Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SI unit m s-1
1
u, v
u, v u denotes initial velocity
u denotes initial speed v denotes final velocity
v denotes final speed We usually consider the
Symbol
Average speed forward motion ( to the right )
= Total distance as positive and the backward
Time ( to the left) as negative )
Acceleration
D: Fill in the blank with the correct answer.
1. Acceleration is the rate of change of ……………..
2. Acceleration , a = Final velocity - Initial velocity
Time taken
a=
2
2. A bus stops at a station to pick passengers up. It then moves and attains a velocity of 15 m s-1
in 8 s. What is the acceleration of the bus ?
Pattern Explanation
(a) Direction of motion
The distance between the dots is the ………. It shows that the
. . . . . . . object is moving with ……………
.
Initial Final
(b) Direction of motion
A B C D E F
3
Solution :
Step Solution
1. Time taken of one part One part = ……. Ticks
= ……. x 0.02 s
= ……. S
2. initial velocity, u = s initial u= cm
t initial s
= ………. cm s-1
3. Final velocity, v = s final v= cm
t final s
= ………. cm s-1
4. Determine the total time Total time, t = ( ) x …….. s
= x ……... s
Total time = ( Total parts – 1) x time of one part
= ………. S
5. Acceleration, a = v – u a=v–u
t t
=
= ………… cm s-2
(b) A car traveling with a velocity of 10 m s-1 accelerates uniformly at a rate of 3 m s-2 for 20 s.
Calculate the displacement of the car.
4
Solution :
(c)A van that is traveling with velocity 16 m s-1 decelerates until it comes to a stop. If the
Solution :
s/m
The displacement of the object from a fixed point is
…………………….. Therefore, the velocity of the object
is ………………….
0 t/s
s/m
The gradient of the graph = ……………..of the object.
The gradient of the graph is ……………., therefore the
velocity of the object is …………….
0 t/s
s/m
The gradient of the graph …………….. with time.
Therefore the velocity of the object ……………. with …
………….
0 t/s
6
Graph of v against t Explanation
v/m s-1
Velocity of object is …………. . The object is …………
……
t/s
v/m s-1
The object is moving with uniform …………………
t/s
v/m s-1
Area under the graph = ………………….
t/s
s/m
25 C
20 A B
15
10
5 Dt/s
O t/s
5 10 12 15
Solution :
7
Motion of the runner
O-A Running with a uniform velocity of 3 m s-1
A-B
B-C
C-D
10
B C
D
t/s
A 5 10 15 20 25
Calculate:-
(i) the acceleration, a, for sections AB, BC and CD
(ii) total displacement
8
A student is able to :
2.3.1 Explain what inertia is
2.3.2 Relate mass to inertia
2.3.3 Give examples to reduce the negative effects of inertia
When the bus stops suddenly our feet are brought to rest but due to inertia, our body
tends to continue its (forward/backward) motion. This causes our body to jerk
forward.(thrown forward)
2.
When the bus moves suddenly from rest our feet are carried (forward/backward) but
Due to inertia our body tends to keep us (rest/moving) . This causes our body to
fall backwards. (thrown backbards)
Effects of inertia
9
B. Explain the positive effect by using the clues given.
Positive effect
Of inertia
Characteristic Explanation
(a) The tank which carries liquid in a Hold the passengers to their seat
lorry should be divided into smaller during collision
tanks
(b) the part between the driver’s seat and Prevent the driver from hitting the
load should have strong steel structure steering in an accident
(c) Safety belts Prevent the load from being thrown to
the front
(d) Airbag To reduce the effects of inertia when
stopped suddenly.
Momentum :
Momentum :
3. Explosion : Two or more bodies in contact will be ……………… after the explosion
(m1 + m2), u = 0 v1 v2
m2
Momentum :
1. Car A of mass 100 kg traveling at 30 m s-1 collides with Car B of mass 90 kg traveling at 20 m s-1 in
front of it. Car A and B move separately after collision. If Car A moves at 25 m s-1 after collision,
determine the velocity of Car B after collision.
Solution :
12
2: A trolley of mass 4 kg moves at 3 m s-1 and collide with a trolley of mass 2 kg which is moving in the
opposite direction at 1 m s-1. After the collision, both trolleys move together with the same velocity.
What is their common velocity ?
Solution :
3: A bullet of mass 2 g is shot from a gun of mass 1 kg with a velocity of 150 m s-1 . Calculate
the velocity of the recoil of the gun after firing.
Solution :
13