USJ^reatens Mass Expulsions - 9/11 - Global Policy Forum Page 1 of 2

/'"" *"-\L P O L I C Y about GPF What's New Newsletter Sitemap Resources Events Membership |
\FORUM, & Donations v

\h GPF ]
US Threatens Mass Expulsions
Security Council

Social & Economic BBC

Policy June 10, 2003
NGOs
More than 13,000 Arab and Muslim men in the US are facing deportation after co-
Globalization operating with post-11 September anti-terror measures, it has been revealed. They are
Empire? among 82,000 adult males who obeyed a government demand to register with the
immigration service earlier this year, on the grounds they come from 25 mainly Muslim
Iraq countries said to harbour terror groups.
Nations & States
Only 11 of those who registered, and of the tens of thousands more screened at airports
International Justice
and border crossings, have been found to have links with terrorism. The vast bulk of those
UN Financial Crisis facing deportation proceedings were found to have lapses in their immigration status. By
co-operating fully with the demand to register, many had hoped to be treated leniently.
UN Reform
But the immigration service - which faced a backlash after several of the 11 September
Secretary General hijackers were found to have been in the country illegally - says enforcement is now a top
priority. Correspondents say families in immigrant communities have already started
*0pinion Forum
packing up to leave the country, while others are simply going underground.
Tables& Charts
Mass arrests

Officials told the New York Times that more than 600 Arab and Muslim illegal
immigrants were deported during the first wave of expulsions after 11 September. Last
year authorities launched a drive to track down those already served with deportation
orders, in which more than 3,000 arrests were made. But this third sweep for illegal
immigrants seems set to produce the largest wave of deportations: 13,354 at the last count,
compiled by American newspapers.

e's been a major shift in our priorities," Jim Chaparro tfKJ tb& New York Times^He
is acting director for interior enforcement at the Department of Homeland Security -
which has now absorbed the old immigration service. "We need to focus our enforcement
efforts on the biggest threats. If a loophole can be exploited by an immigrant, it can also
be exploited by a terrorist," he said.

'Good conscience'

But critics say the latest crackdown on immigrants is unfair and racist. "People did register
out of their good conscience, because they wanted to follow the rules, respect the law,"
said Fayiz Rahman of the American Muslim Council. He says the policy is "targeted only
toward Muslims."This is a major concern. They are planning to reduce the number of
Muslims on American soil... discourage Muslim immigration, make our lives difficult."

Other critics say some of those awaiting deportation had only violated immigration rules
due to a backlog in processing of applications by the government. Added to the
controversy is a report released by the Department of Justice on Monday, which found
"significant problems" in the way many immigrants arrested after the 11 September
http://www.globalpolicy.org/wtc/liberties/2003/061 Oexpulsions.htm 3/18/2004
NY Times: More Than 13,000 May Face Deportation Page 1 of 3

^ RWUSE 6 RESIST!
**Y Times: More Than 13,000 May Face Deportation
More Than 13,000 May Face Deportation

June 7, 2003

By RACHEL L. SWARNS

WASHINGTON, June 6 - More than 13,000 of the Arab and Muslim men who came forward earlier this year to register
with immigration authorities - roughly 16 percent of the total - may now face deportation, government officials say.

Only a handful have been linked to terrorism. But of the 82,000 men older than 16 who registered, more than 13,000
have been found to be living in this country illegally, officials say.

Many had hoped to win leniency by demonstrating their willingness to cooperate with the campaign against terror. The
men were not promised special treatment, however, and officials believe that most will be expelled in what is likely to
be the largest wave of deportations after the Sept. 1 1 attacks.

The government has initiated deportation proceedings, and in immigrant communities across the country, an exodus
has already begun.

Quietly, the fabric of neighborhoods is thinning. Families are packing up; some are splitting up. Rather than come
forward and risk deportation, an unknowable number of immigrants have burrowed deeper underground. Others have
left - for Canada or for their homeland.

The deportations are a striking example of how the Bush administration increasingly uses the nation's immigration
system as a weapon in the battle against terror.

