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Coriolis flowmeter
Introduction to the technology

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Coriolis Mass Flowmeter

Coriolis Measurement Principle

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Overview of direct measuring variables

D m fR r W T = = = = = = Phase shift Mass flow Resonance frequency Density Resistance (PT1000) Temperature
~ m fR ~ ~ T

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Overview of calculated values

V V VN VN = = = = Volume flow m/r Normvolume flow = Volume flow at fixed p and T m/rN (note: rN is a fixed value for each fluid)

c = Concentration Concentration can be calculated from density see specific training (advanced module) n = Viscosity Viscosity can be calculated from oscillation damping. Viscosity measurement is only available with the Promass I sensor see specific training (advanced module)
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Coriolis Mass Flowmeter

Basic meter construction

Electrodynamic sensors

Transmitter

Oscillation driving system

Sensor
Process connection Pipe movement sensors

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Features of Endress+Hauser Promass Coriolis sensors

Compact design
Small construction, light weight

Standard 2nd containment (except E sensor)

Robust construction, enhanced process security

Vibration immunity
Not affected by pipeline vibration

Self draining
No clogging, hygienic versions available

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Promass: Insensitive to pipeline vibrations

Balanced measuring system High operating frequency (typical 600 to 1000 Hz) no interference of oscillation by pipeline vibration (normally around 50 to 250 Hz)

Tuning fork

20

Vibration effect of competitor Coriolis

Fisher-Rosemount ELITE CMF100 Effect of interference vibr ation, 0.5g, zero flow, tubes empty

Vibration effect of Endress+Hauser Promass

15

10

zero stability [kg/h]

0 0 -5 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

fr equency [Hz]

-10

-15

-20

26.7.96

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Self draining design

Self draining design of each sensor
No liquid stays inside No sedimentation of solids No corrosion Less sensitive to clogging EHEDG certified, 3-A approved

Self draining Self de-aerating

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Standard transmitter Promass 80

Standard transmitter for the most industries and applications Tests
CRN/PED Cat II/III, 3.1B, pressure

Aluminum or stainless housing IP67/NEMA4X standard Operation (display optional) Push-button operation 2-line display, backlit Accuracy Up to 0.1% measuring error Fits all sensors

test Ex Approvals ATEX, FM, NEPSI, TIIS and CSA (Zone 1 and 2) Housing -20 C ambient temperature standard -40 C ambient temperature optional Remote electronics Max. 20 m / 65 ft Power supply 20 to 55 V AC / 16 to 62 V DC 85 to 260 V AC, 50/60 Hz Outputs 4-20 mA HART, passive pulse, status in/out, PROFIBUS PA

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Flow accuracy specifications (all sensors)

All values in the table are base accuracies Effects of zero point stability have to be added for each sensor
Sensor Mass flow Liquid 80 Promass F Promass A Promass E 0.1 0.15 0.3 83 0.05 0.1 0.25 Volume flow Liquid 80 0.2 0.25 0.45 83 0.15 0.25 0.45 Mass flow Gas 80 and 83 0.35 0.5 0.75

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Zero point stability

Each flowmeter has a base accuracy (see previous sheet) Additional error is caused by zero point stability:
Defined by the design of the flowmeter It reflects the imperfection of the sensor (due to mechanical limitation, manufacturing tolerances etc.) Influence is most significant in low flow conditions

Influence of zero point stability

Base accuracy

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Density accuracy specifications

Sensor model Promass F Promass A Promass E Standard calibration 0.0100 g/cm3 0.0200 g/cm3 0.0200 g/cm3 Special density calibration 0.0010 g/cm3 0.0020 g/cm3 0.0020 g/cm3 Field calibration 0.0005 g/cm3 0.0010 g/cm3 0.0010 g/cm3

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Dimensions of Promass 80E compact version

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Dimensions of Promass 80E compact with EN flange types

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Dimensions of Promass 80E with ASME flange types

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Dimensions of Promass 80E remote version

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General application fields of Coriolis meters

Because of its versatile applicability it is virtually impossible to give written guidelines on where to use Coriolis meters All industries are using the technology in many applications providing multi process variables and direct massflow Promass flow meters are used for liquids, gas and sometimes even for steam

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Coriolis installation considerations: full pipe (1)

The measuring tube(s) of a Coriolis meter must be kept full. Promass triggers Empty pipe detection (EPD) warning if density falls below defined limit. Consider the following recommendations:
Best mounting location: In vertical pipeline with flow streaming upwards Good alternative: Horizontal orientation on a low point in the pipeline.

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Coriolis installation considerations: full pipe (2)

Consider the following restrictions:
Avoid installation at the highest point of a pipeline. Avoid installation directly upstream of a free pipe outlet in a vertical pipeline.

If installation before a free pipe outlet is inevitable:

Decrease nominal outlet diameter (Pipe restrictor or an orifice plate). Consult operating manual for recommended orifice sizes.

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Coriolis installation considerations: entrained solid

With curved measuring tubes and horizontal installation: Entrained solids in liquids: do not install with curves pointing downwards (risk of solids accumulating).

Steam and wet gas measurement: do not install with curves pointing downwards (risk of condensate accumulation)

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Air entrainment
All (Coriolis) flowmeters are affected by entrained air. Promass in combination with FieldCare can be used to detect unknown gas entrainment problems in application (by tracking the stability of the meters excitation current). Promass F does not stall even if meter is run empty full empty Effects on measurement depend on the air distribution in the fluid.
Bubbles Slug flow Partial filling Or any kind of combination
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