli msajulebi, vidre piruTvnelni. es problema gansakuTrebiT mwvavdeba, rodesac mxolod erT mxares aqvs sakmarisi finansuri resursi konsultantebis dasaqiraveblad, Sedegad am mxares SeuZlia miiRos gansaxilvelad saqmisadmi simpaTiiT

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ganwyobili msajulebiT dakompleqtebuli Jiuri. uarmyofel mxares SeuZlia xazi gausvas kidev erT mniSvnelovan sakiTxs, _ ramdenad esmiT da asruleben nafici msajulebi im samarTlebriv instruqciebs, romlebsac maT mosamarTle aZlevs. problemas qmnis isic, rom es instruqciebi dawerilia metismetad rTul iuridiul enaze, rac umetesobisaTvis rTulad aRsaqmelia. saintereso iqneba uarmyofli gundis mxridan yuradRebis SeCereba nafic msajulTa fsiqologiur mdgomareobaze procesis msvlelobis dros. Tuki nafic msajulebs ar eqnebaT ufleba, mTeli sasamarTlo procesis ganmavlobaSi wavidnen saxlSi. marTalia izolirebis mizania, moaridon nafici msajulebi mediis zegavlenas, ramac SesaZloa, aacdinos msajulebis gadawyvetileba im realobas, romelic mxareTa Cvenebebs efuZneba, magram izolacias aqvs uaryofiTi mxareebic: is fsiqologiur zegavlenas axdens nafic msajulebze da maT cixeSi yofnis gancda euflebaT. uarmyofel gunds SeuZlia xarvezi ipovos gegmis im punqtSi, sadac naxsenebia, rom msajulebis gadawyvetileba erTsulovani unda iyos. vTqvaT, rom Jiuri ver iRebs erTsulovan gadawyvetilebas. aseT Jiuris CixSi Sesuls uwodeben. aseTi procesi SeiZleba gaiwelos da did materialur xarjebTan iyos dakavSirebuli. kargia, Tu uarmyofeli mxare aRniSnavs, rom SesaZlebelia nafic msajulebs ar gaaCndeT unari, saTanadod gaigon rTul saqmeebze micemuli eqspertuli Cvenebebi. Teoriulad nafic msajulebs aqvT sakmao cxovrebiseuli gamocdileba, raTa saTanadod aRiqvan procesze gansaxilveli sakiTxebi. praqtikaSi ki isini SesaZloa verc SeZleben iseTi sakiTxebis gadawyvetas, rac maTTvis sakmaod ucxoa. bolos, kargi iqneba, Tuki uarmyofeli gundi moiyvans konkretul statistikas imis Sesaxeb, rom iklo mosamarTleTa ndobam nafic msajulTa mimarT, rom bolodroindelma procesebma a.S.S-Si warmoSva eWvi, rom nafic msajulTa Jiuri ar cnobs mZime damnaSaveebad mkvlelebs mxolod da mxolod sikvdiliT dasjis mimarT protestis gamoxatvis mizniT. daskvnis saxiT ki unda iTqvas, rom miuxedavad imisa, rom TiTqos nafic msajulTa sistema demokratiuli da humanuria, igi ar iZleva garantias rom gadawyvetilebebi sworad iqneba miRebuli. saxeze gveqneba aSkara zarali, romelic gadawonis mTel rig upiratesobebs. arsebuli mdgomareoba ki kidev ufro damZimdeba da gamwvavdeba. Tavisi moxsenebis Semdeg mwvrTneli daavalebs modebateebs samkaciani gundebis Camoyalibebas da winamdebare masalebze dayrdnobiT momaval gakveTilamde aRdgenis gegmebis moifiqrebas.

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uaryofa da aRdgena XI gakveTili oponireba

kontrgegmis Semotana _15 wuTi moqmedebis subieqtze mimarTulikontr-gegma _ 15 wuTi gegmis aRdgena kontr-gegmis Semotanis SemTxvevaSi _ 15 wuTi savarjiSo `kontr-gegmis Semotana ~_ 60 wuTi

kontrgegmis Semotana
uarmyofeli gundis meore Zalian mniSvnelovani strategia SeiZleba gaxdes kontr-gegmis Semotana. aqamde uarmyofeli gundis strategia mTlianad mimarTuli iyo mtkicebiTis mier SemoTavazebuli gegmis uaryofaze. anu uarmyofeli ar eTanxmeba oponents im meTodebsa da gzebSi, ra meTodebiTac mtkicebiTi apirebs sistemaSi cvlilebebis ganxorcielebas. politikuri formatis debatebSi uarmyofelebs aseve SeuZliaT daamtkicon, rom gegma, romelsac oponentebi gvTavazoben, ar aris problemis gadaWris saukeTeso saSualeba da SemogvTavazon problemis gadaWris sakuTari gza. kontr-gegmis SemotanasTan dakavSirebiT gaTvaliswinebulia erTi umniSvnelovanesi faqtori. misi Semotana mizanSewonilia mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac gundma ganaxorciela TiTqmis idealuri uaryofa, gamoiyena magaliTebi, dasva ritorikuli SekiTxvebi, imsjela logikurad da warmoadgina Zlieri argumentacia. yovelives moxerxeba da amavdroulad sakuTari kontr-gegmis Semotana 6 wuTSi TiTqmis SeuZlebelia. xolo Tuki uaryofa ar iqneba srulyofili, kontr-gegmis Semotana yovelgvar azrs kargavs. aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac modebateebi, sakuTari kontr-gegmis efeqturad wardgenis mizniT, saswrafod eTanxmebian problemas, erTi-ori sityviT mimoixilaven mtkicebiTis gegmas da gadadian sakuTari gegmis (kontrgegmis) wardgenaze da dasabuTebaze. aseTi TamaSi uintereso da absurduli xdeba. gamodis, rom uarmyofeli gundi pozicias ucvlis mtkicebiTs, romelsac Semdgom uarmyofelis gegmis gabaTileba uwevs. aseTi kerZo SemTxvevebis dros mtkicebiTi mxare ar unda Secdes da gamosvlebis drois umetesi nawili kvlav Tavisi poziciis upiratesobis mtkicebas unda dauTmos da ara kontr-gegmis uaryofas. ase rom, umetes SemTxvevaSi kontr-gegmis Semotana ar aris logikuri da momgebiani. Tuki uarmyofeli gundi mainc gadawyvets kontr_gegmis Semota-

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nas, es unda gaakeTos pirveli uarmyofelis gamosvlaSi, raTa mtkicebiT gunds SesaZlebloba mieces, efeqturad gasces pasuxi uarmyofelis winadadebas. pirveli, rac unda gvaxsovdes aseTi strategiis arCevisas, aris is, rom kontr-gegma unda iyos gegmis absoluturad sawinaaRmdego moqmedeba da gamoricxavdes am oris erTdroulad ganxorcielebas. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, uarmyofelma gundma unda SemogvTavazos iseTi kontr-gegma, romelic ver ganxorcieldeba maSin, rodesac cxovrebaSi gatardeba mtkicebiTis mier SemoTavazebuli winadadeba. anu orive gegma erTdroulad ver ganxorcieldeba imitom, rom logikurad isini erTmaneTs gamoricxaven. mniSvnelovani isaa, rom uarmyofelis mier SemoTavazebuli gegma mniSvnelovnad unda gansxvavdebodes mtkicebiTi gundis mier SemuSavebuli gegmisgan _ axali gegma ar unda iyos Zveli gegmis gaumjobebuli, mcireodeni cvlilebis Semtani varianti. Tu ori gegma unda iyos urTierTgamomricxavi _ martivad Tu vityviT, Tu mtkicebiTi gundi amtkicebs, rom raRac sakiTxi aris `kargi~. uarmyopelma aucileblad unda amtkicos, rom es aris `cudi da ara is,crom SeiZleba raRac amaze ukeTesi an SedarebiT kargi iyos. Tu ase ar moxdeba mtkicebiTs eqneba Sansi, gamoiyenos uarmyofelis kontr-gegma, `miitacos is da gaaumjobesos Tavisi pozicia. magaliTad: rezolucia: saxelmwifom unda uzrunvelyos ganaTlebis maRali done umaRles saswavlo dawesebulebebSi. problema: ucxo enebis swavlebis meTodebi umaRles saswavleblebSi ar Seesabameba saerTaSoriso standartebs.

gamosavali:
unda gamovavlinoT is programebi romlebic Tanamedrove standartebis mixedviT cvlilebebs saWiroebs. ucxo enebis swavlebis Tanamedrove midgomebis SemuSavebisa da kvalificirebuli pedagogiuri Semadgenlobis dasakompleqteblad specialistebi da pedagogebi yovelwliurad mivavlinoT msoflios wamyvan universitetebSi. kontrgegma: uarmyofel gunds SeuZlia daasabuTos, rom reformis gatarebisTvis da ucxouri Tanamedrove meTodebisaTvis ar aris saWiro amdeni adamianis sazRvargareT gagzavna. gacilebiT ufro iafi da efeqturi iqneba, ucxoeli specialistebis weliwadSi ramdenjerme mowveva da farTo auditoriaze gaTvlili treningebis saqarTveloSi Catareba.

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erTi SexedviT, uarmyofeli gundis mier SemoTavazebuli kontrgegma namdvilad mosawonia, namdvilad ar aris gamoricxuli ufro kargi Sedegis miRweva da saxsrebis dazogvac momgebiani iqneba saxelmwifosTvis. magram es gegma sruliad ar gamoricxavs mtkicebiTis gegmas. savsebiT SesaZlebelia am ori gegmis SeTavseba, anu qarTveli leqtorebis sazRvargareT gagzavna kvalifikaciis asamaRleblad da amave dros, ucxoeli specialistebis Camoyvana. ase rom, uarmyofelis kontr-gegma aseTi saxiT ar miiReba. amave dros, mniSvnelovania, rom kontr-gegma ar warmoadgens status-avos nawils. anu kontr-gegma mniSvnelovnad unda gansxvavdebodes im gegmebisgan, rac ukve xorcieldeba problemis gadaWrasTan dakavSirebiT.

moqmedebis subieqtze mimarTulikontr-gegma

erTi, rac yvela gegmas saerTo aqvs, aris is, rom maT hyavT moqmedebis subieqti, anu Semsrulebeli. gansazRvruli subieqtis SemTxvevaSi, uarmyofels SeuZlia daupirispirdes mtkicebiTs swored am punqtze. mag: Tu mtkicebiTi gundi gvTavazobs, rom a.S.S.-m unda uzrunvelyos centraluri amerikis bavSvebi ufaso preparatebiT malariis samkurnalod, opozicias SeuZlia daamtkicos, rom aseTi qmedebis ganxorcieleba jandacvis msoflio organizaciis movaleobaa da ara a.S.S.-si. erTi SexedviT, TiTqos, es ori gegma erTmaneTs ar gamoricxavs, magram saWiroa gavixsenoT, rom uarmyofelma gundma unda gaamarTlos Tavisi arCevani da daasabuTos ramdenime mizezis arseboba, romliTac mtkicdeba, rom a.S.S. ar aris saukeTeso moqmedebis subieqti mtkicebiTi gegmis ganxorcielebisaTvis. a.S.S.-s xSirad gamouyenebia msgavsi humanitaruli qmedebebi, magram iyenebda a.S.S.-Si akrZalul medikamentebs. uarmyofeli gundi ase daasabuTebs, rom mtkicebiTis moqmedebis subieqtis monawileoba amgvar saqmeSi did riskTan da xifaTTan aris dakavSirebuli. imis Semdeg, rac uarmyofeli gundi ganaxorcielebs Setevas, saWiroa, rom man Tavisi SemoTavazebuli moqmedebis subieqti daamtkicos. mag: `jandacvis msoflio organizacias aqvs didi xnis gamocdileba humanitarul da medikamentebTan dakavSirebul saqmianobaSi. maT, amave dros, saerTaSoriso resursebis mozidvisa da moxaliseTa moZiebis ufro farTo SesaZleblobebi aqvT. am mxriv a.S.S. SedarebiT SezRudulia~ amgvarad, uarmyofeli daanaxebs msajs, rom mtkicebiTis gegma did xarvezs Seicavs, xolo moqmedebis subieqtze gaTvlili kontrgegma gacilebiT ufro kargi da qmediTia.

