THE ADVERB

adjective Mandy is a careful girl. She is very careful. adverb Mandy drives carefully.

Mandy is a careful driver. This sentence is about Mandy, the driver, so use the adjective. Mandy drives carefully. This sentence is about her way of driving, so use the adverb.

Form Adjective + -ly adjective dangerous careful nice horrible easy electronic adverb dangerously carefully nicely horribly easily electronically good fast hard irregular forms well fast hard

If the adjective ends in -y, change -y to -i. Then add -ly. happy - happily but: shy - shyly

If the adjective ends in -le, the adverb ends in -ly. Example: terrible - terribly

If the adjective ends in -e, then add -ly. Example: safe - safely

adjectives ending in -ly: friendly, silly, lonely, ugly nouns, ending in -ly: ally, bully, Italy, melancholy verbs, ending in -ly: apply, rely, supply There is no adverb for an adjective ending in -ly.

Use of adverbs to modify verbs: The soccer team played badly last Saturday. to modify adjectives: It was an extemely bad match. to modify adverbs: The soccer team played extremely badly last Wednesday. to modify quantities: There are quite a lot of people here. to modify sentences: Unfortunately, the flight to Dallas had been cancelled.

Types of adverbs 1) of manner quickly kindly 2) of degree very rather 3) of frequency often sometimes 4) of time now today 5) of place here nowhere

How do know whether to use an adjective or an adverb? John is a careful driver. -> In this sentences we say how John is - careful. If we want to say that the careful John did not drive the usual way yesterday - we have to use theadverb: John did not drive carefully yesterday. Here is another example: I am a slow walker. (How am I? -> slow -> adjective) I walk slowly. (Ho do I walk? -> slowly -> adverb)

Adjective or Adverb after special verbs Both adjectives and adverbs may be used after look, smell and taste. Mind the change in meaning. Here are two examples: adjective The pizza tastes good. (How is the pizza?) Peter's feet smell bad. (How are his feet?) adverb Jamie Oliver can taste well. (How can Jamie Oliver taste?) Peter can smell badly. (How can Peter smell?)

Do not get confused with good/well. Linda looks good. (What type of person is she?) Linda looks well. (How is Linda? -> She may have been ill, but now she is fit again.) How are you? - I'm well, thank you.
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A - Comparison with -er/-est 1) all adverbs with one syllable positive fast high hard comperative faster higher harder superlative fastest highest (the) hardest

1) the adverb early positive early comperative earlier superlative earliest

B - Comparison with more - most adverbs ending on -ly (except: early) positive carefully comperative more carefully superlative (the) most carefully

C - Irregular adverbs positive well badly much little far comperative superlative better worse more less farther further best worst most least farthest furthest

These adverbs have two forms: without -ly fair free high late most near pretty right wrong with -ly fairly freely highly lately mostly nearly prettily rightly wrongly

1) Our friends must write a test. (also) 2) I was joking. (only) 3) Did you enjoy the flight? (both) 4) Mary watches TV. (hardly) (ever) 5) He drives his car. (carefully) 6) The children play football. (in the garden) 7) We went to the cinema. (yesterday) 8) John fell off the bike. (almost)

1) He listens to the radio. (often) 2) They read a book. (sometimes) 3) Pete gets angry. (never) 4) Tom is very friendly. (usually) 5) I take sugar in my coffee. (sometimes) 6) Ramon and Frank are hungry. (often) 7) My grandmother goes for a walk in the evening. (always) 8) Walter helps his father in the kitchen. (usually)

9) Her boyfriend will buy her some flowers. (probably) 9) They watch TV in the afternoon. (never) 10) My uncle is moving to Stockholm soon. (definitely) 10) Christine smokes. (never)

Find the adjective in the first sentence and fill in the blanks with the corresponding adverb. 1. James is careful. He drives ....................... 2. The girl is slow. She walks ........................ 3. Her English is perfect. She speaks English ................. 4. Our teacher is angry. She shouts ............... 5. My neighbor is a loud speaker. He speaks .................. 6. He is a bad writer . He writes ................... 7. Jane is a nice guitar player. He plays the guitar .................... 8. He is a good painter . He paints ........................ 9. She is a quiet girl. She does her job ......................... 10. This exercise is easy. You can do it ........................ Write down the correct form of the word in brackets (adjective or adverb). 1. Tom is (slow) .......................... He works ...................... 2. Sue is a (careful) ...........................girl. She climbed up the ladder ........................ 3. The dog is (angry) ......................It barks .................. 4. He acted (excellent) .........................He's an ..............actor. 5. They learn English (easy) .................................They think English is an .......................language. 6. Max is a (good) ...............................singer. He sings .......................... 7. It's (awful) .........................cold today. The cold wind is ........................... 8. Dogs rely on their noses as they can smell (extreme / good) ......................... If that is true, why does dog food smell so (terrible) ......................... 9. The little boy looked (sad) ......................I went over to comfort him and he looked at me ............................ 10. I tasted the soup (careful) ..........................but it tasted (wonderful) ........................ 4

1) Our friends must write a test. Our friends must also write a test. 2) I was joking. I was only joking. 3) Did you enjoy the flight? Did you both enjoy the flight? 4) Mary watches TV. Mary hardly ever watches TV. 5) He drives his car. He drives his car carefully. 6) The children play football. The children play football in the garden. 7) We went to the cinema. We went to the cinema yesterday. 8) John fell off the bike. John almost fell off the bike. 9) Her boyfriend will buy her some flowers. Her boyfriend will probably buy her some flowers. 10) My uncle is moving to Stockholm soon. My uncle is definitely moving to Stockholm soon.

1) He listens to the radio. He often listens to the radio. 2) They read a book. They sometimes read a book. 3) Pete gets angry. Pete never gets angry. 4) Tom is very friendly. Tom is usually very friendly. 5) I take sugar in my coffee. I sometimes take sugar in my coffee. 6) Ramon and Frank are hungry. Ramon and Frank are often hungry. 7) My grandmother goes for a walk in the evening. My grandmother always goes for a walk in the evening. 8) Walter helps his father in the kitchen. Walter usually helps his father in the kitchen. 9) They watch TV in the afternoon. They never watch TV in the afternoon. 10) Christine smokes. Christine never smokes.

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Find the adjective in the first sentence and fill in the blanks with the corresponding adverb. James is careful. He drives carefully . The girl is slow. She walks slowly. Her English is perfect. She speaks English perfectly. Our teacher is angry. She shouts angrily . My neighbor is a loud speaker. He speaks loudly. He is a bad writer . He writes badly. Jane is a nice guitar player. He plays the guitar nicely. He is a good painter . He paints well. She is a quiet girl. She does her job quietly. This exercise is easy. You can do it easily. Write down the correct form of the word in brackets (adjective or adverb). Tom is slow. He works slowly . Sue is a careful girl. She climbed up the ladder carefully . The dog is angry. It barks angrily . He acted excellently. He's an excellent actor. They learn English easily. They think English is an easy language. Max is a good singer. He sings well . It's awfully cold today. The cold wind is awful . Dogs rely on their noses as they can smell extremely well. If that is true, why does dog food smell so terrible . .

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9. The little boy looked sad. I went over to comfort him and he looked at me sadly 10. I tasted the soup carefully but it tasted wonderful