f, 7 4 /

Chinese S a v i n g - S t o v e N e w s September 1 9 8 7 l'WD C h i n a F o c a l P o i n t (China C e n t r e o f R u r a l E n e r g y Research a n d Training),

The Spread o f Firewood A C o a l E f f i c i e n t S t o v e now Comes I n t o New S t a g e - - I n d u s t r i a l P r o d u c t i o n In spread o f f i r e w o o d & c o a l b u i l t on t h e spot b y s k i l l e d for t h e i r t e c h n i c a l s k i l l s . need r e g u l a r maintenance. A down t h e spread. e f f i c i e n t s t o v e s i n China, u s u a l l y s t o v e s a r e t e c h n i c i a n s , w h i c h r a i s e s h i g h e r requirements O n t h e o t h e r hand, s t o v e s b u i l t i n t h i s w a y l l t h e s e a f f e c t e d t h e s t o v e q u a l i t y and slowed

However, i n r e c e n t y e a r s , s p r e a d o f f i r e w o o d & c o a l e f f i c i e n t s t o v e s i n China h a s come I n t o a new s t a g e . T h e standard and u n i v e r a l s t o v e s a r e being commercially produced. T h i s a l s o s e r v e s p r e p a r a t i o n s f o r a n a t i o n a l f a i r o f rural e n e r g y p r o d u c t s as well a s formation o f n a t i o n a l s t a n d a r d s . T h e Bureau o f R u r a l E n e r g y & Environmental P r o t e c t i o n u n d e r M i n i s t r y o f A g r i c u l t u r e , A n i m a l H u s b a n d r y a n d F i s h e r y h e l d a n a t i o n a l conference o n industrially-made f i r e w o o d & c o a l e f f i c i e n t s t o v e s i n t h e autumn o f 1986 i n Zhengzhou. C h i n a . A f t e r s t r i c t t e s t i n g and c o m p e t i t i o n , 5 7 t y p e s o f s t o v e s f r o m d i f f e r e n t places o f C h i n a won f i r s t , s e c o n d and t h i r d p r i z e s a t t h i s c o n f e r e n c e . Appraisals a r e a l s o made a t t h e conference on improvement o f kang c o m b i n e d stoves t h a t a r e w i d e l y u s e d i n c o l d a r e a s o f n o r t h r u r a l C h i n a . 1 9 outstanding t y p e s won t h e p r i z e s .

Stove Improvement Technique Comes i n t o P r o d u c t i o n F i e l d R a p i d l y The improvement o f s t o v e s and f i r e w o o d s a v i n g f i r s t l y show t h e i r e f f e c t i n r u r a l l i f e . A f t e r t h a t , s c i e n t i f i c research and s t u d i e s conducted i n China made t h i s technique soon come i n t o p r o d u c t i o n f i e l d , w h i c h now has been a major tendency i n s t o v e improvement i n r u r a l C h i n a . Yingshan County, H u b e i P r o v i n c e , i s famous f o r i t s t e a . A f t e r t h e s t u d i e s on energy e f f i c i e n t t e a p r o c e s s i n g s t o v e s a r e f i n i s h e d , 2 7 2 o u t o f 320 t e a farms a t t h e county have employed t h e energy-saving t e c h n o i o y - i n t h e i r tea_ processing i n 1986, w h i c h c o n s t i t u t e s 84% o f them. T h e f i r e w o o d consumption is lowered b y 40%, m o r e t h a n RMB Y100,000 p r o d u c t i o n c o s t i s saved and 700
hectars o f l a n d can be closed f o r a f f o r e s t a t i o n . A t p r e s e n t . t e c h n o l o g i c a l

renovation I s c a r r i e d o u t o n snail b r I c k k l i n a which I s consumer i n t h e county.