For decades, illegal immigrants have often flourished because officials lacked the staff, resources and political will to
deport them. But since the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, the government has been detaining
and deporting illegal immigrants from countries considered breeding grounds for terrorists.

for interior enforcement at the

tion service.

"We need to focus our enforcement efforts on the biggest threats," Mr. Chaparro added. "If a loophole can be exploited
by an immigrant, it can also be exploited by a terrorist."

Advocates for immigrants warn that such a strategy - indeed, the administration's sweeping reorientation of law
enforcement toward terrorism prevention - can be abused by government officials.

They note that, though it did not deal directly with the registration program, an internal Justice Department report was
released this week that was deeply critical of the government's roundup of illegal immigrants after Sept. 1 1 , 2001 .
Senior officials were found to have repeatedly ignored calls from immigration officials to quickly distinguish between the
innocent and guilty. As a result, many people who had no ties to terrorism were jailed unnecessarily, the report said.

Advocates for immigrants have also accused officials of practicing selective enforcement by focusing on illegal
jigrants from Arab and Muslim nations. Rather than disrupting communities, they say, the government should
improve its intelligence and prosecution of terrorists.

"What the government is doing is very aggressively targeting particular nationalities for enforcement of immigration

http://www.refuseandresist.org/detentions/art.php?aid=877 3/18/2004
1-9 Enforcement — Immigration strategy shifts Page 1 of 5

/ Agricultural Personnel Management Program

University of California

9/2/03 News Report - The Rocky Mountain News (Colorado)

Immigration strategy shifts

by Ann Imse

Immigration agents have virtually stopped punishing employers of illegal workers. Instead, they are arresting
immigrants coming out of jails, packed into smugglers' vans or working at potential terrorist targets.

Nationally, the number of employers fined for hiring illegal workers or failing to verify their paperwork dropped from
808 in 1996 to just 13 last year. No one in Colorado has been fined for hiring illegal workers in three years, although a
few employers have been prosecuted criminally.

Raids at work sites to round up workers have nearly vanished. Arrests in such cases in the U.S. have fallen from 17,552
to 451 in the past six years. In Colorado, the only two raids in the past year were at Denver International Airport and the
Air Force Academy - both sensitive security locations.

The shift away from enforcement on most employers is the result of security worries, staffing levels and, in the view of
Rep. Tom Tancredo, R-Colo., political pressure by members of Congress who want to protect companies from raids that
can strip their labor force.

;redo, who has made immigration his No. 1 issue, said the change in policy is disastrous. He said it has kicked open
the door to American jobs for illegals and has drawn so many here to work that terrorists can't be found in the flood.
"Their numbers swamp us," he said.

Others say illegal immigration won't stop as long as the migrants can find better jobs in the U.S. than at home.

There is no reliable count of illegal immigrants in the United States, but federal government estimates put their number
at 7 million. Employers are required to verify work eligibility by inspecting identification documents, although they
don't have responsibility to spot forgeries.

An undocumented construction worker who gave his name only as Oscar said everyone knows it's easy to get a job
now.

"All you need are fake documents," said Oscar, 27, who's been working in the United States for seven years. Social
Security cards and residency cards can be bought for a couple of hundred dollars, he said.

"Some employers don't even ask for your papers," Oscar said. "They just take the Social Security numbers you give
them, without anything else."

Immigration officials point out they have a limited number of agents and they are best used where they can have the
most impact - on public safety and national security.

2're focusing on critical infrastructure and egregious violators - employers who hold people in substandard
' conditions, airports, nuclear power facilities, public utilities, military bases, criminals, alien smuggling, trafficking in
persons, money l3ii"^prin2njH||ij|;j|^iB^fPi>, wko heads immigration investigations in Denver.

http://are.berkeley.edu/APMP/pubs/i9news/strategyshift090203.html 3/18/2004
U.S. Dept. of State - IIP: Chinese Human Smuggling Pagel of 15
U.S. D E P A R T M E N T OF STATE

INTERNATIONAL INFORMATION PROGRAMS

East Asia-Pacific Issues | Chinese Human Smuggling

IN THE NEWS FOR 2003*

May
Briefs from selected newspaper, magazine and journal articles
as well as other sources discussing topics relevant to illegal immigration.

