BIO SPA SKILL 3 GUIDE

(a) Approach Include aim/objective of experiment which can usually be found in the title of the worksheet what are you trying to find out through this experiment? Include brief description of the method/procedure of experiment + key apparatus used How will you vary the independent variable? How and what will you measure (dependent variable) to achieve the aim of the experiment? (b) Key variables and/or conditions Independent variable the 1 variable that will be changed (decided and fixed by the experimenter) Dependent variable the 1 variable that will be measured (the unknown quantity that changes as a result of changing the independent variable) Variables/conditions to be kept constant factors that may affect experiment but are those that you do not want to affect the experiment state variable + how to keep it constant (c) Apparatus and materials List the containers/reaction vessels required Note that type of measuring instruments used must be appropriate to the quantity For volume, use a syringe for measurements 5cm3, use a measuring cylinder for 6-100cm3 measurements and use a beaker for 100cm3 measurements For mass, use an electronic mass balance Other measuring instruments: thermometer, ruler, stopwatch) Be very specific for the apparatus used! 100cm3 beaker/conical flask or 250cm3 beaker/conical flask? 50cm3 measuring cylinder or 100cm3 measuring cylinder? Etc. Any other equipments: Eg. Microscope, glass rod, filter funnel, means of labeling glassware, etc.) Any other materials: Eg. Plant or animal materials, chemicals or reagents etc. (d) Procedure A series of detailed step-by-step instructions Repeat experiment, if applicable/necessary, to ensure accuracy and reliability A control setup?

(e) Observations/results Include a diagram of the experimental set-up and/or a table to record the data, if applicable Diagram should be labeled and table should have appropriate headings and units State how results obtained is used to fulfill the purpose of the experiment The (aim of experiment) can be determined by (data collected from measurement of dependent variable). Quantitative or Qualitative What trend/pattern do you expect? What conclusions can be drawn from interpreting the result of each of the possible scenarios? Eg. If ________________, then _________________, thus ___________________.

Case #1 Control: Yeast suspension is boiled then cooled before use Fermentation: Glucose solution is boiled to remove dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide and layer of oil to prevent oxygen and carbon dioxide in air to dissolve in the mixture Other possible factors: nature of substrate (like glucose vs sucrose vs starch)

Title: Approach: Key variables and/or conditions:

Design an experiment to investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of respiration of yeast. Independent variable: Varying temperature Dependent variable: Amount of CO2 produced Variables/conditions to be kept constant: Amount and concentration of yeast (enzyme catalase, amount and concentration of substrate), pH Yeast suspension (distilled water + grains of dry yeast) Conical flask Water trough Stopwatch Syringe Thermometer (?) Glucose solution Water of different temperatures (15oC, 20oC, 25oC, 30oC) 1. Stir the beaker of yeast thoroughly with a glass rod and

Apparatus and materials:

Procedure:

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Observations/results:

measure 20cm3 of yeast suspension into a conical flask using a 50cm3 measuring cylinder. Half fill the water trough with water at 15oC. Measure out 5cm3 of glucose solution using a 5cm3 syringe and add into conical flask containing the yeast suspension. Stopper with delivery tube connected to a graduated gas syringe and place the conical flask into the water trough. Start the stopwatch immediately. Stop the stopwatch after 30 seconds and remove the stopper from the conical flask. Record the volume of carbon dioxide produced in a table. Empty and rinse apparatus. Repeat steps 1-8 for the using water of 15oC, 20oC, 25oC and 30oC respectively.