University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, Pakistan

Bsc. Project
Project advisior

Analysis and Design of Prestressed Structural members

Dr. Mohammad Afzal Javaid
Engr. Azhar Saleem
Analysis and Design of post-tensioned Felexural members
Fahed Javaid
2002-C-1009
Waheed Ahmed
2002-C-1006
Ayyaz A hmed
2002-C-1023
Ferhan Nawaz
2002-C-969

Sheet Title
Sheet Authers

* Only yellow Fields are to be Entered by the user

PROPERTIES OF SECTION DESCRIBED BY LAYERS (FROM TOP TO BOTTOM)

Units:
Layer No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

in
Top Width
12
4
12

Bottom
Width
12
4
12

-8.0 -6.0 -4.0 -2.0 0.0

Thickness
5
14
5

Depth (h)
0
5
19
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0
0
-5
-10
-15

1 IN = 25 MM
36
36
36
16
16
8
8
8
8
24
24
24

5.2
2.8
4
54
10
8

-20
-25
-30

file:///var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_3/172397520.xls

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37

Elastic Section Properties

Height =
24.00 in
Area =
176.00 in^2
Ix =
11994.67 in^4
Yt =
12.000 in
Yb =
12.000 in
St =
999.56 in^3
Sb =
999.56 in^3
Iy =
1514.67 in^4

Material Properties
Concrete:
fc':
c:

4000 Psi
150 Pcf

Prestress Wire:
fpu: 250000 Psi
%Loss:
15%
wire dia:
0.5 in
wire area:
0.153 in2
Pe/Pi, R: 85.00%

file:///var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_3/172397520.xls

Permissible Concrete Stresses:

Initial Stage:
fc':
Top, fti:
Bottom, fci:
Service Stage:
Top, fcs:
Bottom, fts:

0.7 x 4000 =
3 x (2800)^0.5 =
- 0.6 x 2800 =

2800 Psi
158.7 Psi
-1680.0 Psi

- 0.6 x 4000 =
3 x (4000)^0.5 =

-2400.0 Psi
189.7 Psi

Permissible Stress in Prestress wire:

(immediately after transfer)
fpy:
0.70 fpu:

0.9 x 250000 =
0.70 x 250000 =

Permissible stress:

225000 Psi
185000 Psi
185000 Psi

Load and Moments:

span, L:
self, wo:
Imposed DL, wd:
LL, wl:
Mo:
Md:
Ml:

176/144 x 150/1000 =

0.18 x 40^2/8 =
0.275 x 40^2/8 =
0.275 x 40^2/8 =

40
0.18
0.275
0.275

ft
klf
klf
klf

36 ft-kip
55 ft-kip
55 ft-kip

Section Moduli, required at midspan:

(1-R)Mo+Md+Ml:
St:
Sb:

(1-0.85)36+55+55 =
115.4x12000/(0.85x158.7-(-2400)) =
115.4x12000/(189.7-0.85(-1680)) =

fcci:
Pi:

158.7 - 12/24 x (158.7-(-1680)) =

-761x176/1000 =

115.4 ft-kip
547 in3
857 in3

<
<

999.56
999.56

OK
OK

-761
-134 kip ': minus indicates compression
file:///var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_3/172397520.xls

e:
at end, e:
Provided, Pi:
Provided, e:
Ap:
No. of strands, n:
Provided, n:
Provided, Ap:
No. Tendons, N:

(158.7-(-761))x999.56/(-134x1000)+36x12/-134 =

(158.7-(-761))x999.56/(-134x1000) =

169x1000 /185000 =
0.91 /0.153 =

-10.08 below NA
-6.86

169
5.19
0.91
5.95
14 max = 35
2.142
3 7-strand tendons

Stress Check at Mid Span:

Pi : ft
fb

(-169/176 + 169x5.19x/999.56)1000 =
(-169/176 - 169x5.19x/999.56)1000 =

-82.7
-1837.7

Pe:ft
fb

0.85 (-82.7) =
0.85 (-1837.7) =

-70.3
-1562.0

Mo:ft
fb

-36 x 12000 /999.56 =

36 x 12000 /999.56 =

-432.2
432.2

Md+Ml:ft
fb
Initial Stage:
ft:
fb:
Service Stage:
ft:
fb:

