Marcelo H.

del Pilar ULYSIS BUGARING 2M1 Marcelo Hilario del Pilar y Gatmaitan popularly known as Plaridel leading propagandist for reforms in the Philippines editor and co-publisher of La Solidaridad born August 30, 1850 in Cupang, San Nicolas, Bulacan. The youngest of ten children of Julin H. del Pilar and Blasa Gatmaitn. His father had held thrice the post of gobernadorcillo in their home town. Marcelo H. del Pilar started school in the College of Mr. Jose Flores transferred afterwards to Colegio de San Jos in Manila and at the University of Santo Toms; at the age of thirty he finished the course in law. He devoted more time to writing than in the practice of his profession because in the former he saw a better opportunity to be of service to his oppressed country. His oldest brother, Father Toribio H. del Pilar, a Catholic priest, had been deported along with other Filipino patriots to Guam in 1872 following the Cavite Mutiny. Fired by a sense of justice against the abuses of the clergy, Del Pilar attacked bigotry and hypocrisy and defended in court the impoverished victims of racial discrimination. He preached the gospel of work, self-respect, and human dignity. His mastery of Tagalog, his native language, enabled him to arouse the consciousness of the masses to the need for unity and sustained resistance against the Spanish tyrants.
A master polemist in both the Tagalog and Spanish languages, Del Pilar was the most feared by the Spanish colonial authorities. Multi-talented Plaridel played the violin, the piano and the flute. He was good in fencing. He used to sing in serenades and played beautiful pieces on the violin during Flores de Mayo. He later married his cousin Marciana del Pilar in 1878. The couple had seven children named Sofia, Jose Maria, Maria Rosario, Maria Consolacion, JoseMariano Leon, Maria Concepcion (of which five died in infancy). Plaridel established the Diariong Tagalogin 1882 to publish observations and criticisms on how the Spanish government in the Philippines was run. Pedro Serrano Laktaw helped him in publishing "Dasalan at Tuksuhan" and the "Pasyong Dapat Ipa-alab ng Puso ng Taong Bayan".

In Spain, he and Graciano Lopez-Jaena published the "La Solidaridad" which was the organ which contained their desires in improving the Philippine Government. He succeeded Lopez-Jaena as editor of the La Solidaridad. He died a poor man with tuberculosis on July 4, 1896 in Barcelona, Spain.

In 1882 Del Pilar founded the newspaper Diariong Tagalog to propagate democratic liberal ideas among the farmers and peasants. In 1888 he defended Jos Rizal's polemical writings by issuing a pamphlet against a priest's attack, exhibiting his deadly wit and savage ridicule of clerical follies. In 1888, fleeing from clerical persecution, Del Pilar went to Spain, leaving his family behind. In December 1889 he succeeded Graciano Lopez Jaena as editor of the Filipino reformist periodical La solidaridad in Madrid. He promoted the objectives of the paper by contacting liberal Spaniards who would side with the Filipino cause. Under Del Pilar, the aims of the newspaper were expanded to include removal of the friars and the secularization of the parishes; active Filipino participation in the affairs of the government; freedom of speech, of the press, and of assembly; wider social and political freedoms; equality before the law; assimilation; and representation in the Spanish Cortes, or Parliament. Del Pilar's difficulties increased when the money to support the paper was exhausted and there still appeared no sign of any immediate response from the Spanish ruling class. Before he died of tuberculosis caused by hunger and enormous privation, Del Pilar rejected the assimilationist stand and began planning an armed revolt. He vigorously affirmed this conviction: "Insurrection is the last remedy, especially when the people have acquired the belief that peaceful means to secure the remedies for evils prove futile." This idea inspired Andres Bonifacio's Katipunan, a secret revolutionary organization. Del Pilar died in Barcelona on July 4, 1896. He was buried in the Cementerio del Oeste/Cementerio Nuevo where his remains stayed for the next twenty-four years. Paradoxically, a renowned Christian member of the Philippine magistrate, Justice Daniel Romuldez, made all the necessary procedures of exhuming the body of del Pilar, one of the highest-ranking Masons of the Propaganda Movement. His remains finally arrived on 3 December 1920. He was welcomed by members of Masonic lodges (perhaps unaware of del Pilars retraction, or they simply refused to believe it), government officials, and his family of course. Sofa by then was already 41; and del Pilars little Anita was no longer little she was already 33.Anita was very much traumatized by that fateful separation. Bitter up to the end, she still could not accept the fact that her father chose the country, ang bayan, before family.