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gegmis aRdgena kontr-gegmis Semotanis SemTxvevaSi

rodesac uarmyofeli gundi gadawyvets, mtkicebiT gunds kontrgegmiT daupirispirdes, igi sakmaod rTuli amocanis winase ayenebs sakuTar Tavs. gacilebiT rTulia, daanaxo msajs mtkicebiTis mier Semotanili gegmis yvela uaryofiTi mxare da, amave dros, daamtkico, rom kontr-gegma gegmaze gacilebiT ukeTesia. miT umetes, rom mtkicebiTi poziciis kargi uaryofiT, kontr-gegmis gareSec SeiZleba TamaSis mogeba. mtkicebiTi gundi, romelic ismens sakuTari gegmis uaryofas da amave dros igebs, rom oponentebma kontr-gegmac Semoitanes, ar unda daibnes. piriqiT, aseT SemTxvevaSi, igi drois reglamentis mxriv momgebian poziciaSic ki aris. mTavaria, mtkicebiTma gamoiyenos es momgebiani pozicia da ar moixiblos kontr-gegmis uaryofiT. ar daxarjos amaze bevri dro. kontr-gegmis Semotanis SemTxvevaSi, mtkicebiT gunds axali asparezi exsneba swored Tavisi gegmis dasabuTebis mimarTulebiT. mtkicebiTi gundis meore momxsenebels Sansi eZleva, safuZvlianad warmoaCinos gegmis detalebi da damamtkicebeli masala da moaxmaros es yovelive imas dasabuTebas, rom gegma namdvilad Rirebulia, rom mas gaaCnia bevri upiratesoba da is bevrad sjobs kontr-gegmas. mtkicebiT gunds ar evaleba kontr-gegmis detaluri garCeva da safuZvliani uaryofa. mtkicebiTma mxolod unda SeZlos kontrgegmis ramdenime xarvezis daWera da misi Sedareba sakuTari gegmis upiratesobebTan. moqmedebis subieqtze mimarTuli kontr-gegmis Semotanis SemTxvevaSic, mtkicebiTma mxarem safuZvlianad unda aRadginos sakuTari gegmis moqmedebis subieqti. mtkicebiTma gundma yuradReba unda gaamaxvilos swored im punqtze, romliskenac aris mimarTuli uarmyofelis ieriSi. amitom Tavisi gamosvlebis ZiriTadi dro mtkicebiTma momxseneblebma swored Tavisi moqmedebis subieqtis kompetenturobaze, miukerZoeblobaze, siZliereze Tu sxva prioritetebze saubarSi unda daxarjos. amisTvis mtkicebiTi gundi kargad unda erkveodes am sakiTxSi da flobdes safuZvlian informacias sakuTari moqmedebis subieqtis saqmianobisa da SesaZleblobebis irgvliv.

savarjiSo: #11 `kontr-gegmis Semotana ~ mizani: monawileebi konkretuli faqtebidan gamomdinare iswavlian gegmis SemuSavebas, kontr-gegmis Semotanas da mis uaryofas. 134

masalebi: rezolucia: adamianTa uflebebi saqarTveloSi unda iyos daculi problema: ojaxuri Zaladoba winaaRmdeg
ojaxuri Zaladoba, rogorc aseTi, qarTul sivrceSi mxolod qalze mamakacis Zaladobad aRiqmeba, isic _ gaWirvebiT. qveyanaSi, sadac qalisadmi pativiscema mamakacis erT-erT mTavar Tvisebad iTvleba, aseT rames dResac Znelad ijereben; dResac _ imitom, rom Cvens sinamdvileSi arsebobs ojaxebi, sadac Zaladoben aramarto qalebze _ colebze, dedebze, debze, aramed _ Svilebzec. arian Tu ara es ukanasknelni Zaladobis uSualo msxverplni, gadamwyveti mniSvneloba ar aqvs _ sxvis mimarT ganxorcielebuli Zaladobis yureba maTSi adamianobis grZnobas, pirovnebas angrevs, gammomdinare aqedan yvela SedegiT. amitom unda gaxdes ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplze zrunva saerTo zrunvis sagani. iman, rom saqarTvelos aseTi msxverpli sxvebze naklebi hyavs, am problemaze Tvali ar unda dagvaxuWinos; sxvagvarad agresiis daZleva Cvens sazogadoebas gauWirdeba. ojaxuri Zaladoba aris ganmeorebadi da xSiri cikli fizikuri, fsiqologiuri, seqsualuri an ekonomikuri Seuracxyofisa, romelsac ojaxis erTi wevri axorcielebs meoreze kontrolisa da Zalauflebis mosapoveblad _ aseTia oficialuri ganmarteba. mecnierebma, advokatebma da praqtikosebma cnes, rom adamianis uflebebis samarTali ganivrcoba iseT piradul sferoze, rogoric aris ojaxuri Zaladoba. ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplni, romelnic gamosavals ukve veRar xedaven, romelTac sakuTari Tavis rwmena aRar gaaCniaT da sircxvilisa da braleulobis gancdiT itanjebian, xSir SemTxvevaSi Svelasac ki aRar iTxoven. maT, visac aseTi ram saqarTveloSi SemTxvevia da daxmarebis povnis survilic gasCenia, 2001 wlidan moyolebuli dRemde, SeeZloT arasamTavrobo organizacia `safaris~ imedi hqonodaT. ojaxuri Zaladobis amsaxveli statistika Cvens qveyanaSi met-naklebad dafiqsirebuli rom aris da tabudadebuli ojaxuri usiamovno ambebic, SeZlebisdagvarad rom gvardeba, am organizaciis damsaxurebaa. `safarSi dasaqmebuli fsiqoTerapevtebi da fsiqologebi, Zaladobis msxverplTa dasaxmareblad fsiqosocialur da samedicino reabilitacias sruliad ufasod da anonimurobis sruli dacviT atareben. satelefono da kabineturi konsultaciebis, fsiqoTerapiuli, samedicino da medikamenturi daxmarebis garda, gansakuTre-

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bulad travmirebuli qalebisaTvis, `safarma~ 2001 wels, pirvelad saqarTveloSi, specialuri anonimuri TavSesafari daaarsa seqsualuri Zaladobis msxverpli qalis dasacavad, romelsac fizikur, seqsualur da fsiqologiur Seuracxyofas sakuTari Svili ayenebda. es TavSesafari dResac arsebobs. pacienti iq sami Tvis ganmavlobaSi rCeba. fsiqologiur konsultaciebTan erTad, mas, moZaladesTan dabrunebis SemTxvevaSi, Tavdacvis meTodebsac aswavlian. intensiur fsiqologiur daxmarebasTan erTad xerxdeba mcirebiujetiani samedicino daxmarebac. ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverpl adamianebs xSirad sWirdebaT aseTi daxmareba, vinaidan umetes nawils reproduqciuli jamrTelobis dazianeba aqvT. TavSesafari ar aris fsiqiatriuli saavadmyofos nevrozuli stacionari _ aq reabilitaciis kurss gadian is adamianebi, romlebic konkretulad ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplni gaxdnen. TavSesafarSi erTdroulad xuT qals SeuZlia cxovreba da reabilitaciis gavla. daarsebidan dRemde `safari~ ojaxuri Zaladobisa problemasa da Zaladobis msxverplTa usafrTxoebaze ori ZiriTadi mimarTulebiT _ Zaladobis prevenciisa da fsiqosocialuri reabilitaciis gziT muSaobs. prevenciul RonisZiebaTa nusxaSi Sedis sazogadoebrivi cnobierebis donis amaRleba, Zaladobis Sedegebis da sazogadoebrivi mniSvnelobis Sesaxeb misi informireba da profesionalTa swavleba. fsiqologiur, socialur da samedicino reabilitaciur RonisZiebebTan erTad `safari~ iTvaliswinebs individualur wyvilebTan ojaxur da, zog SemTxvevaSi, jgufur sesiebs. aRsaniSnavbia, rom satelefono da kabineturi konsultaciebi xorcieldeba rogorc msxverplTan, aseve e.w. agresorTan.

1 etapi _ 30 wuTi
savarjiSos dawyebisas monawileebi iyofian mcire jgufebad da ecnobian masalas. masalaSi aRniSnuli saqmianobis da faqtebis safuZvelze SeimuSaveben moqmedebis gegmas. amis Semdeg gundebi SeimuSaveben sakuTar pozicias kontr-gegmis saxiT, imave problemasTan mimarTebaSi.

2 etapi _ 30 wuTi
savarjiSos Sesrulebis meore etapze gundebi 4 wuTiani moxsenebis saxiT waradgenen sakuTar kontr-gegmebs. debatebis mwvrTneli ki gaakeTebs komentarebs da axsnis, romeli gundis kontr-gegma Seesabameboda ufro metad im kriteriumebs, romlebic gakveTilis dasawyisSi iyo ganxiluli.

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XII gakveTili debati upiratesobebze

pirveli tipis gamosavlis upiratesobebis uaryofa _ 10 wuTi savarjiSo: `upiratesobebis uaryofa~ _ 60 wuTi

pirveli tipis gamosavlis upiratesobebis uaryofa

rogorc viciT, mtkicebiTi gundi Tavisi poziciis wardgenisas garkveul dros uTmobs im upiratesobebis aRniSvnas, rac gegmis ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi aucileblad miiReba. anu upiratesobebSi Camoyalibebulia yvela is dadebiTi Sedegi, rac moyveba gegmis ganxorcielebas. upiratesobebis Camoyalibeba mtkicebiT gundas Wirdeba imisaTvis, rom gaamarTlos Tavisi gamosavali. Sesabamisad, uarmyofel gunds SeuZlia Tavisi uaryofis strategia mimarTos imis dasamtkiceblad, rom mtkicebiTi gundis mier warmodgenili gegma SesaZlebelia Tavisi ideebiT da sxvadasxva qmedebiT ar aris cudad mofiqrebuli da Camoyalibebuli, magram es gegma ver gamoiRebs im Sedegebs, risi imedic aqvs mtkicebiT mxares da mtkicebiTis mier CamoTvlili upiratesobebi ver Secvlis arsebul mdgomareobas. Tuki uarmyofeli mxare pirveli mtkicebiTi momxseneblis gamosvlis Semdeg gadawyvets, ieriSi miitanos upiratesobebis punqtze, mas mouwevs Semdegi sakiTxebis gaanalizeba mosamzadebeli drois ganmavlobaSi.

savarjiSo #12 `upiratesobebis uaryofa~

am savarjiSos msvleloba gansxvavdeba Cven mier ukve SemoTavazebuli savarjiSoebis msvlelobisagan da ufro diskusiis xasiaTs atarebs. monawileebi sxdebian mrgvali magidis principiT. debatebis mwvrTneli mTavari momxseneblis rolSi gamodis. ganxiluli iqneba oTxi Tema. yoveli Temis wardgenis Semdeg auditorias eqneba ufleba, dasvas kiTxvebi. yvela monawiles eqneba ufleba, 30 wamis ganmavlobaSi erTxel dasvas kiTxva. pasuxisaTvis momxsenebels (mwvrTnels) aseve 30 wami eZleva. momavalSi spikeris rolSi kargia, Tu TviTon modebateebi gam-

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ovlen. aseve efeqturia, Tu gamomsvlels eqneba mikrofoni, romelsac kiTxvis dasmis drosac gamoiyeneben modebateebi. mikrofonis faqtori ufro oficialuri da organizebuli garemos Seqmnas Seuwyobs xels. Cven visaubreT imaze, rom mozardebisaTvis Tavisufali da pozitiuri garemos Seqmnas debatebis swavlebis dros mniSvnelovani roli eniWeba, Tumca, aseTi imitirebuli sajaro diskusiebis tipis gakveTilebis mowyoba aseve mniSvnelovnad moqmedebs mozardebis ganviTarebaze. msvleloba _ 60 wuTi sadiskusio masalebi: gegmis ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi, namdvilad miiReba dadebiTi Sedegebi, magram es ar aris sakmarisi imisaTvis rom aRmoifxvras problema. magaliTi: Tuki mtkicebiTi gundis problemaa narkotikebis raodenobis mozRvaveba saqarTveloSi da gegma iTvaliswinebs TurqeTis, azerbaijanisa da somxeTis sazRvrebze kontrolis gaZlierebas damatebiTi sakontrolo punqtebis gaxsniT, romlebic konkretulad narkotikebis gamovlenis specifikaze imuSaveben, _ uarmyofels SeuZlia Tqvas rom es qmedeba Sedegs namdvilad gamoiRebs da narkotikebis Semosvla am gziT SeizRudeba; magram es upiratesoba ar aris sakmarisi, igi ver aRmofxvris problemas da ver gaaumjobesebs status-kvos, vinaidan narkotikebi ruseTidan didi raodenobiT Semodis da imis Semdeg, rac saqarTvelo gaamkacrebs kontrols TurqeTis, azerbaijanis da somxeTis sazRvrebze, ruseTis sazRvris gavliT ufro gaizrdeba narkotikebis Semotanis masStabebi. ase rom, problema mainc gadauWreli darCeba. gegmasa da upiratesobebs Soris aris mizezSedegobrivi kavSiri. ganvixiloT magaliTi: davuSvaT, rom mtkicebiTi gundi saSualo skolaSi codnis donis amaRlebis problemas agvarebs gegmiT, romlis erT-erTi punqtia yvela klasSi weliwadSi orjer, semestris bolos Semajamebeli gamocdebis Catareba. uarmyofels SeuZlia daasabuTos, rom codnis dabali done aris saswavlo programebis Seusabamobebis, araefeqturi swavlebis meTodebisa da saxelmZRvaneloebis dauxvewaobis brali. amitom gamocdebis xSiri Catareba ar gaaumjobesebs swavlebis xarisxs da ar aamaRlebs codnis dones. es mxolod moswavleTa organizebulobis da pasuxismgeblobis ganviTarebas Seuwyobs xels. es,

