MAKING ORANGE ESSENTIAL OIL

Member: Aileen D. Gomez Kristine Ann P. Pimentel Andre Josept Manaois

Introduction:
Orange fruit Three essential oils are obtained from oranges: oil of orange, obtained from the rind of the fruit and used principally as a flavoring agent; oil of pet grain, obtained from the leaves and twigs and used in perfumery; and oil of neroli, obtained from the blossoms and used in flavorings and perfumes. Oranges, of great commercial importance, are cultivated in warm regions, although they are native to southeastern Asia. The sour orange was introduced to the Mediterranean region by the Arabs about the 10th century, and the sweet orange was introduced by Genoese traders in the 15th century. In the United States the principal orange-producing states are Florida (the orange blossom is the state flower), California, Texas, and Arizona. At the beginning of the 21st century annual production of oranges in the United States was about 7 million metric tons. The principal varieties of the sweet orange cultivated by orange growers of the eastern United States are the Hamlin and Parson Brown, both early-maturing, seedy varieties with thin, russet skin and juicy pulp. Both eastern and western growers cultivate the Valencia, a late variety that is commercially seedless, having two to five seeds. The principal crops of the western growers consist of the Valencia and the Bahia, or Washington navel orange, imported from Bahia, Brazil, in 1870, and developed in Washington, D.C., by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The navel orange is a seedless orange, with medium-thick rind, in which a second small, or abortive, orange grows. A variety of the Washington navel orange is the principal orange product of Texas. The sour orange is cultivated to a limited extent for marmalade and to provide rootstock for less vigorous strains. About 20 percent of the total crop of oranges is sold as whole fruit; the remainder is used in preparing frozen and canned orange juice, extracts, and preserves.

Background of the study: An orange is a type of citrus fruit which people often eat. Oranges are a very good source of vitamins, especially vitamin C.[1]. Orange juice is an important part of many

people's breakfast. The "sweet orange", which is the kind that are most often eaten today, grew first in Asia but now grows in many parts of the world. Oranges are round orange-colored fruit that grow on a tree which can reach 10 meters high. Orange trees have dark green shiny leaves and small white flowers with five petals. The flowers smell very sweet which attracts many bees. An orange has a tough shiny orange skin. Inside, the fruit is divided into "segments", which have thin tough skins that hold together many little sections with juice inside. There are usually ten segments in an orange, but sometimes there are more. Inside each segment of most types of orange there are seeds called "pips". Orange trees can be grown from pips, but some types of orange trees can only be grown from "cuttings" (a piece cut off a tree and made to grow roots). The segments and the skin are separated by white stringy fibrous material called "pith". In most types of oranges, the skin can be peeled off the pith, and the segments can be pulled apart with the fingers to be eaten. In some oranges it is hard to take the skin off. With mandarin oranges, the skin, pith and segments can all be pulled apart very easily. Orange skin is often called "orange peel". Oranges are an important food source in many parts of the world for several reasons. They are a commonly available source of vitamin C. The juice is a refreshing drink. They

last longer than many other fruits when they are stored. They are easy to transport because each orange comes in its own tough skin which acts as a container. They can be piled into heaps or carried in bags, lunchboxes and shipping containers without being easily damaged. The color orange takes its name from the fruit. The word "orange" is unusual because it is one of only a few English words that do not rhyme with anything.[2].

Statement of a problem: 1. 2. 3. 4. What would happen if someone uses this? Where do usually use this? Who need this oil? Why is this so important?

Objective : I propose to review the available literature about using orange as a possible of making essential oils out of orange fruit. In this review we will achieve the following two goals: (1.) Explain the criteria for a suitable high-level of essential oil. (2.) Determine whether these orange oil meet this criteria. Health benefits of oranges

Nutrients in oranges are plentiful and diverse. The fruit is low in calories, contains no saturated fats or cholesterol, but is rich in dietary fiber, pectin, which

is very effective in persons with excess body weight. Pectin, by its action as a bulk laxative, helps to protect the mucous membrane of the colon by decreasing its exposure time to toxic substances as well as by binding to cancer-causing chemicals in the colon. Pectin has also been shown to reduce blood cholesterol levels by decreasing its re-absorption in the colon by binding to bile acids in the colon.

