General Electric CF6 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The General Electric CF6 is a family of high-bypass turbofan engines produced by GE Aviation. A development of the first high-power high-bypass jet engine available, the TF39, the CF6 powers a wide variety of civilian airliners. The basic engine core formed the basis for the LM2500, LM5000, and LM6000 marine and power generation turboshaft. GE intends to replace the CF6 family with the GEnx.

CF6

1 Development 2 Variants 2.1 CF6-6 2.2 CF6-50 2.3 CF6-80 2.3.1 CF6-80A 2.3.2 CF6-80C2 2.3.3 CF6-80E1 2.3.4 Other variants 3 Applications 4 Specifications (CF6-50) 4.1 General characteristics 4.2 Components 4.3 Performance 5 See also 6 References 7 External links

CF6 turbofan at the KLM engine shop Type Manufacturer First run Turbofan GE Aviation 1971

Major applications Airbus A300 Airbus A330 Boeing 747 Boeing 767 McDonnell Douglas DC-10 McDonnell Douglas MD-11 Lockheed C-5M Super Galaxy Developed from Developed into General Electric TF39 General Electric LM6000 CFM International CFM56

After the successful development in the late 1960s of the TF39 for the C-5 Galaxy, GE offered a more powerful development for civilian use as the CF6, and quickly found interest in two designs being offered for a recent Eastern Airlines contract, the Lockheed L-1011 and McDonnell Douglas DC-10. Although the L-1011 would eventually select the Rolls-Royce RB211, the DC-10 stuck with the CF6, and entered service in 1971. It was also selected for versions of the Boeing 747. Since then, the CF6 has powered versions of the Airbus A300, 310 and 330, Boeing 767, and McDonnell Douglas MD-11.[1] The NTSB issued warnings regarding the cracking of the high pressure compressor in 2000 and failure of the low pressure turbine rotor disks in 2010.[2][3]

CF6-6

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The CF6-6 was a development of the military TF39. It was first utilized on the McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10. This initial version of the CF6 comprises a single stage fan, with one core booster stage, driven by a 5-stage LP (low pressure) turbine, turbocharging a 16-stage HP (high pressure) axial compressor driven by a 2-stage HP turbine; the combustor is annular; separate exhaust nozzles are used for the fan and core airflows. The 86.4 in (2.19 m) diameter fan generates an airflow of 1300 lb/s (590 kg/s), resulting in a relatively high bypass ratio of 5.72. The overall pressure ratio of the compression system is 24.3. At maximum take-off power, the engine develops a static thrust of 41,500 lb (185.05 kN).

CF6 high-bypass turbofan

A complete disintegration of a CF6-6 fan assembly resulted in the loss of cabin pressurization of National Airlines Flight 27 over New Mexico, USA in 1973.[4] The failure of a CF6-6 was the primary cause of the Sioux City, Iowa USA crash of United Airlines Flight 232 in 1989.

CF6-50
The CF6-50 series are high-bypass turbofan engines rated between 51,000 and 54,000 lb (227.41 to 240.79 kN) of thrust. The CF6-50 was developed into the LM5000 industrial turboshaft engines. It was launched in 1969 to power the long range McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30, and was derived from the earlier CF6-6. Because a significant increase in thrust and therefore core power was required not long after the -6 had entered service, General Electric could not increase (HP) turbine rotor inlet temperature significantly, so they took the very expensive decision to reconfigure the CF6 core to increase its basic size. They achieved this by removing two stages from the rear of the HP compressor (even leaving an empty air passage, where the blades and vanes had once been located). Two extra booster stages were added to the LP (low pressure) compressor, which increased the overall pressure ratio to 29.3. Although the 86.4 in (2.19 m) diameter fan was retained, the airflow was raised to 1450 lb/s (660 kg/s), yielding a static thrust of 51,000 lbf (227 kN). The increase in core size and overall pressure ratio significantly raised the core flow, resulting in a decrease in bypass ratio to 4.26. In late 1969, the CF6-50 was selected to power the then new Airbus A300. Air France became the launch customer for the A300 by ordering six aircraft in 1971. In 1975, KLM was the first airline to order the Boeing 747 powered by the CF6-50. This led further developments to the CF6 family such as the CF6-80. The CF6-50 also powered the Boeing YC-14 USAF AMST transport prototype. The basic CF6-50 engine was also offered with a 10% thrust derate for the 747SR, a short-range high-cycle version used by All Nippon Airways for domestic Japanese operations. This engine is termed the CF6-45. Four uncontained failures of CF6-45/50 engines in the preceding two years prompted the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board to issue an "urgent" recommendation to increase inspections of the engines on U.S. aircraft in May 2010.[5] None of the four incidents of rotor disk imbalance and subsequent failure resulted in an accident, but parts of the engine did penetrate the engine housing in each case.[5]