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ra Tqma unda, kargia, magram problema mainc gadauWreli darCeba. mtkicebiTma mxarem Camoayaliba iseTi xasiaTis upiratesoba, romelic, sikeTis garda, SeiZleba zianis momtanic iyos. ganvixiloT magaliTi: davuSvaT, mtkicebiTi gundi wamoayenebs problemas _ mosaxleobis usafrTxoeba unda iyos daculi da SeimuSavebs gegmas, romlis mixedviT, nebismier jansaRi fsiqikis da aranasamarTlev adamians ufleba eqneba ataros gaformebuli iaraRi Tavdacvis mizniT. xolo upiratesobaSi Camoyalibebuli iqneba, rom borotmoqmedebi, romlebsac ar ecodinebaT, aqvs Tu ara moqalaqes iaraRi, moeridebian adamianze Tavdasxmebs da Zarcvas. uarmyofels SeuZlia daeTanxmos, rom garkveuli logika aris am upiratesobaSi, magram, amave dros, Tavdamsxmeli, romelsac ecodineba, rom moqalaqes SesaZlebelia iaraRi hqondes, Seecdeba Tavdasxma ramdenime damnaSavesTan erTad ganaxorcielos da TviTon daaswros moqalaqes iaraRis gamoyeneba. anu Zarcvas SeiaraRebuli Tavdasxmebi daemateba, rac gaauaresebs kriminogenul situacias. mtkicebiTma mxarem Camoayaliba upiratesobebi, romlebic momavalSi ramodenime negatiur Sedegs gamoiwvevs. ganvixiloT magaliTi: davuSvaT, mtkicebiTi gundi narkobiznesis problemas agvarebs gegmiT, romelic iTvaliswinebs, saqarTvelos masStabiT daaxloebiT 50 afTiaqSi legalurad daiSvas garkveuli narkotikebis gayidva. upiratesobebSi ki Camoyalibebulia, rom narkotikebis momxmareblebi, Savi bazris nacvlad, narkotiks afTiaqSi oficialurad SeiZenen da aRar isargebleben narkovaWrebis momsaxurebiT. uarmyofel gunds SeuZlia daasabuTos, rom narkotikebis legalizacia provocireba iqneba im pirebisaTvis, romlebic adre ar xmarobdnen narkotikebs, vinaidan kanonmorCilebi arian. Tu uarmyofeli gundi aseT logikas gahyveba, mas ar gauWirdeba imis dasabuTeba, rom narkotikebis momxmarebelTa ricxvi gaizrdeba, xolo Savi bazari mainc iarsebebs. iq gaiyideba is narkotiki, romelic ar iqneba legalizebuli. sabolood, SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom uarmyofel gunds SeuZlia upiratesobebis uaryofis nebismier erT taqtikas mimarTos, an sulac yvela erTad gamoiyenos imisda mixedviT, Tu rogor ganviTardeba TiToeuli konkretuli TamaSi. aqac iseve, rogorc uaryofis sxva strategiebSi, mniSvnelovania Tanmimdevruloba. uarmyofeli gundis samive spikeri erTi mimarTulebiT unda utevdes mtkicebiTis upiratesobebs. ra Tqma unda, aqac udidesi mniSvneloba faqtebisa da

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magaliTebis gamoyenebas eniWeba. imisaTvis, rom mtkicebiTma gundma SeZlos Tavisi upiratesobebis aRdgena, man kargad unda gaiazros strategia, romliTac upirispirdeba uarmyofeli gundi. davuSvaT, uarmyofeli mxare asabuTebs, rom gegmis erT-erTi Sedegi, upiratesobis nacvlad, zianis momtani iqneba. mtkicebiTma mxarem ar unda daxuWos Tvali amaze da ar unda gadaitanos yuradReba sxva upiratesobebze, ar unda dakargos dro imis dasabuTebaze, razec maincdamainc ar edavebian. mtkicebiTma swored is upiratesoba unda wamowios wina planze, romelzec moxda dapirispireba da mTeli dro, energia da codna daxarjos imis dasamtkiceblad, rom ziani ar iqneba da daasabuTos, rogor aicilebs igi negatiur Sedegs.

XIII gakveTili debati upiratesobebze

rogor davupirispirdeT meore tipis gamosavals _ 20 wuTi. savarjiSo _ `martivi tipis upiratesobebis uaryofa~. _ 40 wuTi.

rogor davupirispirdeT meore tipis gamosavals

rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, karl poperis debatebi politikuri elementebiT iTvaliswinebs ori tipis gamosavals. sxvagvarad rom vTqvaT, modebateebs SeuZliaT gansazRvruli problemis gadasaWrelad SeimuSaon gegma, an warmoadginon erTiani ramdenime winadadebiT Camoyalibebuli gamosavali, romelic karl poperis debatebis rezolucias daemsgavseba. uarmyofel gunds, ra Tqma unda, am SemTxvevaSic SeuZlia daupirispirdes problemas, Tumca, rogorc wesi, dapirispireba xdeba im upiratesobebze, romlebsac CamoTvlis da ganavrcobs mtkicebiTi gundi. ase rom, mtkicebiTi gundis pirveli momxseneblis gamosvlis Semdeg SeiZleba daiwyos tipuri karl poperis saxelobis debate, anu debati Rirebulebebze. uarmyofeli Seudgeba argumentebis gabaTilebas, mtkicebiTi maT aRdgenas da a.S. am SemTxvevaSi gamosavali imgvari Rirebulebebis matarebelia, romelic sadavo SeiZleba gaxdes. mtkicebiTi gundi daasabuTebs Tavisi gamosavlis dadebiT mxareebs, uarmyofeli ki Seecdeba, eWvi Seitanos imaSi, Tu ramdenad dadebiTia gamosavlis damamtkicebeli argumentebi da ram-

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denad amarTleben isini gamosavals. martivad rom vTqvaT, uarmyofelma gundma unda uaryos gamosavali misi upiratesobebis (argumentebis) uaryofis gziT. bolos ki daskvnis saxiT gaaanalizos mtkicebiTis gamosavlis upiratesobebis kavSiri problemasTan.

ganvixiloT magaliTi:
rezolucia: saxelmwifom unda uzrunvelyos adamianis uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis dacva. problema: saxelmwifom unda uzrunvelyos mZime avadmyofebis uflebebis dacva. Tavisuflebebi, romelsac negatiuri uflebebsac uwodeben, saxelmwifos pasiurobasac gulisxmobs. rodesac vambobT,rom me maqvs romelime Tavisufleba, es niSnavs, rom saxelmwifos ar aqvs ufleba, uxeSad Caerios Cvens pirad cxovrebaSi da individualur qmedebebSi, Tu es ar uqmnis safrTxes garSemo myofT. sityvis an sindisis Tavisufleba ukrZalavs xelisuflebas am sakiTxebSi Carevas. sicocxlis uflebis amgvari gageba niSnavs, rom Cemi sicocxle Cems xelSia da misi warTmevis ufleba aravis aqvs, Cem garda. seriozuli problemebi maSin iCens Tavs, rodesac saqme sicocxlis dasawyisTan gvaqvs. miuxedavad imisa, rom medicinam arnaxul warmatebas miaRwia, zogierTi pacienti ganwirulia. vinaidan eqimi valdebulia ,bolomde ibrZolos adamianis sicocxlis SenarCunebisaTvis, igi axangrZlivebs mis tanjvas. aTasobiT adamiani msoflioSi sasikvdilod aris ganwiruli, Seguebulia kidec amas, mijaWvulia sawolze, saSinlad itanjeba tkivilebisagan da sikvdilze ocnebobs. aseTi adamianisTvis sicocxles azri aRar aqvs. igi itanjeba moralurad da fizikurad, magram mas ar aqvs ufleba, gainTavisuflos Tavi tanjvisagan. dRes saqarTveloSi adamians aqvs ufleba, uari Tqvas mkurnalobaze, magram eqimis CareviT Tavisi sicocxlis moswrafebis ufleba ar gaCnia. rac adamianis sicocxlis Tavisuflebis uflebas laxavs.

meore tipis gamosavali:

saqarTveloSi evTanazia unda dakanondes.

upiratesobebi:
evTanaziis dakanoneba adamians tanjvisagan aTavisuflebs. evTanaziis praqtika zog qveyanaSi farTodaa danergili da waxalisebuli saxelmwifos mier. zogan evTanaziis SesaZleblobis TiToeul SemTxvevas sasamarTlo ganixilavs da gascems, an ar gascems nebarTvas. holandiaSi eqimebs ufleba aqvT, tanjvisagan gaanTavisuflon avadmyofi. yoveli ocdamexuTe ukurnebeli seniT daavadebuli holandieli, romelic saxlSi xvdeba sikvdils, samedicino daxmareb-

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is am ukidures formas mimarTavs. evTanaziis SemTxvevebi holandiaSi dRiTi dRe matulobs. mosaxleoba mieCvia im azrs, rom damoukideblad SeuZlia sakuTari bedis gansazRvra. holandiaSi Camoyalibebulia evTanaziis sazogadoeba~, romelic miiCnevs, rom saxelmwifo icavs adamianis sicocxlis Tavisuflebis uflebas, rodesac momakvdavs exmareba, ganTavisufldes tanjvisagan. pasiuri evTanaziis ufleba xels Seuwyobs donori organoebis mopovebas. dRes samedicino teqnika da intensiuri Terapiis meTodebi imdenad ganviTarda, rom aparatebs, romlebic organizmis yvela sasicocxlod mniSvnelovan funqcias asruleben, praqtikulad SeuzRudavad SeuZliaT, gadaswion sikvdilis dadgomis momenti. im pacientebis sicocxle, romlebic verasdros gamovidnen komis mdgomareobidan, azrs kargavs. aparatis gamorTvis gziT pacienti umtkivneulod datovebs am qveyanas, misi janmrTeli organoebi ki sxva adamianebs sicocxles SeunarCuneben. mtkicebiTi gundis mier SemoTavazebuli amgvari qeisis SemTxvevaSi, uaryofil gunds SeuZlia daupirispirdes TviT evTanaziis ideas da ganacxados, rom adamianis sicocxlis Tavisuflebis dacva saxelmwifos mxridan evTanaziis dakanonebis gziT ar aris gamarTlebuli da Tu evTanazia dakanondeba, mas eqneba imdeni uaryofiTi Sedegi, rom upiratesobebi am uaryofiTi momentebiT gadaiwoneba. konkretulad, uarmyofels pirvel upiratesobasTan dakavSirebiT SeuZlia Tqvas, rom iseTi qveynebi, rogoric aris a.S.S. da germania, evTanazias ar amarTleben da miiCneven, rom es saxelmwifos mier dakanonebuli avadmyofi adamianis sikvdiliT dasjas warmoadgens. eqimi ki jalaTs emsgavseba. arsebobs bevri preparati, romelic Seumsubuqebs adamians tanjvas. SeiZleba xelisuflebas hqondes ufleba, Zalaufleba misces adamianTa erT jgufs (am SemTxvevaSi, eqimebs) meore jgufis (pacientebis) mosaklavad. amitom evTanaziasTan mimarTebaSi sicocxle swored rom Tavisuflebaa, radgan Tavad saxelmwifo ar unda iyos mkvleli. amgvarad, evTanaziis nebismieri formiT legalizeba danaSaulia. meore upiratesobas uarmyofeli SeiZleba daupirispirdes moraluri TvalsazrisiT da Tqvas, rom romis papi sastiki winaaRmdegia evTanaziis. igi acxadebs, rom erTi adamianis mokvdinebis xarjze ar SeiZleba meore adamians mivaniWoT sicocxle~. romis papma xazi gausva agreTve, rom samedicino muSakebis valdebulebaa adamianis sicocxlis dacva. germaniaSi evTanazia adamianis sicocxlis uflebis Selaxvad iTvleba vinaidan mowyalebis gaRebis mizniT mkvleloba germaneli xalx-

