Professional Documents
Culture Documents
FPSO Topsides Design - Best Practices Project Profile - Shell Perdido Project Employing Best Practices in Offshore Automation Visit us at OTC Booth
4505
Dynamic Industries, Inc. (DII) provides expansive and integrated full-service fabrication, construction and maintenance services to a broad range of worldwide markets, including upstream (onshore/offshore) and downstream oil and gas, industrial, mining and chemicals. From structural steel fabrication of offshore jackets, drilling and production decks to process plant modules, DII is a proven leader in heavy and light fabrication capabilities. We have the ability to transport finished projects by water, rail and truck from our facilities located around the world. Complementing our core fabrication capabilities, DII provides a comprehensive array of essential field services. From installation and connection of the fabricated units, through commissioning and ongoing facility maintenance, both domestically and worldwide, DII is the logical choice. The diverse capabilities of its sister companies in Dynamic Energy Services International, LLC (DYNESI), formerly the Moreno Group, allow DII to offer additional services including material supply, equipment rental, construction labor and emergency response, environmental and technical services. For a totally integrated solution to your energy project, contact Dynamic Industries, Inc. at: Corporate Office
600 Jefferson St., Suite 1400 Lafayette, LA 70501 Ph: 337.237.1898 Fax: 337.769.9615
Houston Office
10777 Westheimer Rd., Suite 1175 Houston, TX 77042 Ph: 713.781.5510 Fax: 713.715.6678
www.dynamicind.com
Crop to 8.375x10.875
Table of Contents
Locations........................................................................................ 3
HOUSTON
16001 Park Ten Place Houston, Texas 77084 (713) 215-8000 (713) 215-8506 Fax www.mustangeng.com
Crop to 8.375x10.875
Employing Best Practices In Offshore Automation........ 6 Solutions Outside of the Box................................................11 Total Project Delivery..............................................................14
ALABAMA
One Metroplex Drive, Suite 100 Birmingham, Alabama 35209 (205) 970-4977 (205) 970-4928 Fax
6
Valhall Largest topsides built in the Netherlands OPTIEX Worlds first re-deployable floating facility
CALIFORNIA
2830 Howe Road, Suite A Martinez, California 94553 (925) 231-4151 (925) 229-8220 Fax
4550 New Linden Hill Road, Suite 400 Wilmington, Delaware 19808 The integration of Mustang and Alliance (302) 993-2600 (302) 993-2699 Fax Engineering under the Wood Group Mustang
brand has taken two leaders in topsides
Two Leaders are Now The Leader in................................. 16 Topsides Design Unequalled Topsides Experience........................................17
2011
2010
Jack St. Malo First ultra-deepwater development in the Lower Tertiary Trend
Getting You What You Need,...............................................18 When and Where You Need It. Experience is in Mustangs DNA......................................... 20 Advertiser Index........................................................................ 26 Project Profile: Lightweight Topsides Design............... 27 Produces Efficient, Lower Cost Facilities for Perdido You Cant Go Wrong................................................................29 Need to Enhance Your Oil & Gas Recovery?...................32
2009
Shenzi Worlds largest MOSES TLP; Worlds largest oil capacity single lift topsides Titan Lightest topsides built on a floating structure
2008
17
Independence Hub Worlds deepest semi-submersible Worlds deepest production platform
The two companies provided the industry MM_Profile_Topsides_MM_LNG 3/6/12 8:17 PM Page have 1 with a broad rsum of industry records for First, Deepest, Largest, and Lightest on deepwater projects around the globe.
12600 Deerfield Parkway, Suite 315 Alpharetta, Georgia 30004 (770) 945-0200 (770) 945-0932 Fax
2007
over 1.5 million BPD oil. In addition, Wood Group 30 Patewood Drive, Suite 200 Mustang has been responsible for the only Compliant-Piled Tower structures installed outside Greenville, South Carolina 29615 of the Gulf of Mexico. (864) 288-3009 (864) 404-2388 Fax
In the past decade alone, Wood Group Mustang has designed more than 500,000 metric tonnes of
Magnolia Worlds deepest TLP
2006
Benguela-Belize and Tombua-Landana First Compliant Piled Towers outside the Gulf of Mexico
Automation Design Basis (A utomation projects for offshore production 15th floor, Dhafir Tower, Lightweight topsides design FPSO Topsides Design-Best Practices. ...............................34 Najdah Street at Electra Street & System Block Diagrams facilities are becoming more challenging. produces efficient, lower Abu Dhabi, UAE The Automation Design Basis (ADB) and Syste Tight schedules, new standards and technologies, cost facilities for 650-8006 Perdido Fax +971 (0)2 650-4449 +971 (0)2 Working in the Shale?. . ............................................................39 are cornerstone documents that guide the devel a high degree of system integration and Alliance Engineering, a part of Wood Group Mustang, has expertise and mooring loads, provided a faster overall project schedule, and Angola subsequent deliverables. Troubled automation p customization and complex execution in successfully developing topsides for major offshore fields in a improved overall project economics. Wood Group Kianda Lda. variety of project types, including floating production, storage and Using Experience to Integrate Total EPCM Delivery....40 experience frequent changes and significant de environments common. Integrating Best Practices Rua Rainha No. 87, 11th andar and fixed are offloading (FPSO) Ginga, units; deepwater floating platforms; In all partnership with Shell, Alliance demonstrated ingenuity and into a structures. Alliance Endiama-De has built an established and well-earned flexibility by engineering a fit-for-purpose topsides design. In the Edificio Beers begin with a missing, inconsistent or inadequat project is a proven approach for improving project outcomes. This reputation for designing and implementing lightweight, single-lift design process, Alliance investigated and implemented many soluWe are