-(55 + 55) x 12000 /999.56 =

(55 + 55) x 12000 /999.56 =

-1320.6
1320.6

-82.7 + (-432.2) =
-1837.7 + 432.2 =

-514.9
-1405.5

<
<

158.7
-1680

-70.3 + (-432.2) + (-1320.6) =

-1562 + 432.2 + 1320.6 =

-1823.1
190.8

<
>

-2400
OK
189.7 NOT OK

OK
OK

% Margin
424.45%
16.34%
24.04%
-0.58%

Tendon Profile Envelop:

Mx=Ax-Bx2 A = wL/2
Self wt, Ao:
3.6
Bo
0.09
Ac:

176.000

B = w/2
I. Dead + Live, Ad+l:
Bd+l:
Top, fti:

158.7

11
0.275
R:

85.00%

file:///var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_3/172397520.xls

St:
Sb:

x
Location
0.00 L
0.05 L
0.10 L
0.15 L
0.20 L
0.25 L
0.30 L
0.35 L
0.40 L
0.50 L
0.50 L
0.60 L
0.70 L
0.80 L
0.90 L
1.00 L

ft
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
20.00
20.00
24.00
28.00
32.00
36.00
40.00

999.56
999.56

Bottom, fci:
Top, fcs:
Bottom, fts:

Moment
Self Wt. Dead+Live
0
0
82080
250800
155520
475200
220320
673200
276480
844800
324000
990000
362880
1108800
393120
1201200
414720
1267200
432000
1320000
432000
1320000
414720
1267200
362880
1108800
276480
844800
155520
475200
0
0

fti
6.61
7.10
7.53
7.92
8.25
8.53
8.76
8.94
9.07
9.17
9.17
9.07
8.76
8.25
7.53
6.61

-1680
-2400
189.7

Pi:
Pe:

e, based on
fci
fcs
4.25
-11.03
4.74
-8.71
5.17
-6.63
5.56
-4.81
5.89
-3.22
6.17
-1.88
6.40
-0.78
6.58
0.08
6.71
0.69
6.81
1.18
6.81
1.18
6.71
0.69
6.40
-0.78
5.89
-3.22
5.17
-6.63
4.25
-11.03

fts
-7.00
-4.69
-2.61
-0.78
0.81
2.15
3.25
4.10
4.71
5.20
5.20
4.71
3.25
0.81
-2.61
-7.00

169000
143650

Profile Limits
Lower
Upper
4.25
-7.00
4.74
-4.69
5.17
-2.61
5.56
-0.78
5.89
0.81
6.17
2.15
6.40
3.25
6.58
4.10
6.71
4.71
6.81
5.20
6.81
5.20
6.71
4.71
6.40
3.25
5.89
0.81
5.17
-2.61
4.25
-7.00

Tendon Profile:
Total Tendons, N:
Total Area, A:
Beam span:

3
2.142
40

For parabolic tendons, y=ax2+bx+c

1
2
No. of tendons:
1
1
Area per tendon:
1.071
1.071
End, e:
26
25.24
Mid, e:
27
37.49
Coeff, a:
0.00
0.00
b:
0.0083
0.1021
c:
26
25.24

3
1
2
15.24
33.99
0.00
0.1563
15.24

4
1
1.071
5.24
33.99
0.00
0.2396
5.24

0
0
0
0
0
0.00
0.0000
0

file:///var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_3/172397520.xls

x
in
0.00 L
0.05 L
0.10 L
0.15 L
0.20 L
0.25 L
0.30 L
0.35 L
0.40 L
0.45 L
0.50 L

e1

0.0
24.0
48.0
72.0
96.0
120.0
144.0
168.0
192.0
216.0
240.0

26.00
26.19
26.36
26.51
26.64
26.75
26.84
26.91
26.96
26.99
27.00

e2
25.24
27.57
29.65
31.49
33.08
34.43
35.53
36.39
37.00
37.37
37.49

Eccentricities (inch)
e3
e4
15.24
5.24
18.80
10.70
21.99
15.59
24.80
19.90
27.24
23.64
29.30
26.80
30.99
29.39
32.30
31.40
33.24
32.84
33.80
33.70
33.99
33.99

e5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

avg, e
42.47
49.79
56.33
62.11
67.11
71.35
74.82
77.51
79.44
80.59
80.98

Pe:
Ap:
dp:
1:
L/h:

169000
2.142
17.19
0.85
20

Profile Limits
Lower
Upper
4.25
-7.00
4.74
-4.69
5.17
-2.61
5.56
-0.78
5.89
0.81
6.17
2.15
6.40
3.25
6.58
4.10
6.71
4.71
6.81
5.20
6.81
5.20

e within
profile?
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No

Ultimate Flexural Strength:

L:
wo:
wd:
wl:
Mu:

Pe/Ap, fpe:
b:
bw:
hf:
z:
p:
p:
fps:
a:

40
0.18
0.275
0.275
146

ft
kip
kip
kip
ft-kip

fpu:
fpy:
fc':
fpy/fpu:

250000
225000
4000
0.9

78898
<
125000 (0.5 fpu)
:fps approximate equations are valid. Calculate manually.
18
8
6
1 Unbonded Tendons
0.28
0.01558
6562.5
0.23
<
6
:Rec beam analysis required.

Rec beam capacity:

Mn:

18

<

146 Ordinary reinforcement required

T-beam capacity:
Apf:
31.086
file:///var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_3/172397520.xls

Apw:
Mn:

-28.944
-26.14

<

146 Ordinary reinforcement required

file:///var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_3/172397520.xls

University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, Pakistan

Bsc. Project
Project advisior
Sheet Title
Sheet Authers

Comparision of Analysis and Design of Prestressed Structural members

Dr. Mohammad Afzal Javaid
Engr. Azhar Saleem
Analysis and Design of post-tensioned Line members
2002-C-1009 , 2002-C-1006 , 2002-C-1023 , 2002-C-969

* Only yellow Fields are to be Entered by the user

PROPERTIES OF SECTION
Units:

Height of Sec
Width of sec
wall Thickness
middle web t

in

45
40

39 in

35

24 in

30

4 in

25

0 in

20

5
5

5 15
35

5
5

5
35

10
5
0
0

39

29

39

29
5

5
5

9
9
25
25
95

9
35
35
9
9 15

10

20

25

Elastic Section Properties

Height =
39.00
Area =
440.00
Ix =
78916.67
Yt =
19.500
Yb =
19.500
St =
4047.01
Sb =
4047.01
r ^2 =
179.36
width =
24

Material Properties

30

35

Concrete:
fc':
c:

Prestress Wire:
fpu:
250000 Psi
%Loss:
15%
wire dia:
0.5 in
wire area:
0.153 in2
Pe/Pi, R:
85.00%

4000 Psi
150 Pcf

Permissible Concrete Stresses:

Initial Stage:
fc':
Top, fti:
Bottom, fci:
Service Stage:
Top, fcs:
Bottom, fts:

0.7 x 4000 =
3 x (2800)^0.5 =
- 0.6 x 2800 =

2800 Psi
158.7 Psi
-1680.0 Psi

- 0.6 x 4000 =
3 x (4000)^0.5 =

-2400.0 Psi
189.7 Psi

0.9 x 250000 =
0.70 x 250000 =

225000 Psi
185000 Psi

Permissible Stress in Prestress wire:

(immediately after transfer)
fpy:
0.70 fpu:
Permissible stress:

185000 Psi

Permissible Stress in Prestress wire:

(immediately after transfer)
fpy:
0.70 fpu:

0.9 x 250000 =
0.70 x 250000 =

Permissible stress:

225000 Psi
185000 Psi
185000 Psi

Load and Moments:

span, L:
self, wo:
Imposed DL, wd:
LL, wl:

440/144 x 150/1000 =

Mo:
Md:
Ml:

0.46 x 40^2/8 =
0.275 x 40^2/8 =
0.275 x 40^2/8 =

40
0.46
0.275
0.275

ft
klf
klf
klf

92 ft-kip
55 ft-kip
55 ft-kip

Section Moduli, required at midspan:

(1-R)Mo+Md+Ml:

(1-0.85)92+55+55 =

202 ft-kip

St:
Sb:

202x12000/(0.85x158.7-(-2400)) =
202x12000/(189.7-0.85(-1680)) =

fcci:
Pi:
e:
at end, e:

158.7 - 19.5/39 x (158.7-(-1680)) =

-761x440/1000 =
(-(-761))x4047.00854700855/(-335x1000)+92x12/-335 =

(158.7-(-761))x4047.00854700855/(-335x1000) =

Provided, Pi:
Provided, e:
Ap:
No. of strands, n:
Provided, n:
Provided, Ap:
No. Tendons, N:

530x1000 /185000 =
2.86 /0.153 =

957 in3
1499 in3
-761
-335 kip ': minus indicates compression
-12.49 below NA
-11.11

530
17
2.86
18.69
14 max = 35
2.142
3 7-strand tendons

Stress Check at Mid Span:

Pi : ft
fb

(-530/440 + 530x17x/4047.00854700855)1000 =
(-530/440 - 530x17x/)1000 =

1021.8
-1318.7

Pe:ft
fb

0.85 (1021.8) =
0.85 (-1318.7) =

868.5
-1120.9

Mo:ft
fb

-92 x 12000 /4047.00854700855 =

92 x 12000 /4047.00854700855 =

-272.8
272.8

Md+Ml:ft
fb
Initial Stage:
ft:
fb:
Service Stage:
ft:
fb:

-(55 + 55) x 12000 /4047.00854700855 =

(55 + 55) x 12000 / =

-326.2
326.2

1021.8 + (-272.8) =
-1318.7 + 272.8 =

749.0
-1045.9

<
<

868.5 + (-272.8) + (-326.2) =

-1120.9 + 272.8 + 326.2 =

269.5
-521.9

<
<

Ultimate Flexural Strength:

L:
wo:
wd:
wl:
Mu:

40
0.46
0.275
0.275
202

Pe/Ap, fpe:
b:
bw:
hf:

247432
18
8
6

ft
kip
kip
kip
ft-kip

>

fpu:
fpy:
fc':
fpy/fpu:

250000
225000
4000
0.9

125000 (0.5 fpu)

Pe:
Ap:
dp:
1:
L/h:

530000
2.142
36.50
0.85
12.31

:fps approximate equations are valid.

z:
p:
p:
fps:
a:

3 Unbonded Tendons with L/h > 35

0.28
0.00734
225000
7.88
>
6

:T-beam analysis required.

Rec beam capacity:

Mn:
1177.01

>

202 :Section is adequate.

T-beam capacity:
Apf:
Apw:
Mn:

>

202 :Section is adequate.

0.907
1.235
1191.36

logy Lahore, Pakistan

tural members

20

25

ection Properties
in
in^2
in^4
in
in
in^3
in^3
in^4
in

30

35

<
<

4047.01
4047.01

OK
OK

p ': minus indicates compression

185000
-1680.0

OK
OK

% Margin
99.60%
37.74%

-2400.0
189.7

OK
OK

111.23%
375.12%

e equations are valid.

Stress Dia For

2

2; 5

5
4

ini.prestress

initial
prestress +
self weigh

Effec stress
+Self weight

1
-2000.00

-1500.00

-1000.00

-500.00

0
0.00
-1
-2
-3
-4

1;1-5

-5

500.00

Effec stress
+Self
weight+applie
d loads
Initial stress
+Self
weight+applie
d loads

Stress Dia for

2
2
2; 5
2
2

5
4

ini.prestress
froce

3
effect of ini +
self weigh

Effec +Self
weight

1
-4000.00 -3000.00 -2000.00 -1000.00

0
0.00
-1

1000.00

Ini +Self
weight+appli
ed loads

-2
-3
-4

1
1
1
1; -5
1

-5

2000.00

Effec +Self
weight+appli
ed loads

University of Engineering & Technology Lah

Bsc. Project
Project advisior
Sheet Title
Sheet Authers

Comparision of Analysis and Design of Prestressed structura

Dr. Mohammad Afzal Javaid
Engr. Azhar Saleem
Analysis of prestressed Line members
2002-C-1009 , 2002-C-1006 , 2002-C-1023 , 2002-C-969

