Name: __________________________ Date: _____________ 1. A concrete block is pulled 7.0 m across a frictionless surface by means of a rope.

The tension in the rope is 40 N; and the net work done on the block is 247 J. What angle does the rope make with the horizontal?

A) B) C) D) E)

28 41 47 62 88 2. A constant force of 25 N is applied as shown to a block which undergoes a displacement of 7.5 m to the right along a frictionless surface while the force acts. What is the work done by the force?

A) B) C) D) E)

zero joules +94 J 94 J +160 J 160 J

3. A 1500-kg car travels at a constant speed of 22 m/s around a circular track that is 80 m across. What is the kinetic energy of the car? A) zero joules B) 3.6 105 J C) 3.3 104 J D) 1.6 104 J E) 7.2 105 J 4. The kinetic energy of an 1100-kg truck is 4.6 105 J. What is the speed of the truck? A) 25 m/s B) 33 m/s C) 29 m/s D) 17 m/s E) 21 m/s 5. A 10.0-g bullet traveling horizontally at 755 m/s strikes a stationary target and stops
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A) B) C) D) E)

after penetrating 14.5 cm into the target. What is the average force of the target on the bullet? 1.97 104 N 2.07 105 N 6.26 103 N 3.13 104 N 3.93 104 N

6. During the construction of a high rise building, 40-kg block is vertically lifted 20 meters from the surface of the earth. To one significant figure, what is the change in the gravitational potential energy of the block? A) +800 J B) 800 J C) +8000 J D) 8000 J E) zero joules 7. A rock is thrown straight up from the surface of the Earth. Which one of the following statements describes the energy transformation of the rock as it rises? Neglect air resistance. A) The total energy of the rock increases. B) The kinetic energy increases and the potential energy decreases. C) Both the potential energy and the total energy of the rock increase. D) The kinetic energy decreases and the potential energy increases. E) Both the kinetic energy and the potential energy of the rock remain the same. 8. Complete the following statement: A force that acts on an object is said to be conservative if A) it obeys Newton's laws of motion. B) it results in a change in the object's kinetic energy. C) it always acts in the direction of motion of the object. D) the work it does on the object is independent of the path of the motion. E) the work it does on the object is equal to the increase in the object's kinetic energy. 9. Which one of the following choices is an example of a conservative force? A) tension B) normal force C) static frictional force D) motor propulsion force E) elastic spring force

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10. Which one of the following choices is an example of a non-conservative force? A) gravitational force B) electrical force C) kinetic frictional force D) elastic spring force 11. A helicopter (m = 1250 kg) is cruising at a speed of 25.0 m/s at an altitude of 185 m. What is the total mechanical energy of the helicopter? A) 3.91 105 J B) 2.66 106 J C) 2.27 106 J D) 6.18 105 J E) 1.88 106 J 12. A care package is dropped from rest from a helicopter hovering 25 m above the ground.What is the speed of the package just before it reaches the ground? Neglect air resistance. A) 22 m/s B) 16 m/s C) 12 m/s D) 8.0 m/s E) 5.0 m/s 13. The kinetic energy of a car is 8 106 J as it travels along a horizontal road. How much power is required to stop the car in 10 s? A) zero watts B) 8 104 W C) 8 105 W D) 8 106 W E) 8 107 W 14. What power is needed to lift a 49-kg person a vertical distance of 5.0 m in 20.0 s? A) 12.5 W B) 25 W C) 60 W D) 120 W E) 210 W 15. How much power is needed to lift a 75-kg student vertically upward at a constant speed of 0.33 m/s? A) 12.5 W

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B) C) D) E)

25 W 115 W 230 W 243 W

16. The force component acting on an object along the displacement varies with the displacement s as shown in the graph. Determine the work done on the object as it travels from s = 0.0 to 12 m.

A) B) C) D) E)

48 J 66 J 72 J 57 J 81 J

17. Which one of the following statements concerning momentum is true? A) Momentum is a force. B) Momentum is a scalar quantity. C) The SI unit of momentum is kg m2/s. D) The momentum of an object is always positive. E) Momentum and impulse are measured in the same units. 18. A projectile is launched with 200 kg m/s of momentum and 1000 J of kinetic energy. What is the mass of the projectile? A) 5 kg B) 10 kg C) 20 kg D) 40 kg E) 50 kg 19. A 0.1-kg steel ball is dropped straight down onto a hard, horizontal floor and bounces straight up. The ball's speed just before and just after impact with the floor is 10 m/s. Determine the magnitude of the impulse delivered to the floor by the steel ball. A) zero N s