Carrying on The Scouting Tradition....................43 Luanda, Angola Visit Group Mustang deepwater topsides. Alliance is Wood associated with numerous world tions to reduce lift and operating weights. The design, equipment ADB begins with a full listing of the regulatory is especially true forand the Front End Engineering Design (FEED) records and industry firsts, 444 including deepest tension-leg layout human factors engineering relied heavily on sophisti+244 222 876 the at OTC Booth 4505 platform (TLP), deepest spar, deepest semi-submersible platform, cated 3D modeling techniques and input from experienced Client and industry 44 standards. Pr of the project, a period when relatively low cost activities phase deepest dry tree unit, first dry tree mini-TLP, and first mini TLP. operations personnel. Alliance challenged equipment suppliers LNG to - Experience the Thereconciled Difference....................................... KUALA LUMPUR reduce the size and weight of their equipment. Combined with System (PAS) subsystems and major componen can significant and positive results. Suggested FEED best The ICON, Tun Razak, This reputation and its Jalan successful design of BPs create fast-track Horn Shells innovative solutions to reduce the riser load on the spar, this Mountain topsides production facility Wing, were reasons why Shell approach resulted in significant weight reduction and a significant W-07-01, Level 7, West 3rd party to systems, basic architecture practice examples are presented and their importance discussed. chose Alliance to provide front-end engineering and design and savings in time and cost. The facility accommodates production Add the Best Professionals Your Team. ...................... 46 and key te 50400 Kuala Lumpur, detailed design of the topsides for its Malaysia Perdido platform, the worlds from five subsea direct vertical access separation caissons. described. Basic requirements include control c When You Need Them deepest drilling and production spar facility. Alliance also provided 603 230 22800 Sophisticated Instrumentation and Control conceptual design services, fabrication and installation support, monitoring and control functions, alarm manage Standards and Alliance worked very closely with the main automation contractor and commissioning support for the unique topsides. to design and implement a world class facility control system for LONDON operator display types and the operating philoso Regulatory Requirements Reducing Weight at Every Opportunity Perdido. Every facet of the facilitys processes, including topsides, St Andrews House, West Street The topsides design techniques were key enablers to permit Shell hull, and subsea, can be managed from Perdidos central control complex package equipment, e.g., compressors Early in the project the applicable regulations and standards (Client Woking, Surrey, GU21 6EB, the U.K. to advance the Perdido project. Designing deck for single-lift room. The process control portion of Perdidos facility control installation avoided steel weight and resulted in system is based on Yokogawas Centum CS 3000 distributed 44 (0)redundant 1483 717700 Control Room (CCR). Basic hardware, power a and industry) reviewed and confirmed. When improved deck space utilization, lower installation cost, more are control system (DCS). For safety shutdown anddesigning emergency a facility complete pre-commissioning, and faster offshore hook-up and support, Yokogawas ProSafe RS for safety integrated systems was requirements are defined. System wide topics s conditions, local design in a new operating region, the environmental MUMBAI commissioning. The lightweight topsides reduced hull displacement used. The ProSafe RS is a T V SIL-3 rated safety system. The Centum CS 3000 DCS and ProSafe RS safety system communicate Tower C, Rolta Technology Park Alliance Engineering has executed pre-FEED, FEED, and maintainab availability, reliability, performance, practices and regulatory requirements differ from the Client seamlessly, allowing safe integrationmay of the controls and shutdown Street No.22, MIDC systems for the facility. Detailed Design for 18 world-class FPSOs/FSOs (floating requirements are also defined. Lessons learned standards and practices. Both should be reviewed and revised Marol, Andhere (East) Project Success production, storage and offloading) projects, including Mumbai, India 400 093 as needed to align The with topsides, after completion of fabrication at Differences the Kiewit yard in and documented in a dedicated section to highlight project requirements. Ingleside, Texas, was transported to the field and was installed 91 22 6672 8500 91 22 6672 8600 Fax the first FPSO approved use in the U. S. Gulf of Designfor studies are completed and the outcomes discrepancies between documents should be reconciled, and a onto the Perdido spar in March 2009. At 9,350 short tons, this lift is the heaviest ever made in the Gulf of Mexico. The Perdido Mexico. The cover photo is the Jubilee Field FPSO, Saudi Arabia conflict-free set topsides the document. of project standards was designed with a liftdeveloped. weight that matched the lifting
2004
PROJECT
ABU DHABI
PROFILE
2005
Marco Polo Worlds deepest TLP (at installation) Zafiro First FPSO off Equatorial Guinea
27
2003
2002
Diana Set world records for depth, heavy lift, horizontal drilling and control system design
2001
34
Crop to 8.37
5x10.875
2012 Spring
People
..Proj Oriented.
ect Driven
Mustang Al-Hejailan DAR PI Al-Butain Tower (Across from Mercure Hotel) Prince Turki Bin Abdul Aziz Street Corniche Eastern Province Al Khobar 31952, Saudi Arabia 966 3 869 7100 966 3 869 7200 Fax
capacity of Heeremas Thialf installation vessel. Perdido reached first oil during the first quarter of 2010. At a water depth of 7,817 feet in the Alaminos Canyon offshore Texas, it is the worlds Issue... - Best Practices n de This Insiproduction deepest drilling and spar and another s Desig Project represents on Topside Perdido Automati FPSO le - Shell es in Offshore h 4505 ct Profi innovative and successful for acticAlliance. at OTC Boot Pr Proje project st us g Be
yin Emplo Visit
operating offshore Ghana. Alliance provided the Detailed Design for the topsides on this 1.6 million bbl storage capacity vessel.