Permissible Concrete Stresses

Initial prestress Stage Limit
For Compression
For Tension
Service Stage prestress Limit
For Compression
For Tension
Moment of inertia
Concrete Area
Centriodal distance from top
Centriodal distance from bottom
Radius of gyration
Sectional modulus
Sectional modulus
initial prestress force after losses
Effective prestress force
Span in Feet
Sevice loads PL+Pd
eccentricity
Beam self weight
Stress due to ini.prestress frocen---1

-1680 psi
158.75 psi
-1800 psi
189.74 psi
I=
Ac =
C1 =
C2 =
r^2 = I /Ac =
S1= (I / C1) =
S2= (I / C2) =
Pi =
Pe =
L=
Wu =
e=
wo =

11994.67
176.00
12.00
12.00
68.15
999.56
999.56
169.00
143.65
40.00
0.55
5.19
0.18

in^4
in^2
in
in

kip
ft
k/ft
in
k/ft

ft = (-{pi/Ac}{1- ec1/r2})
fb = (-{pi/Ac}{1+ ec1/r2})

-82.73
-1837.73

psi
psi

36.00
36.00
-432.19
432.19

kip-ft
psi
psi

-514.92
-1405.54

psi
psi

-70.32
-1562.07

psi
psi

-502.51
-1129.88

psi
psi

110.00
110.00
-1320.59
1320.59

kip -ft
psi
psi

-1823.10
190.71

psi
psi

-1835.51
-84.95

psi
psi

Stress due to Self weight

Mo =

(WoxL2) / 8

ft =
fb =

(-Mo / S1)
(+Mo / S2)

Combined effect of ini + self weight---2

ft =
fb =
Stres due to Effec.prestress froce
ft =
fb =

f11*0.85
f21*0.85

Stres due to Effec +Self weight---3

ft =
fb =
Stress due to applied loads
Ms =
ft =
fb =

(WuxL2) / 8
(-Mu / S1)
(+Mu / S2)

Stres due to Effec +Self weight+applied loads---4

ft =
fb =
Stres due to Ini +Self weight+applied loads---5
ft =
fb =

& Technology Lahore, Pakistan

of Prestressed structural members

Effectiveness ratio = R= Pe / Pi =

0.85

-5
5

University of Engineering & Technology Lah

Bsc. Project
Project advisior
Sheet Title
Sheet Authers

Comparision of Analysis and Design of Prestressed structura

Dr. Mohammad Afzal Javaid
Engr. Azhar Saleem
Analysis of prestressed Line members
2002-C-1009 , 2002-C-1006 , 2002-C-1023 , 2002-C-969

Permissible Concrete Stresses

Initial prestress Stage Limit
For Compression
For Tension

-1680 psi
158.75 psi

Service Stage prestress Limit

For Compression
For Tension
Moment of inertia
Concrete Area
Centriodal distance from top
Centriodal distance from bottom
Radius of gyration
Sectional modulus
Sectional modulus
initial prestress force after losses
Effective prestress force
Span in Feet
Sevice loads PL+Pd
eccentricity
Beam self weight

-1800 psi
189.74 psi
I=
Ac =
C1 =
C2 =
r^2 = I /Ac =
S1= (I / C1) =
S2= (I / C2) =
Pi =
Pe =
L=
Wu =
e=
wo =

78916.67
440.00
19.50
19.50
179.36
4047.01
4047.01
530.00
450.50
40.00
0.55
17.00
0.46

in^4
in^2
in
in
in^3
in^3
kip
ft
k/ft
in
k/ft

Stress due to ini.prestress frocen---1

ft = (-{pi/Ac}{1- ec1/r2})
fb = (-{pi/Ac}{1+ ec1/r2})

