How to run an Enterprise

By :
S. Afrid P.Pradeep V.Surya S.Roshan

XI std

CONTENTS s.no 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 topic Introduction Preliminary ideas Steps involved Paper making process estimation Work distribution per day Page No.

Acknowledgement
We are over helmed in all humbleness and gratefulness to acknowledge my depth to all those who have helped me to put these ideas, well above the level of simplicity and into something concrete. We would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my teachers as well as our principal who gave us the golden opportunity to do this wonderful project on the topic "How to run an enterprise" , which also helped me in doing a lot of research and i came to know about so many new things. We are really thankful to them. Any attempt at any level cant be satisfactorily completed without the support and guidance of our parents and friends. I would like to thank my parents who helped me a lot in gathering different information, collecting data and guiding me from time to time in making this project, despite of their busy schedules, they gave me different ideas in making this project unique.

WE ONCE AGAIN THANK ONE AND ALL WHO HELPED US IN DOING THE PROJECT

Introduction
This project is all about how to run an enterprise. We go in depth to know about the nuances of starting a business and managing them efficiently and effectively. We start our Venture with an insight of what actually is entrepreneurship and what is involved in beginning a successful enterprise. We began our investigations right in our school premises in CRT. The base of our project is Paper Making by recycling paper.

Why Paper Making?

In todays growing economic world and the rapid growth of population there has been a great demand for all resources and are being depleted for the same. So to reduce the depletion of resources we can recycle the old ones to get new ones by following three Rs

Recycling paper saves energy, conserves natural resources, especially TREES that can reduces greenhouse gas emissions, and keeps landfill space free for other types of trash that can't be recycled. Recycling one ton of paper can save 17 trees, 7,000 gallons of water, 380 gallons of oil, 3.3 cubic yards of landfill space and 4,000 kilowatts of energy-enough to power the average U.S. home for six months-and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by one metric ton of carbon equivalent (MTCE).

We were helped by Mr.Rathnavel in knowing the basics and fundamentals of the paper making enterprise and managing them. The process of learning about business and their implications in life became a very interesting process.

Preliminary ideas
What we actually thought was all about the factors that would influence the factory namely: *Capital *Labor *Machinery *Power *Market affinity *Transportation And also about the prerequisites needed for the industry and we also made a rough estimation for the expenses the factory would need and the total output produced. The prerequisite are: *Land: Minimum 300sqft=300x1200 =Rs.360000 approx. If rented =Rs. *Labor: Minimum 5 workers: Salary=Rs.3000 =3000x5 = Rs.15000 *Machinery: Hydro pulper Grinder Compressor Total cost: Rs.2.5 Lakhs *Raw material: Waste paper: *Water: 600 Liters per day

*Electricity: Rs.1000

STEPS INVOLVED
Research the type of business to be launched. Talk with experts to gain advice about the need for certain products or services. Create a business plan to review with mentors. Choose a location for the retail or office space as the first official step in opening a business. Obtain a business license as soon as possible. Make an estimation of the capital you would need to invest in, like the cost to buy the land construct the factory, buy machinery etc. Talk to banks or capital investors to obtain funding. Be wise in choosing the banks or capital investors by choosing the one that offers you with less interest rate. Construct your factory as per your plans that has a good factory environment by keeping in mind the places the machineries are to be kept and the plumbing works for water, Ventilation, Proper sewage disposal systems etc. Refer the places where the required machineries are available and afford the at a lowest cost possible. Place the machinery at the planned positions in your factory and take a quick look at all needs and whether you have fulfilled them. Interview and hire employees. Begin training employees on how to work with the machineries, what would be their job and how to handle the Machineries. Help employees envision what will be expected from them on a day-to-day basis. Hold a few initial meetings to brainstorm for ideas on how the business should operate. Afford your employees with a reasonable salary. Always have a good co-operation with the workers and look forward to fulfill the basic needs they would require. Now start marketing and advertise for the orders. When orders are placed start the production and see to that you complete the orders in the given deadline. When orders are completed arrange for the transportation of the papers and get them delivered to the customer.

Have a good relationship with your customer. Look for regular orders from him/her. Complete your orders regularly and bring your company at a stable state and such that the company is familiar in the market by affording for advertisements.

PAPER MAKING PROCESS

1. Buy waste papers at a scrap store. Segregate the papers according to their color and tear them into smaller bits of paper. This would take 10 hrs. to complete 3-6 kgs of waste paper. 2. Take a particular color of the torn bits of papers and put them into the pulper add sufficient amount of water and start grinding it in the pulper. Add dyes if needed while grinding to bring out a particular color of pulp. 3. Once the pulp is ready put sufficient amount of pulp on the sheet maker according to the desired thickness of the sheet and gently spread it along the surface to make the surface even throughout. Then slowly lift the platform in the sheet maker so that the evenly spread surface of pulp is seen. 4. Lift this surface and then place it on a flat even table spread with cloth of the sheets dimensions press the surface along with the platform to remove excess water from it. 5. No remove the platform leaving the surface of paper pulp on the cloth. Spread another cloth above this for the next surface of pulp. 6. Repeat this for an amount of 20 sheets piled one above the other on the table. Now take the bunch of 20 sheets and put them under a Screw press compressor and compress the sheets in between the compressor and remove excess water if any in them. 7. After all excess water is removed from the sheets, take the whole bunch out of the compressor and take one sheet at a time along with the cloth on it and dry them. 8. Once the sheets have dried they must be calendared i.e. flattened to avoid any bubbles or winkles in the sheet. 9. Then the sheet has to be cut into the required dimensions. 10.Next the prepared papers have to be packed safely and dispatched to the customer.

ESTIMATION
EXPENCES Labor: 5 membersx3000
=Rs.15000 per month

Electricity:
1 unit=Rs.8 150 units per month:Rs1200

Water:
1 Tractor Load = 6000 lts =Rs.300 3 Loads per month=Rs.900

Machine Maintenance:
Rs.900 per month

Raw Material:
1 Kg of waste paper=Rs.6 Total no. of kgs required=625=Rs.3750

Packing and transportation:

Packaging=Rs.100 per order Transportation=Rs.150 minimum and 5 km and Rs.30 per extra km. Total:100+150=250

Other expenses:5000
TOTAL EXPENCES:15000+1200+900+900+3750+250+5000 =35000

PRODUCTION
300 sheets per day:1 Sheet market rate:Rs.9

9000 sheets per month Cost=9000xRs.9 =Rs.81000 Profit=81000-35000 =Rs.46000

WORK DISTRIBUTION PER DAY Starting time:8 am

2 Hrs. grinding: 1 Person Other 4 members: Segregation

After grinding 1 Person taking pulp into the sheet maker 2 Person sheet making 2 Members screw compressing to remove excess water Time duration: 6 hrs. 1 Hour Lunch break

Closing time:5 pm

CONCLUSION