Unit 1: The Parts of Speech Nouna person, place, thing, or idea Person: boy, Kate, mom Place: house,

Minnesota, Ocean Thing: car, desk, phone Idea: freedom, prejudice, sadness --------------------------------------------------------------Pronoun - a word that takes the place of a noun. Instead of Kate she car it A few other pronouns: he, they, I, you, we, them, who, everyone, anybody, that, many, both, few --------------------------------------------------------------Adjectivedescribes a noun or pronoun Answers the questions what kind, which one, how many, and how much Articles are a sub category of adjectives and include the following three words: a, an, the Old car (what kind) that car (which one) two cars (how many) --------------------------------------------------------------Verbaction, condition, or state of being Action (things you can do)think, run, jump, climb, eat, grow Linking (or helping)am, is, are, was, were Name:

Adverbsdescribe verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs Answers the questions how, when, where, and to what extent Many words ending in ly are adverbs: quickly, smoothly, truly A few other adverbs: yesterday, ever, rather, quite, earlier --------------------------------------------------------------Prepositionsshow the relationship between a noun or pronoun and another word in the sentence. They begin a prepositional phrase, which has a noun or pronoun after it, called the object. Think of the box (things you have do to a box). Some prepositions: over, under, on, from, of, at, through, in, next to, against, like --------------------------------------------------------------Conjunctionsconnecting words. Connect ideas and/or sentence parts. FANBOYS (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) A few other conjunctions are found at the beginning of a sentence: however, while, since, because --------------------------------------------------------------Interjectionsshow emotion. Usually the first word(s) and are set off from the rest of the sentence by a comma (,) or exclamation point (!). A few interjections: wow, bam, gee, ha, aha, ouch

HINT: many people mix up pronouns and adjectivesthink about how it is being used in the sentence! Many girls went to the dance. (many is an adjective describing how many girls) Many went to the dance. (many is a pronoun, replacing the noun girls) HINT: many people mix up adverbs and prepositionsthink about how the word is used in the sentence! I looked down. (down is an adverb describing where I looked) I looked down the river. (down is a preposition, starting the phrase down the river) HINT: many people mix up adverbs and nounsthink about how the word is used in the sentence! The test is tomorrow. (tomorrow is an adverb answering when the test is) Tomorrow will be beautiful! (tomorrow is a noun!)

The Noun A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing or idea. George! Jupiter! Ice cream! Courage! Books! Bottles! Godzilla! All of these words are nouns, words that identify the whos, wheres, and whats in

language. Nouns name people, places, and things. Read the sentence that follows: George and Godzilla walked to Papa John's to order a large pepperoni pizza. George is a person. Papa John's is a place. Pizza is a thing. Godzilla likes to think he's a person, is as big as a place, but qualifies as another thing. Persons: John hunter audience ____________

Places: theater Minnesota park ____________ Things: car television hat ____________ Ideas: inspiration joy freedom ____________ -------------------------------------------------------------Common or Proper Nouns: A common noun is a general name for a person, place, thing, or idea. They are usually not capitalized unless they are at the beginning of a sentence. A proper noun is the name of a particular person, place, thing, or idea. They are capitalized. Common: actor planet month ________________ Proper: Adam Sandler Venus November ________________ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Collective Nouns: A collective noun names a group of people or things. Example: herd media pack _____________ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Compound Nouns: A compound noun is a single noun that is formed by combining two or more words Example: footprint doghouse backpack _____________ --------------------------------------------------------------Possessive Nouns: A possessive noun shows ownership or relationship. Example: hikers boots Karens car ________________ --------------------------------------------------------------Finding Nouns Underline every noun in each sentence. 1. Of all the worlds monsters, the dragon is best known. 2. Ancient cultures imagined the dragon as a giant snake. 3. During the middle Ages, dragons were depicted with wings and legs, breathing fire. Action We felt the seat cushions. We tasted the popcorn. Helpful Hint: If you can substitute =, is, are, was, or were for a verb, you know it is a linking verb.

Concrete or Abstract Nouns: A concrete noun names a person, place, or thing that can be seen, heard, smelled touched, or tasted. An abstract noun names an idea, quality or state. Concrete: bell skunk sand apple _____________ Abstract: pride sadness uncertainty independence _____________ ----------------------------------------------------------Singular or Plural Nouns: A singular noun names only one person, place, thing, or idea. A plural noun names more than one person, place, thing, or idea. Singular: city foot monster _______________ Plural: cities feet monsters _______________ 4. Dragons resemble lizards in the artwork of earlier cultures. 5. Mythology tells the story of Hydra, a nine-headed dragon. 6. For centuries, Scotland has claimed the monster of Loch Ness. 7. Some people claim to have seen Nessie and even photographed the monster. 8. Indeed, cameras have detected a large, moving object in the waters of the loch. 9. The mysterious serpent has inspired writers, scientists, and preservationists. 10. There may actually be some unknown creatures living in this body of fresh water! VERBS Express an action, condition, or state of being Types: Action Verbs: May be physical or mental (knocked / wanted) Linking Verbs: Do not express an actionthey link sentence parts together. --Forms of to be: was, were, am, are, is, be, been, being (these stand alone) --Express Condition: look, smell, feel, sound, taste, grow, appear, become, seem, remain Some verbs can be action or linking. Linking They felt dry. It tasted salty. Linking Verb Sing (Sing it to the tune of "London Bridge is Falling Down") am, are, is, was, were, (and) be, forms of

