Mike Gibson.

FAE Echelon Corporation

Introduction to LonWorks and LonMark Open Systems

May 11, 2011

11:00AM 12:00PM

Agenda
Welcome and Introductions LONWORKS / LonMark the Mission LONWORKS - the Technology LONMARK - the Organization

LONMARK
THE MISSION

Computer Network
Standardized Compatible products Interchangeable Interoperable Customizable Cost-efficient Multi-vendor Freedom of choice
4

Computer Network

Operator Interface

Enterprise Solutions

IP/Ethernet LAN

Switch/Router

Computer Network

Device Network
Standardized Compatible products Interchangeable Interoperable Customizable Cost-efficient Multi-vendor Freedom of choice
6

History of LON Adoption / Time

ISO Standard 14908 Further Standards Adoption Buildings, Gas Stations, Kitchen Equipment Homes, Buildings, Trains, Freight Trains, Semiconductor Manufacturing ASIA Buildings, Controls, Homes Standardized as ANSI/CEA-709.1-B Became more commonly known as LON technology or simply, LON

LonMark International

The LonWorks Platform

1990

2011

rke Ma tA o pti do n

Larger Markets Served

HVAC/R Building Lighting Kitchen Equipment Transportation Home Automation Smart Grid

Integrated Building Automation

Remote Monitoring and Control

FIRE
Functionality checks Detector service Fire, Life, Safety

LIGHTING
Schedules Occupancy Sensing

LIFTS
Breakdown Maintenance Traffic Performance

SECURITY
Doors PIR Integration

COMMUNICATIONS
Voice/Video/Data

ACCESS
Doors Buildings Occupancy Feed Forward

24/7 Monitoring
Breakdown Plant Tuning Conditioned Monitoring Car Park Utilisation

ENERGY
Utility Monitoring (Elec/Water/Gas/Oil) Tenant Building Air/Water Heat Lighting Back-up Generation

HVAC
Air-Handling Unit Boilers Pumps Fans Energy Control Variable Air Volume Air Quality

QSR - LonWorks Connected Kitchen

In-Store Applications
Food Production Management Product Quality Monitoring Equipment Configuration Crew Management Customer Interface

Enterprise Applications
Operations Management Inventory Management Product Development Equipment Performance Remote Diagnostics & Repair
Firewall / VPN / Router

Store Ethernet / IP LAN LonWorks Interface Embedded Production Supervisor Production Alarm Management Operations Scheduler Data Logging

FT-10

FT-10 / PL-20 Router

Lighting HVAC

PL-20

Refrigeration Signage Drive-thru Control Kitchen Equipment

New Markets
Street Lighting Demand Side Management Solar Energy

Trends lead to Open, Simple, Integrated

Standards Based
LON Is

Solid Technology Foundation

LON Is

Proven, Reliable, Secure, Accepted, Adopted

LON Is

Flexible, Scaleable Solutions

LON Is

No Built-In Obsolescence
LON Is

THE TECHNOLOGY

LONMARK

LONWORKS Platform
Open System Building Blocks
Building an open system platform

Design, and Installation Standards Network Infrastructure Standards HMI/Installation Standards

LONMARK System Definition

Standardized Device FBs Standardized System FBs

LONMARK Functional Profiles

Standard Data Types Standard Configuration Properties Function Blocks (FB) Device data exchange Standard Network Management Network Variable Services

LONMARK Object Model

ANSI/EIA 709.1 Communications Protocol

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LonMark Standards - ISO/IEC 14908

ANSI/EIA/CEA-709.1 Protocol

An open standard protocol for control applications

Reference document available from Global Engineering

Protocol implementations are available from multiple vendors

Protocol can be ported to any processor Echelons implementation is called the LonTalk protocol Echelons Neuron firmware includes the LonTalk protocol Echelon development systems include a royalty-free unlimited license to use the Neuron firmware implementation