a b i g energy

XInxian C o u n t y, Henan P r o v i n c e , i s a l s o a t e a producing a r e a . A f t e r Improvement on i t s t e a processing stoves a t t e a f a r e s . 4 6 % o r firewood i s saved. and 'mount o f dried t e a production per hour I s increased by 1 / 3 . The technical renovation on old-styled b r i c k k l i n s r e s u l t s I n firewood saving by 50%, t i m e saving by 28% and labour saving by 55%. A f t e r a l l 424 b r I c k k l i n s of o l d s t y l e o f t h e county a r e renovated. I n a year. 4 m i l l i o n kg firewood can b e conserved. A t y p e o f stove especially f o r beancurd m i l l s , p o t a t o starch noodle m i l l s and o i l pressing m i l l s I s developed i n t h e c o u n t y. I t Is capable o f saving 50% o f firewood. When stoves now used f o r those s i l l s finish t h e i r technical improveaent up t o t h i s standard, t h e county can save another 290.000 kg firewood I n a year. For l i n ' a n C o u n t y o f Z h e j i a n g P r o v i n c e . 4 5 0 f i r e w o o d - e f f I c i e n t t e a processing s t o v e s h a v e b e e n I n use. T h e 6CGS-86 model d r y i n g s t o v e developed b y t h e county can save 50% o f firewood I n comparison with stoves of o l d o n e . T h i s Improvement alone can save 3500 tons o f f i r e w o o d a n d
decrease R H Y 3 0 0 . 0 0 0 o f p r o d u c t i o n c o s t f o r t h e c o u n t y I n a y e a r .

Compulsory S p r e a d o f F i r e w o o d ( c o a l ) E f f i c i e n t S t o v e s i n U r b a n A r e a by Shaowu M u n i c i p a l i t y To s p r e a d e n e r g y - s a v i n g s t o v e s i n c i t i e s a n d t o w n s I n v o l v e s d i f f e r e n t aspects a n d c e r t a i n d i f f i c u l t i e s emerge. F o r t h a t r e a s o n , t h e m u n i c i p a l government o f Shaowu h a s o r g a n i z e d a l e a d i n g t e a s c o n s i s t i n g members f r o m different departments t o be i n charge o f t h e p o p u l a r i z a t i o n . A c c o r d i n g t o the - R e g u l a t i o n s f o r S p r e a d o f C i v i l F i r e w o o d E f f i c i e n t S t o v e s -issued J o b i ynt h t el p yr o v i n c i a l commission o f s c i e n c e A t e c h n o l o g y, c o m m i s s i o n o f planning a n d commission o f economy, t h e l e a d i n g t e a m r e i t e r a t e d t h a t Il.advanced e n e r g y - s a v i n g s t o v e s recommendated b y t h e p r o v i n c i a l government s h o u l d b e u s e d i n s t o v e d e s i g n a n d c o n s t r u c t i o n i n n e w town a p a r t m e n t b u i l d i n g s s i n c e t h e l a t e o f 1 9 8 6 , o t h e r w i s e departments i n v o l v e d i n q u a l i t y c h e c k s w i l l n o t a c c e p t t h e b u i l d i n g s ; T h e backward s t o v e s o f o l d s t y l e s h o u l d b e r e n o v a t e d i n turn t o speed u p t h e p r o c e s s o f improvement. 21.From 1 9 8 7 , p r o v i n c i a l government w i l l i s s u e q u o t a s s t e p b y s t e p f o r spread o f e n e r g y - s a v i n g s t o v e s , a s w e l l a s q u o t a s f o r c o a l s a v i n g . To a r e a s w h e r e t h e s p r e a d i s n o t s a t i s f a c t o r y , q u o t a s f o r c i v i l energy r e s o u r c e s m a r k e t w i l l b e deducted t o e n e r g y c o n s e r v a t i o n quotas f o r p u r p o s e o f compulsory s p r e a d ; 31.10 g u a r a n t e e t h e q u a l i t y a s w e l l a s q u a n t i t y o f e n e r g y - s a v i n g stoves i n s p r e a d , s t o v e s c a n o n l y b e c o n s t r u c t e d b y q u a l i f i e d technicians w h o h a v e been t r a i n e d b y p r o v i n c i a l a n d p r e f e c t u r a l training c o u r s e s . S t o v e s s h o u l d b e examined a t random b y o r g a n i z a t i o n s f o r m o n i t o r i n g e n e r g y consumption a n d f o r s p r e a d . T h e unqualified stoves should b e r e b u i l t f r e e o f charge. The f o c u s o f t h e Shaowu M u n i c i p a l i t y i s t o c o n s t r u c t e n e r g y - s a v i n g s t o v e s in n e w l y - b u l i t a p a r t m e n t b u i l d i n g s i n t h e t o w n . T h e b u i l d i n g s t h a t h a v e been e x a m i n e d , y e t w i t h o u t c o a l ( f i r e w o o d ) e f f i c i e n t s t o v e s s h o u l d a l l construct e n e r g y - s a v i n g stoves: t h e u n q u a l i f i e d stoves s h o u l d r e n o v a t e

