Use of Magnus Effect Rotors as Wind Turbines for Solar Chimney Power Plants

Presented by: Mohammed Abdul Hamid Abdul Latif Advisor: Prof. Mohamed Amr Serag El-Din

Outline

Introduction Objectives Methodology Results Conclusions Recommendations Acknowledgments

Introduction Solar Chimneys

Parameters:
Collector

Area (Power Input) Specific Heat Capacity (Storage) Length (Acceleration) Diameter (Output Velocity) Operating Conditions (Power Output) Efficiency (Power Output)
Figure 1: Solar Chimney Power Plant Principle of Operation

Absorber

Tower

Turbine

Introduction Solar Chimneys

Research to Reduce Costs:

Improvements in Construction:
Solar Chimneys on Mountains. Floating Solar Chimney. Cheaper Turbines

Improvements in Performance:
Turbine Layout Turbine Configurations

Introduction Magnus Effect

Proposal:

Use Magnus Effect Rotors as Turbine.

Magnus Effect:

Figure 5: Effect of Increasing Cylinder rotational speed on lift force

Introduction Magnus Effect

Applications:
Flettner Ships Magnus Generator

Figure 6: Flettner Ship using Magnus rotors for thrust

Figure 7: Turbine Utilizing Magnus Effect

Introduction

Figure 8: Top View of Proposed System

Figure 9: Solid model of Proposed System

Introduction

Magnus Effect Rotors Vs. Airfoils:

Manufacturing costs reduction Maintenance costs reduction Ease of Control Power Consumption

Objectives
Investigate possibility of proposed system. Study input variables:

Cylinder and disc diameters Cylinder and disc rotational speeds Number of cylinders Free stream velocity

Identify most dominant variable and its effect on the

performance. Study performance through variables:

Lift and drag forces generated Pressure drop across the turbine Power output.

Methodology

Experimental:
Inaccurate results due to scaling Tedious Expensive

Numerical model using Fluent:

Navier-Stokes Equations Finite Difference Method

Methodology

Non-Dimensional Analysis:
Similarity Reduction of Variables

Input:
Variables Cylinder Radius (r) Disc Radius (R) Cylinder Tangential Velocity () Disc Tangential Velocity () Number of Cylinders (n) Airspeed (v) Coefficients Cylinder Tangential Velocity to Airspeed Ratio (r / v) (CAR) Disc Tangential Velocity to Airspeed Ratio (R / v) (DAR) Number of Cylinders (n) Ratio of Cylinder to Disc radii (r / R)

Table 1: Variables and Coefficients used in the System

Methodology

Output:
Lift Coefficient Drag Coefficient Pressure Drop Coefficient Efficiency

Input Variable Variations:

Number of Cylinders (n):

180 120 90

Methodology

Cylinder to Disc Radii (r / R)

0.004 0.002 0.001

DAR:
0 0.0655 0.131 0.262 0.393 0.524 0.655

CAR:
1.31 2.62 3.93 5.24 6.55

Methodology

Methodology

Fluent Parameters:
Rotating Frame Equations Viscosity: k- Turbulence Model:

Robust Economic Accurate Accuracy in Swirling and Strained Flows Updated Values according to Analytical Equations

Renormalization Group (RNG):

Methodology

Wall Treatments: Enhanced Near Wall:

Accurate with flows experiencing:

High Reynolds Number Swirl Severe Pressure Gradients

Solver: Segregated Implicit Discretization Scheme: QUICK

High Accuracy with quadrilateral

meshes

Pressure Discretization: PREssure STaggering Option (PRESTO!):

High swirling and high speed rotating flows

Methodology

Gradient Evaluation: (Node Based Derivatives):

Triangular or Tetrahedral Meshes Accuracy.

Pressure Velocity Coupling: Semi-Implicit Method For Pressure Linked Equations Consistent (SIMPLEC):
Complicated flows due to Under-Relaxation. Reliable with minimum computational effort.

Termination Accuracy = 1 X 10-6

Methodology

Mesh Accuracy:
y+ < 5 10 cells in viscosity-affected near-wall region (ReY < 200).

Mesh Validation: Solve simple configuration analytically.

Results

Fluent Output:

Relative and absolute velocity vectors and the streamlines depicting the flow. Static pressure distribution over the rotating cylinder. Force component parallel to the free stream (radial to disc). Force component perpendicular to the free stream (tangential to disc). Pressure difference at locations before and after the turbine. Shear forces acting on the cylinder due to its rotation.

Results

Results

Results

Results

Results

Results

Results

Results

Results

Results

Results

Conclusions

Max. Efficiency = 86 %:
DAR = 1 CAR = 2

Number of Cylinders:
No Effect on Force. Increases Power Output. Minimum Gap.

Conclusions

Disc and Cylinder Radii:

Cylinder Radius increased Force. Tangential Velocity components.

System Efficiency depends strongly on Parameters.

Recommendations
1. 2.

Advanced Optimization Schemes. Include Height:

Recommendations
3. 4.

5.

Staggered Cylinder Arrangement. Analyze proposed Turbine coupled with Solar Chimney. Experimental Validation.