PASSIVE VOICE: Passive tenses

Present Simple Passive: AM/IS/ARE + past participle ACTIVE: You place an order one day and they deliver your groceries the next. PASSIVE: An order is placed one day and the groceries are delivered the next. Present Continuous Passive: AM/IS/ARE + being + past participle ACTIVE: They are building a new school and creating two new roads for access. PASSIVE: A new school is being built and two new roads are being created for access. Present Perfect Passive: HAVE/HAS + been + past participle ACTIVE: Ive prepared the turkey and peeled the tomatoes. PASSIVE: The turkey has been prepared and the tomatoes have been peeled. Past Simple Passive: WAS/WERE + past participle ACTIVE: Air Canada cancelled our flight and stranded us in Vancouver. PASSIVE: Our flight was cancelled and we were stranded in Vancouver. Past Continuous Passive: WAS/WERE + being + past participle ACTIVE: They were cleaning the floor and washing the windows earlier today. PASSIVE: The floor was being cleaned and the windows were being washed earlier today. Past Perfect Passive: HAD + been + past participle ACTIVE: Everyone had warned me about the weather before I went to Scotland. PASSIVE: I had been warned about the weather before I went to Scotland.

Modal Passives
-Simple Modal Passives: CAN/MAY/WILL/etc + be + past participle The police will arrest violent demonstrators. So, if you are violent, you will be arrested. (We use could/might/would/ etc + be +past participle to form the past) -Modal Perfect Passives: Modal + have been + past participle Tony didnt study for the test. His answers must have been copied from someone else. -Phrasal Modal Passives (Present or Past) BE GOING TO/HAVE TO + be + past participle Someone has to tell Chris to stop interrupting. Chris has to be told to stop interrupting. Are you going to need this extra paper? Is this extra paper going to be needed?

Reporting in the Passive

-We can use a present passive reporting verb + infinitive to distance ourselves from the truth of a current report. The rebels are near the capital. The rebels are reported to be near the capital.

1. Translate the following sentences. a. I was told that if I didnt drive carefully, I would be stopped in the future. b. The fire was started deliberately and spread very quickly. c. I realise that you were overcharged, but nothing can be done without a receipt. d. All visitors must be given an identity badge. e. The publicity was excellent. The posters were made by Mr Williams. f. The results will be sent out to candidates in six to eight weeks. g. He is said to the greatest drummer alive.

2. Re-write these sentences in the active or passive. Translate. a. Theyve transferred my money into my account. b. Theyll probably give you a grant. c. Theyre interviewing the candidates now. d. The locals greeted us with kindness. e. They must receive your proposals by next week. f. He was bitten by a dog. It must have hurt him badly.

3. Complete the sentences, using appropriate forms of these verbs in combination. Translate. Request/keep report/die not mention/receive tell/not use

Example: Dog owners are requested to keep their dogs under control in the park. a. The students.their computers yesterday because of a virus. b. Mr Harmans first wife .in a boating accident two years ago. c. It..earlier, but six more applications last week.