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is cnobierebaSi TeTrxalaTiani nacistebis TviTnebobas ukavSirdeba, romelTac hqondaT imis gadawyvetis ufleba, Tu vin unda icocxlos da vin ara. amgvari dapirispirebis SemTxvevaSi, mtkicebiT da uarmyofel gundebs Soris warimarTeba kamaTi imis Taobaze Tu ramdenad aris gamarTlebuli da misaRebi evTanaziis dakanoneba. rogorc viciT, mtkicebiTi gundis amgvar strategias fiati ewodeba, rac niSnavs `dae iyos, ase~, anu davuSvaT asea. konkretulad rom vimsjeloT, mtkicebiTi gundi, romelic Tavis gamosavalSi ganacxadebs, rom saqarTveloSi evTanazia unda dakanondes, ar asabuTebs, Tu rogor moxdeba evTanaziis dakanoneba, an realuria Tu ara saerTod amgvari kanonis SemoReba, eyoleba Tu ara am kanons mowinaaRmdegeebi parlamentSi da sxva. mtkicebiTi ubralod ambobs, es ase unda moxdes da es kargi iqneba. amitomac uarmyofeli gundi kargad unda gaerkves mtkicebiTis qeisis TaviseburebebSi da daupirispirdes ara gamosavalsa rogorc raRac ganuxorcielebels, aramed uaryos es gamosavali misi Sedegebis gabaTilebiT, anu mis upiratesobebTan dapirispirebiT. ganvixiloT magaliTi: Tuki mtkicebiTi gundis gamosavalia is, rom amerikis yvela StatSi unda gauqmdes sikvdiliT dasja, am SemTxvevaSi, mtkicebiT gunds ar ainteresebs prezidentis an kongresis pozicia. mTavaria is, misaRebia Tu ara TviT idea sikvdiliT dasjis gauqmebasTan dakavSirebiT. amitomac uarmyofeli ar amaxvilebs yuradRebas imaze, rom es gamosavali ganuxorcielebelia imitom rom, garkveuli Statebi winaaRmdegobas gauweven amgvar reformas, xolo kongresi ar miiRebs am kanons da a.S. uarmyofeli ubralod isaubrebs, rom Tuki sikvdiliT dasja gauqmdeba yvela StatSi, es gamoiwvevs uaryofiT Sedegs, magaliTad dausjelobis sindromis gaRvivebas, danaSaulebaTa ricxvi zrdas, SurisZiebis faqtebs dazaralebulTa mxridan da a.S.

savarjiSo #13 `martivi tipis upiratesobis uaryofa~ masalebi: rezolucia: soflis meurneoba saqarTveloSi unda ganviTardes daviwrovebuli rezolucia: saqarTveloSi mevenaxeoba wamyvani dargi unda gaxdes.
problema: qarTuli vazis genofondi, rogorc msoflio genofondis Rirseuli Semadgeneli nawili, mTel msoflioSia aRiarebuli. amis erT _ erTi TvalsaCino dadasturebaa misi fiqsacia parizis vazis genetikuri resursebis katalogSi. Tumca, unda vaRiaroT, rom vazis da Rvinis samSobloSi vazi kvdeba, Rvino ki iryvneba. eqspertebi ase fiqroben _ romeli vazis samSobloze da akvanzea

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saubari, roca axlad gaSenebul venaxebSi saferavsa da mwvanes vaqirulad da SaniZe (ujiSo vazi hibridi) Warbobs da am hibridebidan miRebuli Rvinoebi `qinZmaraulad~ da `axaSenad~ iyideba? germanuli sakonsultacio kompania `giz~ _ is konsultantebma, romlebmac Cveni daavadebuli venaxebic daaTvalieres da yovelgvari samarko da arasamarko Rvino igemes, Riad ganacxades: _ `gaCumdiT mainc~. . .? 5 da 10 saukunis win ra kultura gqondaT, amaze saubari sxva sferoa, dRes ki mevenaxeoba-meRvineobaSi xmac ar amogeRebaT~. mterma romelic istoriul warsulSi mxolod garkveuli xniT gvipyrobda, dRes sakuTriv CvenSi gadmoinacvla da TiTqmis samudamod Segvipyro. imas, rac dRevandel mevenaxeoba-meRvineobaSi xdeba, SeiZleba, rogorc kulturuli, aseve ekonomikuri TviTmkvleloba vuwodoT. dRes boTlSi Casxmuli naxevrad tkbili Rvinoebis 99% ujiSo yurZenzea damzadebuli. SeiZleba iTqvas, vaqirulam mTeli qarTuli meRvineoba waleka, arada, CvenTvis vazi kulturuli faseulobaa da am mxriv marTlac iSviaTi memkvidreoba gvergo. qarTuli vazis nayofs an Tundac foTols erTic rom daxedo masSi saukuneebi igrZnoba, TiTqos, warsulSi iyurebi da mTel istorias xedav.

1 etapi _ 20 wuTi
savarjiSos pirvel etapze auditoria daiyofa mcire jgufebad, jgufebis wevrebi gaecnobian masalebs da SeimuSaveben gamosavals da upiratesobebs.

2 etapi _ 25 wuTi
TiToeuli gundi waradgens mtkicebiT qeiss (problema, gamosavali, upiratesobebi) 5 wuTis ganmavlobaSi. yovel gunds savarjiSos msvlelobaSi eyoleba Tavisi oponenti gundi, romelic Caiwers mTels moxsenebas.

3 etapi _ 30 wuTi
savarjiSos mesame etapze gundebi daupirispirdebian upiratesobebs sami wuTis ganmavlobaSi, xolo mtkicebiT mxares moTamaSe gundebi kvlav aRadgenen TavanT argumentebs, aseve sami wuiTs ganmavlobaSi.

4 etapi _ 25 wuTi
savarjiSos meoTxe etapze debatebis mwvrTneli detalurad ganixilavs Sejaxebis areebs, ganmartavs gundebis Secdomebs da miscems miTiTebebs.

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XIV gakveTili jvaredini dakiTxva da momxsenebelTa pasuxismgeblobebi

jvaredini dakiTxvis miznebi da xerxebi _ 20 wuTi savarjiSo`jvaredini dakiTxva~ _ 40 momxsenebelTa movaleobebi da msajoba _ 20 wuTi

jvaredini dakiTxvis miznebi da xerxebi

politikur debatebSi, iseve, rogorc poperis formatSi, TamaSis msvlelobisas imarTeba oTxi jvaredini dakiTxva, romelic sami wuTis ganmavlobaSi grZeldeba. aqac pirveli jvaredini dakiTxva imarTeba mesame uarmyofel da pirvel mtkicebiT momxsenebels Soris. vinaidan politikuri debatebi taqtikuri TamaSia, pirvel jvaredin dakiTxvas gansakuTrebiT didi mniSvneloba aqvs. swored am punqtis safuZvelze unda gadawyvitos uarmyofelma gundma, mtkicebiTi poziciis romel elements SearCevs uaryofisaTvis. rogorc viciT, jvaredini dakiTxvis Sedegad miRebul sasurvel pasuxs aucileblad iyenebs Semdegi gamomsvleli. uarmyofel gunds unda axsovdes, rom pirveli uarmyofelis gamosvlaSi gacxadebuli taqtika mTeli TamaSis ganmavlobaSi ar unda Seicvalos. sakmarisia gundma romelime Semdgom gamosvlaSi gadauxvios uaryofis Tavidan arCeul meTods, rom misi dapirispirebis simZafre da efeqturoba daikargeba. amitomac uaRresad mniSvnelovania, rom uarmyofelma mxarem pirvel jvaredin dakiTxvaSi dasvas rac SeiZleba ufro meti kiTxva mtkicebiTi poziciis yvela punqtTan dakavSirebiT. am SemTxvevaSi, kargi iqneba mosafiqrebeli drois efeqturi gamoyeneba. Tuki gunds winaswar eqneba SemuSavebuli garkveuli struqtura, mas ar gauWirdeba, mcire drois ganmavlobaSi dasvas saintereso kiTxvebi da miiRos sasurveli pasuxebi. Cven SemogTavazebT im savareudo mimarTulebebs, razec unda dafiqrdes uarmyofeli gundi pirveli mtkicebiTi momxseneblis gamosvlis procesSi da pirveli jvaredini dakiTxvis win mosafiqrebel dros: sworad ganmarta Tu ara oponentma problema da ramdenad kavSirSia igi rezoluciasTan. aris Tu ara kavSirSi status-kvo dasmul problemasTan. gvisabuTebs Tu vera konkretuli faqtebiT oponenti statuskvoSi cvlilebebis Setanis aucileblobas.

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 ramdenad mniSvnelovana problema da Rirs Tu ara saerTod masze drois, energiis, adamianuri da materialuri resursebis daxarjva. arsebobs ki realuri statistika, romelic gvisabuTebs dasmuli problemis mniSvnelovanebas?! anu xom ar aris problema fantaziis nayofi? TviTonve xom ar gadaWris status-kvo problemas. iqneb, arsebul politikaSi ukve aris Cadebuli iseTi programa, romelic exeba dasmul problemas? maSin SesaZlebelia priblema statuskvos nawili gaxdes. am SemTxvevaSi, debati dauSvebelia. iqneb problema saerTodac ver gadaiWreba?! swored gansazRvra Tu ara mtkicebiTma gundma brali? swored aris Tu ara gansazRvruli moqmedebis subieqti. ra roli ekisreba konkretuli moqmedebis subieqts da aris Tu ara kavSiri moqmedebis subieqtis kompetenciasa da gegmis ganxorcielebis process Soris. gadaWris Tu ara gegma problemas. Sesrulebadia Tu ara es gegma arsebul viTarebaSi. ra winaaRmdegobebs waawydeba gegma. moaqvs Tu ara gegmas ziani. ra cudi Sedegi SeiZleba mohyves gegmis ganxorcielebas. xorcieldeba Tu ara ukve amgvari gegma, anu xom ar aris mtkicebiTis mier SemoTavazebuli gegma status-kvos nawili. aris Tu ara gegmis punqtebs Soris mizezSedegobrivi kavSiri. aris Tu ara faqtebs Soris mizezSedegobrivi kavSiri. miiReba ki SemoTavazebuli gegmidan yvela is upiratesoba, rac CamoTvala mtkicebiTma mxarem? gadawonis Tu ara upiratesobebi im zians romelic SeiZleba warmoiqmnas gegmis Sesrulebis SemTxvevaSi. is upiratesobebi, ronlebic gegmis Sedegad miiReba, aRmofxvrias Tu ara problemas, anu miRebuli upiratesobebi iqneba Tu ara imis garantia, rom status-kvo ukeTesobisaken Seicvleba. imis Semdeg, rac uarmyofeli mxare msgavs sakiTxebs ganixilavs, gundis wevrebma swrafad unda moifiqron mtkicebiTis qeisiden gamomdinare konkretuli kiTxvebi. Zalian mniSvnelovania, rom sami wuTis ganmavlobaSi uarmyofelma mxarem moaswros oponentis moxsenebis yvela elementis gamoZieba zogadad, xolo yvelaze sust punqtTan dakavSiorebiT ramdenime konkretuli kiTxvis dasmac da pasuxis mosmenac. amis Semdeg uaemyofel gunds kidev erTxel eqneba saSualeba, dafiqrdes, mtkicebiTi mxaris romel punqtSi aRmoCenili xarvezebi

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aris metad mniSvnelovani da amis mixedviT aagos uaryofis strategia. meore jvaredin dakiTxvas, romelsac awarmoebs uarmyofeli mxare, ufro konkretuli miznebi aqvs. am droisaTvis uaryofis politika ukve SerCeulia da gundebi mtkicebiTi poziciis mxolod erT punqtze kamaToben. logikuria, rom uarmyofeli gundis meore jvaredini dakiTxva mTlianad mimarTulia am punqtis susti mxareebis mxilebisaken. amisaTvis uarmyofelma mxarem meore mtkicebiTi momxseneblis gamosvlaSi unda eZios faqtebsa da daskvnebs Soris mizezSedegobrivi kavSirebis uzustobebi da logikur msjelobaSi daSvebuli xarvezebi. jvaredini dakiTxva mSvenieri saSualebaa yovelive amis dasadgenad. mtkicebiTi gundis mier Catarebul orive jvaredin dakiTxvas erTi da igive mizani aqvs. mtkicebiTma gundma dasmuli kiTxvisa da miRebuli pasuxebis xarjze Tavisi poziciis reabilitacia unda moaxdinos. mniSvnelovania, rom kiTxvebi daisvas im konkretul sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT, razec moxda Sejaxeba uarmyofeli gundis mxridan. jvaredin dakiTxvas aqvs ramdenime meTodi da principi, romelTa gamoyeneba da dacva exmareba moTamaSes sasurveli pasuxis miRebaSi. am askiTxebze saubari Cven ukve gvqonda wignis pirvel nawilSi. amitom am Temaze amjerad ar SevCerdebiT. aRvniSnavT mxolod imas, rom jvaredini dakiTxva ar imarTeba msajisaTvis. mas mxolod da mxolod moTamaSeebisaTvis aqvs udidesi mniSvneloba da am sakiTxis teqnikuri daxvewa debatis dros namdvilad moutans warmatebas nebismier gunds.

savarjiSo #14 `jvaredini dakiTxva~

masalebi: savarjiSo #13 _ is masalebi da modebateTa mier SemuSavebuli qeisebi 1 etapi _ 10 wuTi savarjiSos pirvel etapze auditorias vyofT orkacian gundebad, principiT erTi erTis winaaRmdeg. monawileebs vavalebT, individualurad SeimuSaon rac SeiZleba meti kiTxva. 2etapi _ 30 wuTi jvaredini dakiTxvisaTvis TiTo dapirispirebul wyvils eZleva 6

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wuTi. maT rigrigobiT unda dausvan erTmaneTs kiTxvebi da gascen saTanado pasuxebi. kiTxva-pasuxi unda mimdinareobdes dinamikurad da organizebulad. debatebis mwvrTneli Tvalyurs adevnebs jvaredin dajiTxvas d axels uwyobs modebateebs, maqsimalurad gamoavlinon TavianTi SesaZleblobebi. momxsenebelTa movaleobebi da msajoba Cveni wignis meore nawili daeTmo karl poperis debatebis Seswavlas, romelic `politikuri elementebiT~ debatebis saxeliT aris cnobili. es formati, rogorc adre aRvniSneT, Tavisi struqturiT, poperis debatebis identuria. erTmaneTs kvlav ejibrereba sami moTamaSisagan Semdgari ori gundi _ mtkicebiTi da uarmyofeli. momxsenebelTa gamosvlebis Tanmimdevroba da drois reglamenti, jvaredini dakiTxva da mosafiqrebeli dro politikur formatSi ar icvleba. msajsac am formatSi igive funqciebi akisria. politikur debatebSi msaji, ra Tqma unda, adevnebs Tvalyurs wesebis dacvas, gamosvlebis Tanmimdevrobas, magram mainc am formatSi yvelaze mTavaria is, Tu ramdenad logikuri iyo gundis msjeloba. msajis ZiriTadi movaleobebi ki kvlav TamaSis wayvana da drois daniSvna, Canaweris gakeTeba, biuletenis Sevseba, gamarjvebulis gamovlena, TamaSis ganxilva da individualuri komentarebis gakeTeba rCeba. iseve, rogorc poeris debatebSi, gadawyvetilebas msajebi erTmaneTisagan damoukideblad da SeuTanxmeblad iReben. mniSvnelovania gvaxsovdes, rom debatebis TamaSis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebis misaRebad ar arsebobs erTaderTi da swori gza, saerToa mxolod kriteriumebi: logikuri msjeloba, argumentacia, analizi, efeqturi prezentacia, organizebuloba, damamtkicebeli masala, gunduri TamaSi, momxsenebelTa movaleobebis Sesruleba, oponentis pativiscema.