be, forms of be, taste, smell, sound, seem, look, feel, say become, grow, appear, remain. Exercise: Identifying Action and Linking Verbs Circle the noun(s) and underline the verb(s) in each sentence. Above each verb, write A if it is an action verb or L if it is a linking verb. Remembersome sentences might have more than one verb. Examples: A The alarm sounded in the hallways. L The music sounded good! 1. The man paused before climbing the mountain. 2. The whole Yukon appeared white. 3. The man was cold. 4. The temperature dipped to fifty degrees below zero. 5. Still, the man began his journey. 6. He felt hungry and thought about lunch all day. 7. The moisture on his mustache appeared disgusting! 8. After he rubbed his hands along his nose, it became numb again. 9. The dog floundered. 10. The mans hands grew numb, as the coldness grew and grew. Helping Verbs Helping verbs (also called auxiliary verbs) are combined with other verbs to form verb phrases. A verb phrase may contain one or more helping verb with an action verb. Some helping verbs dont even have an action verb with themthey indicate that an action is directed at the subject. Reminder of the 23 helping verbs! Dont forget to memorize your list! am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been, have, has, had, do, does, did, can, could, shall, should, will, would, may, might, must What Kind Famous song squeaky noise green light Which One this song that way these words

Examples: Sandra has a pair of Conga drums at home. (helping verb acts as the main verb) She has practiced her drumming all summer. (helping verb plus action verb) Circle nouns and underline the complete verb phrase in the following sentences. 1. Our friends will be coming to the birthday party late. 2. The principal does like your project. 3. You should have gone with your dad. 4. The forward did play well. 5. Your project will be seen by several people. 6. The girls are laughing really loud. 7. Anyone can join knowledge bowl. 8. The advisor will welcome you with open arms. Be careful of adverbs that interrupt verb phrasesdo not include them in your verb phrases. Words like not, never, always, sometimes, rarely are called adverbs because they modify the verb phrasethey are NOT part of the verb phrase. Examples: Susie does go to dances. Susie does sometimes go to dances. Susie goes to dances. Susie rarely goes to dances. 1. Our friends will not be coming to the birthday party late. 2. You should never go alone. 3. I dont want any excuses. 4. Students sometimes make lame excuses. 5. I had always wondered the truth. 6. Sheila rarely misses a free throw in practice. 7. However, Sheila does not make them in games. 8. I will always expect your best in class. Adjectives An adjective modifies or limits the meaning of a noun or pronoun. An adjective tells what kind, which one, how many, or how much. How Many one dollar three tenors several years How Much some music more room less energy

Articles: The most common adjectives are the articles a, an, and the.

Proper Adjectives: These are formed from proper nouns. They are capitalized and often end in -n, an, -ian, -ese, and -ish.

Examples: American artists perform in international countries. Japanese crowds fill Yokohama Stadium. ______________________________ Finding Adjectives Circle nouns, label verb phrases and underline each adjective and draw an arrow to the word it is modifying. Write P above proper adjectives. As we correct, you will need to say which of the four questions the adjective answers. 1. Ted has taken several classes in photographic journalism. 2. The thoughtful audience remained silent throughout the performance. 3. The new models will use less fuel and get better mileage. 4. Gloria bought a yellow shirt and white jeans. 5. The senior class is studying European history. 6. Mauna Loa is a large volcano on one of the Hawaiian Islands. 7. Red apples usually are crisp and juicy. 8. The reporters asked insightful questions during the interview. 9. The agents found the secret documents in an old suitcase. 10. The miners talked to the press after the terrifying ordeal. 11. The refreshing water cooled my hot feet. 12. The travel magazine included an article about Japanese gardens. Watch out for possessive pronouns that look like adjectives they are not adjectives! My Our Her His Their More ADJECTIVES Remember: * Adjectives modify nouns and pronouns. * Adjectives answer the questions what kind, which one, how many, or how much. * Dont forget that articles (a, an, the) are always adjectives. * The words my, our, his, her, and their are possessive pronouns, NOT adjectives!

