F321 module 1 Practice 4:

1.

Calcium oxide neutralises acids such as nitric acid. A student neutralised 1.50 g of CaO
with 2.50 mol dm3 nitric acid, HNO3. The equation for this reaction is shown below.
CaO(s) + 2HNO3(aq) Ca(NO3)2(aq) + H2O(l)
(i)

How many moles of CaO were reacted?

mol
[2]

(ii)

Calculate the volume of 2.50 mol dm3 HNO3 needed to exactly neutralise
1.50 g of CaO.
volume = cm3
[2]
[Total 4 marks]

2.

The nitrate ion, NO3, in Ca(NO3)2 contains both covalent and dative covalent bonds.
(i)

What is the difference between a covalent bond and a dative covalent bond?
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[1]

(ii)

Calcium nitrate decomposes on heating to form calcium oxide, oxygen and

nitrogen(IV) oxide, NO2.
Construct a balanced equation for this reaction.
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[1]
[Total 2 marks]

The King's CE School

3.

Aqueous silver nitrate can be used as a test for halide ions. A student decided to carry
out this test on a solution of magnesium chloride. The bottle of magnesium chloride
that the student used showed the formula MgCl2.6H2O.
The student dissolved a small amount of MgCl2.6H2O in water and added aqueous
silver nitrate to the aqueous solution.
(i)

What is the molar mass of MgCl2.6H2O?

molar mass = g mol1
[1]

(ii)

What would the student see after adding the aqueous silver nitrate, AgNO3(aq)?
.........................................................................................................................
[1]

(iii)

Write an ionic equation for this reaction. Include state symbols.

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[2]

(iv)

Using aqueous silver nitrate, it is sometimes difficult to distinguish between

chloride, bromide and iodide ions.
How can aqueous ammonia be used to distinguish between these three ions?
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[3]
[Total 7 marks]

The King's CE School

4.

A small amount of solid magnesium oxide, MgO, was reacted with excess dilute
hydrochloric acid.
(i)

Define an acid.
.........................................................................................................................
[1]

(ii)

Write a balanced equation for this reaction.

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[1]
[Total 2 marks]

5.

Carbon is in the p-block of the Periodic Table. Naturally occurring carbon contains a
mixture of two isotopes, 12C and 13C.
Complete the table below for the atomic structure of the isotopes 12C and 13C.
isotope

protons

neutrons

electrons

12

13

C
[Total 2 marks]

6.

A sample of carbon was found to contain 95% of 12C and 5% of 13C.

(i)

How could this information be obtained experimentally?

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[1]

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(ii)

The 13C isotope has a relative isotopic mass of 13.00.

Define the term relative isotopic mass.
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[2]

(iii)

Calculate the relative atomic mass of this sample of carbon to three significant
figures.
Ar = ............................................
[2]
[Total 5 marks]

7.

In 2000, the mass of CO2 emitted in the UK was equivalent to 1 kg per person in every
hour.
(i)

Calculate the volume of 1 kg of carbon dioxide. Assume that 1 mole of CO2

occupies 24 dm3.
volume = .......................... dm3
[2]

(ii)

The UK has set a target to cut CO2 emissions by 60% of the 2000 value by 2050.
Calculate the reduction needed in the volume of CO2 emissions each hour per
person if the target is to be met.
answer: ........................... dm3
[1]
[Total 3 marks]

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8.

A student prepared an aqueous solution of calcium chloride by reacting calcium with

+
hydrochloric acid. Calcium chloride contains Ca2 and Cl ions.
(a)

Complete and balance the following equation for this reaction.

Ca(s) + HCl(aq) . CaCl2(aq) +
[2]

(b)

This is a redox reaction.

Use oxidation states to show that calcium has been oxidised.
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[2]
[Total 4 marks]

9.

To prepare the aqueous calcium chloride, the student added the exact amount of
calcium so that all the hydrochloric acid had reacted. She used 50 cm3 of
2.0 mol dm3 HCl.
(i)

How many moles of HCl had she used?

[1]

(ii)

Calculate the mass of calcium that she used.

[2]

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(iii)

The student added some more calcium and she was surprised that a reaction still
took place.

Explain this observation.

Write a balanced equation for this reaction.

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[3]
[Total 6 marks]

10.

The element titanium, Ti, atomic number 22, is a metal that is used in the aerospace
industry for both airframes and engines.
A sample of titanium for aircraft construction was analysed using a mass spectrometer
and was found to contain three isotopes, 46Ti, 47Ti and 48Ti. The results of the analysis
are shown in the table below.
46

isotope

Ti

47

Ti

48

Ti

relative isotopic mass

46.00

47.00

48.00

percentage composition

8.9

9.8

81.3

(a)

(i)

Explain the term isotopes.

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................................................................................................................
[1]

(ii)

Complete the table below for atoms of two of the titanium isotopes.

isotope
46

Ti

47

Ti

protons

neutrons

electrons

[2]

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(b)

Using the information in the first table, calculate the relative atomic mass of this
sample of titanium.
Give your answer to three significant figures.
[2]
[Total 5 marks]

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