CF6-80
The CF6-80 series are high-bypass turbofan engines with a thrust range of 48,000 to 75,000 lb (214 to 334 kN). Although the HP compressor still has 14 stages, GE did take the opportunity to tidy-up the design, by removing the empty air passage at compressor exit.[citation needed]

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Following a series of high-pressure turbine failures,[6] [7] [8] some which resulted in 767s being written off,[9] [10] [11] the FAA has issued an airworthiness directive mandating inspections for over 600 engines. The NTSB believed that this number should be increased to include all -80 series engines with more than 3000 cycles since new or since last inspection.[12] The -80 series is divided into three distinct models. CF6-80A The CF6-80A, which has a thrust rating of 48,000 to 50,000 lb (214 to 222 kN), powered two twinjets, the Boeing 767 and Airbus A310. The GE-powered 767 entered airline service in 1982, and the GE powered A310 in early 1983. It is rated for ETOPS operations. For the CF6-80A/A1, the fan diameter remains at 86.4 in (2.19 m), with an airflow of 1435 lb/s (651 kg/s). Overall pressure ratio is 28.0, with a bypass ratio of 4.66. Static thrust is 48,000 lbf (214 kN). The basic mechanical configuration is the same as the -50 series. CF6-80C2 For the CF6-80C2-A1, the fan diameter is increased to 93 in (2.36 m), with an airflow of 1750 lb/s (790 kg/s). Overall pressure ratio is 30.4, with a bypass ratio of 5.15. Static thrust is 59,000 lb (263 kN). An extra stage is added to the HP compressor, and a 5th to the LP turbine.[13] The CF6-80C2 is currently certified on eleven widebody aircraft models including the Boeing 747-400, and McDonnell Douglas MD-11. The CF6-80C2 is also certified for ETOPS-180 for the Airbus A300, Airbus A310, Boeing 767, and, as the F138-GE-100, the U.S. Air Force's C-5M Super Galaxy. CF6-80E1 The CF6-80E1 is a derivative of the successful CF6 family applied to the Airbus A330, with thrust rating of 67,500 to 72,000 lb (300 to 320 kN).[14] Other variants The industrial and marine development of the CF6-80C2, the LM6000 Series, has found wide use including fast ferry and high speed cargo ship applications, as well as in power generation.[citation needed]
Air Canada Boeing 767-300ER with CF6-80C2B6F engines

CF6-6 McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10 CF6-45 Boeing 747-100SR

CF6-80C2 Boeing 767 E-10 MC2A Boeing E-767 Boeing KC-767 Boeing 747

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CF6-50 McDonnell Douglas DC-10 McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30 KC-10 Extender Boeing 747 Boeing 747-200 Boeing 747-300 Boeing E-4B Airbus A300 Boeing YC-14 CF6-80A Boeing 767 Airbus A310

Boeing 747-400/-400ER Boeing VC-25 (Air Force One) Lockheed C-5M Galaxy McDonnell Douglas MD-11 Airbus A300-600 Kawasaki C-2 CF6-80E1/E2 Airbus A330

Data from General Electric.[15]

General characteristics Type: Turbofan Length: 183 in (4.65 m) Diameter: 105 in (2.67 m) Dry weight: 8,966 - 9,047 lb (4067 kg - 4104 kg) Components Compressor: 1 stage fan, 3 stage low pressure, 14 stage high pressure axial compressor Combustors: annular Turbine: 2 stage high pressure, 4 stage low pressure turbine Performance Maximum thrust: 52,500 - 61,500 lbs (234.1 - 274.23 kN) Overall pressure ratio: 29.2:1 - 31.1:1 Bypass ratio: 4.24 - 4.4 Thrust-to-weight ratio: 5.6:1 - 6:1
An FAA cutaway diagram of the CF6-6 engine

