Rooftop Revolution: Unleashing Delhis Solar Potential

About

Rooftop Revolution - Unleashing Delhis Solar Potential

The report is part of Greenpeaces campaign Switch on the Sun. The campaign emphasizes the effectiveness of solar as an energy solution to Delhis power needs. The report provides arguments, analysis and data to the Delhi government, its distribution companies (DISCOMS) and the people of Delhi to show why solar makes sense for the city. Within the last decade, Delhis electricity demand rose by an average 6% every year. From 20 billion units in 2002, the demand in all likelihood will reach over 33 billion units by 2017, a 65% growth. Given Indias growing power decit, the rising cost of power and Delhis rapidly growing power demand, it will be difcult to maintain the current level of supply stability in the years to come. Further, for more than 70% of its power, the city relies on other states, which places Delhis power supply in a vulnerable position.

What?

Why?

Delhis current solar RPO is a mere 0.35% by 2017, much lower than in other states. A supposed lack of available space for solar PV in the urbanized and congested city is considered to be a barrier. However, this holds true only if large, ground mounted installations are considered.
This report shows that the potential for rooftop-based solar PV systems in Delhi is signicant and achievable.

Source: BTI market analysis, based on data from various state tariff orders BRIDGE TO INDIA, 2011 2

Our approach

Delhi can reach 2 GW by 2020

2013

Parity driven (no government incen1ves)

2020 DELHI 2GW

Geographic perspective

How much suitable rooftop space is available in Delhi?

Viability perspective When will solar make sense for Delhis power consumers? (Without government subsidies)

Grid perspective How much solar PV can Delhis grid accommodate? (Without signicant investments)

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Geographic perspective

With 1,6% of its space, Delhi could have over 2,5 GW of solar installations
1.6% 17%
of Delhis power demand in 2020 of Delhis land

National Capital Territory

Source: BTI market analysis, based on data from various state tariff orders BRIDGE TO INDIA, 2011 4

Geographic perspective

Delhis residential buildings have the highest solar potential with over 1.2 GW
Potential for rooftop solar power generation for different land area types

4.5 k m2

2 4.5 km

14.9 km 2
0.03 k 2 m

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Viability perspective

Government buildings have already reached parity residential consumer will come only in 2018
Delhi rooftop solar market size and viability (MW)

Solar for government consumers is already viable in 2013, if projects are bundled into individual project sizes of 2 MW. This provides scale to the installer who would save on engineering, procurement and logistics.

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Viability perspective

PV costs vary signicantly with system size

Solar costs in 2013 for different system sizes in India

Over 50% cost reduction per kWp installed through scale from 1-4 kWp to 500+ kWp

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Grid perspective

The grid should be able to absorb 20% of solar power

Grid handling capacity vs expected solar growth

A per the US Federal Energy Regulatory Commission , a traditional grid can accommodate up to 15% of the peak load from distributed solar PV without being destabilized, while managing load uctuations easily In some countries/cases PV penetration has exceeded 15% without destabilizing the grid. E.g. In Germany renewable power has made up more than 50% of overall power on its grid The report assumes that with better forecasting and standardized connectivity Delhis grid can accommodate 20% of PV penetration

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Roadmap

Parity-driven roadmap to reach 2 GW by 2020

Phase 1 Immediate parity in 2013 for bundled government projects All industrial and commercial consumers reach parity Government and industrial type 2 exhaust potential Phase 2 Sharp ramp up in residential capacity due to parity Commercial type 1 and 2 and industrial type 1 exhaust potential by 2018

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Stakeholders

Solar can be a win-win-win for all stakeholders

Consumers

Save on electricity costs Hedge against increasing grid prices Additional income from power generation or rooftop leasing Green power and/or CSR Supply security through localized generation With strained fossil fuel supplies , the need of curtailing carbon emissions and rising power demand, solar could be a business opportunity Better load management Grid stabilization

DISCOMS Energy security Low and stable power costs Creating job opportunities Green leadership Innovation and new technology push

Government
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Recommendations

Instead of funding solar PV, the government should facilitate it

Predictable, realis8c, long-term policy
Communication

Government projects

Skills

Aggregate the buildings and tender them out to RESCOs Own pilots as test-case and a demonstration

Support solar technical courses on PV installations in educational institutions Encourage local solar installation/ entrepreneurs through preferential loans

Grid

challenges Analyze technical Support gas-red power generation for balancing Provide clear and simple guidelines, standardized permitting and connectivity procedures Support forecasting and enable utilities to manage transition
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3 4

Financing
Provide strong payment guarantees for government projects Set up a risk guarantee fund for banks to lend more readily Support banks in developing nancial solutions (e.g., EMIs for solar home systems)

Solar Map for Delhi Rooftop viability check Demonstration projects on transport facilities to make idea real Solar feasibility workshops for commercial and industrial customers

International case studies

Delhi can be a global leader and can also learn from other cities

New York Installed capacity (2013) Initiatives 14 MW Renewable Portfolio Standard New York PV incentive program New York solar map

San Francisco 23 MW Renewable Portfolio Standard California Solar Initiative (CSI) incentive program California solar map Mayors solar Founder circle GoSolar SF subsidy program

Berlin 98 MW Nationwide feed-in tariff Solar Atlas Berlin

Beijing 15 MW Beijing sunshine schools program supported by the World bank Golden sunlight demonstration projects

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Reading on

For more information, please download the report

The report Rooftop Revolution is available in two versions: Full report (95 pages) with the following chapters: 1 Executive Summary 2 Introduction 3 Solar resource availability of Delhi 4 Delhis geographic potential for solar rooftop installations 5 Delhis existing solar policies and incentives 6 Integration of solar PVchapters) with the grid 7 The viability of rooftop solar PV 8 Business models for rooftop solar 9 Why rooftop solar works for stakeholders 10 Delhi solar roadmap: reaching 2 GW by 2020 11 Government policy recommendations Short version (15 page summary)

The report can be downloaded on: www.bridgetoindia.com/our-reports

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We are happy to support you in all further queries

Contact Jasmeet.khurana@bridgetoindia.com

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