This project profile first appeared in Pennwell Publishing Companys Perdido supplement.
Some valve actuators fit well enough in your tight piping runs.
The Emerson logo is a trademark and service mark of Emerson Electric Co. 2012 Emerson Electric Co.
utomation projects for offshore production facilities are becoming more challenging. Tight schedules, new standards and technologies, a high degree of system integration and customization and complex execution environments are all common. Integrating Best Practices into a project is a proven approach for improving project outcomes. This is especially true for the Front End Engineering Design (FEED) phase of the project, a period when relatively low cost activities can create significant and positive results. Suggested FEED best practice examples are presented and their importance discussed.
P&IDs identify most of the PAS I/O information needed to size the PAS system. Because of their high I/O contribution, P&ID typicals should be developed for common control valve, MCC and VFD types that indicate PAS interface details and tagging conventions. PAS-connected fire and gas detectors, manual ESD stations and typical connections to packaged equipment, e.g., trip and Conceptual schedule for a nine-month FEED for an offshore automation project. trouble alarm status, are also considered when The PAS Block Diagrams should provide an accurate overview of developing the PAS I/O counts. Presentation standards for alarms, the PAS architecture, major subsystems and equipment locations. complex controls, safety system functions and PAS interfaces to Control consoles, engineering workstations, and PAS interfaces 3rd party and packaged systems are also agreed. to packaged equipment, electrical systems, Fire and Gas Systems (FGS), the facility IT network and to a remote control location are Instrument Index and Tagging A comprehensive guide covering instrument tagging, naming, shown. Block Diagrams should also be provided for CCTV, power character restrictions on tags and descriptors (inherent to some PAS) management, instrument asset management and machine condition monitoring systems to clarify major equipment components, and standard abbreviations should be developed. For computer architecture, location and scope of supply boundaries. The ADB aided design tools like Intergraphs SmartPlant Instrumentation and System Block Diagrams should provide a well thought out (SPI), a project standard implementation guide, supporting standards, and consistent design concept that is fully aligned with the Basis and SPI wiring module templates tailored to the selected PAS are of Design (BOD) and the Automation Philosophy documents. essential. Custom SPI fields used to auto-configure PAS I/O should be identified and implemented. The tagging guide and the Remote Operations Design Basis SPI documents are issued to Vendors and contractors with a A Remote Operations Design Basis (RODB) is an important tool contractual obligation to follow these documents. Both contribute for defining project requirements for monitoring and controlling to achieving tagging and wiring consistencies across the facility. an offshore facility from a remote location. This document should The SPI standards insure the databases from different contractors define the functional capabilities required at each location and the can be merged into a single facility database at project completion. supporting infrastructure needed to support each The Safety Requirements Specification (SRS) required by IEC 61511 and capability. Supporting infrastructure may include ANSI/ISA 84.00 is a special case because of its increased complexity and affect alternate power systems, modified building on other disciplines and organizations. HVAC systems, additional fuel and chemical storage, and telecommunications systems that provide the necessary network security, bandwidth and reliability. Additional regulatory restrictions apply when operating in US waters. (1)
ID 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
TASK NAME JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEPT Initial activities Standards & regulations review Automation design basis System block diagrams Remote operations design basis Interdisciplinary coordination Analysis and assessments Specifications & guidelines Ancillary system block diagrams Execution plans & contract documents Estimate basis & cost estimate
Given the wide variance among contractors, the SRS content and detail should be agreed before work commences. (2) Preliminary SIL calculations on common Safety Instrumented Function (SIF) configuration types are recommended to assure that FEED designs can meet SIL targets.
Constructibility
Minimizing PAS cables that cross module construction splits can reduce the offshore installation time and cost. By thoughtful selection of where PAS equipment is located, the cross-module interconnects are limited to fiber optic and network cables. A modular design enables the PAS to be commissioned in sections as construction progresses. UPS power-up is often delayed in fabrication yards. The quality of yard and temporary offshore power is often poor and can cause PAS damage and early aging. Providing critical PAS equipment with a secondary power feed from a distribution panel sourced from the emergency bus and isolation transformers may be a prudent design. This design may also apply if the equipment is required to operate when the primary generators are offline or not available; the secondary source power is supplied from a temporary or Hurricane generator.
Package Equipment
A decision should be made early in FEED on which equipment packages are provided with embedded Packaged Equipment Control Systems (PECS). If a PECS is specified, the PAS interface design may include a few hardwired signals supplied for critical alarms, control and safety functions, and a serial or network connection to manage the increased data exchange required to support remote monitoring and control. The remote capability tends to drive the complexity of the PAS interface design. A software specification should be provided that defines the facility-standard handshake protocol to detect interface failure and verify that network exchanged control commands are received and implemented. It also specifies the requirements for data exchange bit packing, use of floating and integer type points and scaling, local/remote control transfer switching and data needed to mimic the PECS HMI displays within the PAS. PECS design and equipment selection can be affected if the package contains SIF components. Early identification of SIF requirements can prevent costly and late design changes. Industry and Client network security standards can place additional restrictions on the permitted PECS equipment and design and must be clearly defined. (3) Critical packages may require redundant power feeds and on-skid power supplies. PECS interfaces to external instrument asset management, predicative machine monitoring and fire alarm systems are common. Package equipment vendors may have limited experience in some or all of these areas. Successful implementation requires clear and explicit requirements in procurement documents and specifications.