15

EIA-709.1 Protocol Layers

709.1 Implements the ISO standard 7 Layers

Many other control protocols implement only 3 or 4 layers

Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical

Physical Physical Media Media

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ANSI/EIA/CEA-709.1 Protocol Layers

OSI Layer
7 Application

Purpose
Application Compatibility

Services Provided
Network Configuration; Network Diagnostics; File Transfer; Application Configuration; Application Specification; Alarming; Data Logging; Scheduling Network Variables; Application Messages; Foreign Frame Transmission; Standard Types Request-Response (NWM,Polling); Authentication Acknowledged & Unacknowledged Message Delivery; Duplicate Detection Unicast & Multicast Addressing; Routers Framing; Data Encoding; CRC Error Checking; Predictive CSMA; Collision Avoidance; Priority & Collision Detection Media-Specific Interfaces and Modulation Schemes (twisted pair, power line, radio frequency, coaxial cable, infrared, fiber optic)

Presentation

Data Interpretation

5 4

Session Transport

Control End-to-End Reliability

3 2

Network Link

Message Delivery Media Access and Framing

Physical

Electrical Interconnect

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A Typical EIA-709.1 Packet

Layer 2 Layer 3 Layer 4 Layer 5/ 6 Layer 2 DATA Header Address Information Service Type Header CRC
2 Bytes Network Variable Selector Service Type ID Transaction Num Addr Format, Domain Length Source Addr (Subnet/Node) Dest Addr (Group) Domain ID (Zero Len Domain) Backlog Priority Alt Path
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Unsigned Long

2 Bytes 2 Bytes

1 Byte 1 Byte 2 Bytes 1 Byte 0 Bytes 1 Byte 12 Bytes

Layer 1Physical Layer

Electrical interconnect
Transmission of bits over a communication channel (on the wire)

800ns @ 1.25Mbps
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LONMARK Channel Types

Name
FO-20L FO-20S IP-852 PL-20A PL-20C

Media
Fiber Optic Fiber Optic EIA/CEA-852 IP Tunneling CENELEC A-band Power Line CENELEC C-band Power Line w/access protocol CENELEC C-band Power Line w/o access protocol Free Topology Twisted Pair RS-485 Twisted Pair Transformer-Isolated Twisted Pair

Bit Rate
1.25Mbps 1.25Mbps N/A 2613bps 3987bps

Definition
ANSI/EIA/CEA-709.4 ANSI/EIA/CEA-709.4 ANSI/EIA/CEA-852 ANSI/EIA/CEA-709.2 ANSI/EIA/CEA-709.2

Standard
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

PL-20N

3987bps

ANSI/EIA/CEA-709.2

Yes

TP/FT-10 TP/RS485-39 TP/XF-1250

78.13kbps 39.06kbps 1.25Mbps

ANSI/EIA/CEA-709.3 EIA/TIA-232-E LONMARK Interoperability Guidelines

Yes Yes Yes

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LONMARK Channels Types

Some Common Standard Channels
IP-852 Channel
~ 35,000 PPS on 10baseT(10 Mbit) scales with channel (100/1000 Mbit) Supports aggregation

IP Backbone
(Switched 100Mbit,Gigabit Ethernet)

TP/XF-1250 Channel
~ 720 Peak / 576 Sustained PPS

1.25 Mbps

FT-10 Channel
~ 220 Peak / 180 Sustained PPS

78 Kbps 5 Kbps

PL-20 Channel
~ 20 PPS

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ANSI/EIA/CEA 709.3-A
TP/FT-10 Channel
Singly-Terminated Bus Topology Star Topology Doubly-Terminated Bus Topology

Mixed Topology Loop Topology

= Termination

Unshielded & Shielded Twisted pair

Level IV, CAT 5, 24AWG ,16AWG Polarity insensitive wiring
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64 (128 linked power) devices on a single channel segment