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saparlamento debatebi
saparlamento debatebis satreningo masalebi 1999 wlidan fond `Ria sazogadoeba saqarTvelos karl poperis debatebis programis saSualebiT qarTul enaze aris Targmnili, Tumca, arc erT oficialur gamocemaSi ar aris dafiqsirebuli. saparlamento debatebis swavlebisaTvis saWiro masalebi saerTaSoriso debatebis asociacia IDEA _ s mier aris mowodebuli.

saparlamento debatebi saqarTveloSi britanuli stili

msoflioSi gavrcelebulia formaluri debatebis sxvadasxva stili: karl poperis da politikuri debatebi, romelic Cven dawvrilebiT ganvixileT Cvens saxelmZRvaneloSi, aseve, saparlamento debatebi, linkoln-duglasis debatebi, da a.S. amjerad, yuradRebas SevaCerebT saparlamento debatebze, romelic gamoiyeneba mTeli msoflios studentebis mier da saTaves britanuli Tanamegobrobis qveynebSi iRebs. arsebobs saparlamento debatebis ori gansxvavebuli stili: amerikuli da britanuli. maT Soris yvelaze didi gansxvaveba aris is, rom amerikul formatSi monawileobas iRebs ori gundi, xolo britanul formatSi _ oTxi. erT pozicias amtkicebs ori, erTmaneTisagan damoukidebeli gundi. maSasadame, ori mTavroba _ gamxsneli da damasrulebeli, icavs rezolucias da aseve ori opozicia _ gamxseneli da damasrulebeli, uaryofs mas. Tumca, TamaSSi imarjvebs erTi gundi da ara romelime mxare. amitom, TiToeuli gundi cdilobs, ufro damajereblad warsdges msajebis winaSe da amiT ajobos rogorc mis momxre, aseve mowinaaRmdege gundebs. TamaSs uZRveba palatis spikeri, romelic msajis funqciasac asrulebs. msajTa ricxvi SezRuduli ar aris, xolo palatis spikeri ki yovelTvis erTia. wesi bevri ar aris, Tumca, arsebobs uamravi strategia, romlebic saintereso iqneba rogorc gamocdili modebateebisaTvis, aseve damwyebTaTvis.

saparlamento debatebis britanuli stilis wesebis mimoxilva

britanuli stilis saparlamento debatebSi oTxi gundi kamaTobs rezoluciaze _ ori erT mxares, ori ki _ meore mxares. TiToeuli gundi ori wevrisagan Sedgeba da TiToeuli wevri TamaSis ganmavlobaSi sityviT erTxel gamodis. maSasadame, sul gvaqvs rva moxseneba. yvela gamosvla droSi SezRudulia da xuTi wuTi grZeldeba. gundebis saxelwodebebi da maTi Semadgenloba Semdegnairia:

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gamxsenli mTavroba: premier-ministri~ an mTavrobis pirveli wevri~; premier-ministris moadgile~ an mTavrobis meore wevri~; gamxsneli opozicia: opoziciis lideri~ an opoziciis pirveli wevri~; opoziciis lideris moadgile~ an opoziciis meore wevri~; damasrulebeli mTavroba: mTavrobis wevri~ an mTavrobis mesame wevri~; mTavrobis organizatori~ an mTavrobis meoTxe wevri~; damasrulebeli opozicia: opoziciis wevri~ an opoziciis mesame wevri~; opoziciis organizatori~ an opoziciis meoTxe wevri~; momxseneblebi Semdegi TanmimdevrobiT gamodian: 1. premier-ministri 2. opoziciis lideri 3. premier-ministris moadgile 4. opoziciis lideris moadgile 5. mTavrobis wevri 6. opoziciis wevri 7. mTavrobis organizatori 8. opoziciis organizatori oTaxi, sadac mimdinareobs debati, daaxloebiT ase gamoiyureba: palatis spikeri

o.l. o.l.m. o.w. o.o. msajebi aRsaniSnavia, rom erT mxareze moTamaSe ori gundi damoukideblad TamaSobs. isini erTmaneTTan arc winaswar da arc TamaSis ganmavlobaSi araferze ar Tanxmdebian; Tumca, raRa Tqma unda, TamaSis p.m. p.m.m. m.w. m.o.

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ganmavlobaSi maT unda izrunon imaze, rom erTmaneTTan winaaRmdegobaSi ar Cavardnen da mxolod imas daupirispirdnen, rasac mowinaaRmdege mxareze moTamaSe gundebi amtkiceben. TamaSis Semdeg, msajebi gundebs aniWeben rangebs. gundi, romelic miiRebs pirvel rangs, gamarjvebulia; Sesabamisad, meore rangiani gundi meore adgilzea da a.S. garda rangebisa, gundebsac da momxseneblebsac ewerebaT individualuri qulebi. rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, TamaSs uZRveba palatis spikeri, romelic momxseneblebs waradgens auditoriis winaSe da sTxovs sityviT gamosvlas. gamosvlis dawyebidan erTi wuTis Semdeg da mis dasrulebamde erTi wuTiT adre palatis spikeri erTxel akakunebs, xolo drois amowurvis Semdeg is orjer daakakunebs _ es ki imas niSnavs, rom momxsenebels eZleva 15-30 wami azris dasamTavreblad, xolo Tuki man 30 wamis gasvlis Semdegac ganagrZo saubari, maSin palatis spikeri mas sTxovs dajdomas. gamosvlebs Soris mosafiqrebeli dro ar arsebobs. momxseneblebi mimarTaven ara erTmaneTs, aramed palatis spikers. msajobis kriteriumi martivia _ yvelaze damajerebeli gundi imarjvebs. rezolucia TamaSis dawyebamde 15 wuTiT adre cxaddeba. saparlamento debatis britanuli stilis umniSvnelovanesi elementebia: rezolucia, definicia, pozicia da manera.

rezlucia
rezolucia debatebSi umniSvnelovanesia, vinaidan is aris sakamaTo Tema. Tumca, gundebi rogorc wesi, akeTeben rezoluciis definicias da am gziT mas konkretul sakiTxamde aviwroeben. pirobiTad rezoluciebi SeiZleba sam kategoriad daiyos: viwro, SedarebiT farTo da farTo rezoluciebi. magaliTad, rezolucia am palatas surs yvela saxis narkotikebis legalizacia~ viwro rezoluciaa. am saxis rezoluciis daviwroeba TiTqmis SeuZlebelia da definiciasa da rezolucias Soris gansxvaveba mxolod ramdenime sityvaSi SeiZleba iyos. farTo rezoluciis magaliTebia: am palatas sjera, rom cvlilebis droa~; am palatas sjera, rom cxrajer unda gazomo da erTxel unda gaWra~ da a.S. aseT SemTxvevaSi, yvelaferi damokidebulia definiciaze. msgavsi rezoluciis pirdapir gageba wamgebiania. am dros umjobesia winaswar momzadebuli sakiTxis morgeba~ rezoluciasTan. axalbeda gundebi xSirad ibnevian da amitom debatic ufro uintereso xdeba. gamocdili gundebi ki aseT SemTxvevebs TavianT

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sasargeblod iyeneben da TamaSSi maqsimalurad konkretuli definicia SemoaqvT. rezoluciis mesame saxea SedarebiT farTo rezolucia. magaliTad: am palatas sjera, rom evropa unda SeizRudos~; `es palata gmobs warmatebul saxelmwifoebs~ da a.S. aseT SemTxvevaSi, mTavrobas eZleva saSualeba, airCios definicia, magram ise, rom rezoluciis mTavar arss ar scildebodes. principSi, mTavrobas am drosac SeuZlia rezolucias winaswar momzadebuli sakiTxi moargos~, magram, ra Tqma unda es am SemTxvevaSi ufro rTuli iqneba

definicia
definicia aris rezoluciis mniSvnelovani sityvebis ganmarteba da rezoluciasTan dakavSirebuli romelime sakiTxis wamoWra da gamoyofa. premier-ministri Tavisi gamosvlis dasawyisSive warmoadgens definicias. definicia unda iyos: 1. mWidrod da logikurad dakavSirebuli rezoluciasTan _ es niSnavs, rom nebismierma saRad moazrovne adamianma unda SeZlos am kavSiris danaxva. 2. kargi sakamaTo. Tuki Tqven TviTon ver xedavT Tqveni definiciis gamabaTilebel argumentebs, aseTi definiciis SeTavazeba usamarTlobaa. definicia ar unda iyos TavisTavad cxadi da misaRebi. mas unda gaaCndes orive mxare _ dadebiTi da uaryofiTi. 3. Tanamedrove _ anu, definiciaSi ar unda iyos saubari warsulze an Soreul momavalze. Sinaarsobrivad is awmyoSi mimdinare movlenebs unda exebodes. sasurvelia, definicia ar warmoadgendes Status Quo-s, magram is problema, romelzec definiciaSia saubari, drouli unda iyos. 4. samarTlianad viwro. definiciam debati ise ar unda SezRudos, rom saubari iyos romelime gansakuTrebul geografiul an politikur punqtze, romlis Sesaxeb codna ar moeTxoveba debatis monawiles. maSasadame, specifikuri codnis gamoyeneba araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar SeiZleba. magaliTad, moTamaSes ar SeuZlia saubari daiwyos Tavis mSobliur sofelSi arsebul problemebze maSin, roca, araTu am problemebze, aramed am soflis Sesaxebac ki aravis smenia.

definiciaze Sedaveba
Tuki definicia ar akmayofilebs romelime zemoT CamoTvlil punqts, opoziciis liders SeuZlia daupirispirdes mas. man garkveviT

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unda ganacxados, rom is ar eTanxmeba definicias da unda Secvalos is alternatiuli definiciiT. Cveulebriv, gamxsneli mTavrobis mier SemoTavazebuli definicia yovelTvis misaRebia, garda iSviaTi gamonaklisebisa. maSin, roca gamxsneli mTavrobis definicia Seusabamoa da mas gamxsneli opozicia Secvlis alternatiuli definiciiT, damasrulebelma mTavrobam SeiZleba warmoadginos iseTi pozicia, romelic Seesabameba ara gamxsneli mTavrobis mier warmodgenil definicias, aramed gamxsneli opoziciis definicias. Tuki gamxsnelma opoziciam mTavrobis definicia kvlav uazro da Seusabamo definiciiT Secvala, damasrulebel mTavrobas SeuZlia, kvlav Seedavos definiciaze gamxsnel opozicias da Secvalos is alternatiuli definiciiT. Tuki damasrulebeli mTavrobis alternetiuli definicia kvlav Seusabamoa (maSin, roca gamxsneli mTavrobis da gamxsneli opoziciis definiciebi aseve Seusabamo iyo), damasrulebel opozicias SeuZlia daupirispirdes damasrulebeli mTavrobis definicias da Tavisi alternatiuli definicia Semoitanos. Tumca, praqtikaSi ase arasdros xdeba. damasrulebeli gundebis pirvelma momxseneblebma unda gaafarTovon SemoTavazebuli definicia. amis gakeTeba SesaZlebelia sakiTxisadmi sxva mxridan midgomiT. momxseneblebma ar unda gaimeoron wina gundebis argumentacia, magram es ar niSnavs imas, rom erT mxareze moTamaSe gundebi erTmaneTs unda daupirispirdnen. piriqiT, amis gakeTeba araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar SeiZleba. definiciis gafarToeba (axali argumentaciis SemotaniT) ar unda scildebodes ukve dasmuli sakiTxis sazRvrebs da ar unda ewinaaRmdegebodes mas.

pozicia
pozicia aris moxsenebis Sinaarsi. is warmoadgens im argumentebis erTobliobas, romlebsac momxsenebeli iyenebs auditoriisa da msajebis dasarwmuneblad. pozicia moicavs aramarto ZiriTad argumentebs, aramed msjelobas, magaliTebs, faqtebs, punqtebs informaciisaTvis~. aq igulisxmeba rogorc is masala, romelsac raimes dasamtkiceblad viyenebT, aseve is masala, romliTac raimes uarvyofT.

poziciis elementebi:
pozicia unda iyos marTebuli, Sesabamisi da logikuri. argumentebi Camoyalibebul unda iqnas logikurad da gasagebad. TiToeul maTgans unda gaukeTdes Tavisi daskvna. pozicia mWidro kavSirSi unda iyos sakamaTo TemasTan.

