Preserving Bamboo - Bamboo Treatment - Preservao de bamboo

By Mastok Setyanto, Indonesia July 23, 2013 at 11:06 am preservation of bamboo processing What is the preservation of bamboo? To improve the durability and performance of bamboo and bamboo products need to be preserved, either with materials that are chemical preservatives or without chemicals, in the traditional way / conventional that has existed since the first or the more modern. The purpose of the preservation of bamboo are: Increased durability and time utilization of bamboo. Resist and delay damages Maintaining the stability of the structure and strength of bamboo Adding another such resistance is more resistant to fire. Improve the aesthetic quality of the bamboo. Why bamboo should be preserved? Bamboo is a natural material that besifat organic. Without specific treatment to protect it, the durability of bamboo will be less than three years. Unlike other hardwoods such as teak, meranti, bamboo structure has no toxic or toxic elements. Coupled with the presence of many elements of the sugars contained in the bamboo that invites microorganisms. Krusakan bologis bamboo can affect usability, power and value of bamboo and bamboo products. Damage can result in: Weathering Cracks or breaks Incidence of stains and holes Thus preservation is essential if bamboo is intended for purposes of building structures where safety is a major consideration. In addition to the replacement of damaged components is not preserved will require time and expense. Increased age of bamboo as preservation will be more profitable in the long run. In terms of preservation methods, selection methods pangawetan itself is actually very dependent on several factors. Way and certain materials may be less appropriate or less appropriate to be applied. However, the many options and methods of preservation techniques can cover almost all needs and utilization of bamboo. Here is a couple of factors to consider before determining the method of choice and

preservatives: Bamboo condition (dry or wet) Forms will be preserved if the bamboo when intact, split bamboo or already in the form of handicraft products. The intended use, whether for structural or non-structural. Scale bamboo preservation or number needs sendir Preserving Traditional Preservation of Traditional The meaning here is the preservation of traditional practices and the treatment of the doings communities for generations that aims to improve the life of the bamboo. The various ways to preserve them in the form of: Control of cutting time. Is pengawturan time cutting bamboo at certain times according to your beliefs or customs of the people to raise their durability compared to the felling of bamboo at any time. Control time logging in Indonesia there are many versions, including: Berdasarkam logging in certain specific seasons (mongso / prey) in Javanese / Sundanese, generally on mongso 9 (March) is considered as the most appropriate time to cut bamboo. Logging at certain hours, such as logging done at the crack of dawn is believed to increase the resilience of bamboo. Logging at certain times, such as cutting at the time of the full moon in some areas believed to reduce pest attacks on bamboo. Soaking bamboo, bamboo has been harvested soaked for months or even years in order tesebut bamboo resistant to weathering and insect attack. Immersion done well in ponds, rice fields, ditches, rivers or in laut.penebangan time in a given month (mongso / prey) in Javanese / Sundanese, generally on mongso 9 (March) is considered as the most appropriate time to cut bamboo. The downside of this system is, bamboo soaked in a long time, when appointed will issue a mud and bad odor, it would take a long time to dry after soaking up the smell is reduced and can be used as building materials. Fumigation bamboo, in addition to the time control logging and submergence, traditional bamboo also sometimes smoked to boost durability. Traditionally bamboo placed in a smoky (kitchen or other incinerators), bamboo moisture gradually reduced so that the biological damage can be avoided. Currently actually way smoked already modernized, some bamboo manufacturers in Japan and Latin America have been using more advanced curing system for curing bamboo on a large scale for commercial needs. Dyeing with lime. In the form of split bamboo or thin strip dipped in a solution of lime (CaOH2) which then turned into calcium carbonate which can hinder the absorption of water to avoid bamboo fungus attack. Roasting / baking. Usually done to straighten a bent bamboo or otherwise. This process

