CIVL 3121

Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams for Frames

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Shear and Moment Diagrams for Frames

A frame is a structure composed of several members that are either fixed or pinconnected at their ends. It is often necessary to draw shear and moment diagrams to design frames.

Shear and Moment Diagrams for Frames

Procedure for analysis - the following is a procedure for constructing the shear and moment diagrams for a frame
1. Determine the support reactions for the frame, if possible. 2. Determine the support reactions A, V, and M at the end of each member using the method of sections. 3. Construct both shear and moment diagrams just as before. We will use the following sign convention: always draw the moment diagram on the compression side of the member.

Shear and Moment Diagrams for Frames

Example: Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the following frame:
0.8 k/ft. 0.6 k/ft.

Shear and Moment Diagrams for Frames

First, find as many external reactions as possible.
16 k
0.8 k/ft.

9.6k(8 ft.) 16k(10 ft.) Dy (20 ft.)

20 ft.
B

20 ft.

Dy = 11.84 k
16 ft.

9.6 k 16 ft.

0 Ay Dy 16k

0.6 k/ft.

Ax Ay Dy

Ay = 4.16 k

0 Ax 9.6k

Ax = -9.6 k

Shear and Moment Diagrams for Frames

Second, cut the frame into its component members and find the internal reactions
By MB MB Bx 9.6 k 16 ft. Bx By 20 ft. Cy 16 ft. 16 k
0.8 k/ft.

Shear and Moment Diagrams for Frames

Next, solve the equations of equilibrium for each member. Lets start with member AB.
By

Cy Mc MC Cx Cx 9.6 k MB

M
Bx

0 MB 9.6k(8 ft.) 9.6k(16 ft.)

MB = 76.8 k ft.

16 ft.

F
9.6 k

0 4.16k By

By = -4.16 k
0.6 k/ft.

9.6 k 4.16 k 11.84 k

0.6 k/ft.

4.16 k

0 Bx 9.6k 9.6k

Bx = 0

CIVL 3121

Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams for Frames

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Shear and Moment Diagrams for Frames

Next, solve the equations of equilibrium for member CD.

Shear and Moment Diagrams for Frames

Now, lets draw the shear and moment diagram (remember to draw the diagram on the compression side of the member).
Shear Diagram
dV w dx

Cy MC Cx

0 MC

MC = 0

Moment Diagram
87.6 k ft. 76.8 k ft. 76.8 k ft.
5.2 ft.

V ( x ) 4.16 0.8 x V ( x ) 4.16 0.8 x 0

16 ft.

F F

0 11.84k Cy

4.16 k

Cy = 11.84 k
x 4.16 5.2 ft. 0.8

11.84 k

0 Cx

Cx = 0

11.84 k

9.6 k

Shear and Moment Diagrams for Frames

Example: Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the following frame:
15 k
3 k/ft.
B

Shear and Moment Diagrams for Frames

Example: Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the following frame:
8k
4 k/ft.
2 ft.

4 ft.

4 ft.
C B

12 ft. 60 k ft.
A

3 ft.

4 ft.

4 ft.

Shear and Moment Diagrams by Superposition

We have learned how to construct a moment diagram from either writing the moment as a function of x or from the slope relationship with the shear diagram. If the beam or frame is linearly elastic, we can use the principles of superposition to construct moment diagrams from a series of parts rather than from a single complex shape.

Shear and Moment Diagrams by Superposition

Most loadings on beams and frames in structural analysis can be formed as a combination of the following loadings:
P M0

L V P
(k)

L V

(k)

M
(k ft.)

M x
(k ft.)

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Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams for Frames

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Shear and Moment Diagrams by Superposition

Most loadings on beams and frames in structural analysis can be formed as a combination of the following loadings:
w0
w0

Shear and Moment Diagrams by Superposition

Example: Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the following beam using superposition.

L V
w0L

L V
w 0L 2

5 k/ft.

10 k

(k)

(k)

M
(k ft.)

M x
(k ft.)

A
x

10 ft.

10 ft.

w 0 L2 2

w 0 L2 3

Shear and Moment Diagrams by Superposition

The shear diagrams using superposition
5 k/ft. 10 k

Shear and Moment Diagrams by Superposition

The moment diagrams using superposition
M
5 k/ft. 10 k (k ft.)

V
60 10

-450

10 ft.

10 ft.

(k)

x
A

10 ft.

10 ft.

V
50

M
(k ft.) 5 k/ft. -250

5 k/ft. (k)

10 k

V
10 (k)

+
x

10 k

M
(k ft.) -200

Shear and Moment Diagrams by Superposition

Example: Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the following beam using superposition:

Shear and Moment Diagrams by Superposition

Example: Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the following beam using superposition: = +

CIVL 3121

Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams for Frames

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Shear and Moment Diagrams by Superposition

Example: Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the following beam using superposition: = +

Shear and Moment Diagrams by Superposition

Example: Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the following beam using superposition.

4 k/ft.
300 k ft.

B A
10 ft. 10 ft.

End of Internal Loads Part 4

Any questions?