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B) C) D) E)

1 N s 2 N s 10 N s 100 N s

20. A 0.065-kg tennis ball moving to the right with a speed of 15 m/s is struck by a tennis racket, causing it to move to the left with a speed of 15 m/s. If the ball remains in contact with the racquet for 0.020 s, what is the magnitude of the average force experienced by the ball? A) zero newtons B) 98 N C) 160 N D) 240 N E) 320 N 21. A bat strikes a 0.050-kg baseball so that its velocity changes by +30 m/s in 0.10 s. With what average force was the ball struck? A) +15 N B) 15 N C) +300 N D) 300 N E) +150 N 22. A 100-kg cannon at rest contains a 10-kg cannon ball. When fired, the cannon ball leaves the cannon with a speed of 90 m/s. What is the recoil speed of the cannon? A) 4.5 m/s B) 9 m/s C) 45 m/s D) 90 m/s E) zero m/s 23. Complete the following statement: Momentum will be conserved in a two-body collision only if A) both bodies come to rest. B) the collision is perfectly elastic. C) the kinetic energy of the system is conserved. D) the net external force acting on the two-body system is zero. E) the internal forces of the two body system cancel in action-reaction pairs.

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24. The drawing shows two 4.5-kg balls located on the y axis at 1.0 and 9.0 m, respectively; a third ball with a mass 2.3 kg is located at 6.0 m. What is the location of the center of mass of this system?

A) B) C) D) E)

4.8 m 5.2 m 5.6 m 6.0 m 6.4 m

25. A mother is holding her 4.5-kg baby in her arms while riding in a car moving at 22 m/s. The car is involved in a head-on collision and stops within 1.5 seconds. What is the magnitude of the force exerted by the baby on his mother's arms? A) 45 N B) 66 N C) 90 N D) 99 N E) 150 N 26. A 100-kg fisherman and a 500-kg supply crate are on a frozen pond that is essentially frictionless. The man and the crate are initially separated by a distance of 600 meters. The fisherman uses a very light rope to pull the crate closer to him. How far has the man moved when the crate reaches the fisherman? A) zero meters B) 10 m C) 50 m D) 100 m E) 500 m

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Use the following to answer question 27: A stationary 4-kg shell explodes into three pieces. Two of the fragments have a mass of 1 kg each and move along the paths shown with a speed of 10 m/s. The third fragment moves upward as shown.

27. What is the speed of the center of mass of this system after the explosion? A) zero m/s B) 1 m/s C) 3 m/s D) 5 m/s E) 7 m/s Problems Exercises 28. A car is traveling at 7.0 m/s when the driver applies the brakes. The car moves 1.5 m before it comes to a complete stop. If the car had been moving at 14 m/s, how far would it have continued to move after the brakes were applied? Assume the braking force is constant. A) 1.5 m B) 3.0 m C) 4.5 m D) 6.0 m E) 7.5 m 29. Use the work-energy theorem to find the force required to accelerate an electron (m = 9.11 1031 kg) from rest to a speed of 1.50 107 m/s in a distance of 0.0125 m. A) 8.20 1015 N B) 5.47 1022 N C) 8.20 1017 N D) 1.64 1014 N E) 3.56 1019 N

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30. A 12-kg crate is pushed up an incline from point A to point B as shown in the figure. What is the change in the gravitational potential energy of the crate?

A) B) C) D) E)

+590 J 590 J +1200 J 1200 J +60 J

Use the following to answer questions 31-32: A 2.0-kg projectile is fired with initial velocity components vox = 30 m/s and voy = 40 m/s from a point on the earth's surface. Neglect any effects due to air resistance. 31. What is the kinetic energy of the projectile when it reaches the highest point in its trajectory? A) zero joules B) 900 J C) 1600 J D) 2500 J E) 4900 J 32. How much work was done in firing the projectile? A) 900 J B) 1600 J C) 2500 J D) 4900 J E) 9800 J 33. Two boxes are connected to each other as shown. The system is released from rest and the 1.00-kg box falls through a distance of 1.00 m. The surface of the table is frictionless. What is the kinetic energy of box B just before it reaches the floor?

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A) B) C) D) E)

2.45 J 4.90 J 9.80 J 29.4 J 39.2 J

34. A roller-coaster car is moving at 20 m/s along a straight horizontal track. What will its speed be after climbing the 15-m hill shown in the figure, if friction is ignored?

