Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Services
Intangible output of a production process
PRODUCTS GOODS (tangible) SERVICES (intangible)
PRODUCTION
USERS NEED
Key role in the economy transport, telecommunications long term effects - environmental, educational services Services value added = 2/3 Global GDP
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Services
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Agriculture
Industry
Ni g
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EU
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di a
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80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
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EU
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B ra z
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1990
2001
Ta
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12000 10500
Goods Services
GDP
19 80
20 00 20 02 20 04
82
84
86
88
90
92
94
96
98
Export of Services
*
World exports in com. services in 2008 rose by 11% and amounted to $3.730 trillion (1/4th of goods exports)
(Source: WTO)
Exports by India in 2008 - $106 billion as compared to only $6.7 billion in 1995 (16-fold increase). Imports by India in 2008- $91 billion. BOT favourable.
(Source: WTO)
2007-08, Services accounted for 63% of GDP in India (Agri-18 & Ind-19%)
(Source: RBI Report on Currency and Finance- Sept 08 ).
2262
30835 114558 128888
796
1010 62341 190670
1466
29825 52217 -61782
2408
43506 148604 166163
859
1801 74012 257789
1549
41705 74592 -91626
2170
46380 162556 175184
996
2333 72970 294587
1174
44047 89586 -119403
The GATS
Set of rules covering international trade in services
Set of general obligations and disciplines GATS Pillars Countries schedules of specific commitments
By mode of supply
GATS
Consumer from A
Service supply
Service supplier
Juridical person
GATS
Natural person
Natural person
Consumer from A
Juridical person
UNBOUND Commitments
All commitments in a schedule are bound unless otherwise specified. In such a case, where a Member wishes to remain free in a given sector and mode of supply to introduce or maintain measures inconsistent with market access or national treatment, the Member has entered in the appropriate space the term UNBOUND.
In some situations a particular mode of supply such as the cross-border supply of bridge-building services may not be technically possible or feasible. In such cases the term UNBOUND* has been used, usually in conjunction with an explanatory footnote stating Unbound due to lack of technical feasibility
GATS has schedules that reflect the commitments of Member States (Art. XX) (GATS, unlike GATT, put limitations in the scheduling) Transparency (Art. III) Negotiations to reduce barriers (Art. XIX) Compensation if a WTO Member State modifies its commitments (Art. XXI)
Business Services Communication Services Construction Services Distribution Services Education Services Environmental
Services
Health Related Services Financial Services Tourism Services Recreation, Culture, Sports
Services
GATS SCHEDULE
How they Operate and Look Like Illustration:
Sector / Subsector Mode of Supply Market Access National Treatment Additional Commitments
Financial Services
Banking
Cross Border
Commercial Presence
GATS SCHEDULE
How they Operate and Look Like Illustration:
Modes of supply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector
8. HEALTH RELATED AND SOCIAL SERVICES A. Hospital Services (CPC 9311)
Additional commitments