Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter 1
Introduction to Project Management
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Closing
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Scope
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Project
Customer Satisfaction
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Project E
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Project-Based Organizations
Project-based organizations (PBOs) refer to various organizational forms that create temporary systems for carrying out their work. (as in telecommunications, oil and gas, construction, consultancy, and professional Services)
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Chapter 2
Project Life Cycle and Organization
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Initiation
Handoff Project Phase 1 Gates Project Phase 2 Gates Handoff Project Phase 3 Gates Handoff Project Phase 4
Conclusion
Deliverables
Deliverables
Deliverables
Fast Tracking
There are times when phases are
overlapped to shorten or compress the project Tracking. Fast tracking means that a later phase is started prior to completing and approving the phase, or phases, that come before it. This technique is used to shorten the overall duration of the project. schedule. This is called Fast
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Project Stakeholders
An important part of a project managers responsibility is to manage stakeholder expectations, which can be difficult because
stakeholders often have very different or conflicting objectives. Part of the project managers responsibility is to balance these interests and ensure that the project team interacts with stakeholders in a professional and cooperative manner.
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Intermediate Phase(s)
Final Phase
influence of stakeholders
cost of changes
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Time
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Project Success
The success of the project should be measured in terms of completing the project within the constraints of scope, time, cost, quality, resources, and risk as approved between the project managers and senior management.
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Projects generally occur within a single department. Information required from other department will be routed through departmental heads. Team members complete project work in addition to normal department work.9:53 AM 6/1/2013
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Two Bosses
Team members reports to Project Manager and Functional Manager
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Ones in which project phases (also called iterations) intentionally repeat one or more project activities as the project teams understanding of the product increases, while increments successively add to the functionality of the product.
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Chapter 4
Project Integration Management
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The Project Manager should always be assigned prior to the start of planning, and preferably while the project charter is being developed. The Project Charter is Issued by a sponsor, not the project manager, but preferred to be participated in developing it.
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These methods generally fall into one of two broad categories: Benefit measurement methods (comparative approach) that are comparative approaches:murder board, peer review, scoring models, benefit contribution, or Economic models. Constrained optimization methods (Mathematical approach) that use
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Economic Model
1. Present value Present value :PV = FV/(1 + r)n
FV = amount of money t years from now r = interest rate (also called discount rate) n = time period Year 0 1 2 FV $50,000 $35,000 $15,000 PV $50,000 $31,819 $12,397
Assume a 10% interest (or discount) rate PV (Year 1) = FV / (1 + r)t =$35,000/(1 + 0.1)1= $31,819
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Economic Model
2. Net present value: This Means the total benefits (income or revenue) less the cost. To calculate NPV you need to calculate the present value of each of the income and revenue figures then add up the present values.
Costs
200 100 0 0
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NPV=353-291=62
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Create WBS
The WBS is a deliverables-orientated decomposition of the work to be executed by project team to accomplish the project objectives and create the required deliverables. The planned work is contained within the lowest level WBS components (work packages) which can be scheduled, cost estimated, monitored and controlled. The top most level of each WBS is the total project itself
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Question
You're the project manager for an advertising campaign. The stakeholders, including the client, approved your completed WBS. Later, after some of the artwork has been printed, the client wants to add a registered trademark symbol, which will cost a considerable amount of money. The client says that your company's salesperson, prior to signoff on the WBS, promised this
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organization-specific guidelines, and the use of WBS templates. A bottomup approach can be used during the integration of subcomponents The WBS is a hierarchical decomposition of the total scope of work to be carried out by the project team to accomplish the project objectives and create the required deliverables.
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Validate Scope
Validate Scope is the process of formalizing acceptance of the completed
project. The Validate Scope process differs from the Control Quality process in that the former is primarily concerned with acceptance of the deliverables, while quality control is primarily concerned with correctness of the deliverables and meeting the quality requirements specified for the deliverables. Control Quality is generally performed before Validate Scope, although the
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O
14
M
27
P
47
PERT
SD
Variance
Range
B
C D
41
39 29
60
44 37
89
48 42
If all activities are on critical, then total estimated project duration = sum of PERT values for each activities.
Standard Deviation shall not be added. Add variance of each activities and take square root of sum to get standard deviation for total project.
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O
14 41 39 29
M
27 60 44 37
P
47 89 48 42
PERT
28,167 61,667 43,833 36,500
SD
5.5 8 1.5 2.167
Variance
30,25 64 2.25 4.694
Range
28.167+/-5.5 61.667+/-8 43.833+/-1.5 336,5+/-2.167
If all activities are on critical, then total estimated project duration = sum of PERT values for each activities.
Standard Deviation shall not be added. Add variance of each activities and take square root of sum to get standard deviation for total project.
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A method used to estimate the minimum project duration and determine the
amount of scheduling flexibility on the logical network paths within the schedule model
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Forward pass
Backward pass
LS
LF
ES = Earliest date an activity can be started EF = Earliest date an activity can be completed LS = Latest date an activity can start LF = Latest date an activity can be completed
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Milestone Chart
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Project Calendars
project calendar identifies working days and shifts that are available for scheduled activities. It distinguishes time periods in days or parts of days that are available to complete scheduled activities from time periods that are not available. A schedule model may require more than one project calendar to allow for different work periods for some activities to calculate the project schedule. The project calendars may be updated.
