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LTG6 - CASCADE TRIM CONTROL VALVES

ENERGY NEEDS CONTROL

MULTISTAGE SINGLE-PATH TRIM
Cascade trim is designed for severe services on liquids and it is characterized by a particular multi stage countered plug (Fig.2) so as to create a tortuous fluid passage through several stages. It can be defined a multistage single path trim; it controls the differential pressure through its steps in order to avoid any problem of cavitation. DeltaP across each stage is maintained lower than the critical differential pressure and therefore, with a correct design of the number of stages, the erosion and cavitation risk is effectively avoided (Fig.1), assuring a long life service. Hence, control valves, if equipped with multistage single path, can operate under very high pressure drops, if compared with those with a single stage trim. Valvitalia manufactures two types of Cascade Trim: Cage-guided CG cascade trim (Fig.3) Top-guided TG cascade trim (Fig.5)

Fig.1 - liquid flow pressure reduction processes

Fig.2 - multi stage countered plug and cage. The fluid is forced through the path created between the shaped profile of the plug and the holes drilled in the cage

CG CASCADE TRIM
Cage guided trim illustrated in Fig 3 has the characteristics described above, moreover xFZ factor is constant along all the travel. As a result, the cage guided cascade trim ensures the absence of risks related to cavitation at any flow rate. The design of cage guided trim makes it suitable for large seat diameters, up to 90 mm, achieving Cv values up to 100. Balanced and unbalanced versions are both available and they can be employed on straight way bodies (LTG6) or angle bodies too (LTA6). Due to the width of the passages and the self-cleaning effect of the plug shape (shearing action) this trim is particularly suitable for severe service conditions (dirty, sticking and slightly abrasive fluids) for which multicage trim (MPS) or labyrinth trim (MPL) should be avoided because of the risk of clogging.

ENERGY NEEDS CONTROL

Technical characteristics
Body : up to 6 Direction of flow : to open Cv : from 3 to 100 (Cv values higher than those shown in table 1 are available on request) Diameter of the seat : from 15 to 90 millimeter Characteristic : linear Rangeability : up to 50:1 Leakage Class : V or better Travel : from 5 to 35 millimeter Number of stages : up to 4 for cast straight way bodies More stages available for forged bodies, straight way or angle way (on request) xFZ : from 0,8 to 0,92, according to the number of stages Max temperatures/pressures : no practical limit Balanced plug : port 40mm and above
Fig.3 - Cage-guided cascade trim

Materials
Body / bonnet: as per customer request. Seat and plug: AISI 440C, inconel 718, tungsten carbides, stellite coated stainless steel. Cage: 17-4-PH, AISI 416, tungsten carbides
Fig.4 - LTG6 CG cascade trim plug and cage

Cv and Sizing factors

3 stages FL XT XFZ Fd DN Port 1/2 3/4" 1" 1.1/4 1.1/2 2 2.1/2 3 4 Seat Diameter (mm) 14 18 22 30 38 42 60 70 90 Up to 0.98 Up to 0.89 Up to 0.8 Lower than 0.40 Travel (mm) 10 10 14 14 14 18 18 20 24 Rated CV 100% 3.2 5.0 6.1 11.0 14.0 17.8 28.5 37.0 51.0 4 stages Up to 0.99 Up to 0.94 Up to 0.86 Lower than 0.35 Travel (mm) 7 8.5 8.5 10 10 11 12.5 14 15 Rated CV 100% 1.8 2.7 3.3 6.0 7.6 9.6 15.4 20.0 27.6 On request more stages

Up to 6"