Physical LayerTP/FT-10
Link Power
Actuator Power and network data carried +5VDC power over a common twisted wire pair Sensor

LPT-11 LPT-10 Device Node

Power is supplied by a common central power supply

48VDC 48VDC Power Power Supply Supply

LPT-11 LPT-10 Node Device

To additional LPT-11 LPT-10 Device nodes LPT-10 LPT-11 Node

LPI-10 LPI-10 Link Power Interface Interface

No power supplies required in any of the devices in the network when used with the LPT-11 Link Power Transceiver Supports free topology wiring architecture

Device
LPT-10 LPT-11 Node Device

LPT-11 LPT-10 Node Device

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Link LayerMedia Access Priority

Busy Channel Packet Cycle 1 2 3 ... n Priority Slots Non-priority Slots

Packet

Packet

Configurable priority messages

Reserved time slot Reduces overall channel bandwidth

Priority slot number is assigned at installation time No collisions possible during priority portion of packet cycle following preceding packet Highest priority message has predictable response time
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Layer 3Network Layer

Message delivery
1 SUBNET 1 127

How data frames are routed from a source device to one or more destination devices

Physical address
1 SUBNET 2 127

48-bit Neuron IDused for initial configuration

SUBNET 3 127

Logical addresses
Domain
127

GROUP 1 1 SUBNET 4

Subnet Node Group

SUBNET 255 127 DOMAIN (32,385 Devices)

Identifies subsystem on open media or large system Subset of a domain typically associated with a channel Identifies device within subnet Additional device identifiers independent of subnet

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Network Layer
Addressing Modes
Address Mode Domain-wide Broadcast Subnet-wide Broadcast Unicast Multicast Address Format Domain (Subnet = 0) Domain, Subnet Domain, Subnet, Node Domain, Group Destination All devices in the domain All devices in the subnet Specific device within a subnet All devices in the group Specific device Address Size (bytes)

3 3 4 3 9

Neuron ID

Domain, Neuron-ID

Optimize bandwidth with multiple addressing modes Application communications only requires 3- or 4-byte network addresses Send messages to many devices using only a single 3-byte network address
26

Network Layer
Capacity
18,446,744,073,726,329,086 domains 255 subnets per domain 127 devices per subnet 32,385 devices per domain 256 groups per domain 64 devices per acknowledged group 32,385 devices per unacknowledged group

27

LONMARK 709.1 Network Routers

IP Backbone
(Switched 100Mbit,Gigabit Ethernet)

Connect channels together

R R

Extend Length Devices count Isolate Electronic noise Network traffic

28

LONMARK 709.1 Network Routers

Application Frameworks with 709.1 Interfaces
Workstations
Laptop computers

LONWORKS/IP Backbone
(LAN-Switched 100Mbit,Gigabit Ethernet or WAN/Internet)

709.1 System Level Routing

Provides Direct LONMARK Object Binding (Connections)

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Layer 4 - Transport Layer

Provides reliable delivery of message packets Three message delivery services
Acknowledged
Sending device requires acknowledgment from all receiving devices All acknowledgments are end-to-end Automatic retries if acknowledgement not received

R
Acknowledged - Unicast

R R R R
Acknowledged - Multicast

Repeated
Configurable number of messages per transaction Conserves bandwidth with large groups Better response time Three repeats provides > 99.999% probability of delivery

S
RepeatedUnicast or Multicast

Unacknowledged
One message per transaction Conserves network bandwidth and provides highest performance

R
Unacknowledged Unicast or Multicast

Duplicate detection prevents repeated messages to the application

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Layer 5 - Session Layer

Adds control to the data exchanged by the lower layers Request/response service
R R R

Used for device management, fetching values, and requesting other remote actions

Authentication
Verifies identity of message sender

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Session Layer
Authentication
Sender
Authenticated Message 64 bit Random Challenge Key used to transform challenge Challenge Response Acknowledgment

Receiver

Key used to compare response to value transformed locally.