Cost Estimate
The scope of the Class 3 cost estimate and the methods used to develop the estimate is defined and agreed. Providing an Estimate Basis document can be a useful approach. This document, issued early for Client review, lists the estimate assumptions and provides a narrative on how equipment and services costs are acquired or developed. The estimate process often has many sequential tasks of varying length and takes several months to complete. The work should be detailed and scheduled early to insure a timely completion.
References:
1. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement, Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition Systems (NTL No. 2009-G24) 2. Tom Shephard and David Hansen, IEC 61511 Implementation The Execution Challenge (Control Magazine, May 2010) 3. Andrew Ginter and Walt Sikora, Cybersecurity for Chemical Engineers (Chemical Engineering June 2011) 4. Tom Shephard, How to Develop a Project Execution Plan (Control Engineering Magazine, December 2009) This article is excerpted from an article appearing in Offshore Magazine, November 2011, authored by Mustangs automation project manager Tom Shephard, CAP, PMP. For further information, please contact him at thomas.shephard@mustangeng.com.
10
Automation
Power Distribution
Instrumentation
Process Filtration
Rupture Discs
12
www.awc-best.com
Process Instrumentation
Property: Under Roof: Fabrication Shop: Lifting Capacity: Hook Height: Water Access: Water Depth at Slip:
32 Acres 188,000 sq. ft. (4) Four bays 100 x 400 ea. (8) Eight 50T Bridge Cranes 95 ft. under hook (2) Two barge slips 12-15 ft.
Spitzer is a custom fabricator and packager of equipment and systems specializing in:
Subsea Structures Engineered Process and Production Skid Packages ASME VIII, Div. 1 and Div. 2 Pressure Vessels [U, U2 & R Stamps] Specialty Structural Weldments Project Management Engineering Design / Drafting Quality Control Procurement
w w w. d x p e . c o m
Backed by more than a centurys worth of experience, DXP provides a single source for engineering, technical design and fabrication of pump packages. From pump selection to installation and all processes in between, DXPs engineering staff provides the in-depth technical expertise that has earned us our reputation as a world-class pump company.
13
processplants@mustangeng.com
www.mustangeng.com
14
Getting rough?
You can trust that LEWA will be there with you 24 hours a day, 365 days a year with its network of well-experienced engineers, worldwide service and repair facilities. Packaged systems for chemical & methanol injection Closed Drain Pump Packages LNG and gas treatment (gas odourization) Full engineering support from FEED to start-up phase International project management Worldwide service
LEWA, Inc. 132 Hopping Brook Road Holliston, MA 01746, USA Phone +1 508 429 - 7403 sales@lewa-inc.com
Gulf Coast Sales & Service Center 3433 N. Sam Houston Parkway West, Suite 400 Houston, TX 77086, USA Phone +1 713 577 - 5392 sales@lewa-inc.com www.lewa-inc.com
15
Providing the technical expertise for a successful project... any concept, any size, any water depth.
16
2011
2010
Jack St. Malo First ultra-deepwater development in the Lower Tertiary Trend
2009
Shenzi Worlds largest MOSES TLP; Worlds largest oil capacity single lift topsides Titan Lightest topsides built on a floating structure
2008
2007
2006
Benguela-Belize and Tombua-Landana First Compliant Piled Towers outside the Gulf of Mexico
2005
Marco Polo Worlds deepest TLP (at installation) Zafiro First FPSO off Equatorial Guinea
2004
2003
2002
MICA Pompano Worlds longest deepwater oil tieback pipeline Diana Set world records for depth, heavy lift, horizontal drilling and control system design
2001
17
Getting You What You Need, When and Where You Need It.
Mustangs Procurement professionals have the global expertise to obtain and deliver the right materials and equipment wherever needed, within budget and on schedule. Our vast experience, supported by PACESETTER, Mustangs proprietary web-based project delivery system, providing access 24/7 to cutting-edge material control and tracking for your project, enables us to provide you with up-to-date equipment, materials and subcontract information. We offer the complete package of procurement and subcontracting services, or just the portion you need, for your project no matter the size, no matter the location. Our mission is to be your first choice in Procurement Services around the world.
www.mustangeng.com
18
As your complete premium steel resource, Edgen Murray ensures your steel supply requirements and schedules are met with exacting precisiondelivered on time from the best possible sources. We work with world-class mills and manufacturers to manage your supply chain solutions. We leverage our experience on your behalf to solve problems and meet the steel supply demands of challenging, large-scale infrastructure initiatives anywhere in the world. Plate / Structural / Pipe / Fittings / Valves
edgenmurray.com
19
www.mustangeng.com
20
Standard Integrally Geared Process Gas Compressors Non-API & API-617 Compliant
Leistritz began the manufacture of screw pumps more than 80 years ago, and the first product was a unique 2-rotor, design screw pump for fuel oil service. Since then, the screw family has expanded to 3-rotor, 5-rotor, and 2-rotor liquid as well as multiphase pumps. Leistritz engineered approach means standard products are molded to the demands of the Chemical Processing, Marine, Oil and Gas, Refining, Power Generation and Machine Tool Market.