can damage the structure of the existing GLA in bamboo carbon form, so it is not liked by beetles or fungi. Modern preservation Modern Preservation Method The definition of modern preservation methods here is the preservation of the input harness barupa chemicals. To increase the efficiency of chemical preservation age is influenced by the anatomical structure of bamboo bamboo itself. Preservation of bamboo is more difficult to do than the preservation of wood due to the following conditions: No absorption lines radial (horizontal when erect bamboo) as we have in the wood, so that the displacement solution from cell to cell depending on the diffusion process slowly. Bamboo stem cells that play a role in the transport process preservative only 8% compared to the soft wood that reached 70%, 20% hard karu or rattan 30%, this led to the preservation of bamboo takes a longer time. Penawet radial absorption of material through the outer skin of bamboo blocked by a hard layer of bamboo bark (cortex), whereas from the inside hindered by thick lignin structure. Although the existing vertical shaft allows easy solution passing through bamboo cells, but the presence of the books among the bamboo shoots to isolate and slow the absorption of the other part. When bamboo is cut, fluid action bamboo cover "injury" that is so limiting access preservatives. So the bamboo should be preserved when the conditions are still wet. In dry conditions the liquid is dried bamboo in bamboo hinder the diffusion process between cells, thus slowing down the process of absorption of preservatives. Preservative Preservative in question here is a good supplementary materials that are natural or chemical materials. In practice, traditional preservation often uses natural ingredients such as neem leaves are widely applied in India, especially for the preservation of split bamboo or for purposes anyaman.Sedangkan for bamboo preservation practices currently use more chemicals. Each of these preservatives has its own advantages and disadvantages. Solvent based ingredients, chemical preservatives can be divided into two types: Water-based preservative. The main principle of the preservative with the water is a basic ingredient, preservative absorbed by bamboo when wet, then dry after the water evaporates and leaves preservatives in bamboo stems. Preservative with water-based materials are of two types namely the non-permanent and permanent. Means a permanent non-soluble preservatives when in contact with water (eg, boric acid), while the permanent means of a mixture of chemicals that have a binding component that binds

preservatives in bamboo (eg Copper Chrome Boron or CCB). Oil-based preservatives. Tar or pitch is available in the form of a black solution, the application is done with pressure or heating process, since oil-based, preserved bamboo will be resistant to moisture and water and not liked by fungi and insects. Ter use for bamboo is generally limited to outdoor applications, because of the smell and sticky tekstrunya. The following is a chemical preservative most commonly used for preservation of bamboo: Boron compounds. Is a combination of borax and boric acid with a ratio of 1:1.4, also available in the form of Disodium Octaborate. Boron compounds effective against insects such as beetles bamboo powder, termites and fungi. Salinity has anti fire. Non-toxic and can be used to preserve the basket, or other craft which can direct contact with food products. A mixture of borax and boric acid. Preservative is most widely applied to bamboo and is currently the most widely accepted in many places. The disadvantage is that preserved bamboo material is only suitable for bamboo that is protected from direct exposure to water (suitable for the ruanganan). Notes About Borax and Boric Acid as a preservative bamboo. Borax and boric acid is a natural mineral salts which are used widely in the world. These compounds can be found in many household items such as detergent, refractory materials, and even eye drops. Most environmental groups, architects and developers feel safe using these materials and bamboo to wood preservative chemicals beracun.Yang compared with the need to always remember is, almost all things in the world have a secure properties at certain doses but can be dangerous in the wrong dosage. Let's say that the most frequently encountered in everyday situations, sugar and salt which is the flavoring of food and drink, in the wrong dosage can lead to disease, as well as a useful laundry soap to clean our clothes, but at certain doses can cause irritation if ingested or cause poisoning. There are still many other examples. The conclusion is that everything can be "safe" and "unsafe" dose dependent. With doses ranging from 5-10% solution of boron recommended for treating bamboo is classified on the stage is very safe, even if your child until the bite of bamboo that has been preserved, the preserved material will not poison or interfere with health. Touching or holding the bamboo material has been preserved with boron is also no harm. Chloride Zinc / Copper Sulphate. This type has a very high acid content and can cause corrosion on steel. Sodium Penta Chloro Phenate (NaPCP). Fungicide is usually combined with borax and boric acid to protect the bamboo is still wet when delivered in a container. However, this material has been banned in many countries because it is toxic. Copper Chrome Arsenic (CCA) and ammoniacal Copper Arsenate (ACA. is a preservative that is permanent and treating bamboo proven by more than 50 years, even for outdoor applications. But because of the nature of the very high toxicity of this

