TABLE AXIAL LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY OF COLUMN BASED ON PERCENTAGE OF REINFORCEMENT AND COLUMN SIZE FOR VARIOUS MIXES

AND STEEL Steel Grade Fy 415 CONCRETE GRADE M15 M20 M25 M30 M35 M40 Axial Load carrying Capacity in KN (P) P= (2.7205 p + 6) b D/1500 P= (2.7005 p + 8) b D/1500 P= (2.6805 p + 10) b D/1500 P= (2.6605 p + 12) b D/1500 P= (2.6405 p + 14) b D/1500 P= (2.6205 p + 16) b D/1500 Steel Grade Fy 500 CONCRETE GRADE M15 M20 M25 M30 M35 M40 Axial Load carrying Capacity in KN (P) P= (3.29 p + 6) b D/1500 P= (3.27 p + 8) b D/1500 P= (3.25 p + 10) b D/1500 P= (3.23 p + 12) b D/1500 P= (3.21 p + 14) b D/1500 P= (3.19 p + 16) b D/1500 Steel Grade Fy 550 CONCRETE GRADE M15 M20 M25 M30 M35 M40 Axial Load carrying Capacity in KN (P) P= (3.625 p + 6) b D/1500 P= (3.605 p + 8) b D/1500 P= (3.585 p + 10) b D/1500 P= (3.565 p + 12) b D/1500 P= (3.545 p + 14) b D/1500 P= (3.525 p + 16) b D/1500

Note :1. The axial Load carrying capacity column is arrived based on the formula Pu =0.4 fck Ac + 0.67 fy Asc as per IS 456-2000. 2. Here in the Table P is Axial Load Carrying capacity of column in KN. p is steel in percentage say percentage as 1 b is breadth of column in mm D is depth of column in mm.

Three thumb rules to be followed are as follows: 1. Size of the Columns 2. Distance between Columns 3. Alignment of columns Thumb rule no.1 Size of the columns The size of the columns depends on the total load on the columns. Minimum size of the column should not be less than 9x9. 9x9 columns are to be used for a single storey structure with M15 grade of concrete. In case, 9x9 column size is to be used for 1 and half storey structure, then it is advised to use M20 grade concrete. A safe and structurally sound column size for a 1 and half storey structure should not be less than 12x9 using M15 grade concrete. This should be in your most preferred and practical options list. Thumb rule no.2 Distance between the columns Try to maintain equal distance between the centres of two columns. Always plan a column layout on a grid. The distance between two columns of size 9x9 should not be more than 4m centre to centre of column. If larger barrier free distances are required then going for larger column size is to be used. The size of the columns increase because of two factors: 1. Increase in the distance between two columns (This increases the dimensions of the columns as well the depth of the beam.) 2. Height of the building (Increase in the number of floors is directly proportional to the dimensions of the columns.

Thumb rule no.3 Alignment of Columns A rectangular grid is to be made for placing the columns. This helps in avoiding mistakes and placing in columns can be done in the right way. The columns can preferably be arranged in two different fashions: 1. In a straight line with the help of a grid 2. In a circular fashion for circular buildings. Zigzag arrangement of columns is an absolutely wrong way of working out Structural design. It should be remembered that when columns are erected, beams are laid connecting the columns. The Zigzag column placement causes three major issues: 1. Unbalanced load transfer 2. Problems in wall construction 3. Problems in laying beams If these three thumb rules are followed by Civil Engineering and Architecture students, implementation of wrong Structural design can be prevented. EINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMNS: Sizing: For preliminary design use square columns. If the building height is 3 stories or less: If beam span < 6000mm, h (mm) = 300 If 6000 < beam span < 9000, h = 350 If 9000 < beam span < 12000, h = 400 If the building height is 4 to 9 stories: If beam span < 6000mm, h (mm) = 400 If 6000 < beam span < 9000, h = 500 If 9000 < beam span < 12000, h = 600