Verifies identity of message sender Uses a 48-bit secret key known by each device Sender must provide correct reply to 64-bit random challenge from the receiver
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Interoperability Guidelines
Data interpretation
Standard representation of data types

Standardized functional behavior of a nodes

LONMARK objects encapsulated network interaction of defined functions

Standardized support of smooth and trouble free installation

Self documentation of a network oriented external interface Guidelines for Network Management

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Standard Network Variable Types

Are The Core Of Interoperability
SNVT_temp SNVT_angle SNVT_speed SNVT_elapsed_tm SNVT_lev_cont SNVT_ascii SNVT_count Temperature Phase/Rotation Speed Elapsed Time Continuous Level ASCII String Events Degrees Celsius degree Radians Meters/Sec HH:MM:SS Percent Characters Count -274..6271 0 - 65 0 - 6553 0 - 65535 days 0 - 100% 30 Chars 0 - 65535 0.1 0.001 rads 0.1 m/s 1 msec 0.5% N/A 1 Count

Ref: SNVT Master List und Programmers Guide

Layer 6 - Presentation Layer

Room Temp Temp Set Point Temp Sensor (Made in USA)

Boiler System (Made in Europe)

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Setpoint Display (Made in Korea)

Set Point

Data exchanged using network variables

Propagation automatically handled by Neuron firmware Provides fastest and most compact code

Devices from different manufacturers can exchange data with a common interpretation

Presentation LayerUsing Network Variables

Motion

Room Occupied Brightness

Feedback

Motion Detector
Key Code

Lamp
0% - 100%

Control Knob
Intruder

Alarm

Key Pad

Arm / Disarm

Alarm Bell

Sensors publish information, and actuators subscribe to the information of interest to them!
36

Presentation LayerAdding Devices

Motion Room Occupied Brightness
Feedback

Motion Detector

Lamp
0% - 100% Key Code

Control Knob
Intruder Arm / Disarm

Alarm

Key Pad

Alarm Bell

Devices are logically connected (bound) together without affecting the application program in the device!
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Presentation Layer Standard Network Variable Types

38

Presentation LayerStandard Formatting

Standard formatting for standard types ensures consistent data presentation in tools and HMIs Example
A SNVT_temp_p value of 2940 is displayed as follows:

29.4 degrees C 84.9 degrees F 52.9 degrees F

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Application Layer
Configuration Properties

40

Application LayerNetwork Configuration and Diagnostics

Network Management and Diagnostic Messages
Query Status Proxy Command Clear Status Query Transceiver Status Query ID Respond to Query Update Domain Leave Domain Update Key Update Address Query Address Query Net Variable Config Update Group Address Data Query Domain Update Net Variable Config Set Node Mode Read Memory Write Memory Checksum Recalculate Wink Memory Refresh Query SNVT Network Variable Fetch Device Escape Code

Common standard foundation for network installation and diagnostic tools

41

Layer 7Application Layer

Defines standard network services that use data exchanged by the lower layers
Network configuration Network diagnostics File transfer Application configuration Application specification Alarming Data logging Scheduling

42

Application Layer
Application Model

Functional block
Portion of a devices application that performs a task Receives configuration and operational data inputs Processes the data Sends operational data outputs

43

Functional Profile:
HVAC Temperature Sensor
HVAC Temp. Sensor Functional Profile: 1040
nv1 nvoHVACTemp SNVT_temp_p