MASONRY

Marcelo H. del Pilar started his active nationalistic crusade after obtaining his license in jurisprudence in 1880. To reach the masses, he published Diariong Tagalog in 1882. His participation as the alleged author of the anti-friar petition during a mass demonstration in 1888 and as a lawyer, his successful defense of its leaders made him a target of persecution. In 1889, he sailed for Spain as delegate of the Comite de Propaganda where, along with other Filipino expatriates, he continued his fight for reforms. He succeeded Graciano Lopez-Jaena as editor of the propaganda newspaper La Solidaridad. He became a Mason in 1889 and became a close friend of Miguel Morayta a professor at the Universidad Central de Madrid, president of the Asociacin Hispano-Filipino and Grand Master of Masons of the Gran Oriente Espaol. Del Pilar was responsible for the official authority granted by Morayta to establish Filipino lodges in the country. By 1891, the first lodge was constituted, affiliated by the Gran Oriente Espaol as Logia Nilad No. 144 in 1892. From here came other Filipino Lodges. In 1893, it was again del Pilar who obtained for the Filipino Masons, the approval for the establishment of the Gran Consejo Regional de Filipinas, the first national organization of Masons in the Philippines. For all his efforts, he is considered as the Father of True Filipino Masonry.

Rizal and Del Pilar Jose Rizal frequently visited Spain, where he met with fellow Filipino intellectuals like Marcelo H. del Pilar, Mariano Ponce, and Graciano LopezJaena. A rivalry had ensued between Rizal and del Pilar over the leadership of the Asociacin Hispano Filipino in Spain. Rizal decided to leave Europe to avoid the worsening rift between the Rizalistas and Pilaristas, and to help maintain unity among Filipino expatriates. Marcelo just like Rizal and other Filipino heroes of his generation, he never fought against Spain. They fought against the Church, the sworn enemy of their fraternity (Freemasonry).

La Solidaridad In order to help achieve its goals, the Propaganda Movement put up its own newspaper, called La Solidaridad. The Soli, as the reformists fondly called their official organ, came out once every two weeks. The first issue saw print was published on November 15, 1895.

The Solidaridads first editor was Graciano Lopez Jaena. Marcelo H. del Pilar took over in October 1889. Del Pilar managed the Soli until it stopped publication due to lack of funds. In all his writings were keen criticism of Filipino shortcomings but these were unheeded and today the books are supposed to have served their usefulness. There are admirers of Rizal who chew betel nut, fight roosters, follow caciques and neglect work with never a thought that he scored their type as unmercifully as ever he did unworthy friar of dishonest official. The friar is no longer a landlord and the "Guardia Civil" is out of the land but it