again; t o t h e b u i l d i n g s t h a t h a v e n o t been examined, i t c a n b e checked and accepted o n l y a f t e r n e w e n e r g y - s a v i n g s t o v e s a r e c o n s t r u c t e d i n s i d e . T o i n s t i t u t i o n s and o r g a n i z a t i o n s t h a t d o not s p r e a d s t o v e s o f new t y p e s , t h e municipal c o n s t r u c t i o n committee w i l l r e f u s e t o accept t h e i r n e w l y - b u i l t buildings and t h e municipal f u e l supply c o r p o r a t i o n w i l l s t o p coal s u p p l y . All t h e s e m e a s u r e s a r e taken f o r purpose o f compulsory spread. T h e h e a t e ff i c i e n c y o f c o a l s t o v e s i n spread should a l l r e a c h 5 0 % , f o r f i r e w o o d s t o v e s , i t s h o u l d r e a c h 35%. T h e y a l l s h o u l d b e e a s y t o u s e a n d h a v e g o o d performance a s w e l l a s l o w p r i c e s . Energy C o n s e r v a t i o n O f f i c e o f Shaowu M u n i c i p a l i t y , F u j i a n P r o v i n c e

What d o e s i t m e a n - - p e o p l e l i k e s t o v e s o f o l d s t y l e i n s t e a d o f n e w Model Y u e y a n g I I s t o v e a n d M o d e l D a f e n g s t o v e h a d b e e n p o p u l a r i z e d i n L u j i a n g C o u n t y, A n h u i P r o v i n c e s i n c e 1 9 8 4 . H o w e v e r , t h e l o s s o v e r the g a i n . T h e g o v e r n m e n t s p e n t m o n e y, t h e s t o v e s a r e d i s l i k e d b y p e o p l e . I n w e im go hnt ts two h s , n e w s t o v e s were replaced by o l d ones. I t shows t h a t l o c a l combustion p r a c t i c e a s w e l l a s l i v i n g s t y l e s h o u l d b e p u t i n t o consideration i n spread o f f i r e w o o d - e ff i c i e n t stoves. N e w types o f s t o v e s developed i n o t h e r a r e a s s h o u l d n o t b e c o m p l e t e l y c o p i e d i n L u j i a n g County for sheer p u r s u i t o f h i g h thermal e f f i c i e n c y : Farmers o f L u j i a n g C o u n t y a l w a y s p r e f e r s t o v e s w i t h f r o n t d r a f t i n g . T h e y r e f u s e t o a c c e p t t h e s t o v e s w i t h r e a r d r a f t i n g s t r u c t u r e n o m a t t e r h o w much firewood t h e y can conserve even t h e spread o f s t o v e s I s f o r c e d . Starting f r o m 1986, w e improve o n l y t h e s t r u c t u r e o f combustion c h a m b e r s and k e e p t h e o u t l o o k u n c h a n g e d . T h e c h a r a c t e r o f f r o n t d r a f t i n g a n d a s h fencing w a l l s r e m a i n i n n e w s t o v e s . W e ' d r a t h e r l i k e t o h a v e s o m e concessions i n t h e r m a l e f f i c i e n c y t h a n t o b e c o m p l e t e l y r e j e c t e d b y farmers. T h e r e s u l t i s s a t i s f a c t o r y. Judging f r o m t h e s e p r a c t i c e , w e b e l i e v e t h a t c l o s e a t paid t o t h e f o l l o w i n g a s p e c t s . s h o u l d he