Table 1

ENERGY NEEDS CONTROL

TG CASCADE TRIM
The most severe working condition for a control valve occurs when, at low flow ratings, the trim is close to the seat. In particular this takes place whether the valve is controlling a liquid mass flow rate. In this scenario, both surfaces of seat and trim might be damaged by cavitation or be subject to erosion, due to the high velocity of the fluid in the sealing areas. It is extremely important to design both seat and trim to minimize the effects of these harmful occurrences. The TG cascade trim shown in the picture here below represents one of the most valid systems to reduce erosion and cavitation and it finds wide applications in small size valves, whether other multistep solutions could not be used. The pressure drop is equally split through a lot of labyrinth paths specially machined inside the trim itself. Best results are obtained when the differential pressure trends to decrease when the flow rates increases, since the trim, as its travel increases, trends to release its position from the seat, losing part of its own multistep function. Two separate sealing surfaces are provided: the first one between seat and cage and the second one downstream close to the labyrinth. This way the first seal acts as a sacrifice element.

Technical characteristics
Body : up to 3 Direction of flow : to open Cv : from 0.15 to 10 Diameter of the seat : from 8 to 38 millimeter Characteristic : linear Rangeability : up to 30:1 Leakage Class : V or better Travel : from 5 to 25 millimeter Number of stages : up to 16 xFZ : from 0,8 to 0,96, according to the number of stages Max temperatures/pressures : no practical limit
Fig.5 Top-guided cascade trim

Cv and Sizing factors

FL XT XFZ Fd Seat Diameter (mm) 8 10 12 14 18 22 25 28 30 32 38 Travel (mm) 6 8 10 12 16 20 20 20 25 25 25 Up to 0.999 Up to 0.973 Up to 0.963 Lower than 0.25 Rated CV 100% 0.15 0.40 0.75 1.1 1.8 2.6 3.8 5.0 6.8 8.2 10.0

Materials
Body / bonnet: as per customer request. Seat and trim materials: 17-4 PH, AISI 440C, inconel 718, stellite coated stainless steel.

DN

Port 3/16 1/4" 3/8" 1/2" 3/4" 1" 1".1/8 1".3/16 1".1/4 1".3/8 1".1/2

Up to 3"

Note: the listed CV are average values and they can be changed depending on plug stages number

Table 2

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VALVITALIA S.p.A. Headquarter: Via Tortona, 69 - 27055 Rivanazzano (PV) Italy Ph: +39.0383.945911 Fax: +39.0383.9459962 Email: info@valvitalia.com Busto Arsizio (VA) Office VALVITALIA S.p.A. CONTROL VALVES DIVISION Via Mazzini, 30 - 21052 Busto Arsizio (VA) Italy Ph: +39.0331.620692 Fax: +39.0331.302671 Email: info.tgt@valvitalia.com Padova Plant VALVITALIA S.p.A. - TGT DIVISION Via Campolongo, 97 - 35020 Due Carrare (PD) Italy Ph: +39.049.9199611 Fax: +39.049.9125455 Email: info.tgt@valvitalia.com

Vicenza Plant VALVITALIA S.p.A. - VITAS DIVISION VITAS Plant: Via Soastene, 24 36041 Brendola (VI) VITAS Offices: Via Olmo, 31/33 36077 Altavilla Vicentina (VI) Italy Ph: +39.0444.749111 Fax: +39.0444.401498 Email: info.vitas@valvitalia.com

Piacenza Plant TECNOFORGE S.p.A. Via Emilia Pavese, 38 - 29015 CastelSanGiovanni (PC) Italy Ph: +39.0523.889811 Fax: +39.0523.889895 Email: tecfor@tecfor.it Internet: www.tecnoforge.com

Arena Plant TECNOFORGE S.p.A. Via Stazione, 20 - 27040 Arena Po (PV) Italy Ph: +39.0385.70341 Fax: +39.0385.70450 Email: tecfor@tecfor.it Internet: www.tecnoforge.com

China Plant VALVITALIA CHINA VALVES CO.LTD. (Suzhou) Wujiang Econimic Development Zone - Jiangshu Province - China Ph: +86.512.85160128 Fax: +86.512.85160129 Email: info.china@valvitalia.com

Rev.2