is more popular apparently to remember Rizal's views of these than his opinions on men and conditions whose like are still with us. For some time Rizal had contributed to a newspaper in Madrid which was the organ of the Filipinos in asking reform of abuses and seeking more liberal government for the Archipelago. The "La Solodaridad" was supported by subscription from the Islands but Dr. Rizal felt that it was following rather a policy to get money to keep it going afford maintenance for its promoters than trying to do what would be most beneficial to the Philippines, so he severed his relationship and left the paper entirely in the hands of Marcelo H. del Pilar and his followers. He no longer cared for representation of the Islands in the Spanish Cortes for he feared the men who would be sent might not be disinterested patriots. He realized education of the people was necessary so that the masses should not be at the mercy of a few leaders. To understand Rizal's relations with these leaders whose ideals culminated in the Katipunan it must be borne in mind that del Pilar and his associates were protgs of Prof. Morayta, the grand master of the "Gran Oriente Espaol". This organization was a rival of, and radically different from, the body to which Dr. Rizal adhered in that it was essentially political. In the disturbances Masonic conditions in Spain it finally triumphed over its more conservative competitor and came to have the field itself. It started lodges in the Philippines of Filipinos and to these its leaders kept sending appeals for money to be used in gifts and banquets to curry favor with influential persons in Madrid. Its early Philippine experiences were unfortunate in frequent charges that money raised was misapplied and that considerable sums never passed from the hands of the collectors.

Works of Marcelo

Monachism in the Philippines by Del Pilar, Marcelo Original date of document: January 12 1888 Original place of publication: Barcelona, Spain Summary: In this document written in 1888, Marcelo H. del Pilar calls upon Spain and the Philippine government to re-evaluate their policy towards the regular clergy, who he believes are an enemy to the well-being of Filipinos. Del Pilar questions the influence of the friars, who for the longest time have been the unquestionable guardian of Spanish integrity. He resolves to instill doubt in the readers as he proposes questions that insinuate the real reason why the government, and other such influential entities, have yet to persecute the regular clergy.

Government relegations by Del Pilar, Marcelo Original date of document: January 21 1889 Original place of publication: Barcelona, Spain Summary: Having witnessed the injustices of the inquisitorial system in the Philippines, Marcelo H. del Pilar writes about the corporal punishment of banishment prescribed by the Civil Code during the 19th century. Del Pilar notes that although most courts do not have sufficient evidence for conviction, deportation and relegation have become common punishments even for those people merely suspected of committing any crime. He also realizes that the administration in the Philippines has been playing a diplomatic game, such as the "Pleiades" that creates tension between the government and the people so that the former may attain more power. According to him, this is how the best intentions of Spain toward the Philippines are converted into monstrous forms of despotism.

Marcelo H. del Pilar, Barcelona, 17 February 1889 [to Jose Rizal]by Del Pilar, Marcelo Original date of document: February 17 1889 Original place of publication:Barcelona Summary: Marcelo H. del Pilar writes to Jos Rizal, telling the latter about the birth of the La Solidaridad, and describing his own idleness as opposed to the zeal of the publication's other adherents. Del Pilar encourages Rizal to write to the women of Malolos to encourage them in their campaign for education. He also explains that Rizal's article Los viajes could not be published because of lack of space in the paper.

Marcelo H. del Pilar, Barcelona, 10 March 1889 [to Jose Rizal]by Del Pilar, Marcelo Original date of document:March 10 1889 Original place of publication:Barcelona Summary: Marcelo H. del Pilar expresses sincere gratitude and appreciation for Jos Rizal's praise of his La Soberania Monacal. He relegates himself to a mere

follower of Rizal's standard, and states that the latter has no right yet to die. Del Pilar also opines that insults to Rizal's name are also slights, darts, against those who cherish him, and discusses the case of the imprisoned gobernadorcillos. The Philippines and public opinionby Del Pilar, Marcelo Original date of document: July 27 1888 Original place of publication: Barcelona, Summary: In this short excerpt from The Deluge printed in 1888, Marcelo H. del Pilar discusses the clear contrasts between the government and the clergy and condemns the latter for threatening Filipinos in order to attain the fear of the populace, power within the country, and an influential hold on the people in order to prevent the "preterition of their function" in the Philippines.

Marcelo H. del Pilar, Madrid, 28 February 1890 [to Jose Rizal]by Del Pilar, Marcelo Original date of document: February 28 1890Original place of publication: Madrid Summary: Marcelo H. del Pilar informs Jos Rizal that Antonio Luna is looking for the biographies of famous Filipinos. Plaridel requests Rizal to send his biography, and informs him that La Solidaridad is being read in the Philippines, albeit the avarice of some postal office authorities. Lastly, he shares a rift between Weyler and Becerra.

