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Contents
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• 1 Network Classification
o 1.1 Scale
o 1.2 Connection method
o 1.3 Functional relationship (Network Architectures)
o 1.4 Network topology
• 2 Types of networks
o 2.1 Personal Area Network (PAN)
o 2.2 Local Area Network (LAN)
o 2.3 Campus Area Network (CAN)
o 2.4 Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
o 2.5 Wide Area Network (WAN)
o 2.6 Global Area Network (GAN)
o 2.7 Internetwork
2.7.1 Intranet
2.7.2 Extranet
2.7.3 Internet
• 3 Basic Hardware Components
o 3.1 Network Interface Cards
o 3.2 Repeaters
o 3.3 Hubs
o 3.4 Bridges
o 3.5 Switches
o 3.6 Routers
• 4 See also
• 5 References
[edit] Scale
Network Topology signifies the way in which devices in the network see
their logical relations to one another. The use of the term "logical" here
is significant. That is, network topology is independent of the "physical"
layout of the network. Even if networked computers are physically
placed in a linear arrangement, if they are connected via a hub, the
network has a Star topology, rather than a Bus Topology. In this regard
the visual and operational characteristics of a network are distinct; the
logical network topology is not necessarily the same as the physical
layout.
All interconnected devices must understand the network layer (layer 3),
because they are handling multiple subnets (the different colors). Those
inside the library, which have only 10/100 Mbit/s Ethernet connections
to the user device and a Gigabit Ethernet connection to the central
router, could be called "layer 3 switches" because they only have
Ethernet interfaces and must understand IP. It would be more correct to
call them access routers, where the router at the top is a distribution
router that connects to the Internet and academic networks' customer
access routers.
[edit] Internetwork
• Intranet
• Extranet
• Internet
Intranets and extranets may or may not have connections to the Internet.
If connected to the Internet, the intranet or extranet is normally protected
from being accessed from the Internet without proper authorization. The
Internet is not considered to be a part of the intranet or extranet,
although it may serve as a portal for access to portions of an extranet.
[edit] Intranet
[edit] Extranet
[edit] Internet
Main article: Internet
[edit] Repeaters
[edit] Hubs
Main article: Network hub
[edit] Bridges
[edit] Switches
[edit] Routers