Finding Adjectives Circle the noun(s), label verb phrases and underline each adjective once and draw an arrow to the noun or pronoun it modifies include articles; remember that articles are adjectives! Be prepared to tell us what question the adjective answers! 1. Everyone enjoys a relaxing day at the beach.(3) 2. I can see about ten umbrellas from where I am standing.(1) 3. Those umbrellas protect sensitive skin from harmful sunlight.(3) 4. I usually sunbathe in a place with fewer people.(2) 5. I have gone there for several years.(1) 6. The hot sand burned my feet.(2) 7. When I go to that beach, I take cold drinks and salty snacks.(3) 9. If I am lucky, I can read an interesting book for a few hours.(5) 10. Little children play quietly near their parents. 11. I like to go for long walks on the beach. 12. I look for colorful shells and more rocks for my collection. 13. I can see cruise ships on the way to Mexican resorts. 14. I imagine exciting trips to South American ports. 15. In my mind, I see Spanish galleons at the bottom of the ocean. 16. Chests with rare coins and gold necklaces lie below the surface. 17. The sight of a beach ball ends this daydream. 18. I returned to my soft blanket on the beach. 19. The angry gulls flew away when I disturbed them. 21. Soon they settle down, and a peaceful feeling descends on all of us. 22. Someday I would like to buy a house near the blue ocean. 23. I would sit on a comfortable chair on my porch and look at the sea. 24. I would watch gentle sunrises and spectacular sunsets every day. 25. I would never leave that beach again.

Adverbs

An adverb modifies a verb, an adjective, or another The famous notes rang out quite clearly. adverb. The orchestra waited until the auditorium grew Examples: completely quiet. We instantly recognized Beethovens Fifth Symphony. The student orchestra stopped here during a national tour. Where Will they be returning soon? When Everyone played magnificently How The auditorium was completely full. To what extent . * Many adverbs are formed by adding ly to adjectives. Sometimes the spelling changes because of this addition. frequent + ly = frequently extreme + ly = extremely true + ly = truly possible + ly = possibly Other Commonly used Adverbs afterward, fast, low, often, today, already, forth, more, slow, tomorrow, also, hard, near, sometimes, too, back, instead, next, still, yet, even, late, hot, straight, far, now, long, then

An intensifier is an adverb that defines the degree of an adjective or another verb. Intensifiers always precede the adjectives or adverbs they are modifying. Example: We were rather surprised that classical music is still popular. Commonly used Intensifiers Extremely, most, quite, so, truly, just, Nearly, rather, somewhat, very, more, only, really, too

Adverb Practice Look back at the page before this!!! Identify Words Modified by Adverbs Decide whether each boldfaced adverb modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. Draw an arrow to the word being modified. Write V, ADJ, or ADV on the line.

1. The dictator callously disregarded the wishes of his people. ______ 2. The stadium was virtually silent after our heartbreaking loss. ______ 3. My grandparents usually go to bed at ten oclock. ______ 4. We were very definitely told to come to this door. ______ 5. The sun never shines brightly in this corner of my garden. ______ 6. The sound of your voice is barely audible in this loud room. ______ 7. This speaker chooses her words quite carefully. ______ 8. You need to be more meticulous when you do your proofreading. ` ______ 9. We were extremely shocked when we heard the bad news yesterday. ______ 10. The library closes early on Saturdays during the summer. ______ 11. Have you learned yet who won the championship? ______ 12. The speaker was somewhat annoyed that the microphone wasnt working properly. ______ 13. The rock band arrived at the concert late and went right on stage. ______ 14. The wind blew surprisingly strongly all night. ______ Identifying Adverb Underline each adverb and draw an arrow to the word being modified. 1. We cleaned the house thoroughly last week. 2. Sandra rearranged the furniture yesterday. 3. Drivers on the expressway must be very careful. 4. The votes for mayor are still being counted. 5. Jill does exceptionally fine work. 6. The Indian rugs were incredibly expensive. 7. I heard your question clearly, but I dont know the answer. 8. The city often holds concerts in the park.

