Population

Vikas Patil 2013-14

Vikas Patil 2013-14

Vikas Patil 2013-14

World population reached: 1 billion 2 billion

Year Time to add 1 billion 1804 1927 123 years

3 billion
4 billion

1960
1974

33 years
14 years

5 billion
6 billion 7 billion

1987
1999 2011

13 years
12 years 12 years

Vikas Patil 2013-14

Rank Country / Territory

Population

Date

% of world population

1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

People's Republic of China[54] India United States Indonesia Brazil Pakistan Bangladesh Nigeria Russia

1,342,010,000
1,193,330,000 311,965,000 238,400,000 194,141,000 171,688,000 164,425,000 158,259,000 141,927,297

January 28, 2011

January 28, 2011 January 28, 2011 May 2010 January 28, 2011 January 28, 2011 2010 2010 January 1, 2010

19.5%
17.3% 4.52% 3.4% 2.82% 2.49% 2.38% 2.29% 2.06%

10

Japan

127,380,000
Vikas Patil 2013-14

June 1, 2010

1.85%

LAND AREA (IN MILLION SQ KM)

India, 3.25896

POLULATION (IN MILLION)

India, 1017.24

Rest of the World, 135.79

Rest of the World, 6055

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LAND AREA (IN MILLION SQ KM)

India 2%

POLULATION (IN MILLION)

India 16%

Rest of the World 98%

Rest of the World 84%

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Population of major countries

(comparison with India) 2001 Census of India
Country
China India U.S.A Brazil Russian Federation

Canada Australia

Population in Million 1,277.6 1,028.7 281.4 170.1 146.9 30.6 18.7

% of the world population 21.1 16.8 4.6 2.8 2.4 0.5 0.3

% as compared to India as 100 124 100 27.4 16.6 14.3 2.9 1.8

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Census of Population in India

Started in 1872 Not very accurate and complete First complete and synchronous Census in 1881 Conducted every 10 years 2001 is the fourteenth census

Vikas Patil 2013-14

Spatial Distribution of Population

Vikas Patil 2013-14

Spatial Distribution of Population

Rank 1 2 3 4 5
State or union territory Uttar Pradesh Maharashtra Bihar West Bengal Andhra Pradesh

Population (2011) 19,95,81,520 11,23,72,972 10,38,04,637 9,13,47,736 8,46,65,533

%[18]

Area Km

16.49% 9.29% 8.58% 7.55% 7.00%

2,40,928 3,07,713 94,163 88,752 2,75,045

6
7 8 9 10 11 12

Madhya Pradesh
Tamil Nadu Rajasthan Karnataka Gujarat Odisha Kerala

7,25,97,565
7,21,38,958 6,86,21,012 6,11,30,704 6,03,83,628 4,19,47,358 3,33,87,677
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6.00%
5.96% 5.67% 5.05% 4.99% 3.47% 2.76%

3,08,245
1,30,058 3,42,239 1,91,791 1,96,024 1,55,707 38,863

Spatial Distribution of Population

Rank State or union territory Population (2011) 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Uttrakhand Himachal Pradesh Tripura Meghalaya Manipur Nagaland Goa 10,116,752 6,856,509 3,671,032 2,964,007 2,721,756 1,980,602 1,457,723
%[18] Area Km

0.84% 0.57% 0.30% 0.24% 0.22% 0.16% 0.12%

53,483 55,673 10,486 22,429 22,327 16,579 3,702

26
27 28

Arunachal Pradesh
Mizoram Sikkim

1,382,611
1,091,014 607,688
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0.11%
0.09% 0.05%

83,743
21,081 7,096

Spatial Distribution of Population

Rank UT1 UT2 UT3
State or union territory

Delhi

Population (2011) 16,753,235 1,244,464 1,054,686 379,944

%[18]

Area Km

1.38% 0.10% 0.09% 0.03%

11,297 479 114 8,249

Puducherry Chandigarh Andaman and Nicobar UT4 Islands UT5 Dadra and Nagar Haveli UT6 UT7 Daman and Diu Lakshadweep

