Ex.

No: 1

FACING, PLAIN TURNING AND STEP TURNING

Date: AIM: To obtain the required shape and size of the given work piece by facing, plain turning and step turning.

TOOLS REQUIRED: Single point cutting tool, Vernier calliper, Steel rule, outside calliper, marking gauge

PROCEDURE: 1. The given work piece is checked for its dimensions by using measuring devices. 2. Loosen the jaws in the chuck using the chuck key to position the work piece, and then tighter the jaws. 3. Check the centre of the job using marking gauge. If the centre of the job is not in the lathe axis readjust the chuck and fix the job in the lathe axis. 4. Fix the single point cutting tool in the tool post. 5. Select the corresponding spindle speed and feed the before starting the operation 6. Switch ON the lathe and do the facing operation on the one side of the job 7. Move the carriage near the work piece. Give it small cross feed and then move the carriage 8. Then stop the machine, release the chuck, mark the length, invert the job and refax in the chuck 9. Do the facing operation on the other side of the job. 10. Then the plain turning is done to reduce the diameter of the work piece 11. Finally, the dimensions of work piece are again checked

RESULT: Thus the required size and shape of the given work piece was determined

Ex. No: 2 Date: AIM:

TAPER TURNING USING COMPOUND REST.

To perform Taper Turning operation in the given work piece to the dimensions using lathe.

TOOLS REQUIRED: Lathe, Turning Tool, Vernier Calliper.

PROCEDURE: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The Given work piece is MEASURED for its initial dimensions. Facing is done to machine the end face of the work piece. Turning is done to reduce the diameter as shown in the figure. Step Turning is again done to reduce the diameter for particular distance. Taper turning is performed by swivelling the compound rest of the lathe. The swivel angle is determined by using formula tan = D d/ 2l

Where,

D = Bigger taper diameter d = Smaller taper diameter l = Length of the taper

6. The work piece is now checked for final dimensions

RESULTS: Thus, the Taper Turning operation is performed in the given work piece to the dimensions using lathe.

Ex. No: 3

TAPER TURNING, THREAD CUTTING AND KNURLING

Date: AIM: To perform taper turning, thread cutting and knurling operation on a given cylindrical work piece.

TOOLS REQUIRED: Single point cutting tool, Vernier calliper, Steel rule, Outside calliper, Marking gauge, Thread cutting tool, Thread pitch gauge , Knurling tool

CALCULATION:

Taper turning:
The angle is determined by using the formula, Tana= (D-d)/2L Where D=Larger diameter of the work piece d=smaller dia of the work piece L=taper length of the work piece

Thread Cutting:
(Driver teeth)/ (Driven teeth) = (Pitch of the work)/ (Pitch of the lead screw)

PROCEDURE: 1. The given work piece is checked for its dimensions by using measuring devices. 2. Loosen the jaws in the chuck using the chuck key to position the work piece. 3. Check the centre of the job using marking gauge.

4. Fix the single point cutting tool in the tool post. 5. Select the corresponding spindle speed and feed the before starting the operation 6. Work the taper length on the job 7. Calculate the taper angle and then the compound rest is received to the required angle 8. Cutting tool is moved at an angle to the lathe axis 9. The gear ratio of no of teeth required on change gear are calculated 10. The current size of gears in the change gear train is fixed 11. Rotation of spindle should be sent out fourth of speed 12. The cutting tool height is set which is equal to the centre of work piece 13. The cross slide hand wheel is rotated tilled tool touches the work piece 14. The half nut is engaged when any one making on the dial coincides with reference mark on chasing dial 15. Now the tool will move in helical path on the work piece to form thread 16. Fix the knurling tool in the tool post 17. Then the tool is held in tool post and passed again checked

RESULT: Thus the taper turning thread cutting and knurling operation of required dimensions was determined

Ex. No: 4 Date: AIM:

BORING AND INTERNAL THREAD CUTTING

To perform Boaring and internal thread cutting operation on a given cylindrical work piece

TOOLS REQUIRED: Single point cutting tool, Vernier calliper, Steel rule, Outside calliper, Marking gauge, Thread cutting tool, Thread pitch gauge, Boring tool