9. The current is too dangerous for swimming. 10. The wind was bitterly cold during the month of December.

More ADVERBS Remember: * Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. * Adverbs answer the questions where, when, how, and to what extent. Lets practice! You can label every word in * If a word is modifying/describing a noun or these sentences! pronoun, it is an adjective, NOT an adverb! Noun (N) Verb (V) Adjective (Adj) Adverb Finding Adverbs (Adv) 1. The student tasted the hamburger. Circle the noun(s), label the verb(s) and 2. The hamburger tasted good. adjective(s), and underline each adverb once 3. The very big dog appears cute. and draw an arrow to the word (verb, adjective, 4. The young child was skipping quickly. or adverb) it modifies. Be prepared to tell us what question the adverb 5. Hope should not be ignored. answers! 6. The girl feels the warm blanket. 1. The ship sailed smoothly into the harbor. 7. The girl feels incredibly sick today. 2. My neighbor absolutely adores her cat. 8. Today is not becoming a beautiful day. 3. Put the new bookcase there, please. 4. It rained heavily for most of the night. Pronouns 5. This author writes exceptionally gripping novels. (Personal and Possessive) 6. He is surprisingly graceful for a heavy man. A pronoun is a word used in place of a noun or 7. Tomorrow the painters begin work on our house. another pronoun. 8. Many doctors consider bungee jumping an unnecessarily dangerous sport. The word that a pronoun stands for is called its 9. Can you believe that the plane actually arrived antecedent. early? Ray said he hates getting up early for 10. You must breathe more deeply at this altitude. school. 11. My ears and nose became quite cold as we Possessive Pronouns show ownership: waited for the bus. Kara drove her car. 12. Patiently, Adam shelled the peas. ***Look at the chart below too see all the 13. The president vetoed the tax bill recently. personal and possessive pronouns. 14. Emergency doctors quickly surrounded the (Possessive are in parenthesis) incoming patient. 15. As the balloon soared higher, we gripped the supports tightly with our hands. 16. Brad began to draft his report on T.S.Eliot immediately after supper. Singular Plural First Person I, me (my, mine) We, us (our, ours) Second Person You (your, yours) You (your, yours) Third Person He, him, she, her, it (his, her, hers, its) They, them (their, theirs) Finding the Pronouns and Antecedents Underline all the pronouns once. Underline their antecedent twice. 1. Years ago children were told to jump up and down on the earth so that its plants would be stimulated to grow.

17. The dispatcher gave directions clearly but swiftly to the rescue squad. 18. The tree trunks still smoldered. 19. The children tried hard to please their mother on her birthday. 20. Fun, food, and football go together. 21. On a really quiet night, you can hear a train whistle far in the distance.

2. Boys were probably the first jump ropers, impressing girls with their speed. 3. Jump rope probably became more popular with girls when one girl added her songs to the game. 4. In hopscotch, children hop over lines and test their balance. 5. Gail remembers, One of my favorite games was tag. 6. If players didnt freeze when tagged, their movements could cost them the game. 7. Running was its own reward and being chased was exciting. 8. Billie Holiday was a jazz singer admired for the unique quality of her voice. 9. Because it is understood by people of all nations, music is considered a universal language. 10. Its location near the Sahara Desert and the Niger River made Timbuktu a thriving commercial city. 11. Malcolm and Greg do their homework in the library. 12. Many Europeans use bicycles as a means of transportation to and from their work. Other Kinds of Pronouns Reflexive & Intensivethese are formed by adding self or selves to personal pronouns Reflexive reflects action back upon the subject. Intensive emphasizes a noun or pronoun in the same sentence. Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves Donna prepared herself for a long day. ----------------------------------------------------------Demonstrativepoint out SPECIFIC persons, places, ideas, or things. this, these, that, those The people at the end of the line will get better tickets than those at the end. --------------------------------------------------------Indefinitedo not refer to specific persons, places, ideas, or things. It usually does not have an antecedent. Another, anybody, anyone, anything, each, everybody, everyone, everything, much, neither, nobody, no one, nothing, one, somebody, someone, something, both, few, many, several, all, any, more, most, none, some

Several of the fans waited in the rain. ---------------------------------------------------------Interrogativeask a question Who, whom, whose, which, what What is your favorite song? ------------------------------------------------------Relativeis used to introduce dependent clauses (something that cant be a sentence alone) Who, whom, whose, which, that The seats that the students asked for were unavailable. Identify the boldface pronouns. 1. Which is the oldest zoo, the Philadelphia Zoo or Central park Zoo in New York? __________________ 2. Kodiak bears sunned themselves on the towering rocks. __________________ 3. Those are grizzlies, an especially vicious type of bear. __________________ 4. Karl Hagenbeck, who was an animal dealer, developed the idea of putting moats in front of animal cages. _________________ 5. About 200 years ago, anyone with money could establish a small zoo. __________________ 6. You yourself could ride on the back of a giant tortoise. __________________ 7. Few of the earliest zoos made the preservations of animal species a priority. __________________ 8. The Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum, which is a small zoo in Tucson, contains native plants and animals. __________________ 9. Where are the wallabies that look so much like kangaroos? __________________ 10. The watchful mother quail guarded the babies herself. __________________ PRONOUN CONTEST! This exercise covers ALL pronouns: personal, reflexive, intensive, demonstrative, indefinite, interrogative, and relative. In the following sentences, be the first to underline ALL __________ pronouns correctly! You can use previous pages to help youit will just take you more time. 1. While walking through the zoos rain forest, I myself saw the anaconda slither under a shrub. 2. The gibbons amused themselves by swinging from tree to tree.