material much avoided and prohibited. CCB (Copper Boron chromium). CCB known to effectively protect the bamboo, bamboo is preserved in addition to the CCB can survive long enough even if applied outside the room. But CCB materials are also very difficult to find, in addition to the application must use the system pressure to be effective. Karosete / Ter, an oil-based preservative, can be applied for outdoor use, the drawback is that bamboo is applied to the material is not suitable for furniture or building components that come into direct contact with humans because there is an element of oil, smelling and sticky. Suitable for outdoor applications such as fences. Mix preservatives Mixing Method preservatives On bamboo preservation for temporary purposes (handicrafts, woven etc.), borax and boric acid are usually mixed with a ratio of 50:50 with a concentration of between 2-5%. As for the construction and furniture purposes, borax and boric acids are usually mixed with a ratio of 1:1,4 and created a solution with a content of 10%. The following are examples of blend ratio to make 100 liters of preservative solutions: Preservation craft (with immersion systems between 30 minutes - 60 minutes), preservative comparison is 50:50. Borax and boric required each 5 kg. 100 liters of water. Preservation of bamboo for building construction and furniture, preservatives ratio is 1:1,4. So that borax is needed is 5.9 kg and 4.2 kg boricnya, with 100 liters of water. A mixture of borax and boric can be heated to facilitate dissolution of the material. But do not warm up to 500 degrees celcius because it will cause the evaporation of boron salts that become the main ingredients preservatives. traditional Handling Preservatives Preservative Material Handling (Borax & Boric Acid) All preservative mixture containing hazardous components and should be treated with care and caution. To avoid things that are not diningnkan, important precautions during preparation of the solution and the process pengawetan.Berikut are some important things to consider when using preservatives: Place pickling must have ventilation and good air sirukulasi and should be made as a limited region should only be entered into by the concerned course. Gunakaan pelidnugn such as gloves, eye protection and rubber boots. Do not eat or drink when handling material or a process pengaawet preservation. Clean your hands with running water and soap when finished using preservatives. Residual preservatives should not be dumped into waterways in vain. High salt content