CALCULATION: Thread Cutting: (Driver teeth)/ (Driven teeth) = (Pitch of the work)/(Pitch of the lead screw)

PROCEDURE: 1. The given work piece is checked for its dimensions by using measuring devices. 2. Loosen the jaws in the chuck using the chuck key to position the work piece. 3. Check the centre of the job using marking gauge. 4. Fix the single point cutting tool in the tool post. 5. Select the corresponding spindle speed and feed the before starting the operation 6. The drill is fitted in the tail stock spindle 7. The tail stock is moved over the bed and chambered near the work piece 8. When the job rotates, the drill bit is fed into work by turning tail stock hand wheel up to required path 9. Then Boring tool is fitted on the tool post and fed parallel to the axis of lathe 10. Boar the work piece to required dia 11. The gear ratio and no teeth required on change gears are calculated 12. The current size of gears in the change gear train is fixed 13. The rotation of the spindle should be sent one fourth of the speed required for turning 14. The cross slide hand wheel is rotated till the tool touches the work piece 15. Now the tool will move in helical path on work piece to form thread 16. After one pass the half nut is discharged and the tool is withdrawn

simultaneously 17. The tool is adjusted to the required depth of cut and rearranged the half nut for repeating the same procedure till the required depth is obtained 18. Finally, the dimensions of work piece are again checked

RESULT: Thus the Boring and internal thread cutting operation of required dimension was determined

Ex. No: 5

MAKING A V SHAPE USING SHAPING MACHINE

Date:

AIM: To make a V- Shape in the given work piece to the dimensions using Shaping Machine

TOOLS REQUIRES: Shaping Machine, Scriber, Divider, Steel Rule, Chalk Piece, Bevel Protractor.

PROCEDURE: 1. 2. 3. 4. The given work piece is measured for its initial dimensions With the help of scriber, mark the V-Shape dimensions in the work piece. Fix the work piece in the vice of the shaping machine. After fixing the work piece and the shaping tool, allow the ram to reciprocate. 5. Start the shaping process by giving the required depth by lowering the tool. 6. Slowly increase the depth of cut and repeat the procedure to make the vshape. 7. The work piece is now checked for final dimensions.

RESULT: Thus, a V-Shape is made in the given work piece to the dimensions using shaper machine.

Ex. No: 6

MAKING HEXAGONAL SHAPE

Date:

AIM: To produce hexagonal milling in the vertical milling machine.

TOOLS REQUIRED: 1. 2. 3. 4. Vernier caliper Steel rule Single point cutting tool End mill cutter

PROCEDURE: 1. The dimension of the given work piece is measured using of vernier calliper. 2. Then the facing and turning operations are done on the work piece using the help of centre lathe. 3. The step turning operation are done on the work piece for required length. 4. Then the work piece is held in the chuck of the vertical milling machine. 5. The end mill cutter is rotated and fed against the work piece. 6. The vertical feed is given in the cutter and the cross feed is given in the work piece. 7. After finishing one side, the work piece is rotated by using the dividing head. Direct indexing is used. 8. The same steps are repeated for the other sides of the hexagon also. 9. Finally using vernier calliper check the dimension of the finished work piece.

RESULTS: Thus the hexagonal milling is done on the work piece using vertical milling machine.

Ex. No: 7

MAKING A KEYWAY USING SLOTTING MACHINE

Date:

AIM: To make a keyway in the given work piece to the dimensions using slotting machine

TOOLS REQUIRED: Slotting Machine, Scriber, Divider, Steel Rule.

PROCEDURE: 1. 2. 3. 4. The given work piece is measured for its initial dimensions. With the help of scriber mark the keyway dimensions in the work piece. Fix the work piece in the vice of the slotting machine. After fixing the work piece and the slotting tool, allow the ram to vertically reciprocate. 5. Start the slotting process by giving the required depth by horizontally moving the vice. 6. Slowly increase the depth of cut and repeat the procedure to make the required shape 7. The work piece is now checked for final dimensions

RESULT: Thus, keyway is made in the given work piece to the dimensions using Slotting Machine.