Mandatory Network Variable Mandatory Configuration Properties

Mandatory Configuration Properties nc49 - Max Send Time nc52 - Min Send Time nc64 - Temp Send on Delta nvoFixPtTemp SNVT_temp nvoFloatTemp SNVT_temp_f

nv2 nv3

Optional Network Variables Optional Configuration Properties

Optional Configuration Properties nc70 - Temperature Offset

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Application LayerAlarming
Node Object
Mandatory Network Variables nv1 nviRequest SNVT_obj_request Optional Network Variables nv3 nviTimeSet SNVT_time_stamp nv10 nvoAlarm2 SNVT_alarm_2 nvoAlarm SNVT_alarm nvoDateResync SNVT_switch nvoFileStat SNVT_file_status nvoFileDirectory SNVT_address nvoLogStat SNVT_log_status nv2 nvoStatus SNVT_obj_status

nv4 nviDateEvent SNVT_date_event nviFileReq SNVT_file_req nviFilePos SNVT_file_pos nviLogReq SNVT_log_req Configuration Properties Mandatory Optional

Standard alarm reporting output, includes:

Alarm type Alarm priority Alarm time Sequence number Alarm description

nv9

nv11

nv5

nv6

nv7

nv8

nv12

nv13

Device Major Version Device Minor Version Functional Block Major Version Functional Block Minor Version Location Maximum Status Send Time Minimum Send Time (Send Throttle) Network Configuration Source

Ensures consistent reporting of alarm events

45

Application LayerScheduling
Calendar
Mandatory network variables Optional network variables nv1 nviDateResync SNVT_switch Configuration properties Mandatory Schedule Dates Optional Effective Period Minimum Send Time Object Major Version Object Minor Version Override Behavior Override Value Schedule Name nv1 nvoDateEvent SNVT_date_event
nv2 nviEnable SNVT_switch Configuration properties Mandatory Default Output Schedule Array ScheduleTime-value Pair Array Value Definition Optional Delay Time Effective Period Maximum NV Length Maximum Send Time NV Type Object Major Version Optional network variables nv1 nvoPresentValue SNVT_xxx

Scheduler
Mandatory network variables

Object Minor Version Override Behavior Override Value Schedule Name Value Name Weekly Schedule

Standard profile for identifying events based on date and time Supports scheduling applications that work with scheduling devices from multiple manufacturers

46

Application LayerData Logging

Data Logger
Mandatory Network Variables

nv1 nv1

nviDataValue nviDataValue SNVT_xxx SNVT_xxx nviClear SNVT_switch Optional Network Variables

nv4

nvoStatus SNVT_switch

nv2

nv3

nviEnable SNVT_switch Configuration Properties Mandatory cpLogCapacity cpLogNotifyThreshold cpLogSize cpLogType

nv5

nvoLevAlarm SNVT_alarm_2

Optional cpFanInEnable cpLogAlarmThreshold cpLogHighLimit cpLogLowLimit cpLogMinDeltaTime cpLogMinDeltaValue cpMaxAlSendTime cpMaxFanIn cpMaxNVLength cpMaxSendTime

cpNVType cpObjMajVer cpObjMinVer cpPollRate cpSourceAddress cpTimestampEnable

Standard profile for collecting data in a log

Currently if final review by the LONMARK BAS Task Group

Collect data locally Archive data remotely View data locally or remotely

47

Application Layer
File Transfer Protocol

Standard service for transferring large blocks of data Data stream sent in six packet data windows
Five unacknowledged application message packets Followed by one request/response application message packet

Avoids overhead of acknowledging every packet

85% of packets contain data; only 15% overhead for acknowledgements Allows recovery from a lost packet within six packets

48

LONMARK 709.1 Network Routers

Application Frameworks with 709.1 Interfaces
Workstations
Laptop computers

LONWORKS/IP Backbone
(LAN-Switched 100Mbit,Gigabit Ethernet or WAN/Internet)

709.1 System Level Routing

Provides Direct LONMARK Object Binding (Connections)

49

Non 709.1 Network Routing

Thin (Web) Clients Windows Workstations (Gateway software) Laptop computers (Gateway software)

IP Backbone
(LAN-Switched 100Mbit,Gigabit Ethernet or WAN/Internet)

G Gateways

LONMARK Controllers
50

LONMARK Configuration Frameworks

User Interfaces Installation / Configuration Plug-in Tools
Windows Workstations (with Web gateway) Laptop computers

