Proposal for slum Empowerment through Employment & Education

THE EEE MODEL

A Sustainable Solution for Marginalized Slum Communities

Priyadarshi Bhaskar Dr. Sameer Iyer Shrabani Bera

Table of Contents

Executive Summary Backgrounds Situational Analysis of Kartavya Proposed Employment Expansion Plan for Kartavya Organisation Structure to achieve the planning for Kartavya Proposed Implementation plan for Kartavya Proposed Financial sources for Kartavya Proposed Financial Model for Kartavya Monitoring & Evaluation

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
About one in six Indian city residents lives in an urban slum with unsanitary conditions that are "unfit for human habitation," according to the first complete census of India's vast slum population. "A slum, for the purpose of census, has been defined as residential areas where dwellings are unfit for human habitation by reasons of dilapidation, overcrowding ... lack of ventilation, light or sanitation facility". According to NSSO these are some facts about slums in India 2008-2009. About 49 thousand slums were estimated to be in existence in urban India in2008-09, 24% of them were located along nallahs and drains and 12% alongrailway lines. About 48% of the slums were usually affected by waterlogging during monsoon 32% with inside of slum waterlogged as well as approach road to the slum, 7%where the slum was waterlogged but not the approach road, and 9% where only the approach road was waterlogged in the monsoon. The sanitary conditions in the slums in terms of latrine facility during 2008-09showed considerable improvement since 2002. Latrines with septic tanks (or similar facility) were available in 68% notified and 47% non-notified slums (up from 66% and 35% respectively in 2002). At the other extreme, 10% notified and 20% nonnotified slums (down from 17% and 51% in 2002) did not have any latrine facility at all. About 10% notified and 23% non-notified slums did not have any drainage facility. The corresponding proportions in 2002 had been 15% for notified and 44% for non-notified slums. Underground drainage systems or drainage systems constructed of pucca materials existed in about 39% notified slums (25% in 2002) and 24% non-notified slums (13% in 2002). According to Indian Embassy figures, there are 314,700 children living on the streets of Bombay [Mumbai], Calcutta [Kolkata], Madras [Chennai], Kanpur, Bangalore and Hyderabad, and another 100,000 live in New Delhi; however, these numbers may not reflect the true picture, as accurate census information is difficult to collect. In truth, millions of India's children are denied even the most basic rights of survival and protection. Children living on the streets are especially vulnerable to victimization, exploitation, and the abuse of their civil and economic rights. From the above information it is self-explanatory that urgent efforts are necessary to uplift the lifestyle of this segment of Indian population. So we bring here a model to educate this mass of people, help them find an organised mode of income & last but not the least teach them the basic hygiene for self & family.

BACKGROUNDS
attend schoolsThe organization is volunteered by college students. A team of volunteers at college constituting around 50 to volunteers per college. A definite hierarchy is made in which college students from 1st year to final year have a certain role to play. The responsibilities are given according to the abilities, interest and experience of the volunteers. Generally first year students teach in the evening time, second year students become class teacher and supervisors, third year students become various team in-charge 4th year students become center in-charge or coordinators and 5th year students (if any ) become chapter coordinator. At the time of vacation, the local college graduates or undergraduates maintain the continuity of the centre. For that they are paid reasonable amount which help them to continue their education and help in their family life. In this way, more than 100 graduate and undergraduate teachers are being benefitted by kartavya. Kartavya has inspired to professionals also who give special training like karate class and art classes to kartavya students. Also few permanent employees are hired for centre caretaking purposes. Now Kartavya needs to plan a business model to expand their service profile and help the mass from the slums to build up a hierarchical organisation which will deliver the society its services in an organised & optimum way & in return ensure an adequate remuneration to the deprived masses, so that they can sustain a healthy living.