1021.79
-3430.88

psi
psi

92.00
92.00
-272.79
272.79

kip-ft
psi
psi

749.00
-3158.09

psi
psi

868.52
-2916.25

psi
psi

595.73
-2643.45

psi
psi

110.00
110.00
-326.17
326.17

kip -ft
psi
psi

269.56
-2317.29

psi
psi

Stress due to Self weight

Mo =

(WoxL2) / 8

ft =
fb =

(-Mo / S1)
(+Mo / S2)

Combined effect of ini + self weight---2

ft =
fb =
Stres due to Effec.prestress froce
ft =
fb =

f11*0.85
f21*0.85

Stres due to Effec +Self weight---3

ft =
fb =
Stress due to applied loads
Ms =

(WuxL2) / 8

ft =
fb =

(-Mu / S1)
(+Mu / S2)

Stres due to Effec +Self weight+applied loads---4

ft =
fb =
Stres due to Ini +Self weight+applied loads---5

ft =
fb =

422.83
-2831.92

psi
psi

& Technology Lahore, Pakistan

of Prestressed structural members

Effectiveness ratio = R= Pe / Pi =

0.85

-5
5

University of Engineering and Technology Lahore Pakistan

Project
Project advisior
Sheet Title
Sheet Authers

Comparision of Analysis and Design of Prestressed structural members

Dr. Mohammad Afzal Javaid
Engr. Azhar Saleem
Losses in post-tensioned Line members
2002-C-1009 , 2002-C-1006 , 2002-C-1023 , 2002-C-969

CALCULATION OF LOSSES
Ap
Ac
Ic
r2
wo
Ec
Ep
fc'
Cu
L
Pj

1.836
524
22040
42.06
546
4000000
27000000
5000
2.5
50
300000

in2
in2
in4
in2
plf
psi
psi
psi
ft
lbs

FRICTION LOSS
Wobble Coefficient, K
Curvature Coefficient,
Steel Centroid, y
x
Central Angle,

0.001 /ft
0.2
12.23 in
50 ft

:L/2 for jacking at both ends

0.163 rad

:8y/x

KL+

0.0826

fpj

163399 psi

fr

13499 psi

fp

149900 psi

<

0.3 :approximate friction loss equation can be used.

:(KL+)fpj
:effective stress

ANCHORAGE SLIP LOSS

L
fanc

0.1 in
25 ft
9000 psi

ELASTIC SHORTENING LOSS

f=0 if all the tendons are jacked at once.
Pi
Mo
e
fcs
np
fel

3000 lbs
500 lbs-ft
25 in
-83.99414
6.75
567.0 psi

AT INITIAL STAGE, TOTAL STRESS LOSS

fi

23066

LIMITING TENDON ENVELOPE

-8.00

-6.00

-4.00

ECCENTRICITY (in)

-2.00

0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00
25.00
LENGTH (ft)

Lower Tendon Limit

30.00

35.00

40.00

Upper Tendon Limit

8.00
45.00

a
b
c
d

A
B
C
D

e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
w
x
y
z

E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z

DO NOT CHANGE THESE SYMBOLS

02:53:05 09/15/2013
CROSS-SECTION PROPERTIES
Described by Layers (from top to bottom)

CROSS-SECTION
-40 -30 -20 -10

10

20

30

Section Title: 41" Deck Bulb Tee with 72" deck

40
0
-5

Units:
Section
Number
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

Engineer:

Thickness
of Layer
0.000
5.805
0.000
3.000
2.000
27.000
3.000
6.000

in
Width of
Section
72.00
72.00
51.00
12.00
8.00
8.00
27.00
27.00

-10

Dist. to
Section
from Top
0.000
5.805
5.805
8.805
10.805
37.805
40.805
46.805
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

-15
-20
-25
-30
-35
-40
-45
-50

Elastic Section Properties

Height =
46.805 in
Area =
962.96 in^2
I=
263132 in^4
Yt =
17.127 in
Yb =
29.678 in
St =
15363 in^3
Sb =
8866 in^3

Sheet: Section_by_layers_old

File: 172397520.xls