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erT mxareze moTamaSe ori gundis pozicia unda iyos erTmaneTTan dakavSirebuli Sinaarsobrivad da, rac mTavaria, ar unda moicavdes winaaRmdegobebs.

manera
maneraSi igulisxmeba prezentacia. es aris sityviT gamosvlis stili da struqtura.

stilis elementebi:
stilis elementebSi Sedis: TvalebiT kontaqti, xmis modulacia, Jestikulacia, sasaubro ena, Canawerebis gamoyeneba da sxva elementebi, romlebic gavlenas axdens prezentaciis efeqturobaze. TvalebiT kontaqtis dros, momxsenebeli ufro gulwrfeli Cans da, aqedan gamomdinare, misi saubari ufro damajerebelia. xmis modulacia mniSvnelovania imdenad, ramdenadac momxsenebels eZleva saSualeba, intonaciis meSveobiT xazi gausvas mniSvnelovan argumentebs da amiT ufro miizidos auditoriis yuradReba. aq igulisxmeba saubris toni, simaRle, xma, pauzebis gamoyeneba da a.S. mniSvnelovan sakiTxebze yuradRebis gasamaxvileblad aseve did rols TamaSobs Jestikulacia, Tumca xelebis gadaWarbebuli qneva ar aris saxarbielo, vinaidan sazogadoebis yuradReba gadava Jestikulaciaze da ara gamosvlis Sinaarsze. sasaubro ena unda iyos gasagebi da martivi. momxseneblebi, romlebic zedmetad maRalfardovnad saubroben, aseve dakargaven auditoriis yuradRebas. Canawerebis gamoyeneba nebadarTulia, magram momxseneblebi bolomde Canawerebs ar unda daeyrdnon, radgan amiT ver gamoiyeneben maneris sxva elementebs.

struqturis elementebi:
struqturis elementebSi Sedis: momxseneblis gamosvlis struqtura da gundis poziciis struqtura. prezentacia efeqturi iqneba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu pozicia organizebulad iqneba Camoyalibebuli.

TiToeuli momxseneblis sityva:

1. unda moicavdes: Sesavals, daskvnas da argumentebs. 2. unda iyos droSi kargad ganawilebuli.

punqti informaciisaTvis
punqti informaciisaTvis~ aris SekiTxva an komentari, romelic SeTavazebulia gamomsvlelisadmi oponenti gundebis romelime

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wevrisagan. rodesac erT-erTi gundis momxsenebeli sityviT gamodis, sxva gundis momxsenebels SeuZlia kiTxviT mimarTos mas. amis gasakeTeblad, is unda adges da miuTiTos, rom mas surs SeTavazos punqti informaciisaTvis~, Semdegi sityvis warmoTqmiT: informaciisaTvis~. gamomsvlels SeuZlia miiRos an ar miiRos punqti. Tuki is gadawyvets, rom punqti miiRos, is ubralod miscems momxsenebels sityvis uflebas da etyvis: gismenT~ an miRebulia.~ am dros dasmuli SekiTxva an gamoTqmuli komentari 15 wamze met xans ar unda gagrZeldes. es dro Sedis gamomsvlelisaTvis gankuTvnil droSi. Tu punqti ugulebelyofilia, gamomsvlels SeuZlia uTxras oponents, rom punqti ar aris miRebuli~, an, ubralod, xeliT aniSnos mas, rom dajdes. momxsenebeli unda gaCumdes da Tavisi adgili daikavos. es ar aris uzrdeloba. gamomsvlels aseve SeuZlia ganacxados, rom is punqts cota xanSi, azris damTavrebisTanave miiRebs. punqti informaciisaTvis~ gamoiyeneba ramdenime mizniT: 1. raTa dasvaT iseTi SekiTxva, romelzec momxsenebels pasuxis gacema gauWirdeba. 2. raTa miuTiToT winaaRmdegoba oponentTa argumentebSi. magaliTad, Tuki gamomsvleli aSkarad ewinaaRmdegeba imas, rac misma kolegam ganacxada. 3. raTa gamomsvlels mosTxovoT konkretuli faqtis moyvana, an moyvanili faqtis wyaros dasaxeleba. 4. raTa winaswar aTqmevinoT yvelaferi. saTanado kiTxvaze pasuxis gasacemad, SeiZleba gamosvlels imis Tqmac mouxdes, raze saubarsac Semdgom gamosvlebSi gegmavda. 5. raTa CarToT mcireodeni iumori TamaSSi. rogorc xedavT, punqti informaciisaTvis~ sakmaod mniSvnelovan rols asrulebs TamaSis msvlelobaSi. arsebobs ramdenime rCeva punqtebis miRebasTan da pasuxis gacemasTan dakavSirebiT: arasdros miiRoT sam punqtze meti da or punqtze naklebi erT gamosvlaSi. punqtebs nu miiRebT erTi da imave momxseneblisagan, aseve ignorirebas nu gaukeTebT konkretulad romelime momxseneblis punqtebs. rodesac ganixilavT iseT arguments, romelic SedarebiT sustia, am dros punqts nu miiRebT, Torem es punqti SeiZleba Tqveni argumentisTvis sabediswero~ aRmoCndes. daicadeT, sanam ufro Zlieri argumentebis ganxilvaze gadaxvalT. Tu Tqveni oponentebi Cumad sxedan da Tqven ganixilavT iseT arguments, romelzec, darwmunebuli xarT, rom veravin Semoge-

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davebaT, SegiZliaT gamoiyenoT Wkvianuri taqtika da TqvaT: me siamovnebiT miviRebdi Cemi oponentebisagan punqts informaciisaTvis~, Tuki isini SeZleben axsnan ratom. . . . .~. oponent gundebs ori gza rCebaT _ pirveli: Seecadon gipasuxon da meore: reagireba ar moaxdinon. orive varianti Tqvens wisqvilze asxams wyals. amavdroulad, es punqti miRebuli punqtebis siaSi Seva da Tqven gacilebiT ufro rTul punqtebs aicilebT Tavidan. Tuki Tqven punqti miiReT da SekiTxvac moismineT, mas ignorireba araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar gaukeToT. winadadeba: amaze pasuxs mogvianebiT gagcemT~ _ xalxs aRizianebs, maSinac ki roca es simarTlea. winadadeba: me amaze ukve visaubre~ _ ar aris damakmayofilebeli pasuxi. aseve, arsebobs rCevebi punqtis SeTavazebasTan dakavSirebiT: winaswar moamzadeT ramdenime mniSvnelovani SekiTxva. ar aris aucilebeli, rom yoveli maTgani gamoiyenoT. gaxsovdeT, Tuki Tqveni punqti Sedgeba samze meti winadadebisagan, es ukve aris ara punqti informaciisaTvis~, aramed moxseneba. sanam wamodgebodeT, winaswar gansazRvreT Tqveni punqti, is unda iyos maqsimalurad lakonuri. daafaseT, rodesac Tqven mogecemaT kiTxvis dasmis ufleba da es Sansi Wkvianurad gamoiyeneT. nu dasvamT umniSvnelo kiTxvebs. Tuki Tqven mofiqrebuli gaqvT SesaniSnavi argumenti, romlis wardgenasac Tqvens gamosvlaSi apirebT, nu gamoiyenebT mas SekiTxvis dasmis dros. amiT Tqven mxolod gaafrTxilebT oponents, raze apirebT saubars da saSualebas miscemT mas, winaswar gagibaTiloT argumenti. CaiwereT oponetis pasuxebi Tqvens SekiTxvebze. man SeiZleba moulodnelad moufiqrebeli pasuxi gagceT da SemdgomSi winaaRmdegobaSi Cavardes Tavis kolegasTan.

momxsenebelTa pasuxismgeblobebi TiToeul momxsenebels Tavisi movaleobebi akisria, romelTa pirnaTlad Sesruleba didi warmatebis sawindaria.
Tumca, garda individualuri pasuxismgeblobebisa, arsebobs valdebulebebi, romelTa Sesruleba yvela momxsenebels Tanabrad evaleba.

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premier-ministri
premier-ministri gamosvlas rezoluciis gamocxadebiT iwyebs da gvTavazobs am rezoluciis definicias. magram definiciis mxolod gamocxadeba ar kmara, aucilebelia, premier-ministrma daanaxos msajebsa da oponentebs kavSiri rezoluciasa da mis mier warmodgenil definicias Soris. agreTve, premier-ministrma naTlad unda axsnas definiciaSi nagulisxmevi problema da Semdeg daiwyos argumentebis moyvana. am SemTxvevaSic, rasakvirvelia, mxolod moyvana ar kmara, saWiroa argumentebis gavrcoba da gamyareba. mniSvnelovani da yuradsaRebia is, rom definicia da argumentacia, romelic mohyavs premier-ministrs, ucvleli rCeba TamaSis bolomde da amitomac saWiroa, moxseneba gakeTdes yvelasaTvis naTlad da gasagebad. premier-ministrma aseve unda isaubros Sedegebze da Tavisi argumentacia unda warmoadginos globalur aspeqtSi.

daskvnis saxiT, premier-ministrma unda Seajamos sakuTari gamosvla da mokle mimoxilva gaukeTos mas. opoziciis lideri
opoziciis lideri Tavis gamosvlas mTlianad premier-ministris gamosvlas upirispirebs. is, rogorc wesi, mTavrobis mier Semotanil definicias eTanxmeba, Tumca, gamonaklis SemTxvevebSi (roca cxadia, rom definicia ar aris logikur kavSirSi rezoluciasTan da a.S.), mas SeuZlia alternatiuli definicia Semoitanos. opoziciis lideri xazs usvams premier-ministris sisusteebs da sakiTxs Tavis sasargeblod warmoaCens. man premier-ministris mier moyvanili arc erTi argumenti upasuxod ar unda datovos. mas aseve SeuZlia, warmoadginos kontr-argumentebi. opoziciis lideris mier SerCeuli strategia Zalzed mniSvnelovania, vinaidan mas emyareba opoziciis orive gundis Semdgomi gamosvlebi.

premier-ministris moadgile
premier-ministris moadgilis gamosvla gamxsneli mTavrobis bolo gamosvlaa, amitom is garkveulwilad analizsac unda moicavdes. Tumca, misi mTavari movaleobaa permier-ministris mier moyvanili argumentebis gavrcoba da damamtkicebeli masalis gamoyeneba. premier-ministris moadgiles TamaSSi axali argumentebis Semotanac SeuZlia, Tumca, sasurvelia, rom maTi ricxvi 1-2-s ar aRemate-

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bodes, radgan mas isedac bevri sakiTxis ganxilva evaleba. aRsaniSnavia, rom misi axali argumentacia araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar unda ewinaaRmdegebodes premier-ministris mier moyvanil argumentacias, piriqiT, axali da Zveli argumentebi logikur jaWvs~ unda qmnidnen. premier-ministris moadgilem mTavrobisa da opoziciis mier warmodgenili poziciebi erTmaneTs unda Seadaros ise, rom xazi gausvas sakuTari poziciis upiratesobebs da opoziciis poziciis uaryofiT mxareebs. aq mTavaria msjeloba, damatkicebeli masalis moSvelieba da oponentebis poziciaSi Secdomebis aRmoCena~. rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, premier-ministris moadgilis gamosvliT mTavrdeba gamxsenli mTavrobis sityviT gamosvlebi, amitomac, momxsenebelma yvelaferi unda gaakeTos imisaTvis, rom palatis spikersa da msajebs kargad daamaxsovros sakuTari gundi, es ki ioli rodia: mis gamosvlas kidev xuTi gamosvla mosdevs.