Mexico Is Acting to Stop Smugglers; Crackdown Begins After Investigation

By Susana Hayward, Knight Ridder News Service, The Miami Herald, May 31, 2003
Mexican President Vicente Fox has launched a major offensive against human
smuggling rings.
Just two weeks after the tragedy that killed 19 migrants in Texas, a strike force of
more than 600 Mexican federal police, soldiers and secret service agents seized
operatives of some six smuggling bands. Most of the arrests were in the Sonora state
on the southern border of Arizona and in the Quintana Roo state on the Yucatan
Peninsula coast.
A May 29 raid resulted in the arrests of 27 smugglers.

Migrant Smuggling Undeterred; Tighter Borders Since 9/11 Put Traffickers in

Demand
By Alfonso Chardy, The Miami Herald, May 30, 2003
Tighter border controls now make smaller smuggling rings more attractive for
illegal immigrants seeking to enter the United States, according to this article.
Acting executive director for interior enforcement for the Bureau of
ImmigratTon arid Customs Enforcement, is quoted as saying: "Fifteen years ago, you
did not need smugglers to get across the border illegally, except maybe a local guide.
Now it's a humongous problem."
Federal immigration officials arrested 1,091 smuggling suspects in 2001 (the last
year for which figures are available) compared to 350 in 1992. U.S. authorities
apprehended 17,984 smuggled immigrants in 2001, compared to 681 in 1992.
Many small smuggling networks focus on a particular ethnic group. Top source
countries for illegal immigrants entering the United States are: Mexico, El Salvador,
Guatemala, Cuba and the Dominican Republic and China.

Seventh Person Arrested in Deadly Immigrant Smuggling Case

By Juan A. Lozano, Associated Press Newswires, Dateline Houston, May 27, 2003
Norma Sanchez-Gonzalez is the seventh person to be arrested for her suspected
role in a people smuggling operation that killed 19 illegal immigrants in a sweltering
truck trailer in south Texas earlier this month.
Sanchez-Gonzalez was charged with conspiring to knowingly transport at least 73
illegal immigrants for financial gain which caused their serious injury and jeopardized
their lives.

Singapore Asks Illegal Workers to Come Forward for SARS Checks, May Not
Be Prosecuted
By Yeoh En-Lai, Associated Press Newswires, Dateline Singapore, May 26, 2003
Singapore officials are asking illegal immigrants with SARS symptoms to come
forward for treatment with the promise they would be sent home but perhaps not
prosecuted.
4B^ Wong Kan Seng, Singapore's minister for home affairs, is quoted as saying: "I am
appealing to illegal foreign workers (with SARS symptoms) to see a doctor. We are
prepared to consider their immigration or illegal employment offense
compassionately."
Last year, more than 10,000 illegal immigrants were arrested, but none yet have
been found with SARS. Nonetheless, officials are worried that illegal foreigners might
http ://usinfo. state. go v/regional/ea/chinaaliens/innewsmay03 .htm 3/18/2004
1-9 Enforcement — Loopholes in law Page 1 of 2

/ Agricultural Personnel Management Program

University of California

9/2/03 News Report - The Rocky Mountain News (Colorado)

Loopholes in law give employers wiggle room

by Javier Erik Olvera and Hector Gutierrez

For 17 years, federal law has required employers to check the identification of new hires to ensure they're eligible to
work legally in the United States.

They're supposed to look at Social Security cards, green cards, drivers licenses and keep copies on file in case federal
authorities come knocking.

But a recent raid at the Air Force Academy, and a similar one last year at Denver International Airport, rounded up
dozens of illegal workers suspected of faking Social Security numbers to work at those security-sensitive sites.

The raids underscore loopholes in the law that, as U.S. Rep. Tom Tancredo, R-Colo., puts it, allow employers "to
weasel out when they hire illegals."

The 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act was aimed at getting a grip on this country's illegal immigration and
employment.

The law lists documents that employers must look over after hiring someone, but it doesn't require them to be
detectives. As long as the paperwork appears to be legitimate, employers have done their duty and don't have to probe
any further.