Multiphase Pumping Systems From well to refinery, you can count on seepex. seepex multiphase pumps with equal wall design offer superior performance and wet gas compression with efficient heat removal. The seepex team of multiphase experts are available to help customers select optimum pump systems for a variety of flow regimes and well conditions. Make seepex your multiphase pump solution. Milton Roy is the worlds largest manufacturer of controlled volume (metering) pumps. Our comprehensive line of water treatment and chemical metering pumps sets the industry standard for performance, accuracy and durability. Today more than 500,000 Milton Roy pumps are currently in service worldwide ranging from water to high viscosity polymers, corrosive or abrasive chemicals, toxic substances, and other difficult pumping media. Metering pumps are available in single and double diaphragm designs, with a wide range of liquid end choices.
IPSMR
TM
Delivering Concept to Reality process driven system solutions for mid-scale LNG.
Chart Energy & Chemicals has applied its knowledge and experience of cryogenic liquefaction technology to develop the Integrated Pre-Cooled Single Mixed Refrigerant (IPSMR) process to provide improvements in operating efficiency and power savings, thereby lowering the cost per ton of LNG produced. Contact Chart Energy and Chemicals today to learn how IPSMR can optimize your natural gas monetization needs.
chart-ec.com 1-281-296-4027
22
23
Contact
24
Multiple MEOH, LDHI and Service Chemical Pumps 0.20 10.60 GPM @ 9,000 PSIG 36 PLC / PID Loop Controlled Injection Points Watchdog Chemical Management System
25
Advertisers Index:
AGI Industries.................................................................................41 AVEVA...................................................................inside back cover AWC...............................................................................................12 Beta International............................................................................41 Bran+Luebbe..................................................................................23 Cameron.............................................................................back cover Chart Energy....................................................................................22 Cruver, Robbins & Fu, LLP............................................................44 Deep South Crane & Rigging..........................................................26 Dresser Rand...................................................................................10 Dynamic Industries, Inc..........................................inside front cover DXP................................................................................................13 Edgen Murray..................................................................................19 Emerson..........................................................................................5 Enerflex ..........................................................................................33 Freeport Welding & Fabricating, Inc...............................................10 GBA-Corona, Inc............................................................................45 GEA Rainey Corporation.................................................................45 General Welding Works, Inc..........................................................28 Gulf Coast Alloy Welding..............................................................44 Hoerbiger........................................................................................38 LEWA, Inc......................................................................................15 Mammoet........................................................................................31 New Industries.................................................................................30 Oil States Industries, Inc.................................................................28 Oliver Equipment Company............................................................21 Performance Contractors, Inc.........................................................42 Powell Industries...............................................................................4 SoTec..............................................................................................41 Spitzer.............................................................................................13 W-Industries..............................................................................24-25
Wood Group Mustang Magazine is published by: Custom Publishing Design Group, Inc. www.MyCompanyMagazine.com Advertising: Robert Smith 1-800-246-1637
EquipmEnt REntals | HEavy Haul tRanspoRtation | HEavy lifting majoR pRojEcts | tuRn-KEy solutions | 8t to 2500t mobilE cRanEs
Deep South Crane & rigging continues to show its commitment to providing the best tools with the addition of its newest crane, the terex CC-6800. This 1400t crawler crane has the
versatility, mobility, and lifting capacity necessary to perform long and high lifts due to its very strong luffing jib (not pictured here). The CC-6800 will serve a multitude of needs including power generation, petrochemical, heavy industrial, and large civil projects.
26
PROJECT
PROFILE
Lightweight topsides design produces efficient, lower cost facilities for Perdido
Alliance Engineering, a part of Wood Group Mustang, has expertise in successfully developing topsides for major offshore fields in a variety of project types, including floating production, storage and offloading (FPSO) units; deepwater floating platforms; and fixed structures. Alliance has built an established and well-earned reputation for designing and implementing lightweight, single-lift deepwater topsides. Alliance is associated with numerous world records and industry firsts, including the deepest tension-leg platform (TLP), deepest spar, deepest semi-submersible platform, deepest dry tree unit, first dry tree mini-TLP, and first mini TLP. This reputation and its successful design of BPs fast-track Horn Mountain topsides production facility were reasons why Shell chose Alliance to provide front-end engineering and design and detailed design of the topsides for its Perdido platform, the worlds deepest drilling and production spar facility. Alliance also provided conceptual design services, fabrication and installation support, and commissioning support for the unique topsides. The topsides design techniques were key enablers to permit Shell to advance the Perdido project. Designing the deck for single-lift installation avoided redundant steel weight and resulted in improved deck space utilization, lower installation cost, more complete pre-commissioning, and faster offshore hook-up and commissioning. The lightweight topsides reduced hull displacement and mooring loads, provided a faster overall project schedule, and improved overall project economics. In partnership with Shell, Alliance demonstrated ingenuity and flexibility by engineering a fit-for-purpose topsides design. In the design process, Alliance investigated and implemented many solutions to reduce lift and operating weights. The design, equipment layout and human factors engineering relied heavily on sophisticated 3D modeling techniques and input from experienced operations personnel. Alliance challenged equipment suppliers to reduce the size and weight of their equipment. Combined with Shells innovative solutions to reduce the riser load on the spar, this approach resulted in significant weight reduction and a significant savings in time and cost. The facility accommodates production from five subsea direct vertical access separation caissons. Alliance worked very closely with the main automation contractor to design and implement a world class facility control system for Perdido. Every facet of the facilitys processes, including topsides, hull, and subsea, can be managed from Perdidos central control room. The process control portion of Perdidos facility control system is based on Yokogawas Centum CS 3000 distributed control system (DCS). For safety shutdown and emergency support, Yokogawas ProSafe RS for safety integrated systems was used. The ProSafe RS is a TV SIL-3 rated safety system. The Centum CS 3000 DCS and ProSafe RS safety system communicate seamlessly, allowing safe integration of the controls and shutdown systems for the facility. The topsides, after completion of fabrication at the Kiewit yard in Ingleside, Texas, was transported to the field and was installed onto the Perdido spar in March 2009. At 9,350 short tons, this lift is the heaviest ever made in the Gulf of Mexico. The Perdido topsides was designed with a lift weight that matched the lifting capacity of Heeremas Thialf installation vessel. Perdido reached first oil during the first quarter of 2010. At a water depth of 7,817 feet in the Alaminos Canyon offshore Texas, it is the worlds deepest drilling and production spar and represents another innovative and successful project for Alliance.