opoziciis lideris moadgile

opoziciis lideris moadgile 15 wuTis manZilze Tvalyurs adevnebda TamaSs. Sesabamisad, igi ufro momgebian mdgomareobaSi aRmoCnda, vidre misi Tanagundeli. man Zal-Rone ar unda daiSuros imisaTvis, rom TamaSis pirvel naxevars Tavisi gundis sasargeblo analizi gaukeTos. opoziciis lideris moadgilis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi movaleobaa, gaakeTos premier-ministris moadgilis mier moyvanili argumentaciis uaryofa da gabaTileba. man aseve unda Seadaros premier-ministrisa da premier-ministris moadgilis gamosvlebi da Tuki maTSi raime winaaRmdegobebs waawydeba, amaze aucileblad unda gaamaxvilos yuradReba Tavis gamosvlaSi. opoziciis lideris moadgilem, Tavisi gamosvlis dasrulebis Semdeg, jer ar icis, Tu ras izams damasrulebeli mTavroba da damasrulebeli opozicia, magram, am etapze, sasurvelia, man is mainc icodes, rom misi gundi pirvel adgilzea da gamxsenli mTavrobis pozicia mTlianad uaryofilia.

mTavrobis wevri
mTavrobis wevris gamosvliT iwyeba TamaSis axali etapi, romelic man Tavis sasargeblod unda gamoiyenos. mTavrobis wevris movaleobebSi im argumentebis aRdgenac Sedis, romlebic gamxsenlma opoziciam gamxsnel mTavrobas gaubaTila. mTavrobis wevrma TamaSSi siaxleebi unda Seitanos. miuxedavad imisa, rom erT pozicias ori gundi icavs, debatSi mxolod erTi

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gundi imarjvebs, amitom damasrulebelma mTavrobam Tavisi individualuri wvlili unda Seitanos TamaSSi. mTavrobis wevrma unda gaafarTovos gamxsneli mTavrobis mier SemoTavazebuli definicia. amis gakeTeba SesaZlebelia axali argumentebis SemotaniT da sakiTxisadmi sxva mxridan midgomiT. magaliTad, Tuki gamxsneli mTavrobis argumentebSi aqcenti gadatanili iyo politikur aspeqtebze, mTavrobis wevrs SeuZlia TamaSSi ekonomikuri aspeqtebi Semoitanos. miuxedavad imisa, rom mTavrobis wevri agrZelebs gamxsneli mTavrobis mier Semotanili poziciis mtkicebas, man igive ar unda gaimeoros. ra Tqma unda, es imas ar niSnavs, rom mTavrobis wevri gamxsnel mTavrobas unda daupirispirdes, piriqiT, amis gakeTeba araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar SeiZleba. definiciis gafarToeba (axali argumentaciis SemotaniT) ar unda scildebodes ukve dasmuli sakiTxis sazRvrebs da ar unda ewinaaRmdegebodes mas. definiciis gafarToeba aseve ar niSnavs alternatiuli an meore definiciis Semotanas, an kidev zogadad, mTavar rezoluciaze kamaTis dawyebas.

opoziciis wevri
opoziciis wevri, mTavrobis wevris msgavsad, axali ideebiTa da argumentebiT agrZelebs TamaSs. am SemTxvevaSi, opoziciis wevri Tavis argumentacias, faqtebsa da mosazrebebs mTlianad mTavrobis wevris gamosvlas upirispirebs. opoziciis wevris uaryofa da kontr-argumentebi unda gansxvavdebodes gamxsneli opoziciis uaryofisagan. opoziciis wevris mTavari movaleoba mTavrobis poziciis uaryofaa, magram misTvis Zalian momgebiani iqneba paralelurad oponentebis Secdomebze TamaSi. Tuki gamxsneli mTavrobisa da damasrulebeli mTavrobis gamosvlebi erT logikur jaWvs~ ar qmnidnen, Tuki maTSi adgili hqonda azrobriv SeuTanxmeblobebs, opoziciis wevrma es Secdomebi aucileblad unda aRniSnos. opoziciis wevri ganagrZobs gamxsneli opoziciis strategias, magram, rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, Tavisi damoukidebeli argumentaciac Semoaqvs TamaSSi. es imisTvisaa saWiro, rom damasrulebelma opoziciam Tavisi sityva Tqvas debatSi da msajebs daumtkicos, rom saukeTesoa.

mTavrobis organizatori da opoziciis organizatori

mTavrobis organizatori da opoziciis organizatori TamaSs as-

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ruleben. amitom, es gamosvlebi umniSvnelovanesia. maTi umTavresi movaleobaa mTeli TamaSis analizis gakeTeba. am gamosvlebSi axali argumentebis warmodgena araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar SeiZleba, Tumca, axali faqtebisa da magaliTebis gamoyeneba dasaSvebia. analizis gakeTebis dros, momxseneblebma aucileblad unda warmoaCinon ZiriTadi gansxvavebebi or pozicias Soris da daamtkicon, Tu riTia erTi pozicia meoreze ukeTesi. maT unda gaamaxvilon yuradReba Sejaxebebze da warmoaCinon TavianTi upiratesobebi. bolo gamosvlebisaTvis gankuTvnili 5 wuTi veranairad ver iqneba sakmarisi imisaTvis, rom ganxilul iqnas TamaSis dros wamoWrili yvela sakiTxi. am dros momxseneblebma organizeba unda gaukeTon mniSvnelovan punqtebs da daalagon isini logikuri TanmimdevrobiT.

opoziciis ZiriTadi strategia

saxelidanac naTelia, rom opoziciis ZiriTadi mizania daupirispirdes mTavrobis mier Semotanil qeiss.

debatebSi arsebobs ramdenime strategia, romelic SegiZliaT gamoiyenoT sawyis etapze.

1. pirdapiri uaryofa (punqtebis mixedviT) 2. struqturuli opozicia (gamoiyenoT mTavrobis struqtura maT winaaRmdeg) 3. SeafasoT mTavrobis upiratesobebi 4. gamoicaniT momavali argumentebi 5. SemoinaxeT argumentebi Semdegi gamosvlisTvis (Tu es SesaZlebelia) SegiZliaT mimarToT pirdapir strategias, anu, gayveT mTavrobis mier SemoTavazebul xazs, rigrigobiT uaryoT argumentebi da daupirispirdeT problemis gadaWris gzebs. Tumca, am dros unda gaiTvaliswinoT, rom kargi mTavroba yovelTvis winaswar fiqrobs opoziciaze da mzad aqvs pasuxebi logikurad sadavo sakiTxebze. aseve SegiZliaT airCioT uaryofis iribi gza da dafiqrdeT, privel rigSi, SemoTavazebul problemaze, cvlilebis saWiroebasa da sxva SesaZlo gamosavalze. am SemTxvevaSi, Tqven SegiZliaT moifiqroT raRac gansxvavebuli, moulodneli da saintereso, SemoabrunoT gegma Tqvens sasargeblod an miitacoT~ mTavrobis gegma da daumatoT Tqvens SemoTavazebas. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, Tqven unda dasaxoT TamaSis dacviTi an SeteviTi strategia. dacviTi strategiis SemTxvevaSi, Tqven cdilobT

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daanaxoT msajs, Tu ratom ar unda waagoT es raundi. SeteviTi TamaSis SemTxvevaSi, Tqven unda daumtkicoT msajs, Tu ratom gekuTvniT am raundSi gamarjveba. gaxsovdeT, rom ZiriTadad qeisebi aris cvlilebis Sesaxeb. rogorc opozicias, Tqven SegiZliaT airCioT nebismieri strategia SemoTavazebuli cvlilebis sawinaaRmdegod. yvelaze xSirad gamoiyeneba sami strategiidan erT-erTi: 1. cvlileba ar aris saWiro 2. cvlileba ar gaamarTlebs 3. cvlileba sazianoa pirvel SemTxvevaSi, Tqven unda daamtkicoT, rom problema an saerTod ar arsebobs da amitom mas arc mogvareba da arc arsebul mdgomareobaSi cvlilebebi sWirdeba, an rom problema cvlilebis gareSec mogvardeba (nebismieri mizeziT, mag. dro, situacia, a.S.). meore SemTxvevaSi aucilebelia warmoadginoT kargi dasabuTeba imisa, rom SemoTavazebuli cvlileba ar gaamarTlebs arsebul dros an SemoTavazebul situaciaSi. mesame SemTxvevaSi saWiroa cvlilebis ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi seriozuli moraluri, xarisxobrivi an raodenobrivi naklovanebebis warmoCena da realuri zianis an safrTxis Cveneba. am SemTxvevaSi SegiZliaT gamoiyenoT Teoria, romlis mixedviTac, adamianTa erTi jgufis mier ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi, garkveuli cvlileba sasargebloa, magram Tu imaves sxva gaimeorebs, SeiZleba es saziano gamodges. aris aseve jaWvuri reaqciis Teoria, romelic am SemTxvevaSic xSirad gamoiyeneba da amtkicebs, rom am moqmedebas aucileblad (an SesaZlebelia) mohyves meore, mesame da a.S. nabiji, romelic garkveuli drois Semdeg uares problemebamde migviyvans.

uaryofis/gabaTilebis struqtura

dros

gamosayenebeli

sasargeblo

isini amtkiceben, rom..... magram....... radgan...... amitomac.........

ecadeT srulad upasuxoT argumentebs da mihyveT mTavrobis mier SemoTavazebul Tanmimdevrobas.

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gabaTilebisas
yuradReba miaqcieT imas, Tu ramdenad Seesabameba esa Tu is argumenti qeiss da ramdenad mniSvnelovania igi am SemTxvevaSi. meti dro dauTmeT mniSvnelovan argumentebs da ecadeT, SeamciroT maTi mniSvneloba raodenobrivad an xarisxobrivad. SeecadeT SemoabrunoT oponentis argumentebi Tqvens sasargeblod an maTi argumentebi _ maTsave sawinaaRmdegod. `gamouval mdgomareobaSi~ upasuxeT am arguments.

opoziciis gaZlierebuli strategia

opoziciis gaZlierebuli strategia Sedgeba ZiriTadad uaryofiTi mxareebisa~ da kontr-gegmebisagan. uaryofiTi mxare~ aris mizezobrivi argumenti, romelic amtkicebs, rom gegma an qeisi gamoiwvevs cud Sedegs. am strategiis gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi aucilebelia Candes mizez-Sedegobrivi kavSiri faqtebs Soris. rodesac Tqven gauwevT opozicias mTavrobas, dasviT SekiTxva, ratom ar ganxorcielebula es gegma aqamde?~ es dagexmarebaT ukeTesi, realuri argumentebis SemuSavebaSi. kargia, Tu Tqven SeZlebT da SeadarebT erTi da imave sazomiT gasazRvrul sikeTeebs, magaliTad, danaxarjebis upiratesobebSi ipoviT uaryofiT mxareebs da daupirispirdebiT isev danaxarji Tanxis raodenobiT da ara, magaliTad, usaqmod darCenili xalxis ricxviT. aseT SemTxvevaSi, naklebia zerele daSvebis Sansi da Tqveni msjeloba ufro myari da Tanamimdevruli iqneba. uaryofiTi mxareebis warmoCenisas, ecadeT, daxatoT rac SeiZleba xasxasa suraTi msajebisaTvis, imis Sesaxeb Tu ra SeiZleba moxdes mTavrobis gegmis ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi. ase Tqveni gamosvla ufro efeqturi da dasamaxsovrebeli iqneba. meore da Zalian mniSvnelovani strategia aris kontr-gegmis Semotana. pirveli, rac aucileblad unda gvaxsovdes aseTi strategiis arCevisas aris is, rom kontr-gegma unda iyos gegmis absoluturad sawinaaRmdego moqmedeba da gamoricxavdes am oris erTdroulad ganxorcielebas. anu ori gegma unda iyos urTierTgamomricxavi. martivad Tu vityviT da davarqmevT, rom mTavroba amtkicebs, rom raRac sakiTxi aris kargi~, opoziciam aucileblad unda amtkicos, rom es aris cudi~ da ara is, rom SeiZleba raRac amaze ukeTesi an

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SedarebiT kargi iyos. Tu ase ar moxdeba, mTavrobas eqneba Sansi. gamoiyenos Tqveni gegma da miitacos~ is da gaaumjobesos Tavisi pozicia. amave dros, mniSvnelovania, rom mxolod kontr-gegma unda iyos calke aRebul gegmaze ukeTesi da ar unda warmoadgendes arsebuli mdgomareobis nawils. modiT, ganvixiloT erTi Cveulebrivi situacia yoveldRiuri cxovrebidan, sadac Cven yovel wuTs viyenebT kontr-gegmebs. davuSvaT, Tqven xarT biblioTekaSi megobarTan erTad da gindaT gamoitanoT wigni, megobari ambobs: modi, dRes ekonomikis saxelmZRvanelo gamovitanoT. Tqven: ara, modi, magis magivrad qimiis wigni aviRoT. es ukve kontr-gegmaa, radgan Tqven gamoiyeneT arCevani erTi meoris magivrad~. magram aseT SemTxvevaSi, advilia, Tqven gaagrZeloT saubari da megobarma SemogTavazoT orives gamotana. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu Tqven daTanxmdiT, misi kontr-gegma CaiSala. ukeT rom vTqvaT, man ar gamoricxa pirveli gegma da radgan Tqven misi idea aitaceT~, es Tqveni gegmis nawili gaxda. ase rom ar moxdes, man naTlad unda warmoaCinos Tu ratom aris saWiro maincadamainc misi gegmis ganxorcieleba. amisaTvis SegiZliaT ori xerxi gamoiyenoT: daamtkicoT, rom qimiis wignis gamotana cudi azria (aq SegiZliaT moitanoT argumentebi, rom jer gamocda Sorsaa, rom qimia ekonomikaze naklebad sainteresoa TqvenTvis, rom qimiis mecadineoba ekonomikis CaTvlas ver migaRebinebT, a.S.);

an
daamtkicoT, rom Tqveni kontr-gegma aris kargi azri (SegiZliaT daeyrdnoT mosazrebas, rom praqtikaSi ekonomika ufro gamogadgebaT, vidre qimia; aucilebelia ekonomikis dRes mecadineoba, radgan xval CaTvlaa; an rom mxolod ekonomika gWirdebaT, radgan Tqven saerTod ar swavlobT qimias). yvela am argumentis mizani erTia _ daamtkicos, rom gegma ar aris saWiro da rom saWiroa kontr-gegmis ganxorcieleba. rogorc adre aRvniSneT, kontr-gegma unda gamoricxavdes gegmis ganxorcielebas.

