ORIFICE METERING SYSTEM

Bulletin 8697
Ref: Sheets 8697-3 and -5, Bulletin 8736

April 2013

8697 Metering Orices accurately measure gas ows to industrial burners. They are compact, inexpensive, and can be installed in individual burner gas lines to expedite adjustment of air/fuel ratio. They allow easy checking of operation while burners are ring. Individual metering orices are a great convenience on multiburner furnaces, facilitating setting all burners the same or in desired gradients. Some installations add a larger 8697 Metering Orice (upstream of the individual units) for continuous metering of total gas consumption in a zone or for the whole furnace. Many plants also use 8697 Metering Orices in burner air lines to enable precise matching ows of combustion air and gas. FEATURES 8697 Sizes: " through 4" pipe size Nominal ows: 90 scfh to 15,700 scfh natural gas Flexibility: Each orice holder offers a choice of seven or eight plates that can be exchanged without removing holder from pipe. This allows convenient on the job tailoring of the meter to t its requirements. INSTALLATION 10 Straight clean pipe diameters upstream, 4 diameters downstream, without valves or ttings. For maximum accuracy, readings must be corrected for: gas (or air) line pressure gas (or air) temperature barometric pressure Sheets 8697-3 and 8697-5 deal with correction factors Observe straight pipe run requirements. Pressure taps should be on top or side of pipe to reduce problems with dirt or condensate collecting in taps or manometer hose. When pressure is over 3 psi, remove hose barbs and install tube ttings to use metal tubing, rather than hose, between metering orice and manometer. When metering oxygen, use specially cleaned pipe and oxygen approved differential-pressure gauges and equipment. Models: 8697- -A: Standard meter for air and fuel gases up to 25 psi * pressure. 8697- -C: Meter specially cleaned for oxygen service up to 25 psi pressure. SELECTING AN ORIFICE 1. Determine high re air ow rate at the burner. 2. Determine corresponding gas ow rate: (For typical natural gas, divide air ow by 11 to determine gas ow.) See table below for other air/gas volume ratios. 3. Select next smaller orice plate capacity from Table B1 (realize that the plate capacity is offered in a number of different pipe size holders). * Maximum allowable prssure is 3 psig on all 8697A series orice holders manufactured prior to October 2011.
Fuel Gases natural propane butane coke oven Air/gas volume ratios (10% XSAir and typical fuels) 11 26.2 33.6 5.3 8697 Orice Holder with interchangeable orice plates.

Example: 1. A 4422-7-A Burner passes 27,000 scfh air at 16 osi (assuming 16 osi represents "high re" for this example). 2. Corresponding natural gas ow is 2455 scfh. 3. A #2000 plate is preferred because its higher required pressure drop--approximately 5.3"wc--means low re readings will be easier and more accurate. The 4422-7-A Burner has a 2" gas connection; a #2000 plate is offered in the 8697-5 (2") holder (as well as in the -3 [1"] and -4 [2"] units), so an 8697-5-A2000 Metering Orice may be the most convenient for this job.

Flow Capacities and ID's of 8697 Metering Orices

TABLE B1. Flow Capacities, scfh with 3.5"wc drop 14.397 psia inlet pressure; 80 F inlet temperature Natural Gas (0.6 sg) 90 108 130 156 186 225 270 324 387 468 558 675 810 915 972 1160 1400 1670 1890 2000 2400 2880 2970 3450 4150 4810 4970 6000 7200 7286 8640 10350 11950 12450 15700 Coke Oven Gas (0.4 sg) 110 132 159 191 228 275 330 397 473 572 683 826 991 1190 1420 1713 2040 2450 2940 3530 4230 5080 6090 7350 8820 10550 12630 15190 Natural Gas (4"wc drop) 96 115 139 167 199 241 289 346 414 500 597 722 866 1040 1240 1500 1790 2140 2570 3080 3690 4440 5310 6410 7700 9240 11100 13300 (Identical capacity plates do not interchange among different size orice holders because of physical differences.) Pipe Size Code, 8697-2 -3 -4 (1") (1") (2") TABLE B2. Orice ID, inches

