Preface

This book has been written in accordance with the course curriculum /syllabus, as prescribed by UPSC for its General Studies-IV paper, titled Ethics Integrity and Aptitude. Simple vocabulary, and common day to day language has been made use of in the book, in order to provide a seamless reading and learning experience for the reader. The examples cited in the book, are in most cases, real-life ones. These would help the reader connect the conceptual formulations with everyday experience and generate a sound understanding of the subject material. Many chapters of this book have been enriched with self explanatory flowcharts for a quick revision of the content elaborated there-in. In the starting of the book the syllabus as provided by the UPSC has been given. It would be beneficial for the aspirants to go through it at least 4 to 5 times, in order to absorb the content and scope of the paper. It is also advisable that before reading any chapter provided in the book, the aspirants ought to jot down their own general ideas on the topic. This exercise would be beneficial for inculcating originality of thought, and drafting unique answers. Several case studies have been provided for, alongside the various chapters of this book. The case studies will challenge the mind of the reader and pose dilemmas which may be tough to decide upon. These case studies have been drafted considering the various reallife dilemmas that an administrator faces and the development of a broad-based understanding which is a prerequisite for him/her. In order not to restrict the originality and uniqueness of the answers of the aspirants to these case studies, and also giving due consideration to the fact that different people may hold different views on how to act in a situation, cyclo-style answers have not been provided. Rather, an analysis of the situation has been provided in the form of flowcharts, to help the aspirant write his/her own unique answers. This book is meant to be a holistic guide on the subject matter for all aspiring civil servants. Additionally, this book is beneficial to all those, who decide to take a conscious step towards developing a deeper understanding of the ethics and morals of our society, the need of which persists today, more than ever before.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
i. ii. iii Unit I Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Ethics Essence Determinants of ethics Consequences of ethics in Human Actions Dimensions of ethics Ethics in public and private relationships Ethics in public life Lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators Role of family, society, and educational institutions in inculcating values 01 03 10 15 28 31 38 56 Acknowledgement Preface Syllabus ii iii iv

Unit II Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Unit III Chapter 1 Foundational values for civil services Integrity 91 Attitude: content, structure and function Attitude: its influence and relation with thought and behavior Moral and political attitudes Attitude: social influence and persuasion 62 67 70 76

Unit IV Chapter 1 Unit V Chapter 1 Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and the world 106 Emotional intelligence 101

Unit VI Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Unit VII Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Probity in governance: concept of public service Philosophical basis of governance and probity Information sharing and transparency in government Right to Information Act Code of ethics Codes of conduct Citizen's charter 137 139 142 144 146 149 151 Public/civil service values and ethics in public administration: status and problems Ethical concerns and dilemmas in government and private institutions Laws, rules, regulations and conscience as sources of ethical guidance Accountability and ethical governance Strengthening of ethical and moral values in governance Ethical issues in international relations and funding Corporate governance 115 117 122 124 126 129 133

Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 ANNEXURES A B C

Work Culture Quality of services delivery Utilization of public funds Challenges of Corruption

153 155 159 162

UPSC Sample paper Practice Questions References

166 168 170

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