3. This is the largest bison in our zoo. 4. Many of the visitors were awed by the new aquarium. 5. Who is going to view the snake display? 6. Peacock feathers themselves are things of beauty. 7. Luckily, the animals seem undisturbed by the large number of people who come to see them. 8. Which is larger, the gorilla or the orangutan? 9. The curator, who oversees the animals, is usually a highly-trained zoologist. 10. Everyone entering the insect display was given a magnifying glass. 11. Melissa startled herself when she suddenly came upon the Komodo dragon. 12. Several of the zebras were thundering across the savanna area. 13. The veterinarian herself is responsible for the medical needs of the animals. 14. Animals that roam the grasslands include giraffes, zebras, and lions. 15. Is this a bighorn sheep or an ibex? 16. A trained zookeeper himself is directly responsible for the animals under his care. 17. What are the jaguars eating? 18. A colorful macaw was grooming itself high atop the palm tree. 19. The tracks of the ocelot differ from those of the lynx. 20. Whose was the idea of making zoos more naturalistic? 21. The platypus, whose appearance is quite unusual, is a native of Australia. 22. Often we can see ourselves reflected in the antics of the monkey. 23. One of the pandas was eating a bamboo shoot. 24. Bactrain camels are over there; these are the Dromedaries. 25. The magnificent lion carried himself with grace and dignity. Prepositions A word that shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and another word in the sentence. Commonly Used Prepositions

about before during off toward above behind except on under across below for onto underneath after beneath from out until against beside in outside up along between inside over upon among beyond into since with around by like through within as despite near throughout without at down of to A preposition begins a prepositional phrase. A prepositional phrase begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun, called the object of the preposition. Note: You can have adjectives and adverbs in prepositional phrases, but NO VERBS! Complete the following sentences. Circle the object(s) of the prepositional phrase. 1. I am going in ___________________________________. 2. On _______________________ you will find your make up work. 3. They are going to go inside ______________________________. 4. Throw the ball over _________________________________________. 5. Please drive around ________________________________________. Prepositions that consist of more than one word are compound prepositions. Commonly Used Compound Prepositions according to, by means of, in place of, on account of,aside from, in addition to, in spite of out of because of in front of instead of prior to 6. Go to the game instead of _________________________________________. 7. The dog walks ahead of _________________________________________. 8. Aside from _______________________________, you did really well in this class. Underline the prepositional phrases in the following sentences. Circle the preposition. 1. Shippers in the Midwest have always looked longingly toward the Atlantic Ocean.(2)

2. The Great Lakes have always had a large amount of traffic.(1) 3. Large steamers sailed fairly easily from Duluth to Detroit. (2) 4. A major problem has been the linkage of this traffic on the lakes with the ports of the East Coast and Europe. (4) Preposition Practice Underline the prepositional phrase in each sentence and circle the preposition. Remember that compound prepositions have two or more words. 1. A quilt is simply a cover for a bed. 2. But, to many women and children, it has a deeper significance. 3. In colonial America, women often sewed and assembled quilts together. 4. These quilting parties were a chance for muchneeded socialization. 5. Each piece reminded the quilter of a loved family member or friend. 6. Quilts were often presented as gifts. 7. Instead of money, young newlyweds would receive a quilt. 8. Today, quilts have regained much of the popularity they had years ago. 9. By means of quilts, people today can touch the past. and, but, for, nor, or, so, yet Correlative Conjunctions are word pairs that serve to join words or groups of words. Examples: You will not only hear your favorite song but also see the band. Either the music or the visual images will grab your attention. bothand eitheror neithernor whetheror not onlybut also Subordinating Conjunctions introduce a subordinate clauseclauses that cannot stand aloneand join them to independent clauses. Examples: The band waited while the director checked the lighting. Although music videos are short, they are expensive to produce.

More of the same But please not when commas are used and when they are not!!! 1. Woodworking means forming wood into useful or beautiful objects. 2. A competent woodworker needs a number of tools for the job. 3. For measuring and cutting, you need rulers, framing squares, and scissors. 4. According to most modern woodworkers, however, an electric saw is the preferred tool. 5. With a plane, the woodworker shapes and smoothes the wood in fine items. 6. Rubbing with abrasive sandpaper makes surfaces smooth enough for the last step in the process. 7. Woodworkers use simple paintbrushes for the painting and final touch on the project. Conjunctions A conjunction connects words or groups of words. Coordinating Conjunctions connect words or groups of words of equal importance in a sentence. Examples: Sonia and her friends watched the new music video. The action started out at the beach, but the scene changed quickly.

Conjunctive Adverbs are used to express relationships between independent clauses. Example: The invention of the transistor radio contributed to the rise of rock and roll; similarly, the introduction of cable television helped launch music videos. Accordingly hence still Also however therefore Besides instead thus Consequently nevertheless furthermore Finally otherwise similarly Conjunction Worksheet Underline the coordinating conjunctions in the following sentences. 1. Pulling on her boots and taking her walking stick, Grandma went to get her mail. 2. Maddie would not eat meat nor buy processed food containing preservatives. 3. Kari always uses brown paper bags or the comics to wrap presents. 4. Needing to study but wanting to play soccer, Maggie had to check her schedule carefully.