1.The t y p e s o f f i r e w o o d - e f f i c i e n t s t o v e s s h o u l d b e a p p l i c a b l e t o surroundings.

local

S p e c i f i c i n v e s t i g a t i o n s h o u l d b e made o n l o c a l t y p e s o f s t o v e s , c o m p o s i t i o n of l o c a l f u e l s , a n d l o c a l l i v i n g customs. A l l t h e s e s h o u l d n o t b e f i g u r e d out b y j u s t s i t t i n g i d l e l y a t o f f i c e . In r e n o v a t i o n , w e p u t i t i n t o o u r c o n s i d e r a t i o n t h a t l o c a l p e o p l e u s e main - p e c i a l l y emphasized. I n s t e a d , t h e f l a m e d i s t a n c e i s p r o l o n g e d t o about 2 0 s fy L o c a l p e o p l e l i k e t o h e a t f o o d and p i g f e e d w i t h r e s i d u a l h e a t . cm. r o insidering t h i s custom, w e e n l a r g e d f i r e w o o d - i n l e t d o o r , a n d changed f r o n t C cr a e f t i n g i n t o r e a r d r a f t i n g . T h e Model L u j i a n g Z I F i r e w o o d - E f f i c i e n t S t o v e d S in s p r e a d i s w a r m l y welcomed b y p e o p l e . T r a 2.Firewood-efficient s t o v e s should be constructed by standardized p a r t s . w a W e w e r e s h o r t o f t e c h n i c a l f o r c e when p e o p l e s t r o n g l y a s k e d f o r r e n o v a t i o n s o f o l d s t o v e s . T h e r e f o r e , c o m b u s t i o n c h a m b e r, s t o v e d o o r , L i i i m n e y, s t o v e f face, v e n t i l a t i o n o p e n i n g a r e a l l p r e f a b r i c a t e d a c c o r d i n g 1 0 s t a n d a r d i z e d u e l f o r t h e i r s t

model w i t h m o u l d s . I n t h i s w a y, p r o c e s s c a n b e s p e d u p b y 50%. O n t h e o t h e r hand, i t c a n s a v e l a b o u r , m a t e r i a l s a n d i s c o n v e n i e n t t o p e o p l e . O r d i n a r y b r i c k - l a y e r s can assemble i t .

3 . Ty p e s o f g r a t e s o f f i r e w o o d - e f f i c i e n t s t o v e s s h o u l d m a t c h d i v e r s i f i e d fuels. The d e n s e g r a t e i s o n l y s u i t a b l e t o h a r d f i r e w o o d , r i c e h u s k a n d c o a l . I t is n o t s u i t a b l e f o r g r a s s a n d c r o p s t a l k s : i f t h e g r a t e i s r a t h e r s p a r c e , it w i l l n o t b e s u i t a b l e f o r hard f u e l s e i t h e r. F o r t h a t reason, we designed a k i n d o f g r a t e ( 2 4 cm x 1 8 cm I w i t h d e n s e g r a t e s o n o n e e n d a n d s p a r c e grates o n t h e o t h e r. I t can s u i t e v e r y k i n d o f f u e l b y j u s t r e v e r s i n g t h e g r a t e . T h e c h a n g e c a n b e made v e r y e a s i l y . 4. T h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f f i r e w o o d s a v e d s h o u l d n o t b e n e g l e c t e d . Large a m o u n t o f f i r e w o o d i s s a v e d b y s p r e a d i n g f i r e w o o d - e f f i c i e n t s t o v e s , u t i l i z i n g energy-conservation water tanks, a n d biogas t o s u b s t i t u t e c i v i l f u e l s . I f t h e f u e l s saved cannot f i n d t h e i r way o f a p p l i c a t i o n and f a i l t o increase t h e i r v a l u e . F a r m e r s w i l l b e n o l o n g e r e n t h u s i a s t i c w i t h t h e c o n s t r u c t i o n o f new s t o v e s . A s t h e y p u t i t : I t i s n o u s e t o s a v e f i r e w o o d , they a l l r o t d o w n . The m a i n a p p l i c a t i o n f o r f i r e w o o d c o n s e r v e d c o u l d b e r a w m a t e r i a l s f o r paper m i l l s , b r i c k y a r d , g r a s s p r o d u c t p r o c e s s i n g a n d c u l t u r e o f e d i b l e fungi. By Z h a n g Yu n g a o Biogas O f f i c e o f L u j i a n g C o u n t y Anhui P r o v i n c e