342,853
242,911 64,429

0.03%
0.02% 0.01%

491
112 32

Vikas Patil 2013-14

INDEX OF CONCENTRATION
Proportion of population living in each state or union territory to the total population of India. Eg:
Uttar Pradesh is 16. 49 % of the total population Gujarat is 4.99 % of the total population

Vikas Patil 2013-14

DENSITY OF POPULATION
Better measure of understanding the variation in population distribution Expressed as no of persons per unit area 1. Arithmetic Density
Ratio of total population to the total area

2. Physiological Density
Ratio of the total population to the cultivated area

Vikas Patil 2013-14

Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Country/Region Monaco Singapore Vatican City Maldives Malta Bahrain Bangladesh

Area Population (km2) 32,719 1.95 4,620,657 707.1 824 0.44 385,375 298 404,032 316 723,967 665 157,813,124 147,570

Density (Pop per km2) 16,779 6,535 1,873 1,293 1,279 1,089 1,069

Palestinian territories 4,223,760 Nauru 13,918 Republic of China 10 22,955,395 (Taiwan) 8 9

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6,020 21
36,190

702 663
634

Vikas Patil 2013-14

Growth of population density of India

Vikas Patil 2013-14

RAPID GROWTH OF POPULATION DENSITY IN INDIA

1991 to 2001 the growth of density is 58 persons per square km USA- Density is 28 persons per km Russia- Density is 9 persons per km China- Density is 121 persons per km

Vikas Patil 2013-14

State level pattern of density

Vikas Patil 2013-14

State level pattern of density

AREAS OF EXTREMELY LOW DENSITY (100 or less)
State
Sikkim
Jammu and Kashmir Mizoram Andaman and Nicobar Islands Arunachal Pradesh

Density

86
56 52 46 17

Vikas Patil 2013-14

State level pattern of density

AREAS OF LOW DENSITY (100 to 250)
State Madhya Pradesh Density

236

Rajasthan
Chhattisgarh Uttrakhand Meghalaya Himachal Pradesh

201
189 189 132 123 122 119

Manipur
Nagaland
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State level pattern of density

AREAS OF MODERATE DENSITY (250 TO 500)
State Jharkhand Assam Goa Density

Maharashtra
Tripura

Karnataka
Andhra Pradesh

Gujarat
Orissa
Vikas Patil 2013-14

414 397 394 365 350 319 308 308 269

State level pattern of density

AREAS OF HIGH DENSITY (500 To 1000)
State Kerala Uttar Pradesh Dadra and Nagar Haveli Density

Haryana
Tamil Nadu

Punjab

859 828 698 573 555 550

Vikas Patil 2013-14

State level pattern of density

AREAS OF VERY HIGH DENSITY (More than 1000)
State Delhi Chandigarh Puducherry Density

Daman and Diu

Lakshadweep

Bihar
West Bengal

9,340 9,252 2,598 2,169 2,013 1,102 1,030

Vikas Patil 2013-14

For Discussion
Three main causes of rapid population growth in India How relief, climate and soil fertility have created unevenness in population? Importance of 1921 Compare the population of India with other countries Areas with high density of population and reasons Areas with very low density and reasons
Vikas Patil 2013-14

For Discussion
Distinguish between Arithmetic and Physiological Density Distinguish between birthrate and growth rate Why are Indo-Gangetic plains thickly populated? Why are the Eastern States sparsely populated?

Vikas Patil 2013-14

Factors affecting population distribution and Density

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Factors affecting population distribution and Density

Terrain Climate Soil Water Bodies

Mineral Resources Industries

Transport Urbanization
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GROWTH OF POPULATION
Growth Rate Natural Growth
Change in no of people between two given points of time. Expressed in %

Difference between natural birth-rate and natural death-rate

Migratory Growth of population caused by Growth migration of people

Vikas Patil 2013-14

POPULATION GROWTH IN INDIA (SINCE 1901)

Period of Stagnant Population
1901 Period of Steady Growth 1921 Period of High Growth 1951 1981 Period of High Growth with Definite Signs of Slowing Down 1981 2001
Vikas Patil 2013-14

1921

1951

Period of Stagnant Population 1901 1921

- High birth-rate and High death-rate

- Progressive growth rate was 5.25 % in 20 years - 1921 recorded -0.31 % negative growth rate - High Mortality Rate due to epidemics like influenza, plague, small pox, cholera etc - Food shortages and severe droughts - Indian soldiers lost lives in World War I