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Exercise
Q1. The estimate for a task is O = 3 days, P = 7 days, M = 4 days. What is the standard deviation of the task? A. 5/6 of a day -B. 2/3 of a day -C. 1 days -D. 5 2/3 days Solution: SD = (P-O)/6 = (7-3)/6 = 2/3 Q2. You are the project manager for a new project and have figured out the following dependencies: Task 1 can start immediately and has an estimated duration of 3 weeks Task 2 can start after Task1 is completed and has an estimated duration of 3 weeks Task 3 can start after Task 1 is completed and has an estimated duration of 6 weeks Task 4 can start after Task 2 is completed and has an estimated duration of 8 weeks Task 5 can start after task 4 is completed and after Task 3 is completed . This task takes 4 weeks. What is the duration of the critical path? A. 18.5 weeks -B. 19 weeks -C. 20 weeks -D. 18 weeks
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Exercise
You are the project manager for a project with the following network diagram. Studying the diagram, which path is the critical path? A. ABCD B. EBCD C. EFH D. EGH
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Chapter 7
Project Cost Management
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Attitude. Determine whether the member has the ability to work with others as a
cohesive team. International factors. Consider team member location, time zone and communication capabilities.
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Theory Y
People tends to be positive e.g. Want to achieve, willing to work without supervision, can direct their own effort Intrinsic Motivation
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Herzbergs Theory
Job Satisfaction due to lack of hygiene factors Job satisfaction due to motivation factors
Hygiene Factors Working condition Salary Personal life Relationship at work Security status
Motivations Factors Responsibility Self actualization Professional growth recognition Personal life Relationship at work Security status
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members are not collaborative and open to differing ideas and perspectives
the environment can become destructive. .
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Plan Communications Management: Tools and Techniques Communication Requirements Analysis The total number of potential communication channels is n(n 1)/2, where n represents the number of stakeholders
N ( N 1) 2
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Chapter 11
Project Risk Management
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Control Risks
Control Risks is the process of implementing risk response plans, tracking
identified risks, monitoring residual risks, identifying new risks, and evaluating risk process effectiveness throughout the project.
Control Risks Tools & Techniques Reserve Analysis: it compared the amount of the contingency reserves remaining to the amount of risk remaining at any time in the project
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Chapter 12
Project Procurement Management
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Chapter 13
Project Stakeholder Management
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Identify Stakeholders
Identify Stakeholders is the process of identifying the people, groups, or organizations that could impact or be impacted by a decision, activity, or outcome of the project, analyzing and documenting relevant information regarding their interests, involvement, interdependencies, influence, and potential impact on project success.
It is critical for project success to identify the stakeholders early in the project or phase and to analyze their levels of interest, their individual expectations, as well as their importance and influence.
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Identify Stakeholders: Tools and Techniques Stakeholder Analysis: is a technique of systematically gathering and analyzing quantitative and qualitative information to determine whose interests should be taken into account throughout the project.
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Chapter 13
Professional Responsibility
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Professional Responsibility
About 18 questions on the exam cover this part. The PMP must adhere to a high set of principles, rules, and policies. On the PMP exam, always choose the answer which best supports the PMP profession and the higher set of principles the PMP is expected to adhere to. Did you realize that it is unethical to manage a project if you have not been trained in project management? Did you know that it is unethical to provide a project schedule that you do not believe to be accurate?
Responsibility
Respect
Fairness
Honesty
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Q4
You are the project manager of the LKH Project. This project must be
completed within six months, but after two months the schedule has begun to slip. As of now, the project is one week behind schedule. Based on your findings, you believe you can make some corrective actions and recover the lost time over the next month to get the project back on schedule for its completion date. Management, however, requires weekly status reports on cost and schedule. Which of the following should you do?
A. Report that the project is one week behind schedule, but will finish on
schedule based on cited corrective actions. B. Report that the project is on schedule and will finish on schedule. C. Report that the project is off schedule by a few days, but will finish on schedule.
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Q5
You are a project manager within an organization that completes technical
projects for other entities. You have plans to leave your company within the next month to launch your own consulting businesswhich will compete with your current employer. Your company is currently working on a large proposal for a government contract that your new company could also benefit from. What should you do? A. Resign from your current job and bid against your employer to get the
contract.
B. Decline to participate due to a conflict of interest. C. Help your employer prepare the proposal. D. Inform your employer that you will be leaving their company within a month and it would be inappropriate for you to work on the current proposal.
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Q6
Your company does not allow project managers to accept gifts from vendors of any kind. A friend that you have known for years now works for a vendor that your company may be doing business with. Your friend from the vendor asks you to lunch to discuss an upcoming project and you accept. When the check arrives at the lunch table, your friend insists on paying. You should:
A. Allow the friend to buy because youve been friends for years.
B. Allow the friend to buy because lunch isnt really a gift. C. Dont allow the friend to buy because your company does not allow any gifts
from vendors.
D. Insist that you purchase your friends lunch and your friend buys yours.
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Q7
You are the project manager of the AAA Project. Due to the nature of the project, much of the work will require overtime between Christmas and New Years Day. Many of the project team members, however, have requested vacation during that week. What is the best way to continue? A. Refuse all vacation requests and require all team members to work. B. Only allow vacation requests for those team members who are not needed during that week. C. Divide tasks equally among the team members so each works the same
amount of time.
D. Allow team members to volunteer for the overtime work.
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