Marcelo H. del Pilar, Madrid, 7 August 1891 to Jose Rizalby Del Pilar, Marcelo Original date of document: August 7 1891 Original place of publication: MadridSummary: In this letter, Marcelo H. del Pilar informs Jos Rizal that newspapers in Manila talks about the resentment between them. Plaridel also speaks of receiving orders concerning Graciano Lopez Jaena, vowing to carry them out. He promises to immediately give the prize which Rizal had proposed to the winner, Antonio Luna. Lastly, he invites Rizal to write once more for the La Solidaridad, after taking the latter's congratulations.

Marcelo H. del Pilar, Madrid, 20 July 1892 to Jose Rizal by Del Pilar, Marcelo Original date of document: July 20 1892

Summary: In this letter to Jos Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar addresses Rizal's grievances over the article written by Eduardo de Lete. Rizal laments that del Pilar allowed such an article to be published. Del Pilar professes that Lete's character in his article was not alluded to Rizal, and in case the latter was offended, Lete did not mean it. He laments the deportation of Rizal together with the entire Filipino colony in Madrid, and prophesizes that he will be joining him soon. Lastly, he describes Lete's article as a call to reflection for all Filipinos and not intentionally a bad personality sketch of Rizal.

How valid a Spaniard is the Friar? by Del Pilar, Marcelo Summary: In this article, Marcelo H. del Pilar questions the validity of a statement in a monastic pamphlet, which claims that the friar is a Spaniard. Del Pilar enumerates several instances and historical events to refute this claim and reiterates that the friars in the Philippines should not be considered Spaniards.

Filibusterism by Del Pilar, Marcelo Summary: In this article, Marcelo H. del Pilar discusses and critiques the existence of "Filibusterism" in the Philippines, which for the longest time has been the reason for a number of unsupported accusations and has sent numerous lives to the gallows. Believing that filibusterism does not exist in the hearts of his countrymen, Del Pilar provides insights into several events that have been exaggerated by friars and other government officials in order to arouse resentment, disillusion, and desperation among the Filipino people.

The influence of the friar on the Filipinos by Del Pilar, Marcelo Summary: In response to a pamphlet written about the moral influence of the friars, Marcelo H. del Pilar discusses the decline of the friars' influence in the Philippines and enumerates what he perceives to be the reasons for the friars' opposition to anything that will foster civilization among Filipinos. Del Pilar notes that it is evident that the friars no longer influences the Filipinos minds; they only inspires terror in the government, which is capable of destroying the peace of mind and tranquility of every citizen. Our indications by Del Pilar, Marcelo Summary:

In this article, Marcelo H. del Pilar argues that the friars are a hindrance to the progress of the Philippines and are responsible for the impairment of the rights of Filipinos. Del Pilar adds that although the friars are to respected and revered, they must also remember that their true purpose is to pray and weep in repentance and not to meddle with the affairs of government.

The Friar's role in the civilization of the Philippines by Del Pilar, Marcelo Summary: In this article, Marcelo H. del Pilar questions the real role of the friars in the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. Although they have contributed much in terms of the Christianization of the islands, Del Pilar argues that their role in the development of Philippine society has been overemphasized, and that the claim that the friars have transformed the Philippines from a filthy chrysalis in to a perfect butterfly may either be fraud or heresy. Isang polyeto na isinulat ni Plaridel na naglalaman ng pang-uuyam at pagbatikos sa pang-aabuso ng mga prayle na nagdudulot ng labis napaghihirap sa mga Pilipino Ginamit niya dito ang mga karaniwang dinarasal ng mga Pilipino na itinuturo ng mga prayle noon gayang Ama Namin at Aba Ginoong Maria

Ang Tanda Ang tanda ng kara krus ang ipangadya mo sa amin, Panginoon naming Prayle, sa mga bangkay namin, Sa ngalan ng Salapi at ng Maputing binti, at ng Espiritong Bugaw. Siya nawa.