Related development General Electric TF39 General Electric LM2500 Comparable engines
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Pratt & Whitney JT9D Pratt & Whitney PW4000 Ivchenko-Progress D-18 Rolls-Royce RB211 Rolls-Royce Trent 700 Related lists List of aircraft engines

1. ^ General Electric - Model TF39 (http://www.geae.com/engines/military/tf39/index.html) 2. ^ "Safety Recommendation A-00-104" (http://www.ntsb.gov/Recs/letters/2000/A00_104.pdf) (PDF). National Transportation Safety Board. August 9, 2000. 3. ^ "FOUR RECENT UNCONTAINED ENGINE FAILURE EVENTS PROMPT NTSB TO ISSUE URGENT SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS TO FAA" (http://www.ntsb.gov/Pressrel/2010/100527b.html). National Transportation Safety Board. May 27, 2010. 4. ^ Applying Lessons Learned - National Airlines Flight 27 (http://lessons.air.mmac.faa.gov/l2/NAL27/sum/) Federal Aviation Administration 5. ^ a b Ahlers, Mike M. (May 28, 2010), Jet engine failures overseas prompt 'urgent' NTSB recommendation here (http://www.cnn.com/2010/US/05/27/ntsb.engine.failures/index.html?hpt=T2), CNN, retrieved 2010-05-28 6. ^ Report on aircraft C-FTCA 6 September 1997 engine failure (http://aviation-safety.net/database /record.php?id=19970906-1&lang=en) Aviation Safety Network 7. ^ Report on aircraft PP-VNN 7 June 2000 engine failure (http://aviation-safety.net/database /record.php?id=20000607-1&lang=en) Aviation Safety Network 8. ^ Report on aircraft ZK-NBC 8 December 2002 engine failure (http://aviation-safety.net/database /record.php?id=20021208-1&lang=en) Aviation Safety Network 9. ^ Report on aircraft N654US 22 September 2000 engine failure (http://aviation-safety.net/database /record.php?id=20000922-0&lang=en) Aviation Safety Network 10. ^ Report on aircraft N330AA 2 June 2006 engine failure (http://aviation-safety.net/database /record.php?id=20060602-0) Aviation Safety Network 11. ^ N330AA photos (http://www.airliners.net/search/photo.search?regsearch=N330AA&distinct_entry=true) airliners.net 12. ^ NTSB wants at-risk GE CF6 engines removed (http://www.flightglobal.com/Articles/2006/09/05/Navigation /177/208851/US+aviation+safety+board+NTSB+wants+atrisk+GE+CF6+engines+removed+after+June+uncontained+failure.html) Flight International, September 5, 2006 13. ^ CF6-80C2 Engine | Commercial Aviation | Jet Engines | GE Aviation. http://www.geaviation.com/engines /commercial/cf6/cf6-80c2.html. Accessed May 12, 2013. 14. ^ CF6-80E1 Engine | Commercial Aviation | Jet Engines | GE Aviation. http://www.geaviation.com/engines /commercial/cf6/cf6-80e1.html. Accessed May 12, 2013. 15. ^ GE CF6-50. http://geae.com/engines/commercial/cf6/cf6-50.html. Accessed Oct 3 2009.

GE CF6 website (http://www.geae.com/engines/commercial/cf6/index.html) "Volvo Aero CF6-80 webpage" (http://web.archive.org/web/20070622021412/http://www.volvo.com /volvoaero/global/en-gb/businesssolutions/OEM/component+partner+-+commercial/CF6-80/). Archived from the original (http://www.volvo.com/volvoaero/global/en-gb/businesssolutions /OEM/component+partner+-+commercial/CF6-80/) on 2007-06-22. subcontractor NTSB Safety Recommendation on GE CF-6 engines of December 12 2000 (http://www.ntsb.gov /recs/letters/2000/A00_121_124.pdf) PDF 262 KB Stammen, Ken (2001-01-03). "Engine failures cause GE overhaul" (http://web.archive.org /web/20070822105919/http://www.cincypost.com/business/engine010301.html). The Cincinnati Post.

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Archived from the original (http://www.cincypost.com/business/engine010301.html) on 2007-08-22. Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Electric_CF6&oldid=571921093" Categories: High-bypass turbofan engines General Electric aircraft engines Turbofan engines 19701979 This page was last modified on 7 September 2013 at 14:43. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.

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