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Accidental Loading
Accidents will happen because they are accidents. Design philosophy is to prevent an accident developing into a catastrophe. Design to:
Maintain usability of escape ways Maintain integrity of shelter areas Maintain global load bearing capacity Protection of the environment
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Design Philosophy
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* API RP 2FB recommends the use of dynamic analysis for blast loading
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Collapse allows for hinge formation at any point along member length by sub dividing the member into sub-elements (maximum of 20, default is 8) and monitor the stress level at each sub-element. Not restricted to hinge formation at member end an center this pre defines the failure mechanism
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Collapse
Beam Elements
Collapse predicts the gradual development of plastic hinge through a member cross section by: Dividing the cross-section into sub-areas and monitoring the stress levels in each sub-area. By default tubular cross sections are divided into 12 sub-areas.
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Collapse
Beam Elements
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Collapse
Beam Elements
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Collapse allows plasticity to occur gradually through the plate thickness. Sub-divide the plate thickness into sub-layers (5).
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Collapse
Plate Elements
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Collapse uses Von Mises-Hencky yield Criterion to determine the onset of plasticity.
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Collapse
Yield Criterion
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A moment free hinge is inserted at the location of a local buckling point axial capacity retained
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Collapse
Local Buckling
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Joint Flexibility Distortion of chord cross section due to forces in the brace and chord. Particularly important for old structures where joint cans were not used. Collapse has two methods implemented to predict joint flexibility.
These being: (1) Fesslers Approach (linear) (2) MSL Approach (non-linear)
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Collapse
Joint Flexibility
SACINP (Model File) DYNPAC (Modal Analysis) CLPINP (partial) Mode File Mass File DYNAMIC RESPONSE (Force-Time History Analysis) CLPINA (full) DYROCI
DYRINP
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Dynamic-Nonlinear Analysis
Ship Impact
Ship Impact
Total Impact (Kinetic) Energy: E = a m V2
m = vessel mass a = added mass coefficient (1.4 broadside and 1.1 for bow/stern ) V = vessel velocity Gulf of Mexico : m=1000 metric tons V= 0.5 m/s (operational)
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Ship Impact
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Ship Impact
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Ship Impact
To account for energy absorbed by ship deformation, use DNV ship indentation curves for 5000 ton vessel impacting a 1.5 m cylinder.
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Ship Impact
Mass
Velocity
Direction
Distance
Impact Joint
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Ship Impact
ship
structure
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Ship Impact
Collapse Results
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Ship Impact
Dropped Object Analysis Certain locations such as crane loading and drilling areas are subject to dropped objects. The platform should survive the initial impact from a dropped object and meet the post-impact criteria to survive a one year environmental load in addition to normal operating conditions. Dropped object analysis also required to determine safe lift heights for platform modification/repair to avoid production shutdown which can be costly.
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Dropped Object
E = mgh m = mass of object g = gravitational acceleration h = height from which the object is dropped
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Dropped Object
Mass
Initial velocity
Height
Impact joint
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Dropped Object
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Dropped Object
Collapse Results
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Primary objectives for blast resistant design are: Personnel safety Controlled Shutdown Financial Considerations Environmental considerations API RP 2FB specifications requires a Ductility Level Blast (DLB) design for low probability, high consequence extreme events. A DLB design requires a dynamic analysis to accounts for inertia loading and a large deflection analysis to account for geometric and material non-linear effects. A DLB design is required for temporary refuge, safe muster areas and escape routes..
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Blast Analysis
Blast analysis requires definition of Blast Wave:: Two Types of Blast Waves
Shock Wave 1. Sudden pressure rise. - Explosions from materials in liquid or solid form - Extremely energetic vapor cloud explosion
Idealized profile
Blast Analysis
Time
Load Factor
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Blast Analysis
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Blast Analysis
Parvinder Jhita Product Manager - SACS Bentley Systems Inc 2113 38th Street Kenner LA 70065 Telephone (504) 443 5481 Parvinder.Jhita@Bentley.com
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