Pagsisisi Panginoon kong Fraile, Dios na hindi totoo at labis nang pagkatuo gumaga at sumalakay sa akin: pinagsisihan kong masakit sa tanang loobang dilang pag-asa lo sa iyo, ikaw nga ang dugo ko. Panginoon ko at kaauay ko na inihihibik kong lalo sa lahat, nagtitika akong matibay na matibay na dina muli-muling mabubuyo sa iyo: at lalayuan ko na at pangingilagan ang balanang makababacla nang loob ko sa pag-asa sa iyo, macalilibat nang dating sakit nang manga bulsa ko, at nagtitika naman acong maglalathala nang dilang pagcadaya ko umaasa akong babambuhin ka rin, alang-alang sa mahal na panyion at pangangalakal mo nang Cruz, sa pag-ulol sa akin. Siya naua.

Ang Ama Namin

Ama namin sumasakumbento ka, sumpain ang ngalan mo, malayo sa amin ang kasakiman mo, gilitan ang leeg mo dito sa lupa para ng sa langit. Saulian mo kami ngayon ng aming iyong inaraw-araw at patawanin mo kami sa iyong pag-ungal para nang pagpapatawa mo kung kamiy nakakwartahan; at huwag mo kaming ipahintulot sa iyong mga tukso at ihadya mo kami sa masama mong dila.

Ang Aba Po Santa Baria Aba po Santa Bariang Hari, inagao nang Fraile, ikao ang kabuhayan at katamisan. Aba bunga nang aming pauis, ikaw ang pinagpaguran naming pinapanaw na tauong Anac ni Eva, ikaw nga ang ipinagbubuntonh hininga naming sa aming pagtangis dito sa bayang pinakahapishapis. Ay aba pinakahanaphanap naming para sa aming manga anak, ilingon mo sa aming ang cara- i cruz mo man lamang at saka bago matapos ang pagpanaw mo sa amin ay iparinig mo sa amin ang iyong kalasing Santa Baria ina nang deretsos, malakas at maalam, matunog na guinto kami ipanalangin mong huag magpatuloy sa aming ang manga banta nang Fraile. Amen.

Ang Aba Ginoong Barya Aba ginoong barya nakapupuno ka nang alkansya ang FraileI sumasainyo bukod ka niyang pinagpalat pina higit sa lahat, pinagpala naman ang kaban mong mapasok. Santa Barya Ina nang Deretsos, ipanalangin mo kaming huwag anitan ngayon at kami ipapatay. Siya naua... Ang manga utos nang Fraile ay sampo: Ang nauna: Sambahin mo ang Fraile na lalo sa lahat. Ang ikalaua: Huag kang mag papahamak manuba nang ngalang deretsos. Ang ikatlo: Mangilin ka sa Fraile lingo man at fiesta. Ang ikapat: Isangla mo ang catauan mo sa pagpapalibing sa amat ina, Ang ikalima: Huag kang mamamatay kung uala pang salaping pang libing. Ang ikanim: Huag kang makiapid sa kanyang asaua. Ang ikapito: Huag kang makinakaw. Anh ikaualo: Huag mo silang pagbibintangan, kahit ka masinungalingan. Ang ikasiyam: Huag mong ipagkait ang iyong asaua. Ang ikapulo: Huag mong itangui ang iyong ari. Itong sampong utos nang FraileI dalaua ang kinaoouian. Ang isa: Sambahin mo ang Fraile lalo sa lahat. Ang ikalaua: Ihayin mo naman sa kaniya ang puri mot kayamanan. Siya naua. Ang manga kabohongang asal, ang pangalai tontogales ay tatlo. Igalang mo Katakutan mo Ang Fraile At Pag Manuhan mo ..

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