contained in the preservative (borax) can menyembabkan death of plants. If you must dispose of remaining preservative, dissolve it first with water to its normal ph. Preservatives can be disposed of in the rest of the land or the construction footprint foundation for a house to be built. Preservation methods Based on duration and destination of bamboo usage, preservation methods can be divided into two types namely preservation for purposes of short-term and for long-term preservation. Here we will consider for long-term preservation. Soaking Kuala Bamboo. The main principle of this method is the absorption of preservatives by capillary through bamboo bamboo. The new bamboo dipoting placed vertically in a preservative solution is placed in a drum or tank, only part of the bamboo is submerged. Perendama time depends on the length of bamboo and humidity, generally between 7 to 14 days. Long bamboo suitable for this type of preservation is a maximum of 2 meters. This method is suitable for treating bamboo in small quantities and can be applied to intact or split bamboo. Immersion Diffusion. Suitable for intact and split bamboo. The main principle is a diffusion process, in which the material entered into the bamboo penawet due to differences in the concentration of the solution and bamboo discharge due to osmotic pressure. Acceleration of the process of soaking diffusion can occur with elevated levels of solution and solving the inner baffle (book) bamboo. Because through the cracked fragments preservative solution will quickly go into sections of different bamboo. This type of preservation is suitable for large scale, at least 100 bamboo rods once the process. It takes a big pond or container to preserve bamboo in large quantities. Development and other alternative systems may include: Soaking with heating. Bamboo soaked in a preservative solution while heated to accelerate the process of drug penetration. Vertical immersion. Dilobangi bamboo, then filled with a preservative solution enforced. The water pressure will accelerate the uptake of preservative solution process. Preserving this way fits applied to intact and a long bamboo. Replacement of bamboo with a preservative fluid. This method is known as the modified Boucherie process. The trick is to put pressure to remove fluid that is in the wet bamboo and at the same time replacing it with a preservative solution. This method requires equipment such as pumps or pressure tanks, pipes or hoses that were placed at one end of the bamboo. Suitable for bamboo preservation intact and still wet. Because if it is dry bamboo fluid replacement process will not happen. Pickling With Pressure Tank. Pickling with pressurized tank suitable for dried bamboo and can ensure rapid absorption and perfect. The principle is to force the preservative into the bamboo. Preservative system that can be used premises are BoraxBoric, CCB, CCA and Ter. Preservation procedures with pressurized tanks include: Vacuum process, the bamboo is placed inside the tank to remove the air divakum there. The process of filling the tank with preservatives as well as put pressure on the solution in order to get into the bamboo. The charging process also is usually combined with pressure fluctuations in the system, where pressure is being hung upside down in order to speed up and ensure the perfect absorption.

The advantages of this method is the preservation of bamboo at a faster. The disadvantage is that it takes a lot of equipment is quite expensive.

Drying Bamboo Drying bamboo takes a longer time compared to the drying of wood that has the same density structure. This is due to the bamboo has a component that is very easy to absorb moisture. When bamboo dries, it contracts and bamboo sticks to contract. The shrinkage process began harvested bamboo, and can reduce the diameter of the bamboo up to 16% and reduce its thickness by 17%. Young bamboo should not be used for construction purposes, as pengerutannya very high level, but it is also very vulnerable young bamboo against insects and other organisms. How do I dry the bamboo? The most common way is made for commercial needs with the natural drying in the air the wind. When removed from the preservation of bamboo, the bamboo must be well prepared and stored in a protected place. Factors to consider when drying bamboo: Bamboo Avoid direct contact with the ground to prevent mildew and insects, and avoid moisture. It is recommended to use only old enough bamboo, which is about 3 years old to prevent shrinkage of bamboo. Get rid of pests bamboo or bamboo powder so as not to infect others. Strive there is proper ventilation for air circulation Avoid drastic changes in humidity, for example, by drying bamboo in direct sunlight, as this will be able to make the bamboo cracked and broke even primarily on bamboo intact. Sun drying can be performed on split bamboo. Vertical storage adakn bamboo can dry faster and avoid the possibility of the fungus. But the dried bamboo upright for too long can make bamboo become less straight and crooked. Drying can be carried horizontally for large quantities of bamboo. Bamboo should be placed on pedestals or base structure so as not to direct contact with the ground. This is useful to avoid moisture. Disaranakn among piles of bamboo given the pedestal so that there is good circulation between bamboo poles. Bamboo back and forth so that the drying evenly. Recommended time for drying bamboo naturally with the wind cooling it is about 1-2 months. The things that can affect the drying process is Humidity bamboo

Thickness of the bamboo Humidity around Levels of solar radiation Rainy season / dry And air circulation Storage and drying of other ways: Traditionally bamboo is cut and allowed to remain upright dirumpunnya dialas with stone or wood, bamboo is left up to the leaves megering for 3-4 weeks. This way of drying occurs naturally due to transpiration through the leaves. Save bamboo in the water do to meenjaga remain wet and green bamboo. Storage in water can release sugars that exist so that it is also a traditional method of preserving bamboo Oven Dry Kiln is a way to do for dry split bamboo or bamboo slats. However, oven drying is not recommended for whole bamboo or bamboo round, because rapid temperature change can cause the bamboo cracked and broken.