JOURNALISM Mass Communication Broadcasting (radios / television) PRESS an organization responsible to all types of communication Media ways, oral

al media (radio), written media (newspaper, magazine) Journalism (study) article for school Newspaper also called Dailies News radio, television, newspaper issue something being talked about which affects the majority (releases newspaper) News stem Information which is interesting for a public (readers) which is being affected. ELEMENTS: 1. timeliness (S-TV-DO pattern) event is very recent, it should be fresh 2. importance / significance 3. prominence known by the public, characters known to the public (achievements, controversies) 4. oddity unusual, strange, extraordinary (any kind of accident) 5. number great achievement, or great casualties (number of persons) 6. struggle conflict (emotional, physical, religious or spiritual struggles) CHARACTERISTICS OF NEWS 1. Timely 2. Significant 3. Interesting 4. Short, concise 5. Includes only the needed (factual) 6. Uses no modifiers (adjectives) 7. Should be direct to the point 8. True, correct, involves persons or events of reality; nothing is invented

KINDS OF NEWS 1. Straight news the item written on newspapers (summary leads) 2. Featurized news the item written on magazines (novelty leads) DIFFERENT KINDS OF NEWSPAPER 1. Broadsheet (national / international) 2. Tabloid (followed by the school paper) contains 5 columns 3. Couriers regional paper 4. Thumb copy size of a magazine but content of a newspaper PARTS OF NEWS: 1. Headline (capsule form of the lead) title of the news item 2. Lead first paragraph of the news; summary of the story 3. Body elaboration of the story (expansion of the LEAD) HOW TO WRITE THE NEWS ITEM 1. Gather information and make scratches Scratches (shortcuts of information) Beat collection for the news item o Who (names) o What (events) o When (dates) o Where (location) o Why (reason) o How (manner of doing) 2. Segregate information according to importance 3. Write the lead 4. Compose the body 5. Make the headline first but last to be done

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LEAD WRITING Summary leads: five wives and a husband (for straight news) 1. Who emphasizing on prominent figure 2. What the most important part is the event 3. When used ONLY for deadlines 4. Where used if the place is important due to the event 5. Why if the reason will be the most important fact 6. How -manner by which an event had happened GUIDELINES IN WRITING 1. NEVER use expletives according to 2. Use at least 15 to 25 words (be concise) 3. Be direct to the point 4. AVOID modifiers (editorializing) 5. Do not use abbreviation unless they are standard EXAMPLES OF LEADS: President Benigno Noynoy Aquino, III signed the Land Reform Bill for Tarlac peasants, September 12. The College Student Government (SG)held a talent search called MQAPC Got Talent to discover the hidden talents of the students on December 15.

December 15 was the date for the MQAPC Got Talent held by the College Student Government (CSG) to discover the hidden talents of the students. 4. WHERE LEAD Tarlac will be the recipient of the first result of the Land Reform Bill signed by the President, September 12. Social Hall was the place for the MQAPC Got Talent held by the College Student Government (CSG), December 15. 5. WHY LEAD To give the landless peasants of Tarlac a parcel of agricultural land, the President signed the Land Reform Bill, September 12. To discover the hidden talents of the students, College Student Government (CSG) held a talent search called MQAPC Got Talent on December 15. 6. HOW LEAD By signing the Land Reform Bill, the President was able to award land to Tarlac peasants.

1. WHO LEAD

. 2. WHAT LEAD The Land Reform Bill was signed by the President, September 12. (MQAPC) Got Talent was held by the College Student Government (CSG), December 15. 3. WHEN LEAD September 12 was the date when the President ended the problem for landless in Tarlac.

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PARTS OF NEWSPAPER 1. FRONT PAGE -1st page Name plate title or name of the newspaper Ears a place for the logo of the newspaper (logo of country, region. School) Folio frequency of issues (volume number, place, date of issue) Pix / cuts the picture, drawing, illustrations of the newspaper Caption describing what is going on; short statement regarding the picture (overline top of the picture, underline under the picture) Fold space that joins the pages of the newspaper Column place/space where articles (newspaper copies or news) are placed o special part for individual opinion original title o opinion of the writer of the newspaper Column rule spaces between the column Headline titles of all types of articles Biggest headline most important news for the day o Streamer running end to end of front page o Banner occupying just the portion of the front page o Sky line / Umbrella which is on top of the name plate 2. EDITORIAL PAGE (2nd page) Editorial Proper opinion of the newspaper; consolidated Editorial Cartoon illustration of the Editorial Proper Editorial Liner statement of the prominent figure which is related to the editorial proper Editorial Policies basic guideline of the newspaper (defender of the truth) Editorial box / Mast Head main and position of the staff of the newspaper o Types: Editorial board (consisting of editor-in-chief, associate editor, managing editor, and all section editors policy making body) and Editorial staff (cartoonist, lay-out artist, photographer, correspondents, illustrator) Guest editorial opinion of a visiting staff (personal opinion)

Editorial column permanent article usually opinionated by a staff of a newspaper Letters to the Editor coming from the readers or public (reader of the newspaper); suggestions, comments, criticism, or anything that will add by the public Hell box contributions which are not acceptable Jump story head signs for continuation of articles 3. BACK PAGE considered as 2nd Front page Sports page Continuation of the Front Page Features personality sketch, pictures, short story who have an accomplishment 4. INSIDE PAGE Literary poetry, essay, short stories Feature How to do it, personality sketch, trivia Entertainment pictures comics NEWS JOURNEY process undergone by news item from the writer to the public 1. Preparation of the copy manuscript of any article for publication Long bond paper, double spaced Slog line title of the copy By-line name of the author Copy reading - editing 2. Typesetting changing of copy into type sets Type sets columns pasted on the dummy (blank page of the newspaper) o White reediting search for typographical errors o Colored for pasting into the dummy (yellow, green, blue)

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3. Lay-outing arrangement of the articles into the newspaper.

*There is always one big picture for the most important news of the day.

4. Proof production making of the replica of the newspaper. a. Galley proof pages of the newspaper without pix except cartoons o Proof reading checking typographical errors o Linotypist the one responsible for typing b. Blue print exact replica of newspaper in blue including pictures c. Negative place in lay-out table (like architect table), checking errors in the negative 5. Releases newspaper production (proof production)

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