After as though if so that when Although because in order that than where As before provided unless whereas as if even though since until while

5. He kept going in a southeasterly direction, for he remembered seeing a campsite there. 6. Assertive yet sensitivethats a good combination of leadership qualities. 7. Ben never learned how to drive, so he took the bus everywhere. Underline the correlative conjunctions. 1. I not only like oatmeal for breakfast, but I also like it for lunch. 2. Both my brother and my sister are graduating today. 3. Either we celebrate your birthday today, or we celebrate it on the weekend. 4. This table is neither stable nor level. 5. He decided he would enjoy the vacation whether he took it in the summer or he took it in the fall. Underline the subordinating conjunctions. 1. Since it was my birthday, my mother gave me guitar lessons for a gift. 2. Although I could take them any time I wanted, I began my first lesson in the summer. 3. I went to the music store where my teacher showed me different kinds of guitars. 4. After he showed me the six different strings on the guitar, he explained the guitars other parts. 5. Since my first lesson went well, my mother took me to an ice-cream shop. 6. Because I want to join a band, I practice an hour every day. Underline the conjunctive adverbs 1. We were at home; nevertheless, the package, arrived safely. 2. The dictionary is a valuable tool; however, not all dictionaries agree. 3. We must leave at once; otherwise, we will be late. 4. The outfielders wear glasses; consequently, the sun wont find them. Conjunctions Underline all the conjunctions. Coordinating Conjunction: connects word groups of equal importance. FANBOYS Correlative Conjunctions: pairs of conjunctions. Bothand Neithernor Subordinating Conjunctions: introduce subordinate clauses and john them to independent clauses. because Conjunctive Adverb: express relationship between independent clauses. however therefore

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Underline the conjunctions in the following sentences. 1. Exercise is a great way to build endurance and increase your energy level. 2. Not only is exercise good for you but it also is fun. 3. Although setting up an exercise schedule takes time, it is well worth the effort. 4. Many teenagers take up running, but their interest in that sport may fade. 5. As people age, they exercise less and less. 6. At least 30 minutes of exercise three times a week is recommended; however, not enough people follow these guidelines. 7. It takes discipline to exercise every day; besides, no one seems to have time for it. 8. Few activities are so important yet so easily ignored. 9. Decide today to begin an exercise regimen, and dont let yourself off so easily. 10. You may choose to take up either racquetball or running if you like strenuous exercise. 11. You might not have access to state-of-the-art facilities; still, you can be sure that there is a sport for you. 12. You will be impressed when you see the difference exercise makes. 13. Whether you are a confirmed couch potato or an active person, exercise can help you. 14. Be sure to begin today; otherwise, you may put it off forever. Interjections A word or phrase used to express emotion. Examples of interjections: wow, gee, hey, ouch, aha, boy, and imagine. See chart below. A strong interjection is followed by an exclamation point. Example: Yikes! Our paper is due tomorrow. A mild interjection is set off by a comma. If the interjection is at the beginning of the sentence the comma comes after it. If it is in the middle of a sentence there will be a comma on each side of the work, and if it is at the end of the sentence, the comma will come before it. Example: Well, where should we start? * Sometimes an ellipses () can be used as well.

Circle the interjections in the following sentences. 1. Well, whether we like it or not, the foods we eat make a difference in our health. 2. Hey! I got an A on my test! 3. Yes, a balanced diet includes fruits and veggies. 4. You will say Wow! I wish I started earlier! 5. Lets go, eh? 6. Now, arent you glad you went to the party? Unit 1 Review for test 21 Noun Verb Adjective Adverb Pronoun Preposition Conjunction Interjection 1. includes the articles a, an, the ______________________

2. one word exclamations, like WOW! __________________________ 3. Because, While, and When are all examples of __________________________ 4. word that replaces or takes the place of a noun _________________________ 5. word that modifies nouns and pronouns ______________________________ 6. a person, place, thing, or idea ______________________________ 7. Well, No, and Yes, are all examples of __________________________ 8. word that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb ________________________ 9. word that connects and shows a relationship between a noun or pronoun and the rest of the sentence (it begins a prepositional phrase) ___________________________ 10. expresses an action, a condition, or a state of being _________________________ 11. connecting words like and, but, or, so, nor, for ___________________________ 12. Am, Is, Are, Was, and Were are all examples of _____________________ 13-14. An adjective answers the questions _________________ _________________ pt. each _________________ _________________ 15-16. An adverb answers the questions _________________ _________________ pt. each _________________ _________________ Label each word as the correct part of speech. Oh, my mother did not tell me you were coming today. In the backyard our friends played tennis while Sam and I cleaned quickly. Both the football team and volleyball team have playoff games this weekend. This is a good review for you. Several of the students sang several songs at the choir concert.