Plate No.* 90 108 130 156 186 225 270 324 387 468 558 675 810 915 972 1160 1400 1670 1890 2000 2400 2880 2970 3450 4150 4810 4970 6000 7200 7286 8640 10350 11950 12450 15700

Propane (1.5 sg) 57 68 82 99 118 142 171 205 245 296 353 427 512 615 734 887 1056 1266 1518 1823 2190 2630 3140 3790 4550 5460 6540 7870

Butane (2.0 sg) 49 59 71 85 102 123 148 177 212 256 305 370 443 532 635 766 913 1095 1313 1578 1890 2270 2730 3290 3940 4730 5660 6810

Air (1.0 sg) 70 84 101 121 144 174 209 251 300 362 432 522 627 709 752 897 1083 1292 1465 1548 1858 2230 2300 2670 3220 3730 3850 4650 5580 5611 6690 8010 9250 9640 12175

Oxygen (1.1 sg) 66 79 96 115 137 166 199 240 285 344 410 496 595 715 853 1030 1230 1472 1766 2120 2540 3050 3660 4410 5290 6350 7620 9160

-01 (") 0.223 0.243 0.266 0.290 0.314 0.342 0.371

-0 (")

-1 (1")

-5 (2")

-6 (3")

-7 (4")

0.289 0.315 0.344 0.374 0.408 0.438 0.476 0.383 0.419 0.455 0.496 0.539 0.586 0.634 0.658 0.503 0.547 0.600 0.651 0.707 0.769 0.833 0.937

0.604 0.660 0.718 0.781 0.850 0.918 0.989 0.722 0.790 0.862 0.940 1.020 1.110 1.204 0.872 0.948 1.032 1.121 1.221 1.320 1.475 1.433 1.136 1.236 1.346 1.468 1.594 1.732 1.844 1.872 1.468 1.604 1.755 1.914 2.080 2.280 2.272 2.460 2.718

1.156

TABLE C. Gas Data Gas Gravity 0.6 0.4 1.5 2.0 1.0 1.1 Btu per cu ft 1060 570 2500 3210 Correct Air/Gas Ratio 10 5.45 23.8 30 Flow Factor 1.00 1.22 0.63 0.55 0.77 0.74

TABLE D. Average Recovery % of Tap Differential Average Recovery 15 17 20 23 27 32 36 Permanent Pressure Loss 85 83 80 77 73 68 64

Kind of Gas Natural Coke Oven Propane Butane Air Oxygen

* 00 is a blank plate without orice

ID 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th

For pressure and temperature conditions other than 14.397 psia and 80 F, see Sheets 8697-3 and -5. Natural gas capacity at 3"wc dp is the plate number. High Beta ratio; normally used for air to prove ow only. For oxygen, specify 8697- -C-plate #. Use oxygen-cleaned metal tubing and pipe to an oxygen-approved differential-pressure gauge. Use only for line pressure at or below 25 psig. Capacity factor of a given orice relative to same orice with natural gas. Corrosive to brass. Bulletin 8697

The pressure recovery for any specic orice/holder combination depends on its position in the group of seven standard ID's available for its pipe size. EXAMPLE: 36% pressure recovery is possible with an 8697-1-810 or with an 8697-712450 (as well as the 7th ID in all other pipe sizes). This means that when the pressure taps show a 3.5"wc pressure differential, the permanent pressure loss is (100 36) or 64% of 3.5 or 2"wc.

