ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD (Department of English Language & Applied Linguistics)

Dear Students, We welcome you to our Diploma in TEFL programme. This is basically a programme for teaching you how to teach English language to others. However, you might notice that a great deal of the course material is intended to improve your own English language skills and at the same time to acquaint you with the latest trends and strategies for handling these skills in the classroom. The programme consists of eight courses and a mandatory component of twelve days workshop. This packet you receive should include the following study material of 5658 course: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Phonology 5658 Supplementary Reading Material (Grammar and Phonology) Two audio cassettes Two assignments Six assignment forms.

In case any item is missing please contact. The Mailing Section, Allama Iqbal Open University Sector H-8, Islamabad Ph No. 051-9057611-12 We hope you will enjoy and benefit from the course. Good luck. Course Coordinator Phonology (5658)

ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD (Department of English Language & Applied Linguistics) WARNING
1. 2. PLAGIARISM OR HIRING OF GHOST WRITER(S) FOR SOLVING THE ASSIGNMENT(S) WILL DEBAR THE STUDENT FROM AWARD OF DEGREE/CERTIFICATE, IF FOUND AT ANY STAGE. SUBMITTING ASSIGNMENTS BORROWED OR STOLEN FROM OTHER(S) AS ONES OWN WILL BE PENALIZED AS DEFINED IN AIOU PLAGIARISM POLICY.

Course: Phonology (5658) Total Marks: 100

Semester: Spring 2013 Pass Marks: 40

(Units 19)

ASSIGNMENT No. 1
Q.1 Explain the following terms with examples: a. Pitch b. Stress c. Intonation d. Syllable e. Glide (10)

Q.2 What do you understand by the term manner of articulation and place of articulation? What role do these two play in describing the consonants? Explain. (10) Q.3 Transcribe the following words: (10) approached, distress, quench, eggs, almond, chamber, exhaust, industry, hypothesis, prejudice. Q.4 Follow the example and identify which phonemes in the list given below are consonants and which ones are vowels? (10) Example: Straight: CCCVC (C = Consonant, V = Vowel) quarrel, reformation, sugar, information, stylish, logic, philanthropic, dramatics, logical, pathetic. Q.5 It is said, All vowels are voiced while consonants can be voiced or voiceless. Discuss in detail. (10)

Q.6

a) b)

What is the difference between lenis and fortis? Why do we use them instead of voiceless and voiced terms respectively? (10) Indicate syllable boundaries in the following words as shown in the example: (10) Example: Sen / ten / ces importance, skateboard, cupcake, spaceship, ladybug, dishwasher, strawberry, alligator, helicopter, caterpillar.

Q.7 Q.8 Q.9

What are tongue glides? Why do we call /w,r,j/ sounds as glides? Explain.

(10)

Why is /h/ called voiceless vowel phonetically, and /h/ consonant phonologically? Discuss. (10) How would you describe the difference between phonemic transcription and phonetic transcription? (10)

ASSIGNMENT No. 2
Project Marks: 40 + 60 = 100
This assignment is based on a research-oriented activity. You are required to carry out a research and prepare a brief report on their findings in one of the areas given below. You will submit the report to the tutor within the scheduled period. Then you will have to present the same in the course/assignment presentation workshop (the schedule of the course/assignment presentation workshop will be intimated by the tutor concerned or the Regional Office). The assignment carries 40 marks for the written report/assignment and 60 for the presentation. A few guidelines for writing and presenting the report: a) b) c) The written report should have an introduction, body and conclusion. It should be written in clear, concise and correct English. It should be 5-8 double-spaced typed/handwritten pages. The presentation will be assessed and evaluated mainly in: i. Contents of the assignment/report ii. Communication skills iii. Language accuracy iv. Language fluency v. Presentation style You may use transparencies, charts or any other material for good presentation with the permission of the tutor (if possible).

f)

You will prepare your project on one of the following topics. Your tutor will assign different topic to different students during your classes. For example, if the number of students in your class is twenty, one topic may not be assigned to more than five students. 1. Transcribe the following passage on a sheet according to the British English, Request a person of Pakistani origin to read it for you. Record his/her voice and then transcribe it on a separate sheet. Compare these two transcriptions in terms of differences in vowels, consonants and diphthongs by exploring the role of indigenization in English. Prepare a comprehensive report and present it before your class. Margaret Thatcher is remembered for many things; she is pilloried for some, and honoured for others. For better or worse, she had an instinctive understanding that people wanted more control over their lives. The state was doing too much. So she let them buy their council houses. For many, it was the beginning of something wonderful. We have reached another of those inspirational moments. People want to own their own education. Our leaders need to take the educational revolution to the next level by creating a truly first-class education system. And under their noses is the first4

class, indeed world-beating, independent sector. The big barrier, of course, is cost. An independent education does not come cheap. However, with a contribution through the tax system from the government, parents should be allowed to top up what they want and go where they choose. An Independent School Council survey conducted by Populus shows that most people, given the choice, would send their child to an independent school, and it is now time the government refocused on supporting them. With the cost of a state school education around 5,000 a year, why not give that money back to parents as a voucher? Let them spend it at the school of their choice and let them top up, if they wish, to send their children to their local independent school. Yes, there may still be a funding gap, but as and do their uttermost to make admission possible. And we should go further. The majority of all schools could become independent by allowing them the one true freedom the ability to charge fees. Right now about 7% of children are educated at independent schools; the vast remainders are in state schools. It should be the opposite. This is all heady stuff, but it is the only way we shall achieve the education system our children deserve. Tight budgets are here to stay. We will never be able to make the leap in provision schools need to take education to the highest level. A sacrifice from the parent is required; a helping hand from a state mechanism makes this achievable. Source: The Guardian 2. Assimilation, elision and Linking r are three main features of connected speech. Record and listen to BBC and Dawn News bulletins, point out at least 30 examples of connected speech, prepare report and present before your class. Recordings are available on the websites of the channels. Stress Shift in verbs and nouns at school level is an area where we should put more effort as and English language teacher. To know the current status, construct (20) twenty sentences using following 10 (ten) words as noun and verb and request 10 (ten) English language teachers to read these sentences. Record their voices analyze the collected data quantitatively and share the findings with your classmates during your presentation. permit, default, desert, project, perfect, convert, present, produce, envelope, progress. 4. Conduct a survey in your town to know the opinion of the English language teachers regarding importance of teaching intonation patterns at secondary level. Analyze the collected data and prepare a consummate report based on findings discussing the effective way(s) to teach intonation patterns to our teachers.

3.