"Kartavya is a Non-Governmental Organisation providing free and high quality education to underprivileged children living in slums and villages near college campuses. The whole management of the organization is handled by college students. Apart from two-hours evening tuitions to around 1200 children, they are admitted in good private schools for formal education. Ism is surrounded by slums. Slum children used to gather near ISM hostels to collect stale foods.They loitered in and around campus to collect garbage. Subsequently in year 1999 ,a group of ISM students headed by Mr. Amresh Mishra ( presently an IPS officer) started teaching those slum children in a mandir premises in the slum. The children (all hailing from poor n socially downtrodden families) get evening tuition and they also

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SITUATION ANALYSIS OF KARTAVYA

To analyze the current situation of the organization, we can do SWOT analysis. STRENGTHS WEAKNESS

Strong support from ISM Dhanbad Lack of organizational structure High caliber student involvement in Lack of tie ups with corporates at a larger education imparting scale Programs for holistic development of Difficulty in getting volunteers for children activities due to its location High dependency on students for their teaching program Lack of high promotional activities OPPORTUNITIES THREATS High potential for fund raising activities. Lack of fund raising can result in Potential for growth in creating skills and decreased opportunities for it to grow and employment opportunities for the reach its potential and sustainability. downtrodden. Threat from the local people who are not Improving its visibility through aware about its activities . promotional activities. Seeking professional guidance from institutes like TISS.

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PROPOSED EMPLOYMENT EXPANSION PLAN FOR KARTAVYA

We will be leveraging the strengths existing in the organization and would like to explore the opportunities, negating its weakness and threats through following activities Increase visibility through promotional activities through media ,street plays,awareness campaigns Tie up with other NGOS Tie up with CSRS of more corporate organizations for fund raising and support activities Developing organization structure for better planning, coordination and review process PLANNING FOR EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN POST TRAINING PROVIDING AAYAS OR DOMESTIC HELPS IN CITIES MENTIONED ABOVE SEEKING OPPORTUNITIES/POSITIONS FOR MIDWIVES/DAIS IN PHC WHERE THERE IS DEARTH OF THESE SERVICES ALSO LADIES CAN BE TRAINED IN CUTTING & STICHING & A STICHING CENTRE FOR HI-DEMAND COTTON APPARELS OR UNDERGARMENTS CAN BE SET UP, WHICH WILL SUPPLY TO THE APPAREL MARKET THROUGH VARIOUS VENDORS.

ASSUMPTION: There are about 500 men and women folks each in this one thousand people. AFTER IDENTIFICATION OF SKILLS IF THEY POSSESS ANY SKILL DEVELOPMENT CAN BE PLANNED FOR BOTH MEN AND WOMEN SEPARATELY SKILL DEVELOPMENT FOR MEN TRAINING MEN FOR DRIVING FOUR WHEELERS PLUMBING ELECTRICIAN TAILORING

SKILL DEVELOPMENT FOR WOMEN FOLK TRAINING FOR MIDWIFE AND AAYA WORK TAILORING CANDLE MAKING

PLANNING FOR EMPLOYMENT OF MEN POST TRAINING SET UP AN ONLINE PORTAL AND A CENTRE/AGENCY WHICH PROVIDES SERVICES IN: PROVIDING PLUMBING AND ELECTRICIAN SERVICES IN DHANBAD, BOKARO,JAMSHEDPUR AND KOLKOTA. DRIVERS IN DHANBAD,JAMSHEDPUR,BOKARO WHERE DEMAND FOR DRIVERS IS HIGH

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ORGANISATION STRUCTURE TO ACHIEVE THE PLANNING FOR KARTAVYA

ROLE DESCRIPTION Board of directors: Apart from the exsisting board of directors we plan to tie up with the corporates and bring the directors on board.also we plan to bring a director advisor from tata institute of social sciences for valuable guidance. Adminstrative cum finance officer: He will bechief of adminstrative responsibilities along with supervision of finances and will oversee the accountants work. Project manager:He willbe responsible for planning, strategising and reviewing the ongoing project in education and employment.project coordinators will report to him to detail about the activities. Project coordinators:Will be responsible for planning of staff in the respective areas of education and employment development,promotional activities where in they will be a part of fund raising programs.