- DEMOGRAPHIC DIVIDE Vikas Patil 2013-14

Period of Steady Growth 1921 1951

- 251 million to 361 million

- 47.3 % growth - Fall in death-rate from 47/1000 to 27/1000 - Improvement in general health and sanitation - Improved transport system - High birth-rate of 48/1000 - MORTALITY INDUCED GROWTH
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Period of High Growth 1951 1981

- Steep fall in Mortality, death-rate fell to 9/1000

- High Fertility, birth-rate rose - POPULATION EXPLOSION - Population rose from 361 million to 683 million - Increase of 89 % - FERTILITY INDUCED GROWTH

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Period of High Growth with Definite Signs of Slowing Down 1981 2001

- Gradual fall in the growth rate

- 1.95 % in 2001 - Still 3rd highest in the world after Pakistan and Nigeria - Birth-rate fell from 36/1000 to 26/1000 - Death-rate remained low - Awareness by government

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Regional Variation in Population Growth

State
India Nagaland Dadra and Nagar Haveli Daman and Diu Delhi Chandigarh Sikkim

1981-91 23.87 56.08 33.57 28.62 51.45

1991-2001 21.54 64.53 59.52 55.73 47.02

42.16
28.47

40.28
33.06

Note: Yellow shade represents fall in the Growth Rate

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Regional Variation in Population Growth

State
Meghalaya Jammu and Kashmir Mizoram

1981-91 32.86 30.89 39.79

1991-2001 30.65 29.43 28.82

Bihar
Haryana Rajasthan

23.38
27.41 28.44

28.62
28.43 28.41

Arunachal Pradesh

36.83
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27.00

Note: Yellow shade represents fall in the Growth Rate

Regional Variation in Population Growth

State
Andaman and Nicobar Uttar Pradesh Manipur Madhya Pradesh Jharkhand Maharashtra Gujarat

1981-91
48.70 25.61 29.29 27.24 24.03 25.73 21.19
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1991-2001
26.90 25.85 24.86 24.26 23.36 22.73 22.66

Note: Yellow shade represents fall in the Growth Rate

Regional Variation in Population Growth

State
Pondicherry Uttaranchal Punjab Assam Chhastisgarh West Bengal Himachal Pradesh

1981-91
33.64 23.16 20.81 24.24 25.73 24.73 20.79

1991-2001
20.62 20.41 20.10 18.92 18.27 17.77 17.54

Note: Yellow shade represents fall in the Growth Rate

Vikas Patil 2013-14

Regional Variation in Population Growth

State
Karnataka Lakshadweep Orissa Tripura Goa Andhra Pradesh Tamil Nadu

1981-91 21.12 28.47 20.06 34.30 16.08 24.20 15.39

1991-2001 17.51 17.30 16.25 16.03 15.21 14.59 11.72

Kerala
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14.32

9.43

Note: Yellow shade represents fall in the Growth Rate

1950 (In million) 1. New York-Newark, USA 2. Tokyo, Japan

2007(In million) 12.3 1. Tokyo, Japan 11.3 2. New York-Newark, USA 3. Mexico City, Mexico 4. Bombay, India

2025(In million) 35.7 1. Tokyo, Japan 19 2. Bombay, India 19 3. Delhi, India 19 4. Dhaka, Bangladesh

36.4 26.4 22.5 22

5. So Paulo, Brazil 6. Delhi, India

7. Shanghai, China 8. Calcutta, India 9. Dhaka, Bangladesh 10. Buenos Aires, Argentina

18.8 5. So Paulo, Brazil 15.9 6. Mexico City, Mexico

15 7. New York-Newark, USA 14.8 8. Calcutta, India 13.5 9. Shanghai, China 12.8 10. Karachi, Pakistan

21.4 21
20.6 20.6 19.4 19.1

Source: United Nations Population Division, World

Urbanization Prospects, The 2007 Revision.

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poverty

Unemployment

Effects of Rapid growth of Population

Overuse of Resources

Lack of food

Burden on Land

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Measures to control population growth

Education Awareness

Means of
communication Government Initiatives (NPP)

Vikas Patil 2013-14