SUBJECT INDEX

Ablation 166 Aerophysics range 168 Aircraft classical 10, 23 effect of turbulence on design of 223 long-range transport 30 response history of 227 turbulence history of 223 Anemometer 195 Area rule 70, 71, 75 Aspect ratio effective 24 structural 26 Atmospheric constituents, concentrations of 141 turbulence 179 Biekley's criterion 16, 37, 38 Blade profile drag of 101 tip clearance of 115 twist of 106, 115 Blade design 106 Blade pitch 105 control of 111 optimum 105 Body, waisted 40, 43, 65, 69 differentially 41, 77 Boundary layer control 110, 116 Boundary layer in hypersonic flow 143 transition of 148 Breguet equation 10 Chordwise loading 53 Circulation control 110 Compressor, (static) efficiency of 91 Continuous arc tunnel 162, 173 Correlation function Lagrangian 187 longitudinal 188 space 187 time 187 transverse 188 Critical Mach number 14, 16 Critical pressure coefficient 17 Cross-spectra 192 Diffusion in stable layers 202 Drag due to boundary layer 32 due to thickness 33 spanwise distribution of 32-36, 61 vortex 6, 32 wave 6 Duct deformed 111 shape of 104, 105 skin friction on 101 Ducted fan, ducted propeller see Propeller, ductcd Eddy viscosity 200 Efficiency hovering 91 propulsive 99, 100 static 90 Electron density 163 Ensemble of random functions Entropy, change of 144 Ergodic property 183

183

90,

Fan-in-wing 90, 95, 112 Far-field approach to design problem 6-9, 70, 75 Figure of merit 91, 92, 100 Flow non-continuum 149 slip 149 supercritical 37, 38, 51 Flow field freeze principle 146 Flying platform 111 Free flight wind tunnel 166 Frequency response function 193,197 Function, random 183
211

Gravity waves, in atmosphere Gun tunnel 159, 172 237

components, measurcmcnts 195 at a fixed point 195 from airplanes 196 with tracers 196 Gust intensity 199 Gust velocity derived 224 effective 18 1 spectra of 218 Gustiness 181 vertical, variance of 204

Gust

of

Lapse ral,e 194 a( tiarmt,ic: I 94 l,allnCh~?1 design 168 Hot-Shot 170 Lift distribution, spanwise 39, 55 Limiting lift coefficient 19 wave-number for isotropy 213 Linearized theory direct problems of 44, 75 indirect problems of 44 Low density tunnel 162, 172 Mean value 184 Near field approach to design problem 6, 8, 39 Nozzle design 151, 153

Hot-shot tunnel 161, 172 Hovering efficiency 91 Hypersonic facility 137, 144 using helium 146, 150 Hypersonic flight, simulation of 144 low density effects in 148, 162 Hypersonic tunnel 149, 172 heaters for 151 nozzles for 151 supply pressure for 149, 150 supply temperature for 149. 150 using helium 150 windows in 152 Hypervelocity facility 145, 146, 152 instrumentation for 165 nozzle melting in 153 running time of 154 simulation of heat transfer in 148 Hypervelocity range 163, 172 heat transfer and ablation in 166 instrumentation for 164 launcher design for 168 limitations on operating conditions of 163 stability measurements in 165 Impulse, specific 10 Incidence effective 53 induced 52 Input-output relations Jeep, aerial 111 Jets, plasma 162 Jet stream 210 Knudsen number Kort nozzle 89 144

192

Prandtl-Glauert analogy 52 correction 98 factor 50 Pressure gradient adverse, boundary layer in an 40 boundary layer in a 38 Propeller loading coefficient 100 thrust coefficient 99 Propellers, ducted 85 airplane using 88 auxiliary devices for 110 enormity of design problem of 94 experimental work on 103 compared with theory 109 indoor tests of models of 103, 114 interaction between 112 measured pressure distribution of 108 optimum design of 110, 114 outdoor tests of 103 power of 98, 107 static operation of theory of 96, 102 experiments on 103, 126 survey of published work on 93 Symposium on 90, 133 theoretical problem of 95 thrust of 98, 107

SUBJECT INDEX

239

Propellers--continued
t u n n e l tests of 88, 103-104, 115 with axial flow 95 b y method of singularities 96 b y m o m e n t u m methods 98 effect of n u m b e r of blades 98 experiments on 104, 128 with non-axial flow 95 equivalent fJ/D of 106 experiments on 104, 129 pitching m o m e n t of 107, 108 theory of 97, 101, 102 R a n d o m process Gaussian 186 homogeneous 185 stationary 185 Real gas effects 145 Relaxation effects 146 Response history of aircraft 227 Richardson n u m b e r 200 Roof-top pressure distribution 18 Rotor cloud 212 Roughness length 194 Separation 5 in hypersonic testing 148 shock-induced 38, 43 Shock tube 157 r u n n i n g time of 157 Shock tube tunnel 157, 172 reflected shock 159 Shroud, drag of 100 Shroud shape bell-mouth 114 efficient 113 Shroud technique in hypersonic testing 148 Skeleton of the flow 7 Slip flow 149 Slipstream rotation 101 Spanwise loading 54 Spectrum (function) cross- 192 horizontal wind speed 214 near the ground 217 of lateral velocity component 220 of vertical velocity 218 power 190 Spoilers, for ducted propellers 111 Standard deviation 184

Taylor's hypothesis 189 Temperature, stagnation at 200,000 ft. 142 in test facility 146 Thermodynamic equilibrium 143, 146 in hypervelocity nozzle 153-155 Thrust coefficient, propeller 99 Thrust, division of 91, 99, 100, 107 Thunderstorm Project 208 Tracers 196 Trajectories of ballistic and glide vehicles 140 Turbulence, atmospheric 179 clear air 210 effect on aircraft design of 223 in clouds 208 isotropic 213 m o u n t a i n wave 212 Turbulence decay of 215 inertial subrange of 215 intensity of 200 isotropic 185, 213 locally isotropic 186 Turbulence llfe history of aircraft 223 Turbulent kinetic energy 199

Vanes for measuring wind direction 195 inletand exit,for dueted propellers III Variance 184 lateral a n d longitudinal 207 of horizontal and vertical velocity 206 VG and VGH recorders 223 Vibrational mode 142 Vortex drag 6 m i n i m m n 39 Vortex ring 63, 96, 102 VTOL vehicles using ducted fans 110 stability and control of 111 ground effect on 112 v a n der Waal effect 143
Warp 11, 39, 75 Wave drag 6 due to lift 23, 36 Jones' lower bound for

23

240

SUBJECT INDEX

Wind shear 194 Wing, infinite sheared 14 M - 26 ring 102 calculation methods for design of 43 effect of curved tip of 40 flow over 30

Wing---continued
of finite aspect ratio 22 Wing-fuselage combination, design methods for 63:67 Wing section 15 design methods for 45 Wing thickness/chord ratio 15 variation across span of 39 Wing tip, shape of 40