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PROPOSED IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOR KARTAVYA

Implementation Implementation can be done by using five staged process 1. Inputs 2. Activities 3. Output 4. Objectives achievement 5. Monitoring About inputs and budgets Inputs are the funds, equipment, expertise, human resources, and so on, necessary for carrying out the activities. Inputs may come from many different sources, and they can occur at various levels: local, national and international. The inputs shape our budget, as each element needs to becosted. When we prepare a budget, we will make sure that our own contributions are reflected if they are in kind (e.g., the time we spend finding good people for our network), put a price on them. It is helpful to use a computer program, such as Excel, to prepare our budget. Standard budget lines are: personnel (list each position and the salary required), personnel support costs (taxes, insurance, benefits), transport (for vehicles, indicate both the cost of operations and the cost of writing off their purchase), supplies, rent (office space, storage space), monitoring and evaluation, and indirect costs (maintaining an office staff to support the project administratively). About activities A good way to set out your activities is through a work plan, as illustrated in this simplified model: Education plan implementation model Action Steps/ Timeline Organisation Structure Finance and Fund Raising Awareness among parents and other people Contact with School authorities Students Enrollment 1st week 2nd week 3rd Week 4th Week 1st week onwards (

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PROPOSED IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOR KARTAVYA CONTD.

Employment plan implementation model Action Steps/ Timeline Organisation Structure Finance and Fund Raising Awareness among local people about the proposed employment plan and work type selections Selection of 1000 slum people Commencement of training/ job (is already skilled) Commencement of the work of trained workers About outputs Outputs are the products which result from the project activities. The key word is to produce. Examples of outputs might be materials, curricula, reports, draft policies, or people trained. Not all outputs are achieved at the end of the NGO formation some may be ready earlier than others. Objectives Short term: Long term: 1st week 2nd week 3rd Week 4th Week 1st week onwards

Well-functioning organization catering to the employment of 1000 slum people and education for the minimum 100 students. Elimination of illiteracy among children and elder people. One hundred percent sustained employment

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PROPOSED FINANCIAL SOURCING FOR KARTAVYA

BUDGET RESOURCING Come Up With a Fundraising Plan. Money required for an NGO to operate primarily goes into their educational and social programs, the overall operation of the NGO (administration, utilities), and projects (surveys, giving programs). Both the board of directors and the executive director should be active participants in fundraising and it is important that writing grants, seeking contributions, and other fundraising skills are acquired skills early in the NGOs development.In order to come up with the best fundraising strategy, it is important to identify what the needs are of the NGO and what sources can best fulfill these needs. Professionalism,communication, and accountability are crucial for building trust with a potential donor. Also, understanding why a person or group is supporting a program, activity, or the NGO as whole is useful in soliciting them to contribute for a second time or even continuously. The NGO has three basic sources from which to find money for their work. 1. FUND RAISING This is a distinct category, where the NGO appeals to the public and persuades individuals and groups to support its cause. By far the most difficult of the three methods, it also raises many ideological problems, which could actually be surrogate counter-arguments to involvement with an unfamiliar and intimidating approach which calls for new skills and attitudes. Currently the organization is already raising the fund from Alumni, students and other colleges network. Now for the expansion, the NGO can approach different companies, corporations, businesses, and institutions to further raise the money. The CSR funds can be used as a good boost as well as sustainable growth of the fund stock. The NGO can also organize few events regularly as a fund raising activity to collect the fund. Various religious groups can also be approached for the fund raising purpose. 2. FUNDING There are many International donors interested in the work done by NGOs in India. There are some Indian institutional donors, although access is not quite so easy as in the international system. International donors may be NGOs or government (bilateral and multilateral) organisations. In India too there are government agencies, although for various reasons NGOs are reluctant to work with them. So we need to explore all these option. We can try contacting these sources to get their support to fund the project of the NGOs expansion. 3. FUND GENERATIONS Money from the rent of factors of production is classified in this category. It would include income from land (agricultural and dairy farms seem to be a particular favorites with NGOs, especially those with a rural orientation) and assets like buildings and facilities. Income from consultancy or training and workshop fees would also fall into this category. The part of money generated from the employment benefits can be used to fund the organization. Interest on funds deposited in banks or return on investment from business enterprises is yet another source of fund generation.

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PROPOSED FINANCIAL SOURCING FOR KARTAVYA CONTD.