Oranges, like other citrus fruits, is an excellent source of vitamin C (provides 53.2 mg per 100 g, about 90% of DRI); Vitamin C is a powerful natural antioxidant. Consumption of foods rich in vitamin C helps the body develop resistance against infectious agents and scavenge harmful, pro-inflammatory free radicals from the blood.

Orange fruit contains a variety of photochemical. Hesperetin, naringin, and naringenin are flavonoids found in citrus fruits. Naringenin is found to have a bio-active effect on human health as antioxidant, free radical scavenger, anti-inflammatory, and immune system modulator. This substance has also been shown to reduce oxidant injury to DNA in vitro studies. Total antioxidant strength (ORAC) of oranges (navel variety) is 1819 mol TE/100 g.

Oranges also contain very good levels of vitamin A, and other flavonoid antioxidants such as alpha andbeta-carotenes, beta-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin and lutein. These compounds are known to have antioxidant properties. Vitamin A is also required for maintaining healthy mucus membranes and skin and is essential for vision. Consumption of natural fruits rich in flavonoids helps the body to protect from lung and oral cavity cancers.

It is also a very good source of B-complex vitamins such as thiamin, pyridoxine, and folates. These vitamins are essential in the sense that body requires them from external sources to replenish.

Orange fruit also contains a very good amount of minerals like potassium and calcium. Potassium is an important component of cell and body fluids that helps control heart rate and blood pressure through countering sodium actions.

Citrus fruits, as such, have long been valued for their wholesome nutritious and antioxidant properties. It is scientifically established that citrus fruits, especially oranges, by virtue of their richness in vitamins and minerals, have many proven health benefits. Moreover, it is now beginning to be appreciated that the other biologically active, non-nutrient compounds in the citrus fruits such as phyto-chemical antioxidants, soluble and insoluble dietary fiber helps in cutting risk for cancers, chronic diseases like arthritis, obesity, and coronary heart diseases.

Significance of the study: The importance to this study is to know the effectiveness of essential oil in our society, because many of us have a problem in surroundings. So as a solution we will make a orange essential oil as an alternative oil. According to our research orange peel contains many volatile oil glands in pits. Interior flesh is composed of segments called carpels, made up of numerous fluid-filled vesicles that are actually specialized hair cells.

Review and related literature:

Methodology:

Materials/equipment:

Orange fruit Double boiler Cheesecloth/sieve or clean towel Stirring rod Stove Container Knife

Treatment/general procedure:

Peel the oranges and put them at the top of double boiler Cut the oranges in half squeeze its juice underneath the top of double boiler Light up your stove, place the double boiler on top, and just let it simmer there about 1-2 hours When it is done, check it out and see some oily substance appearing on its surface. Stir the mixture up, and then turn off the stove and let sit there for about an hour so it cools down. (while waiting , you can prepare your cheesecloth and a container ) About an hour, bring the double boiler in and if using youre sieve, place it on top of a container and pour it down. (Make sure you keep an eye on it while pouring because you wont want to pour in the peels too. If you are using a cheesecloth/sieve, just put it in your container, with the sides hanging over the top and pour down the oil. Pick the cheesecloth up by the edges and squeeze it into your hands.)

Youre done. (You can use the oil to rub into your body while showering, as its refreshing, or just use it as body lotion because it smells lovely.)

Budgetary requirement:

3 Orange fruit Clean towel Container

15.00 20.00 . 20.00

References: http://www.freesciencefairproject.com/requirements.htm Mauseth, James David. Microsoft Student 2008 [DVD]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2007. Microsoft Encarta 2008. 1993-2007 Microsoft Corporation. www.google.com.ph