News i n B r i e f .A o n - t h e - s p o t m e e t i n g h e l d i n Ta n g y u a n C o u n t y, H e i l o n g j i a n g P r o v i n c e requested t h e whole p r o v i n c e , p i l o t c o u n t i e s i n p a r t i c u l a r , t o m a t e r i a l i z e s t a n d a r d i z e d p r o d u c t i o n o f c o m b u s t i o n chamber o f s t o v e b y 1 9 8 8 . .A s m o k e l e s s , c o a l - e f f i c i e n t , e a s y o p e r a t i n g a n d m a i n t a i n i n g , s t e p - g r a t e typed s t o v e d e v e l o p e d b y J i a j i a n g C o u n t y, S i c h u a n P r o v i n c e , h a s i n t e r e s t e d environmental p r o t e c t i o n d e p a r t m e n t s . M a n y b i g c i t i e s r e q u e s t e d t h e i n t r o d u c t i o n o f t h e t e c h n o l o g y. .The r u r a l h o u s e h o l d s u s i n g n e w t y p e s t o v e s h a s c o n s t i t u t e d 8 4 . 5 % o f t o t a l r u r a l h o u s e h o l d s i n S h u f u C o u n t y, a t w e s t e n d o f Ta s h l a m a g a n D e s e r t . The q u a l i f i c a t i o n r a t e o f n e w s t o v e s r e a c h e d 9 5 % . .The t h e r m a l e f f i c i e n c y o f a c a s t - i r o n c o m b u s t i o n c h a m b e r m a s s - p r o d u c e d by W u h a n M u n i c i p a l i t y h a s come t o m o r e t h a n 30%. -i n cT hin eg a c cc e os sm lud a r ib e su , s et l li so f n o r HMB Y I 3 . I t c a n b e a s s e m b l e d i n a b o u t a n hour ac n d iht i s i t - a bb le f o ario a s um er vr ,u s k i n d s o f f u e l s . .The g o v e r n m e n t o f Y i n g s h a n C o u n t y, H u b e i P r o v i n c e , s t i p u l a t e s t h a t firewood-efficient s t o v e s s h o u l d h e b u i l t a l o n g w i t h n e w a p a r t m e n t b u i l d i n g s . Comhustion-chamher w a t e r h e a t e r s have been p o p u l a r i z e d i n t h e whole c o u n t y. T h e f i r e w o o d - e f f i c i e n t s t o v e s w i t h w a t e r h e a t e r s c a n c o n s e r v e another 1 / 3 f i r e w o o d i n comparison w i t h new s t o v e s w i t h o u t t h e h e a t e r.

.The Thermal Engineering Department o f t h e Chinese U n i v e r s i t y o f Science and Te c h n o l o g y r a n t r a i n i n g c o u r s e s f o r k e y t e c h n i c i a n s engaged I n f i r e w o o d - e ff i c i e n t s t o v e s , which upgraded t h e i r t h e o r e t i c a l l e v e l . .1560 h e c t a r s o f h i l l s i d e s have been closed i n t h r e e years i n i t s e f f o r t s of a f f o r e s t a t i o n b y s p r e a d i n g f i r e w o o d - e f f i c i e n t s t o v e s a t Xuancheng D i s t r i c t , ChangdIng County, F u j i a n Province.