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Bulletin 8697

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Bulletin 8697 Page 4

FIELD SETUP 1. Light burner. Adjust regulator and limiting orice valve per their instructions. 2. Attach a manometer or quality air pressure gauge to burner air connection. Set burner air valve for desired pressure. 3. Open each orice holder pressure tap momentarily to ush out condensate and dirt. 4. Connect a manometer, with its equalizing valve open, to orice holder taps. Slowly open these taps; then slowly close the equalizing valve, taking care not to "blow" the manometer. 5. Adjust limiting orice valve for proper gas ow reading. Using example (from "Selection," page 1):
Piping for metering orices with nozzle-mix burners (with premix burners, install orice holder between atmospheric regulator and mixer). One portable manometer can be used for all orice differential readings.

CHANGING ORIFICES 1. Turn off gas supply. 2. Remove orice plate size tag. 3. Remove cover screws and cover. 4. Loosen internal spring holding screw. 5. Remove orice plate. 6. Install new orice plate. 7. Tighten internal spring holding screw. 8. Replace cover and cover screws. 9. Attach new orice plate size tag. 10. Perform leak test to verify no leakage. DIMENSIONS
FLOW D to C L

If actual high re air pressure on gauge is 14 osi, air ow is 27,000 14/16 = 25,260 scfh and corresponding natural gas ow should be 2526 scfh. Adjust limiting orice gas valve until manometer across the #2400 plate shows 3.88"wc: (2526/2400)2 3.5. (If using an 8736-A Manometer, its right hand scale [specically for 8697 Metering Orifices] could be used--in this case 2526/2400 = 1.05 scale factor.)

Allow screwdriver clearance for changing orice plate 2 Holes each side 58" - 11" UNC Tap 58" Deep 7" Dia. BC 9"

18" Pipe thread 8697-01- -6 E B C to C L Afpt Inlet and outlet

558"

F G 3116"

6" 3116" 4" Pipe size Inlet and Outlet 418" Face to Face

Orice Holder designation A 8697-01 8697-0 8697-1 8697-2 8697-3 8697-4 8697-5 8697-6

dimensions in inches

B 21316 278 318 318 318 3 3 378

C 378 378 4 4516 4716 4 518 5916

D 358 3 378 418 4 4 41316 478

E 138 158 178 238 258 318 3 4

F 11316 11316 11516 2316 2516 2 3 3

wt in lb

1 1 1 2 2 3

22132 1 2 1 3 2 3 2 3 4 4 5 538 9 6516 12

8697-7 Orice Holder is identical in operation to smaller sizes, but it is mounted between anges instead of being threaded onto pipe. Standard ANSI 125 psi anges and full faced gaskets must be supplied separately. Holder ts within bolt circle of anges: Two top bolts on each side screw into the holder to assure correct alignment. Weight: 25 pounds

DIMENSIONS SHOWN ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE. PLEASE OBTAIN CERTIFIED PRINTS FROM FIVES NORTH AMERICAN COMBUSTION, INC. IF SPACE LIMITATIONS OR OTHER CONSIDERATIONS MAKE EXACT DIMENSION(S) CRITICAL.

CONSTRUCTION Orice plates: stainless steel. Accurately centered and ground to size with close tolerances. Plate is stamped with its number, which is its capacity in scfh of 0.6 s.g. gas at 3.5"wc pressure drop. Orice holders: cast iron. Cadmium plated steel springs, neoprene gaskets, brass hose cocks--alternate cocks available for gases corrosive to brass.
WARNING: Situations dangerous to personnel and property may exist with the operation and maintenance of any combustion equipment. The presence of fuels, oxidants, hot and cold combustion products, hot surfaces, electrical power in control and ignition circuits, etc., are inherent with any combustion application. Parts of this product may exceed 160F in operation and present a contact hazard. Fives North American Combustion, Inc. urges compliance with National Safety Standards and Insurance Underwriters recommendations, and care in operation.

Fives North American Combustion, Inc. - 4455 East 71st Street - Cleveland, OH 44105 USA - Phone 216.271.6000 Fax 216.641.7852 - email: fna.sales@vesgroup.com - www.vesgroup.com/vesna

4-13-B8697