This project profile first appeared in Pennwell Publishing Companys Perdido supplement.
Project Success
27
PRESSURE VESSELS
Leading Pressure Vessel Manufacturer Since 1944
Vessels up to 25 diameter, 300 long Heavy-wall specialists ASME Section VIIIDivision 1 & 2, Section I NBIC R stamp Heat treating, coatings done on premises Leading Pressure Vessel Manufacturer Since Easy access to the Houston Ship Channel Vessels up to 25 diameter, 300 long
1944
Heavy-wall specialists ASME Section VIIIDivision 1 & 2, Section I NBIC R stamp Shop Location: Heat treating, coatings done on premises 13609 Industrial Rd., Gate Easy access to the Houston Ship Channel
5, Houston, TX
28
Helping make your project successful with complete right-of-way, field services and engineering.
www.mustangeng.com
29
30
31
Email: upstreamsales@mustangeng.com
www.mustangeng.com
32
THE SHORTEST DISTANCE FROM WELLHEAD TO MARKET SHOULD BE A STRAIGHT LINE. TO ENERFLEX.
We provide the flexibility of custom energy processing solutions from a single source. From wellhead to market. Compression to full-scale processing plants.
33
34
uccessful topsides design requires effective decision making in five areas: process optimization, and module, piping, electrical and structural designs. Key to success is experienced engineers and designers who understand best practices for the structural interface between hull and topsides modules and for optimized equipment location, safety, maintenance and operability. FPSO topsides projects developed by utilizing best practices benefit from the application of systematic detail design based on experience and proven results. The result is improved quality and consistency. Cost and schedule are reduced through efficient engineering and design that minimizes equipment and simplifies fabrication, installation and commissioning.
process and utility systems, with allowance for operability, maintenance and, above all, safety. Vessel topsides orientation should be determined early as it affects the configuration of all topsides elements. The FPSO discussed in this example is a spread moored vessel. Other vessel mooring types will have different requirements for topsides orientation. In this case the flare is placed downwind of the prevailing wind direction and as far away as possible from the accommodations. Helicopter approaches should be at quartering angle in the direction of predominant wind and above the accommodations. The approach angle must take into account obstructions from the flare, vertical equipment above the module structure, the destabilizing affects of exhaust gasses from turbinepowered equipment and visual aids for helicopter touchdown. Metocean data and dropped-object risk factors were considered in determining supply boat approach to allow for primary and optional offloading scenarios. An offloading buoy is the primary means of delivering cargo and the supply boat approach should always be up-current so the boat will drift away from the FPSO if it loses power. Laydown areas should be adjacent to the supply boat access to allow for ease of loading and offloading supplies and equipment. Riser locations should be on the opposite side from the supply boat access to reduce risk from dropped objects during transfers between vessels.
Process optimization
Optimizing the process before beginning detail design is a critical component of best practice and delivers measureable benefits to operators. An FPSO was designed to accommodate oil production of 100,000 bpd, associated gas production of 250 mmscfd, produced water of 100,000 bpd, and water injection of 275,000 bpd at 5,000 psig surface pressure. The process optimization goals were to meet HSE requirements, export maximum oil quantities, reduce capital expenditures, minimize deck space and operating weight, minimize process complexity, maximize reliability, minimize operating cost and maximize net present value. The process optimization resulted in the utilization of an oil stabilization process that maximized oil recovery and operated at higher pressures to minimize compression. The resulting facility consisted of 10 modules and reduced topsides weight by 7,000 short tons compared to conventional stage separation, providing an approximate savings of $300 million.
Layout
Best practices help define the location of living quarters, safe access/egress, flare, hazardous and non-hazardous process systems, ship loading and unloading activities, and supply vessel and helicopter operations. The layout of the FPSO topsides is driven by the method of mooring, sea state factors, and placement of the modularized
The FPSO layout best practice utilizes an arrangement of process and utility modules alongside a central pipe rack. The pipe racks must be of a similar length to their adjacent modules.