Ex. No: 8

DRILLING HOLES ON PITCH CIRCLE

Date:

AIM: Aim of this practice is to machine holes on pitch circle drawn on a given work piece.

TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED: Radial Drilling machine, Drill bit, Dot punch, Tap, Chalk piece and Hammer, Compass.

PROCEDURE: 1. Draw A pitch circle on the given work piece using a compass. 2. Separate its circumference by the number of holes to be cut. 3. Each interval has to be drilled on this pitch circle. 4. A punch is made to identify the place to be drilled. 5. Work piece is fixed on the radial drilling machine and holes are made.

RESULT: Thus drilling operation is performed on the PCD Drawn on the work piece.

Ex. No: 9

DRILLING AND TAPPING

Date:

AIM: To perform Drilling and Taping operation in the given work piece to the dimensions using Radial Drilling Machines

TOOLS REQUIRED: Radial Drilling Machine, Drill Bit, Dot Punch, Steel Rule, tap, 3/8 tap, Chalk Piece, Hammer.

PROCEDURE:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

The given work piece is measured for its initial dimensions. Apply chalk powder on the work piece. Mark the centre of the circles to the dimensions. By using the dot punch, mark the centre of the circles. Drill holes in the work piece as per the marks made using radial drilling machine. 6. Perform the tapping operation on all the five holes using the respective tap. 7. The work piece is now checked for final dimensions

RESULTS: Thus, Drilling and Tapping operation is performed in the given work piece to the dimensions using Radial Drilling Machine.

Ex. No: 10

SPUR GEAR MILLING

Date:

AIM: Aim of this practice is to machine gear to the given module and number of teeth in the given work piece.

TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED: Milling machine, Vernier calliper and Mandrel.

PROCEDURE: 1. Calculate the gear tooth proportions. Blank diameter = (Z + 2) m Tooth depth = 2.25 m Tooth width = 1.5708 m Where, Z = Number of teeth required m = module 2. Indexing calculation Index crank movement = 40 / Z 3. The dividing head and the tail stock are bolted on the machine table. Their axis must be set parallel to the machine table. 4. The gear blank is held between the dividing head and tailstock using a mandrel. The mandrel is connected with the spindle of dividing head by a carrier and catch plate. 5. The cutter is mounted on the arbor. The cutter is centered accurately with the gear blank. 6. Set the speed and feed for machining. 7. For giving depth of cut, the table is raised till the periphery of the gear blank just touches the cutter. 8. The micrometre dial of vertical feed screw is set to zero in this position.

9. Then the table is raised further to give the required depth of cut. 10. The machine is started and feed is given to the table to cut the first groove of the blank. 11. After the cut, the table is brought back to the starting position. 12. Then the gear blank is indexed for the next tooth space. 13. This is continued till all the gear teeth are cut. CALCULATION: Z = No. of teeth = 23 m = module = 2 mm Blank Diameter = (Z + 2) * m = (23 + 2) * 2 = 50 mm Tooth Depth = 2.25 m = 2.25 * 2 = 4.5 mm Indexing Calculation = 40 / Z = 40 / 23 = 1 17/23 RESULT: Thus the required gear is machined using the milling machine to the required number of teeth.

Ex. No: 11

CYLINDRICAL GRINDING

Date:

AIM: To make a fine finish of the cylindrical work piece using cylindrical grinding machine.

TOOLS REQUIRED: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Vernier calliper Steel rule Single point cutting tool Drill chuck and centre drill Carrier dog Micrometer

PROCEDURE:

1. The dimensions of the given work piece is measured using the help of vernier calliper 2. The the facing and turning operations are done on the work piece using the help of centre lathe. 3. The step turning is done on the work piece for required length. 4. Using the help of drill chuck and centre drill two small holes are made on the two ends of the work piece. 5. Then the work piece is fitted in the grinding machine with the help of carrier dog. 6. The machine is switched on and the spindle rotates the work piece and the wheel pass each other. 7. The work piece is grinded to the required dimensions. 8. The dimensions are checked with the help of vernier calliper and micrometer.

RESULTS: Thus the given work piece is grinded with the help of cylindrical grinding machine.