Problem Sets 1 MA6641 Flight Performance and Dynamics

These problems are for practice only. No submission is necessary. 1. Instruments on an aircraft measure an air temperature of 28oC and a pressure altitude of 2,500 m. What is the density altitude? (See Appendix for the Standard Atmosphere table) 2. By using the hydrostatic relation and by noting that the gravitational acceleration GM E at a geometric altitude hG can be expressed by g where GM E is (r hG ) 2 Earth gravitational constant and r is the radius of the Earth, show that the relation between the geometric and geopotential altitudes can be written as: r h hG r hG 3. A NACA 2412 airfoil with a 2 m chord and 5 m span is being tested in a wind tunnel at standard sea level conditions and a test section velocity of 42 m/s at an angle of attack of 8 degrees. How much lift, drag, and pitching moment about its aerodynamic center is the airfoil generating? 4. A wing with a rectangular planform, a NACA 2412 airfoil, a span of 5 m and a chord of 2 m is operating in standard sea level conditions at a free stream velocity of 42 m/s and an angle of attack of 8 degrees. If the wings span efficiency factor is 0.9, how much lift and drag is it generating? 5. A turbojet engine produces a thrust of 45,000 N at sea level. The inlet diameter is 1 m. If an airplane equipped with this engine is flying at standard sea level with airspeed of 300 m/s, estimate: a. the jet velocity relative to the airplane, and b. the propulsive efficiency. 6. A turbojet engine is intended to produce a thrust of 100,000 N at a takeoff speed of 70 m/s at sea level. At takeoff, the gas velocity at the exit of the engine (relative to the engine) is 550 m/s. The fuel-air ratio by mass is 0.03. Calculate the engine inlet area necessary to obtain this thrust. 7. A turboprop engine is rated at 4910 equivalent shaft horsepower at zero velocity at sea level. An airplane that uses this engine is flying at 170 m/s at sea level condition. If the jet thrust is 800 N and the propeller efficiency is 0.9, calculate the equivalent shaft horsepower at this flight condition. 8. The specific fuel consumption of a reciprocating engine is 1.910-7 lb/[(ft.lb/s)s]. When this engine is installed on an airplane which is flying at 300 ft/s with a propeller efficiency of 0.85, calculate the equivalent thrust specific fuel consumption.

APPENDIX Characteristics of the International Standard Atmosphere, SI Units Altitude, h Temperature, T Pressure, P Density, Speed of 2 3 km K N/m Sound, a m/s kg/m 0 288.16 101325 1.225 340.3 0.5 284.91 95461 1.1673 338.4 1 281.66 89876 1.1117 336.4 1.5 278.41 84560 1.0581 334.5 2 275.16 79501 1.0066 332.5 2.5 271.92 74692 0.95696 330.6 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 268.67 265.42 262.18 258.93 255.69 252.44 249.2 245.95 242.71 239.47 236.23 232.98 229.74 226.5 223.26 70121 65780 61660 57752 54048 50539 47217 44075 41105 38299 35651 33154 30800 28584 26500 0.90926 0.86341 0.81935 0.77704 0.73643 0.69747 0.66011 0.62431 0.59002 0.55719 0.52578 0.49575 0.46706 0.43966 0.41351 328.6 326.6 324.6 322.6 320.5 318.5 316.5 314.4 312.3 310.2 308.1 306 303.9 301.7 299.6