A Novel Hysteresis Current Control Scheme for Single Switch Type Single Phase PFC Converter

Atsushi Hirota*, Satoshi Nagai**, Mamun Abdullah AI***, M. Rukonuzzaman***, and Mutsuo Nakaoka***
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Akashi National College of Technology* 679-3 Nishioka, Uozumi-Cho, Akashi-City, Hyogo-Pref., 674-8501 Japan Phone ; +81-78-946-6128, Fax : +81-78-946-6138 E-Mail : ahirota@akashi.ac.jp Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsuyama National College of Technology, Japan** Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yamaguchi University, Japan***

Abstract
With great advance of power semiconductor switching devices and their related control circuits, high frequency switching power converters can be implementedfor power electronic appliances. In these converters, pulse width modulation (PWM) technique is widely used. On the other hand, to improvepower factor in utility AC side of converter;a variety ofpowerfactor correction (PFC) converters are effectively introduced. For these converters, hysteresis current control method is developed and applying. Usually, this control scheme uses reference sinusoidal wave and upper limit signal which is determined by added constant value to reference signal, as well as lower limit signal which is determined by subtracted constant value from the reference signal. Using these signals, hysteresis current control method f o r PFC converter regulates its input current within the range that is determined by the upper and lower limit. In thispaper; the authorspropose a simple configuration hysteresis controlled PFC converter which can effectively reduce current ratings of switching power device. The proposed PFC converter controls input line current keeps within the constant upper limit, specijied by the switching power semiconductor device rating, as well as lower limit determined by reference sinusoidal wave. From FFT analytical results, the proposed circuit can lower the current rating of switching power device thanfundamental component of input line current. Key words: PFC converter, hysteresis control, current limiting scheme

Comparator

U
Fig. 1. Proposed PFC converter circuit. correction (PFC) converters are generally used, which actively adjusts input current waveform to sinusoidal. In these PFC converters, hysteresis controller which controls input current within the specified range between upper and lower sinusoidal limit, are able to be effectively introduced. In this paper, the authors propose a novel PFC converter control scheme that can reduce current ratings of switching power semiconductor device. In proposed input current control scheme, the upper limit is changed to the constant value. From the simulation results, peak current of switching devices could be decreased. And it is confirmed, by using proposed PFC converter, that the fundamental component of the input current can be larger than the rating of switching device.

Proposed Circuit and Control Method

With the progress of power semiconductor switching

INTRODUCTION
To improve power factor of utility AC side, power factor

devices manufacturing technologies, high frequency power converters have been making progress so far [l], [2]. Recently, PFC converters, that instantaneously control input line current as sinusoidal wave, are proposed. Above all,

0-7803-7 156-9/02/$10.000 2002 IEEE

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PCC-Osaka 2002

Current

Table 2. Analytical conditions.

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Symbol
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Condition 100V(rms) 60Hz ll.lA(rms) 108% 3A

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Fig. 2. Hysteresis limiter control.
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Table 1. List of symbols. Svmboll Defined terminology Reference input signal voltage(rms) Reference input signal frequency Reference signal current(rms)(%) Maximum switch current limit compared to maximum reference signal current(%) Lower switch current limit Amplitude of fundamental component(rms) Total harmonic distortion Switching number Instantaneous line input current Instantaneous source voltage

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Fig. 3. Simulated input current waveforms.

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hysteresis current control method is adopted usefully. This paper is presented how to reduce current rating of switching power device. The proposed converter circuit alter the control method of conventional hysteresis control. The upper limit of the input current takes a constant value of the switching power device rating while lower limit of the input current is sinusoidal wave that is subtracted a constant value from the reference signal. Fig. 1 shows the proposed PFC converter circuit. After full wave rectifying the input AC source, the boost type PFC converter circuit is introduced. Input side low pass filter configurated by and C , are not considered in this analysis for simplicity. As a reference signal, full wave rectified AC source voltage is used. The input line current is controlled within the range of upper limit and lower limit as shown in Fig. 2. The upper limit is set to a constant value specified by

switching power device rating and the lower limit is determined by subtracting a constant value from the reference sinusoidal wave. For example, when input current in utility AC side decreases to a lower limit, the switch is set on state and input current increases. Then, the input current reaches to upper limit and the switch is set to be off state so as to decrease input current. The decreasing speed of the input current is faster when converter load is heavy. Continuous operation of these control schemes, the peak input line current can be controlled under current rating of switching power device. Table 1 indicates symbols used in this paper.

Simulation Results and Their Discussions

Table 2 shows analytical conditions considered in this paper. In this case the rating of the switching device is set to 17(A). Fig. 3 depicts the input line current waveform of the proposed PFC converter.The input l i e current is controlled within the range between a constant upper limit and sinusoidal lower limit. Fig. 4 represents the spectrum distribution of the input line current as shown in Fig. 3. The vertical axis takes

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. . . . .. .. ................ . . . . . .. ... . . . . . 400 - . . . . . ...I . ................ i.. ..............$............. .. ...................................... ...............f............... + .... . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . 2 ; . 3 w ... ............. ................ ................. + ;...... . . . . . . . . , . : . . . , . . . . -4 . . . . ............................... i.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i ................i ................i .............I......... I 6 zw-. . . . . . .I . . . . . . , . . . : . . . , . . . . . . . ................... ......... .!................i ..............+. , ( m ......... .;. ...............; .+ ................. i.. . . . . . , . . . . . . . : > . . . . .
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Fig. 4. Simulated input current spectrum distribution of proposed PFC converter. Table 3. FFT analytical results. i,,JA) 17.8

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logarithm. This figure shows that harmonic components are relatively small. And from Fig. 5 , the fluctuation of output is small. Fig. 6 represents switch current. From this figure, switch current is suppressed under the rating of switching device. Table 3 shows FFT analytical result of the proposed circuit. This table indicates that the fundamental amplitude of the input line current is 17.8(A) and this value is larger than the rating of switching device set in Table 2. From these results, the proposed PFC converter can reduce current rating of switching power device. In addition to this, the proposed PFC converter can take simple configuration.

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Fig. 6. Simulated switch current waveforms.

References
[l] D.M.Divan, Resonant DC-link Converter -A New Concept in Static Power Conversion, IEEE-IAS

Conference Proceedings 1986, pp.267-280, 1986.

[2] A.Cheriti et al., A Rugged Soft Commutated PWM

Inverter for AC Drives, IEEE PESC90, Conference Records 1990, pp.656-662, 1990.

Conclusions

In this paper, a simple one switch type single phase PFC converter with a hysteresis current controller, which can be configured by simple control strategy, was proposed and analyzed on the basis of computer simulation.

To reduce peak current of switching power semiconductor device, maximum current value is controlled to a constant value. As a result, using proposed PFC converter, it is confirmed that the fundamental component of the input line current can take larger value than the rating value of the switching power device. This means that using a same switching device, the proposed PFC converter can treat larger power than conventional PFC converter.

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