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arsebobs analizis gakeTebis ramdenime xerxi:

1. dajgufeba TamaSSi wamoWrili sakiTxebis dajgufeba sam-oTx argumentSi SeiZleba. aCveneT, rom Tqveni oponentebis mTeli argumentacia dadis erT an or ZiriTad ideamde, romelic Tqven SegiZliaT advilad uaryoT. 2. arCeviToba

airCieT Setevis mimarTuleba, dro ar dakargoT da ignorireba gaukeTeT meorexarisxovan argumentebs, gadadiT uSualod debatebis centrisken. 3. mimoxilvebi
mimoxilvebi aris saSualeba, raTa organizacia gaukeToT TamaSSi wamyvani Temebisa da faseulobebis irgvliv warmoSobil Sejaxebebs. miuTiTeT ZiriTad sakiTxebze, imaze, Tu rogor gaavrco isini orive mxarem da imaze, Tu ratom iyo Tqveni gundi yvelaze Zlieri. miuTiTeT konfliqtis areebze, es aris is specifikuri punqtebi, romlebTan dakavSirebiTac warmoiSva Sejaxebebi. 4. diqotomiebi es meTodi saSualebas aZlevs gamomsvlels, Seadaros mTavrobis gegmis mixedviT msoflios bedi opoziciis gegmis mixedviT msoflios beds. isev da isev moitaneT kontrastuli Sedareba, romelic yuradRebas amaxvilebs imaze, risi Tqmac gsurT. es aris efeqturi, mkveTri da ubralo gza, raTa sainteresod miuTiToT konfliqtis ZiriTad areebze. diqotomiebi agreTve saSualebas aZlevs gamomsvlels, Seqmnas naTeli suraTi mosalodneli ubedurebisa, rac oponetebis gegmis Sesrulebas moyveba, da suraTi im sayovelTao bednierebisa, rasac gamomsvleli Tavisi gundis mier SemoTavazebuli gegmis Sesrulebis SemTxvevaSi gvpirdeba. aucilebeli ar aris, mTavrobis an opoziciis organizatorma konkretulad romelime SemoTavazebuli xerxiT ixelmZRvanelos analizis gakeTebis dros. dasaSvebia ramdenime xerxis gaerTianeba, an sakuTari taqtikis SemuSaveba.

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rCevebi
daupirispirdiT ideebs da ara pirovnebebs. gaxsovdeT, Tuki realur situaciasa da gamoyenebul analogias Soris arsebobs gansxvaveba, maSin analogia gamousadegaria. cnobil adamianTa mosazerebebis gamoyeneba argumentebSi, ra Tqma unda, sasurvelia, magram es ar niSnavs imas, rom ori aTasi wlis win mcxovrebi adamianis azri yovelTvis sworia, amitomac argumentis mxolod aseT mosazrebaze dayrdnoba ar aris mizanSewonili. arasdros moiyvanoT magaliTi sakuTari gamocdilebidan. mosazrebis popularoba~ ar niSnavs mis siswores. mxolod imitom, rom mosaxleobis 90% raRacas ase~ miiCnevs, ar niSnavs, rom es marTlac asea~. statistika, romelsac gamoiyenebT, aucileblad daukavSireT arguments. msajebs moswonT gunduri muSaoba. SeimuSaveT marjve strategia da gayaviT gundis pozicia orive gamomsvlelisaTvis Tanabrad. es ise unda gaakeToT, rom pirvelma momxsenebelma Tqvas yovelive, rasac meore momxsenebeli ityvis da meore Seexos yvelafers, rac pirvelma Tqva. gamosvla daasruleT efeqturad. gaakeTeT daskvna. sasurvelia, amisTvis winaswar moemzadoT. gamoiyeneT rac SeiZleba meti punqti informaciisaTvis~. miiReT mxolod ori an sami. kargad gaiazreT Tqveni pozicia. Tqveni oponentebis poziciaSi aRmoaCineT winaaRmdegobebi. arasdros waikiTxoT winaswar momzadebuli teqsti. arasdros gamoiyenoT cru~ faqtebi. yuradreba miaqcieT prezentacias. arasdros gaukeToT ignorireba Tqvens kolegas. arasdros daamTavroT gamosvla droze adre.

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msajoba
konkurentunariani debatis mizania darwmuneba. am darwmunebis obieqtia msaji. msajoba, albaT, yvelaze Zneli da sakamaTo sakiTxia debatebSi. kargma msajma unda daiviwyos yvela Tavisi piradi azri da Sexeduleba da Seafasos debatebi mxolod TamaSis dros mosmenili msjelobidan gamomdinare. msaji unda iyos obieqturi, kargi msmeneli, kargi maswavlebeli da a.S. msajobis ZiriTadi kriteriumi martivia: damajerebloba. Tumca, mainc gamovyofT im sakiTxebs, rasac msajma yvelaze didi yuradReba unda dauTmos: 1. argumentacia da analizebi; 2. organizebuloba; 3. uaryofa; 4. stili da ritorika; 5. efeqturi iumori; 6. damamtkicebeli masala; 7. punqti informaciisaTvis~; 8. gunduri muSaoba.

msajis ZiriTadi movaleobebia:

1. waruZRves TamaSs, Tuki is palatis spikeria; 2. gaakeTos TamaSis sruli da safuZvliani Canaweri; 3. ar Caerios TamaSSi; 4. ar dasvas SekiTxvebi, an ar moiTxovos raimes axsna-ganmarteba; 5. TamaSis Semdeg sxva msajebTan erTad ganixilos debati; 6. mianiWos gundebs rangebi; 7. dauweros gundebs qulebi; 8. dauweros momxseneblebs individualuri qulebi; 9. gaakeTos TamaSis zepiri komentarebi; 10. Seavsos biuleteni; msaji SeiZleba iyos erTi an ramdenime, Tumca, sasurvelia TamaSs sami msaji mainc eswrebodes. TamaSis Semdgom msajebma unda moilaparakon saboloo gadawyvetilebis Taobaze da saerTod, maT unda iTanamSromlon erTmaneTTan. ra Tqma unda, msajebs Soris SeiZleba gaCndes azrTa sxvadasxvaoba, Tumca, maT unda imsjelon da miaRwion konsensuss.

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rangebis miniWeba msajebi gundebs aniWeben rangebs. gamarjvebuli gundi iRebs pirvel rangs, meore adgilze gasuli gundi meore rangs da a.S.
Tuki moTamaSeebi didi droiT (maqsimum 10 wuTiT) daagvianeben debatze, an Tuki romelime gundis wevri Seuracxyofas miayenebs sxva modebates misi religiis, sqesis, rasis, feris, erovnebis da sxv. gamo, gunds avtomaturad ewereba meoTxe rangi. msajebi unda SeTanxmdnen rangebTan dakavSirebiT. Tuki maT mainc gauWirdebaT konsensusis miRweva, rangebi iwereba msajTa umravlesobis gadawyvetilebiT. xolo iq, sadac umravlesoba ar arsebobs, am sakiTxs palatis spikeri gadawyvets.

qulebis dawera gundebisaTvis

qulebi iyofa xuT kategoriad: A, B, C, D da E kategoriebad:

A 180-200

SesaniSnavi da unaklo gundi. aseT dones albaT mxolod naxevarfinalebSi an finalSi Tu SexvdebiT.

B 160-179 saSualoze kargi gundi. moTamaSeebi aSkarad Zlierebi arian da Zalian cota sisuste aqvT. C 140-159 saSualo gundi. gunds gaaCnia imdenive upiratesoba, ramdenic sisuste. D 120-139 saSualoze naklebi gundi. mas bevri sisuste aqvs. E 100-119 Zalian susti gundi. mas saerTod ar gaaCnia upiratesobebi.

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 qulebis dawera individualuri momxseneblebisaTvis qulebi kvlav xuT kategoriad iyofa: A 90-100 SesaniSnavi da unaklo momxsenebeli. aseT dones, albaT, mxolod naxevarfinalebSi an finalSi Tu SexvdebiT. B 80-89 saSualoze kargi momxsenebeli. is aSkarad Zlieria da Zalian cota sisuste gaaCnia. C 70-79 saSualo momxsenebeli. mas gaaCnia imdenive upiratesoba, ramdenic sisuste. D 60-69 saSualoze naklebi momxsenebeli. mas bevri sisuste aqvs. E 50-60 Zalian susti momxsenebeli.
aucilebeli ar aris, yvela msajma erTi da igive qula daweros. mTavaria TiToeuli momxseneblisadmi an gundisadmi dawerili qulebi erT kategorias warmoadgendes. magaliTad erTsa da imave momxsenebels erTi msaji 95, xolo meore 86 qulas ver dauwers, vinaidan es qulebi sxvadasxva kategorias ganekuTvneba. ase rom, msajebi, garda rangebisa, qulebis kategoriebzec unda SeTanxmdnen. yoveliveze SeTanxmebis Semdeg msajebi avseben biuletens, romelic ase gamoiyureba:

zepiri komentarebi msajTa TaTbiris da saboloo gadawyvetilebis miRebis Semdeg, msajebi akeTeben zepir komentarebs.
komentars akeTebs an palatis spikeri, an is msaji, romelsac pa-

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latis spikeri CaTvlis saWirod.

komentarebis dros:
1. unda gamocxaddes gundebis rangebi. 2. ganxilul iqnas TamaSi da dasaxeldes gadawyvetilebis mizezebi. 3. komentari gaukeTdes yvela gunds da SeZlebisdagvarad yvela momxsenebels.

zepiri komentarebi unda gagrZeldes maqsimum 10 wuTs. modebateebs SeuZliaT kiTxvebi dausvan msajebs, Tumca, es unda moxdes Zalian zrdilobianad. msajsa da modebateebs Soris debati ar unda gaCaRdes.

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saparlamento debatebi msajis biuleteni

msaji: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . raundi: . . . . . . oTaxi: . . . . . . dro: . . . . . rezolucia: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

gamxsneli mTavroba: . . . . . . . . . . . . premier-ministri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . premier-ministris moadgile . . . . . . pozicia (50) p.m. p.m.m. komentarebi: manera jami (50) (100) rangi (1-8)

gamxsneli opozicia: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . opoziciis lideri: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . opoziciis lideris moadgile: . . . . . . pozicia manera jami (50) (50) (100) o.l. o.l.m komentarebi: rangi (1-8)

gundis rangi: damasrulebeli mTavroba: . . . . . . . . . mTavrobis wevri: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. mTavrobis organizatori: . . . . . . . ... pozicia (50) m.w. m.o. komentarebi: manera (50) jami rangi (100) (1-8)

gundis rangi: damasrulebeli opozicia: . . . . . . . . . . . . opoziciis wevri: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... opoziciis organizatori: . . . . . . . . . .... pozicia manera jami (50) (50) (100) o.w. o.o. komentarebi: rangi (1-8)

gundis rangi:

gundis rangi:

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dasasrulisaTvis
saxelmZRvanelo miznad isaxavs, daexmaros debatebis trenerebs organizebulad da profesiulad warmarTon debatebis swavleba. mTavari rCeva, romelic gvinda yvelas gavuziaroT: debatebs mozardebi yvelaze kargad debatebiT swavloben. SeecadeT xSirad moawyoT debatebis TamaSi. amxanaguri TamaSebi klubis wevrebsa Tu sxva klubebs Soris mniSvnelovnad aumjobesebs TamaSis xarisxs. mozardebs eZlevaT stimuli momavali debatebisaTvis ufro srulyofili poziciebi moamzadon. xSirad moawyveT Ria karis dRe, moiwvieT debatebze,sxva maswavleblebi, administraciis wevrebi, mSoblebi. waaxaliseT debatklubis wevrebi. moawyveT eqskursiebi, sajaro debatebi,Sexvedrebi saintereso adamianebTan. yvelaze efeqturi ki debatebiT mozardebis dainteresebisa da teqnikis daxvewis TvalsazrisiT aris debatebis turnirebis mowyoba. Sejibris suliskveTeba da gundebis intensiuri TamaSi mniSvnelovnad aviTarebs mozardebis pirovnul da inteleqtualur SesaZleblobebs.

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