A) B) C) D) E)

17 m/s 7 m/s 5 m/s 10 m/s 14 m/s

35. A skier leaves the top of a slope with an initial speed of 5.0 m/s. Her speed at the bottom of the slope is 13 m/s. What is the height of the slope? A) 1.1 m B) 4.6 m C) 6.4 m D) 7.3 m E) 11 m 36. A roller coaster starts from rest at the top of an 18-m hill as shown. The car travels to the bottom of the hill and continues up the next hill that is 10.0 m high.

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A) B) C) D) E)

How fast is the car moving at the top of the 10.0-m hill, if friction is ignored? 6.4 m/s 8.1 m/s 13 m/s 18 m/s 27 m/s

37. An engineer is asked to design a playground slide such that the speed a child reaches at the bottom does not exceed 6.0 m/s. Determine the maximum height that the slide can be. A) 1.8 m B) 2.9 m C) 3.2 m D) 4.5 m E) 14 m Use the following to answer questions 38-39: A block of mass m is released from rest at a height R above a horizontal surface. The acceleration due to gravity is g. The block slides along the inside of a frictionless circular hoop of radius R.

38. Which one of the following expressions gives the speed of the mass at the bottom of the hoop? A) zero m/s2 B) v = mgR mg v= 2R C ) g2 2 v = R D) E) v2 = 2gR 39. What is the magnitude of the normal force exerted on the block by the hoop when the block has reached the bottom?

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A) B) C) D) E)

zero newtons mg2/R mg 2mg 3mg

Use the following to answer questions 40-41: A 9.0-kg box of oranges slides from rest down a frictionless incline from a height of 5.0 m. A constant frictional force, introduced at point A, brings the block to rest at point B, 19 m to the right of point A.

40. What is the speed of the block just before it reaches point A? A) 98 m/s B) 21 m/s C) 9.9 m/s D) 5.7 m/s E) 4.4 m/s 41. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction, k, of the surface from A to B? A) 0.11 B) 0.26 C) 0.33 D) 0.47 E) 0.52

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Use the following to answer question 42: A 10.0-kg crate slides along a horizontal frictionless surface at a constant speed of 4.0 m/s. The crate then slides down a frictionless incline and across a second horizontal surface as shown in the figure.

42. What minimum coefficient of kinetic friction is required to bring the crate to a stop over a distance of 5.0 m along the lower surface? A) 0.30 B) 0.32 C) 0.60 D) 0.66 E) 0.76 Use the following to answer questions 43-44: A rope exerts a force F on a 20.0-kg crate. The crate starts from rest and accelerates upward at 5.00 m/s2 near the surface of the earth.

43. What is the kinetic energy of the crate when it is 4.0 m above the floor? A) 400 J B) 250 J C) 116 J D) 704 J E) 1180 J 44. How much work was done by the force F in raising the crate 4.0 m above the floor? A) 399 J B) 250 J C) 116 J D) 704 J
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E)

1180 J

45. What coefficient of friction would be required to keep the crate moving at constant speed under the action of the 325-N force? A) 0.250 B) 0.321 C) 0.508 D) 0.663 E) 0.747 46. A machine gun fires 50-g bullets at the rate of 4 bullets per second. The bullets leave the gun at a speed of 1000 m/s. What is the average recoil force experienced by the machine gun? A) 10 N B) 20 N C) 100 N D) 200 N E) 1000 N Use the following to answer questions 47-48: A 4.0-kg block slides along a frictionless surface with a constant speed of 5.0 m/s as shown. Two seconds after it begins sliding, a horizontal, time-dependent force is applied to the mass. The force is removed eight seconds later. The graph shows how the force on the block varies with time.

47. What is the magnitude of the total impulse of the force acting on the block? A) 20 N s B) 42 N s C) 48 N s D) 54 N s E) 60 N s

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48. What, approximately, is the speed of the block at t = 11 seconds? A) 5.0 m/s B) 16 m/s C) 25 m/s D) 65 m/s E) 75 m/s 49. A sled of mass m is coasting on the icy surface of a frozen river. While it is passing under a bridge, a package of equal mass m is dropped straight down and lands on the sled (without causing any damage). The sled plus the added load then continue along the original line of motion. How does the kinetic energy of the sled + load compare with the original kinetic energy of the sled? A) It is 1/4 the original kinetic energy of the sled. B) It is 1/2 the original kinetic energy of the sled. C) It is 3/4 the original kinetic energy of the sled. D) It is the same as the original kinetic energy of the sled. E) It is twice the original kinetic energy of the sled. 50. A bullet of mass m is fired at speed v0 into a wooden block of mass M. The bullet instantaneously comes to rest in the block. The block with the embedded bullet slides along a horizontal surface with a coefficient of kinetic friction .