35
The most hazardous modules, based on process system, should be placed farthest from the accommodations to maximize safe distances. Lowest risk modules, such as the utility modules, are placed closest to the accommodations. A twenty meter gap, or a safe zone, should be maintained among accommodations and all process and utility modules regardless of the perceived risk or classification. Laydown areas, if not used to store hydrocarbons/ chemicals for long periods of time, are the only exception. Equipment within each module should be arranged with heaviest items closest to the hull centerline and on the lower levels to reduce the effect on the FPSOs center of gravity. Towers and tall vessels should also be located in modules as near as possible to the hull centerline to reduce the affect of sea state conditions on equipment performance and support structure. Roll onboard an FPSO has the most variation from horizontal due to sea state conditions. The shaft of rotating equipment should be orientated parallel to the longitudinal axis of the FPSO hull. This mitigates the effect of the ships roll, reducing impact on rotating equipment performance and increasing reliability and uptime.
allows for later introduction of equipment, packages or modules with minimum risk to previously installed topsides components. The floor of the pipe rack should be at the same elevation as the lower deck level common to all modules to provide primary maintenance access. FPSO module sizes are also restricted by the fabricators lift capacity. Module support designs allow for the behavior of the hull and topsides. Increased hull modules and complex flexibility issues require the link between the topsides and hull to be broken. Modules designed to be on a sliding stool system are able to move and reduce stress to the hull. Although two or three longitudinal frames usually are utilized, typically only one stool support per module longitudinal frame is pinned to the hull; the other stools are sliders. The pin stool allows for free rotation but restricts translation in up to three directions. The sliding stools prevent movement only in the vertical downward direction, although some are designed to limit translation in the hull transverse direction as well. This minimizes the effects of hull hogging and sagging on both the module and the hull while keeping the module secured to the hull. All structural interfaces with the topsides modules or riser porches are designed to be directly over a hull Figure 3 illustrates the pin stool best practice. bulkhead or frame. The design of FPSO modules includes many load cases resulting in braced structures and less access to equipment. Sea state conditions greatly affect the design of FPSO topsides. Structures must allow for lateral bracing at every change in pipe rack direction regardless of its size. All long, straight-run pipe racks need to be tied back to module columns and have racking bracing in multiple locations along their length. The in-place analyses of the modules include operating and extreme environmental conditions. The modules are also designed to be transported from the shipyard to the production site and lifted from the fabrication yard or transportation barge to the ship. Spectral fatigue analyses incorporating both the in-place and transit conditions are performed.
Structural
Modular systems simplify overall shipyard construction and reduce integration cost and schedule. Modules can be independently fabricated, tested and delivered to the shipyard as complete packages ready for integration, commissioning and start-up. Generally accepted spacing between modules is one meter clearance; this can be reduced to six hundred millimeters between module/rack. Modules should be designed with a three meter gap from edge of hull to outermost edge of module, excluding stairs, to allow overhead access to the ships main deck and to provide a perimeter egress zone. FPSO modules are designed along a standard general ratio of the ships length divided by 10. This means for modular sections the length between outer module supports is a maximum of one tenth of the length of the hull being used. Arranging the pipe rack along the longitudinal centerline allows process and utility equipment to be arranged on either side. This
36
A free zone is established between hull, marine and topsides systems. All systems should be excluded from this zone unless recognized to be part of the integration or hook-up. A minimum of a three-meter air gap is used between the hull deck centerline and the underside of the modules. This gap is kept as small as possible to maintain the lowest possible center of gravity on the FPSO hull. Top of module support stool is the battery limit between the topsides and marine structures.
Piping
Key to success for piping design is controlling interconnect piping between module/pipe rack and module/hull. Dedicated areas should be defined as having the least amount of differential movement. Interconnect piping on modules with sliding supports should be located in the module corner closest to the pinned-end support. The piping should be designed to have a fixed point in the module before crossing to the pipe rack or module-to-hull gaps to reduce dynamic stresses in equipment nozzles. Sufficient horizontal and vertical offset should be present to obtain greater pipe flexibility. Piping should not cross the module-to-module gaps but should be routed via the pipe rack to reduce vessel-induced stress.
Electrical
FPSO electrical systems should be designed to utilize more than one electrical building. Having a main electrical building aft and an auxiliary electrical building forward reduces the need to route a large number of trays throughout the vessel from one location. The addition of an auxiliary electrical building distributes the cable tray runs more evenly over the pipe rack, allowing for more efficient use of space, smaller electrical buildings and lower module weights. Power generators, main transformers, main electrical building and large motors such as water injection pumps must be located in close proximity to reduce the amount of medium- and high-voltage cabling. These loads should also be as close as practical to the main generation station to reduce voltage drop due to cable resistance/reactance. Medium- and low-voltage switchgear and medium-voltage motor control center should be routed longitudinally due to height-to-depth ratio. Low-voltage motor control centers should be routed laterally, again because of the height-to-depth ratio.
Conclusion
Best practices for FPSO topsides design begins with optimizing the process, followed by equipment selection and layout according to established guidelines for safety and operability. The piping, structural and electrical designs all should follow established best practices guidelines. Following these best practices will increase the safety and operability of the topsides design while reducing costs.
This article was authored by Alliance Engineerings Norb Roobaert, PE; Juan Campo, PE; Howard Newman; and Alan Phillips, PE. It originally appeared in the January 2012 issue of Offshore Engineer. For additional information, go to www.alliance-engineering.com.
37
designs in compressor valves, piston ring/rider band materials and compression systems. Revak integrates these technologies into each compressor package that we build. We excel at highly specified custom compressor packages. Our vast compression resources are applied to deliver compression solutions that meet your specifications.
