GCM 3142 STATISTICS 2013

PROBABILITY 1. a) Probability of an Event List down the sample space for the following experiments. i. A dice is rolled. ii. A coin is flipped. iii. A consonant is chosen from the letters of the word DICTIONARY. iv. An alphabet is selected at random from the letters of the word PENCIL. List down and/or state the number of possible outcomes of the following events. i. A letter is randomly selected from the word ANXIOUS. List down and state the number of outcomes of obtaining a vowel. a consonant. ii. A number is randomly selected from the whole numbers from 10 to 20. List down and state the number of outcomes of obtaining a prime number. a multiple of 4. iii. Class 3 Mawar has 22 boys and 18 girls. A student is selected randomly among them. State the number of possible outcomes of obtaining a boy. a girl. iv. A bag contains 5 blue marbles, 4 red marbles and 6 green marbles. A marble is selected randomly from the bag. State the number of outcomes of obtaining a green marble. a blue marble. A dice is rolled. Find the probability of obtaining a prime number. A bag contains 3 black beads, 5 white beads and 9 silver beads. Find the probability of obtaining a white bead if a bead is selected randomly from the bag.

b)

c) d)

e)

12 out of 40 students in a class wear spectacles. If a student is selected at random, find the probability that a student wears spectacles. There are 12 cards numbered from 10 to 21 in a bag. One card is picked randomly. Find the probability that the number on the card is an odd number.

f)

g)

A tray contains 48 eggs out of which 10 are rotten. An egg is selected at random from the eggs on the tray. Find the probability of obtaining a good egg.

GCM 3142 STATISTICS 2013

h)

A box contains 40 marbles. The colours of the marbles are yellow and blue. If a marble is drawn at random from the box, the probability that a yellow marble is 2 drawn is . Find the number of blue marbles in the box. 5 A number is chosen at random from a set of positive integers from 1 to 50 (inclusive of 1 and 50). Calculate the probability that an even number that is divisible by 5 is chosen. There are 25 red marbles and 20 blue marbles in a box. k yellow marbles are added to the box so that the probability of obtaining a blue marble from the box is 2 . Find the value of k. 5 Probability of Mutually Exclusive Events

i)

j)

2.

a)

In a tournament the probability that team A wins is team B wins is tournament.

1 and the probability that 5

2 . Find the probability that team A or team B wins in the 7

b)

The probability that Syafiq cycles to school is the bus is

3 and the probability that he takes 5

1 . Find the probability that on a particular day, he cycles or takes the 4 bus to school.
c) A letter is picked at random from the word INDEPENDENT. Find the probability of picking a vowel or the letter T. A number is selected at random from the set of numbers from 1 to 20. Find the probability that the number is exactly divisible by 10 or a prime number.

d)

e) 10 19 29 12 22 31 13 25 36 16 28 39

Twelve cards are shown in the given figure are put into a box. Taib draws a card at random from the box. Calculate the probability that he draws a prime number of a multiple of 3. 2

GCM 3142 STATISTICS 2013

f)

Whole numbers from 10 to 30 are written on twenty-one cards and they are put into a case. If a card is drawn at random from the case, calculate the probability of obtaining a prime number or an even number. Bag Q contains four cards numbered from 1 to 4. Box R contains five cards numbered from 1 to 5. A card is drawn at random from box Q and another card is drawn at random from box R. Calculate the probability that i. the two cards show the same number. ii. the sum of the numbers on the two cards is 7. iii. the two cards show the same number of the sum of the two numbers is 7. Probability of Composite Events The given table shows the number of male and female students in a class who wear glasses. If a student is chosen at random from that class, calculate the probability that a female student or a student who wears glasses is chosen. Wear glasses 5 9 Do not wear glasses 9 11

g)

3. a)

Male Female b)

Colour Red Letter X Y 4 5 8 3 Blue

The given table shows the number of the red cards and blue cards which are marked with a letter X or a letter Y. All the cards are put into a bag. If a card is drawn from the bag, calculate the probability that i. the card is marked with a letter X and is blue in colour. ii. the card is marked with a letter X or is blue in colour.

GCM 3142 STATISTICS 2013

c) Marital status Single Educational qualification Graduate Non-graduate Married

40 15

35 30

The given table shows the information on the marital status and educational qualification of the workers of a company. If a worker is chosen at random from that company, calculate the probability that i. the worker is graduate and is still single. ii. the worker is either married or a non-graduate. d) In a school, there are 40 teachers of which, 15 males and 25 are females. 5 of the male teachers and 7 of the female teachers are members of the teachers co op. If a teacher from that school is chosen at random, calculate the probability that the teacher is either a male or a member of the teachers co-op. Both box A and box B contain cards numbered from 1 to 4. A card is chosen at random from box A and another card is chosen at random from box B. Calculate the probability that the sum of the two numbers is i. an even number and more than 5. ii. an even number or more than 5. Bag X contains four balls numbered 3, 4, 5 and 6 while bag Y contains three balls numbered 4, 5 and 7. A ball is drawn at random from each bag. Calculate the probability that the numbers on both balls are different or the sum of the numbers on the two balls is not less than 10. A number is chosen at random from a set of whole numbers from 1 to 30. The events A and B are defined as follows. A: Event that the number chosen is a multiple of 5. B: Event that the number chosen is a factor of 30. Calculate each of the following probabilities. i. P(A) ii. P(B) iii. P(A B) iv. P(A B)

e)

f)

g)

GCM 3142 STATISTICS 2013

4.

Probability of Independent Events