Sample Job Interview Questions Typical Interview Questions and Answers

If you have just completed a training course but have little work experience, you mightsay:
o

Why do you want to work for this company? Why are you interested in this job?

The interviewer is trying to determine what you know and like about the company, whether you will be willing to make a commitment to the job, and if your skills match the job requirements. Your research will be a big help in formulating your answer to this question. Say as many positive things about the company as possible, show your interest in whatever products/services they sell and explain why the position fits with your career goals.

I took a one year training program in (name of program) at (name of school) which is related to the job I'm applying for. I look forward to working in the field and putting into practice what I learned. I don't have a lot of work experience in this area but I learn quickly. I know you will be happy with my work. Tell me about yourself. Why should we hire you?

Have you done this kind of work before?

The interviewer is trying to find out about you, your job skills and how well you express yourself. Do not dwell on personal issues. State your best qualifications for the job. Be specific and include examples to support your statements. Try to show that you meet the employer's expectations. For example:
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The interviewer wants to know if you can learn to do the job in a reasonable time and how much training you will need. Never say "no" to this question. Instead, stress the experience you do have that will assist you in learning the new job quickly and efficiently. No two jobs are alike and you never do exactly the same work. In all jobs, new skills, rules and details have to be learned. Be sure to mention the following:
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Your past work experience. Your education and training related to the job. Volunteer work that might relate to the job. Any transferable skills - e.g. organizational skills, people skills. Your ability to learn quickly and how quickly you learned that type of work in the past. What kind of training or qualifications do you have?

I am punctual, dependable and can be counted upon to finish what I start. I get a great deal of satisfaction from knowing that I have done something well and on time. For example, at my present job, I was given different work orders every day. It was my responsibility to finish the orders and make sure they all met quality and safety standards within a specific deadline. On occasion, I had to familiarize myself with the product and the production process. I was always able to learn quickly and carry out my job responsibilities. Our company was known for making excellent processed food products. In 1990, it received an award for being on of Canada's top companies in the field. I feel I can use the same skills and hard work to do well on this job too. What do you do in your spare time?

The interviewer is trying to find out what school credentials you have. If you have no formal school qualifications but have a lot of experience, you might say:
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I didn't get formal school training for this job but I have (number) of years of experience in the field. I'm willing to learn new skills or go to school to get further training if I am offered the job. I learn quickly and I like to keep upgrading my skills.

Interviewers ask this question to see if your activities and hobbies might help the company and to get an idea of what kind of person you are outside your work life. Describe any volunteer work you do and any hobbies or interests that might relate to the job in some way. Stick to active hobbies, such as playing sports, carpentry,gardening, etc. Avoid mentioning inactive and non-creative activities such as watching television.

What do you think of working in a group?

The interviewer is trying to find out about your ability to get along with others.Focus on the following:
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and deadlines in our lives and you do not mind the stress. Stressful situations are a learning and challenging experience. You might mention the following: How you handled large rush orders at your last workplace. How you prepared for exams and homework assignments while working full-time and attending school part-time. How you managed a crisis situation. (For example: a car accident) How often were you absent from work in your last job? Have you every had any serious illness or injuries? Do you have any health problems?

The advantages of working in a group. Explain how the various individuals in a group complement one another in carrying out certain tasks. Give specific examples of your personal experience in a group How do you react to instruction and criticism?

The interviewer is trying to find out how you get along with Supervisors and how you feel about authority. You might say:
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I appreciate getting instruction and criticism when it is done fairly and constructively. With the kind of work experience you have had, do you think this job would bore you?

The interviewer may think you are over-qualified and want this job only until something better comes along. Stress that no job is ever boring because you always learn new skills. Mention how you would benefit by working for the company and vice versa.

The interviewer is trying to find out if you have any health issues which will cause you to take a lot of sick days. You do not have to go into your health history for the interviewer. If you have health problems that do not interfere with your work performance, do not give the interviewer details about them. If you had a previous health problem that interfered with your work in the past, but is no longer a problem, do not volunteer this information. It no longer affects your work, therefore the employer does not have to know. If you have a health problem that will affect your work performance, explain your situation briefly and stress the positive points. I will be helpful to have a positive reference letter from your previous employer. This letter should explain the type of duties you did and stress that you are a steady worker who is responsible, hardworking and punctual.

Why did you choose this line of work?

The interviewer is trying to find out about your commitment to your career choice. In other words do you do it because you love the work or just take any job you can get for the money. If you did this work for many years and stopped due to a layoff,you might say:
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Are you bondable?

I have done this for (number) of years. I like my work. The only reason I left my last workplace was because I was laid off. How well do you work under pressure or tight deadlines?

