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Thread: How do we receive electrical power at our home or office?
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A transmission system can be broken down into three sub systems. They are, Primary Transmission System (generating points to bulk power receiving points) Sub Transmission System (bulk power receiving points to area substations) Distribution System (area substations to distribution substations) We know the generated electrical energy is transmitted over long distances to reach the load centres. Generator voltages are in the range of 11 to 30 kV; higher generator voltages are difficult to achieve owing to insulation problems in the narrow confines of the generator stator. Long distance transmission cannot be done at generator voltage levels (1130 kV) because of the huge material requirement and the associated high Copper Loss (sometimes we call it I2R loss). Therefore, the voltage is first stepped up at the generating point using transformers, depending upon the power system and the amount of power that has to be transmitted through transmission lines. Then this power flows through the high voltage transmission lines to the load centres. Transmission voltages worldwide range from 110 to 765 kV. One reason for using higher transmission voltages is to improve transmission efficiency. Basically, transmission of a given amount of power (at a specified power factor) requires a fixed product of voltage and line current. Thus, the higher the voltage, the lower is the current required. Lower line currents cause lower resistive losses (I2R) in the line. For example the present India Primary Transmission System consists of wide network of 765kv, 220 kV and 132 kV transmission lines feeding several 220/33 kV and 132/33 kV bulk power receiving stations. These receiving stations are also known as grid substations. You should always remember that when we state the voltage of a 3phase line, we refer to the voltage between any two wires. At these receiving points, the voltage is stepped down to 33 kV (or 11 kV in a few cases) and fed to the Sub Transmission System for shorter transmission runs. For example, The India sub transmission system comprises a 33 kV network, but there are a few 11 kV sub transmission lines, mainly in urban and suburban areas. Thereafter, the voltage is further reduced to 400 V by means of distribution transformers at distribution substations located in the residential and commercial areas for distribution purposes. Elements of a typical electrical power system are show in figure .
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office?
It is interesting. You will not prompt to me, where I can find more information on this question?
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