38
If you are in the shale, it is time to talk to Mustang. Contact Dany Jew and David Carpenter (pipeline, associated facilities design and field services) or Simon Wooler (facilities design)
www.mustangeng.com
39
Safety & Environmental Project Controls Site Planning Quality Assurance Construction Engineering
www.mustangeng.com
40
Valves: Ball, Butterfly, Check, DBB, Gate, Globe, Needle, Plug, Relief
Actuators Pipe Fittings Flanges Specialty Items Closures Instrumentation Flow Measurement Strainers Hose Tools Pumps & Compressor Parts
HOUSTON OFFICE 8203 Willow Place South, Ste 330 Houston, Texas 77070 713-463-7660 713-463-7023 Fax CORPORATE OFFICE Lafayette, LA 337-233-0626 337-233-0828 Fax www.agiindustries.com
New Orleans, LA 504.340.6905 504.348.2593 Fax Lake Charles, LA 337.626.PUMP (7867) 337.626.0668 Fax Baton Rouge, LA 225.236.3028 225.756.3135 Fax Shreveport, LA 318.747.9239 318.747.9296 Fax
Worldwide Leader In Fire Protection for the Offshore, Marine and Industrial Markets
Providing Design, Fabrication, Installation and Service of Fire Suppression, Fire Detection and Gas Detection Systems and Equipment
Offices: New Orleans - 504-733-3337 Houston - 713-964-2764 Lafayette - 337-893-8881 Jacksonville - 904-241-0307 www.sotecfire.com Toll Free: 1-800-707-1010
41
CIVIL PIPE FABRICATION HIGH ALLOY WELDING STRUCTURAL STEEL ERECTION PIPING ERECTION AND RIGGING EQUIPMENT ASSEMBLY AND ERECTION MODULAR UNIT FABRICATION AND ASSEMBLY BOILER AND FURNACE ERECTION AND REPAIRS PRESSURE VESSEL FABRICATION AND REPAIRS DISMANTLING AND PLANT RELOCATION
Performance driven
SUPPLEMENTAL SERVICE CONTRACTS FULL-SERVICE MAINTENANCE EMERGENCY SHUTDOWNS E/P/C CONTRACTS TURNAROUNDS
VISIT
Since 1979, Performance Contractors has extended a multitude of construction, turnaround and maintenance services to the chemical, petrochemical, pulp and paper, fertilizer, refinery, power, automotive and steel industries.
LOUISIANA
9901 Pecue Lane Baton Rouge, LA 70810 (225) 751-4156 261 Hood Road Sulphur, LA 70665 (337) 558-7440
27002 Hwy. 288 Rosharon, TX 77583 (832) 241-4400 808A Memorial Freeway, Suite 106A Nederland, TX 77627 (409) 724-1160
42
ALABAMA
TEXAS
43
Leaders in the
Preparation and negotiation of domestic and international EPC contracts Prosecution, prevention and management of E&C claims Purchase and sale of E&C businesses Compliance with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
www.mustangeng.com
G u l f C oast A llo y W e ld i n g
www.GCAW.com
GCAWs strength lies in our ability to handle all RFQs promptly and accurately. Our engineering and design services utilize the most current design programs with capabilities to electronically transfer engineering documents world wide. For a brochure and/or additional information, please call us at 1-281-821-0543 or email us at sales@gcaw.com.
44
GBA-Corona, Inc.
Houston London Milan
Air Cooled Heat Exchangers for the Process and Power Industries
GEA Rainey Corporation, located outside Tulsa, Oklahoma, designs, fabricates and services air cooled heat exchangers for the chemical, petrochemical, refinery, gas processing, gas transmission and power generation industries. GEA Rainey Corporation is organized within GEAs Heat Exchanger Segment, the heat exchanger market world leader, and benefits from the latest engineering and manufacturing technologies as well as the strong financial stability of a globally diversified organization. The result is an unmatched level of knowledge and capability for your local and global projects. Utilizing access to our global manufacturing facilities provides additional flexibility for regional material and code compliance as well as local delivery. Please contact us today for all your air cooled heat exchanger needs.
45
Add the Best Professionals to Your Team When You Need Them.
Mustangs Professional Services Group can provide you with experienced on-site engineering and support services personnel when you need them. We have engineers, designers, managers, administrators, project controls, field service and other positions available to solve your fluctuating staffing demands. Just call us, and we will fill your requirements with the right people. Take advantage of these benefits: Staffing flexibility Reduced recruiting costs Immediate productivity Mustang-provided benefits package Turnaround specialists Worldwide coverage Phase-out after project completion No termination costs
Contact Lanny Ottosen to learn more about how Mustang can put professionals to work for you.
713/350-7233 lanny.ottosen@mustangeng.com
www.mustangeng.com
46
Joined up thinking
A plant is made up of a million decisions, big and small. Its a complex flow of people, resources, designs and schedules. Success requires collaboration, and a complete understanding of strategic activities and events.
With AVEVA information integrity, all project data can be exploited and shared at every stage of the assets life, joining up the details to show the big picture. The result is accurate and efficient project performance and asset operations that are always under control, reducing risk, time and cost. With a global sales and service network in more than 40 countries, AVEVA is a leader in engineering design and information management solutions for the process plant industry.
Choosing AVEVA will be one of the best decisions you ever make.
www.aveva.com
47
Return Address
Mustang Engineering 16001 Park Ten Place Houston, TX 77084
9 8 7 3 2 1