This question indicates that the job you're applying for will involve working under pressure. Give examples of volunteer and paid work that involved pressure and deadlines. You could mention that we are always faced with pressure

This question indicates that the job involves working with money or valuable merchandise. Very likely the employer's insurance company requires that only bondable people be hired as a condition of their insurance policy.As long as you do not have a criminal record, and you have not previously been denied a bond, you should answer "yes" to this question. Caution: If you answer yes when you are not legally

bondable it is very likely that the employer will discover this.

What do you feel are your greatest strengths?

Have you ever been fired or quit a job?

The interviewer is looking for clues to any problems you have had in previous jobs and if you may have the same problems in a new job. Try to:
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Avoid saying anything negative about yourself or your previous employer. If you had problems, explain them without being negative. Be careful not the use the word "fired" or "quit". Instead use words such as: "I changed jobs", "I was laid off", or "I needed a more challenging job". If you were fired and are not on good terms with your previous employer, explain the reason why you were fired. Stress that you learned something from the previous situation. Why haven't you worked recently?

This is your opportunity to brag a little bit. It is important that you have done your research about the type of work that you are applying for. For example if you are applying as a production labourer and from your research you understand that this type of work required people that have the ability to meet quotas, work as a team and make improvement suggestions, then it is important for you to incorporate this into your strengths.
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Example:

The interviewer is looking for clues to serious problems or job difficulties that could carry over to a new job. You might say:
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My greatest strength is that I have a lot of initiative. I am always looking for a better way to do things at work that I feel would save the company money and I can always achieve my production quotas. For example one time I was working at my station and I felt that I was wasting time by always having to walk to the other side of my station to get some parts. So I reorganized the station and my supervisor was really impressed as it increased my quota.

Since I was laid off from my previous employer, I have been actively looking for a job. However, as you know, there are many people looking for work and applying for the same jobs. I have always worked steadily but I haven't been able to find a job in the present job market. After I got laid off from my previous employer, I decided to go back to school to upgrade my skills so I can get a better, more secure job. What are your long-term goals or career plans?

What do you feel are your weaknesses?

You never want to give any indication of any weaknesses that you have. Turn you weaknesses into strengths by working it to the employer's advantage.
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Example:

The interviewer may want to know if you are ambitious, plan ahead, or if you set goals for yourself. The interviewer may also want to know what expectation you have of the company. You might say:
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I am the type of person or is very hard on myself. I am always expecting myself to do a little bit more. However, I guess this works out well for my employer. Or I never like to leave work until I have every thing finished completely. Sometimes this bothers me but I feel inside that it is important. Or I am the type of person who always takes my work home with me. This sometimes interferes with

I hope to become very good at my job and perhaps take some chooling to become more skilled in my field of work. I intend to learn (name of area or skills) very well so that I can be promoted to a higher position in (name skill or department).

my personal life but I feel that work comes first.

How would you describe your last employer?

Never run down or say anything negative about anybody or anyone. The employer will feel that you will do it to them. You should state the positive things such as he had high expectations and I really respected him for that. He was down to earth and really knew the job I was doing, if I had any problems he was approachable and would always give me suggestion or he gave the responsibility to do a good job.
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Keep this answer simple. If you were laid off simply say so, If your company downsized, simply say so. Do not go into a lot of detail. If you were terminated you will have to say you were let go but always follow up that as a result you have learned how to overcome this and feel it will not affect you in the future.

What are your long range goals?

Example:

I liked my employer. He/she treated me fairly and respected my work Or: I appreciated my previous employer having given me the opportunity to acquire a lot of skills and experiences in (name area of work skill).

The interviewer is trying to figure out whether or not you are going to be a long term employee or whether or not you will be using this job as a stepping stone to another objective. So, you should try to assure him/her that your intention is to stay with the company and to grow in your career within the company. You should respond "I am looking for a position with a company where I can stay and grow with and I feel this position would give me this opportunity."

What kind of machines or equipment have you worked with?

What five words would be describe you?

This is your opportunity to give some detail of what actual work skills you have. Don't be vague, supply all of the information that you have to offer.

These should be your transferrable skills such as reliable, punctual, organized,friendly, honest, cooperative, outgoing, easy to get along with, hardworking,energetic, take pride in my work, responsible, respected,dedicated.

What type of salary are you looking for?

Do not get into this subject unless you are forced to. Even then you want to leave an impression that you are flexible in this area.

What did you like about your last job?

What do you know about our company?

Say only positive things that you feel could transfer across to the position your are applying for.
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This is your opportunity to show them that you have taken the time to research their company in particular.

Example: Do you have any other skills of experiences that we have not discussed?

I liked my last job because I got along well with my co-workers and the work was challenging, fast paced and I was given a lot of responsibility to do a good job.

Why did you leave your last position?

List any other skills that you have that are related to the position. You can also discuss any hobbies or volunteer experience you have and discuss any interest courses or educational upgrading you have.