Which one of the following expressions determines how far the block slides before it comes to rest (the magnitude of displacement s in the figure)? 2 mv0 s= M g A) 2 m v0 s= m + M g B) 2 2 m v0 s = m + M 2 g C)

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 m s= m+M D) 2 v0 s= g E )

2 v0 2 g

51. A 3.0-kg cart moving to the right with a speed of 1.0 m/s has a head-on collision with a 5.0-kg cart that is initially moving to the left with a speed of 2.0 m/s. After the collision, the 3.0-kg cart is moving to the left with a speed of 1.0 m/s. What is the final velocity of the 5.0-kg cart? A) zero m/s B) 0.80 m/s to the right C) 0.80 m/s to the left D) 2.0 m/s to the right E) 2.0 m/s to the left 52. A 1000-kg car traveling east at 20 m/s collides with a 1500-kg car traveling west at 10 m/s. The cars stick together after the collision. What is the common velocity of the cars after the collision? A) 16 m/s, east B) 6 m/s, west C) 4 m/s, east D) 2 m/s, east E) 1 m/s, west 53. A 50.0-kg boy runs at a speed of 10.0 m/s and jumps onto a cart as shown in the figure. The cart is initially at rest. If the speed of the cart with the boy on it is 2.50 m/s, what is the mass of the cart?

A) B) C) D) E)

150 kg 175 kg 210 kg 260 kg 300 kg

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54. A 2.5-kg ball and a 5.0-kg ball have an elastic collision. Before the collision, the 2.5kg ball was at rest and the other ball had a speed of 3.5 m/s. What is the kinetic energy of the 2.5-kg ball after the collision? A) 1.7 J B) 3.4 J C) 8.1 J D) 14 J E) 27 J 55. Two asteroids are drifting in space with trajectories shown. Assuming the collision at point O between them is completely inelastic, at what angle from its original direction is the larger asteroid deflected?

A) B) C) D) E)

80 above the +x axis 69 above the +x axis 42 above the +x axis 47 above the +x axis 90 above the +x axis

56. In the game of billiards, all the balls have approximately the same mass, about 0.17 kg. In the figure, the cue ball strikes another ball such that it follows the path shown. The other ball has a speed of 1.5 m/s immediately after the collision. What is the speed of the cue ball after the collision?

A) B) C) D) E)

1.5 m/s 1.8 m/s 2.6 m/s 4.3 m/s 5.2 m/s

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57. During hockey practice, two pucks are sliding across the ice in the same direction. At one instant, a 0.18-kg puck is moving at 16 m/s while the other puck has a mass of 0.14 kg and a speed of 3.8 m/s. What is the velocity of the center of mass of the two pucks? A) 5.0 m/s B) 7.0 m/s C) 9.0 m/s D) 11 m/s E) 13 m/s Use the following to answer questions 58-60: A 2.0-kg pistol fires a 1.0-g bullet with a muzzle speed of 1000 m/s. The bullet then strikes a 10kg wooden block resting on a horizontal frictionless surface. The block and the embedded bullet then slide across the surface.

58. What is the kinetic energy of the bullet as it travels toward the block? A) 100 J B) 500 J C) 1000 J D) 5000 J E) 10 000 J 59. The explosive charge in the pistol acts for 0.001 s. What is the average force exerted on the bullet while it is being fired? A) 0.001 N B) 1.0 N C) 100 N D) 500 N E) 1000 N 60. What is the speed of the "bullet + block" system immediately after the bullet is embedded in the block? A) 0.1 m/s B) 10 m/s C) 1000 m/s D) 10 000 m/s

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E)

zero m/s

Use the following to answer question 61: A stationary 4-kg shell explodes into three pieces. Two of the fragments have a mass of 1 kg each and move along the paths shown with a speed of 10 m/s. The third fragment moves upward as shown.

61. What is the speed of the third fragment? A) zero m/s B) 1 m/s C) 5 m/s D) 10 m/s E) 20 m/s

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Answer Key
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. A C B C A C D D E C B A C D E B E C C B A B D B B E A D A A B C A D D C A E E C B E A E

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45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61.

D D B B B C C D A E A C D B E A C

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