Thin (Web) Clients

LONWORKS/IP Backbone
(LAN-Switched 100Mbit,Gigabit Ethernet or WAN/Internet)

709.1 System Level Routing

51

LONMARK System Architecture

GUI with 709.1 connectivity
Windows Workstations (with Web gateway) Laptop computers

Thin (Web) Clients

LONWORKS/IP Backbone
(LAN-Switched 100Mbit,Gigabit Ethernet or WAN/Internet)

709.1 System Level Routing

G Legacy Devices
52

Option al Web/X ML Gatew ay

LONMARK Standards A System Architecture Overview

Gateway

852

1.25 Mbit TP

53

LONMARK XML Standards

Functional Profiles into XML SNVTs and SCPTs into XML and XIF Files into XML (coming soon)

54

THE ORGANIZATION

LONMARK

LONMARK Devices Guarantee Interoperability

LONMARK International
Independent Industry Association Established in 1994 Task groups focus on specific industry requirements Define device SNVTs, Objects, Profiles, IP connectivity
LONMARK Logo

What we provide
Interoperability design guidelines Product conformance testing Marketing assistance

LONMARK Stamp of Approval Means Devices Will

Interoperate

www.lonmark.org

LONMARK Purpose
To promote interoperable products and collaborative marketing programs To provide a forum to define application-specific design requirements To create market demand for open, interoperable systems using LONMARK certified products To define, develop, and certify truly interoperable products To deliver a comprehensive educational programs and professional certification testing program

Who is LONMARK International?

Non-Profit Trade Association Independent, member supported organization Strong LONMARK Board of Directors Sponsor Companies
Honeywell International McDonalds Corporation Philips Schneider Siemens Trane Echelon Distech

World wide staff support

LONMARK Membership

Standardization Activities
LON is an ISO standard: ISO 14908.1 LON is a China National Standard ASHRAE accepted and referenced standard Working with CECED (appliances) and IFSF (forecourts) on European standards Joint effort with NAFEM on Kitchen Equipment standards Working with various governments to create country specific national standards Pursuing ISO standardization

Integrator Testing/Certification Program

Program to deliver a comprehensive professional testing and certification

Certified Professional Certified System Integrator

Web-based exam www.lonmark.org/testing

LONMARK Magazine
Quarterly magazine European Edition International Edition Self funding through ads Great resource of case studies, tech info, applications More info: www.lmimagazine.com Free subscription

Activities
Global
Interactive Technology Demonstration with members products in a single integrated system
Permanent setup for worldwide access Continuous upgrades, enhancements Take to various trade events

Educational/Trade Show events

AHR LONMARK Sessions LonCom LONMARK Sessions ISH (Frankfurt) LIGHTFAIR Connectivity Week Electrical Building Technology Guangzhou (China)

The Future of LONMARK

Development new of LONMARK standards
LON/IP-852.1 new enhancements oBIX XML standards Referenced within standard ASHRAE specification Enhance profiles (data loggers, schedulers, network management tools, diagnostic tools, alarm managers)

Product Certification
Certification of Programmable Controllers Certification of Routers, Interfaces, Gateways

Professional Certification programs

Summary
Demand is growing for open systems LONMARK is expanding to meet the market needs We are committed to
Expanding the market for LONMARK certified products Enhancing the standards as technology advances Providing value for our members Increasing the number of certified products Enhancing the success of our members

Develop new programs, initiatives, and tools Focus on education

Getting Started
Where do I go for help?
www.lonmark.org www.lonmarkamericas.org www.echelon.com

Attend training classes

Classes are available for anyone on a variety of subjects

Suggestions for a good Consulting Engineer?

Several very knowledgeable engineers are specializing in open systems

More information?
CDs, Brochures, Success Stories, Data Sheets, White Papers Just ask

Join the LONMARK organization

66

Thank You !
Questions

67