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WHAT IS A BRIDGE?
The purpose of a bridge is to get people and their belongings from one side of an EXPANSE (a depression or obstacle) to the other. The expanse can be a landform, like a valley, a street, a river or lake, etc. Bridges can be for cars, trains, busses, bikes, or pedestrians (people walking).
TYPES OF BRIDGES
There are many types of bridges. The type chosen depends on materials available, size of the expanse, objects to go across, and more. The main 3 types of bridges are beam, arch, and suspension.
BEAM BRIDGES
Beam bridges are a single beam across an expanse supported by piers. Piers can be used at points in the middle of the span (distance across), between the end piers. Beam bridges usually arent used for spans of more than about 250 feet.
ARCH BRIDGES
Arch bridges offer natural strength. While theyre being built, they are very unstable. But once the spans are connected, they become very strong.
SUSPENSION BRIDGES
These are complex modern structures The bridge bed (or deck) is suspended (held up) by cables
OTHER BRIDGES
There are lots of other types of bridges. These are variations on the main three types. What category do you think these types fit into?
Covered Bridge Transporter
Pontoon
OTHER BRIDGES
Moon
Trestle
Clapper
Girder
Cantilever
TRUSSES
Look at these bridges. Notice that they all are made up of triangular shapes. These triangular sections are called Triangular Trusses. Trusses are a framework of beams forming a rigid structure. In construction and architecture, the triangle is stronger than the rectangle. Why do you think that is?