"It's a big problem," said Mark Krikorian, executive director of the Washington, D.C.-based Center for Immigration
Studies. "It guts the intent of the law."

sial agent in charge of the Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement in Denver, said
investigators encounter many businesses that simply assume paperwork provided by workers is legitimate. But he also
noted that employers could risk a discrimination complaint by inquiring about whether an applicant is in the country
illegally.

"A vast majority of employers want to comply with the law," Chaparro said.

U.S. Attorney John Suthers said it's not the job of companies to investigate the background of applicants. But he's also
suspicious of claims by some employers who say they're unaware their workers are in the country illegally.

"There's no question in my mind that some of them take these documents knowing full well that they are fraudulent,"
Suthers said.

Tancredo, a staunch opponent of illegal immigration, is planning a bill that would require employers to check with
federal agencies to make sure documents are real and actually belong to the new hire.

Tancredo also wants employers to face stiffer penalties for hiring illegal workers.

In the three-state Colorado region, the highest fines since 1996 were not for hiring illegal immigrants but for failing to

http://are.berkeley.edu/APMP/pubs/i9news/loopholes090203.html 3/18/2004
 Page 1 of2

Joanne Accolla

From: Susan Ginsburg

Sent: Thursday, March 18, 2004 8:42 AM
To: Philip Zelikow; Chris Kojm; Dan Marcus; Steve Dunne
Cc: Doug MacEachin; Team 5
Subject: Terrorist mobility (sea)

Just wanted to pass this on from the Emerson clips - although we filed a simple request with the Navy this week based
on a couple of earlier media snippets and some CIA comments, I doubt I will get too much back, for instance, about the
intel ops mentioned below. We are unlikely to have time to delve into sea mobility/US vulnerability anyway, though
perhaps we can point to the Embassy bombings facts mentioned below if we have good documentation. The story does
confirm what we've been finding, that a useful approach for us is to center our material around the challenge of terrorist
mobility rather than entry into the US, even though that's necessarily our major focus.

AI-Qaeda's naval fleet

Critics question whether Canada is prepared to deal with 'Osama's navy'
David Pugliese
The Ottawa Citizen

Wednesday, March 17, 2004

They may only be a fleet of rusty freighters, but the ships, dubbed "Osama's navy"
by defence analysts, send chills down the corridors of intelligence agencies in
western nations.

For the last year and a half, U.S. and British spies have been trying to track the 15
freighters believed to be under the control of al-Qaeda and sailing somewhere in the
Indian and Pacific oceans. The fear is that the vessels, thought to be currently used
to transport weapons and equipment for the terrorist organization, could be turned
into floating suicide bombs.

The result, according to one intelligence analyst, would be a "Madrid at sea," a

reference to the alleged al-Qaeda attacks on the Spanish rail system that killed 201 For more than a year, U.S. and British
people. intelligence agencies have been trying
to track 15 freighters said to be under
the control of al-Qaeda and sailing
Last month, "Osama's Navy" was behind a security scare in Britain after a Scotland somewhere in the Indian and Pacific
Yard memo was leaked to the media warning that al-Qaeda planned to sail one of oceans. The ships are similar in size to
the vessels, outfitted with a chemical or radiological bomb, and detonate it in an the vessel pictured above, sailing into
English harbour. Vancouver harbour under the Lion's
Gate Bridge.
"These ships are not on the main sea routes, so it's difficult to detect them," said CREDIT: Chuck Stoody, The Canadian
John Thompson, a terrorism expert with the Mackenzie Institute in Toronto. Press

Canadian government officials say they are aware of the intelligence reports about the al-Qaeda fleet. But defence analysts
and members of the Senate question how prepared Canada is to deal with such a maritime threat.

A Senate report issued in October warned that Canada's coastlines, and even inland waterways, are open to potential attack
since federal agencies are not properly equipped to deal with the problem.

The U.S. is taking steps to deal with the threat. In December, the Pentagon launched a series of classified reconnaissance
satellites designed to track potential terrorist movements at sea. The new U.S. budget has also set aside $400 million U.S. for
border and port security improvements.

3/18/2004