TIMELINE & STEPS FOR FINANCIAL PLANNING BUDGET RESOURCING Come Up With a Fundraising Plan. Money required for an NGO to operate primarily goes into their educational and social programs, the overall operation of the NGO (administration, utilities), and projects (surveys, giving programs). Both the board of directors and the executive director should be active participants in fundraising and it is important that writing grants, seeking contributions, and other fundraising skills are acquired skills early in the NGOs development.In order to come up with the best fundraising strategy, it is important to identify what the needs are of the NGO and what sources can best fulfil these needs. Professionalism, communication, and accountability are crucial for building trust with a potential donor. Also, understanding why a person or group is supporting a program, activity, or the NGO as whole is useful in soliciting them to contribute for a second time or even continuously. The NGO has three basic sources from which to find money for their work. 1.FUND RAISING This is a distinct category, where the NGO appeals to the public and persuades individuals and groups to support its cause. By far the most difficult of the three methods, it also raises many ideological problems, which could actually be surrogate counter-arguments to involvement with an unfamiliar and intimidating approach which calls for new skills and attitudes. Currently the organization is already raising the fund from Alumni, students and other colleges network. Now for the expansion, the NGO can approach different companies, corporations, businesses, and institutions to further raise the money. The CSR funds can be used as a good boost as well as sustainable growth of the fund stock. The NGO can 11 |

also organize few events regularly as a fund raising activity to collect the fund. Various religious groups can also be approached for the fund raising purpose. 2. FUNDING There are many International donors interested in the work done by NGOs in India. There are some Indian institutional donors, although access is not quite so easy as in the international system. International donors may be NGOs or government (bilateral and multilateral) organisations. In India too there are government agencies, although for various reasons NGOs are reluctant to work with them. So we need to explore all these option. We can try contacting these sources to get their support to fund the project of the NGOs expansion. 3 FUND GENERATIONS Money from the rent of factors of production is classified in this category. It would include income from land (agricultural and dairy farms seem to be a particular favorites with NGOs, especially those with a rural orientation) and assets like buildings and facilities.

Income from consultancy or training and workshop fees would also fall into this category. The part of money generated from the employment benefits can be used to fund the organization. Interest on funds deposited in banks or return on investment from business enterprises is yet another source of fund generation. The NGO should also devise a plan to generate the fund using the investment methodology. For this the NGO can tie up with a bank to offer the investor/ fund providers investment option on less rate (5 %). Investors will feel the urge for benevolence towards the NGO and hence they will come up to invest similar to Fixed deposit. The NGO can use this fund to establish employment inside the organisation and outside organisation. Further the profit can be used to raise the money stock for further expansion.

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PROPOSED FINANCIAL MODEL FOR KARTAVYA

Men Expected Monthly Salary Commison Income Driver 200 4000 7.5% Plumber 150 4500 7.5% Technician 150 5000 7.5% Tailor 0 Total 500

Commision Income Yearly

7,20,000.00 6,07,500.00 6,75,000.00 House Maid 200 1500 7.5%

20,02,500.00

Women Expected Monthly Salary Commison Income

Baby sitter 125 2000 7.5%

Mid Wifes 100 2500 7.5%

Tailors 75

Total 500

Commision Income Yearly

2,70,000.00 2,25,000.00 2,25,000.00

7,20,000.00

Total Earning for Tailoring business ( It is assumed that on each person will make us rs 50 after deducting his daily wage )

27,22,500.00 11,25,000.00

38,47,500.00

Admin Expense

24,60,000.00

Net Profit

13,87,500.00

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MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Everyone -- donors, stakeholders, and most of all, the board members and other employees -- wants to know how the implementation of NGO is working out, and whether it achieves the results that had been expected. We need to monitor progress, and evaluate outcomes. Concrete evidence about the outcome of a project is essential to decide whether it has actually contributed to the elimination of the problem it was meant to address. Future decisions rely on the quality of such information. For this, a regular quarterly report should be generated, mentioning the achievements, budget allocation, organizational milestones achieved etc. This should be available online. After watching the transparent process, Donors, stakeholders etc. will feel motivated to come ahead with support further. Also in this way, continuous monitoring and required improvement/ correction in the organization can be brought.

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