Electronics 1. 2. 3. Swinburnes method most economical and convenient method of testing 0.

.5 - typical value of armature resistance 50 - typical op-amp input impedance / typical surge cable resistance 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 600 V solid grounding 3.3 kV 11 kV resistance grounding 5 to 10 years shelf life of lithium cells 3 to 8 inches size of silicon before processing -40 dB roll-off (low pass filters) Ramsauers effect absorption of slow moving electrons by interfering matter 10. Bravais lattice shows the location of lattice points 11. Frenkel defect an atom or ion leaves its place in the lattice and becomes an interstitial 12. Vacancy defect an atom is missing from one of the sites 13. single phase motors does not self start 14. Anderson bridge circuit used to identify unknown inductances 15. Maxwell Wien bridge circuit modified version of Anderson bridge circuit 16. Schering bridge circuit used to identify unknown capacitance 17. Wheatstone bridge used to determine unknown resistances ranging from 1 to few M 18. Miller circuit step input to ramp output 19. Phanastron circuit modified version of Miller 20. Zinc and copper used as good electrodes 21. Zinc container cathode part in the dry cell 22. Silver zinc cell used for emergency 23. Weston saturated cell used in large laboratories 24. carbon cannot be used as a magnet

25. glass strongest dielectric 26. double transient energy refers to RLC circuits 27. transient dependent on the instant that the circuit is closed. 28. punch through effect when RB voltage is exceeded and avalanche breakdown occurs. 29. lead acid cell 2.1 V 30. antimony lead alloy sediments found in a lead acid cell 31. transformer coupled load improves Class A efficiency by 50% 32. 95% - amount of current which flows through the collector 33. solar cell photovoltaic cell 34. bundled conductor reduces power loss due to corona 35. corona common in Tx lines; not affected by atmospheric temp. 36. local hot spots di/dt in SCR 37. false triggering dv/dt in SCR 38. IEEE-488 digital interface - is a shortrange, digital communications bus specification. 39. RAM combinational logic circuits 40. ROM array 41. cache memory recently accessed data 42. PMOS 6 times slower than NMOS 43. kWh meter recording instrument 44. 1 kWh = 860 kcal 45. Tx limit can be solved by inserting a series capacitance and shunt reactors 46. varactor as RB increases, capacitance decreases 47. temp increase = length increase, stress decrease 48. Schottky diode fast switching 49. triode simplest amplifier diode 50. Nimak gantry positional precision robot 51. Karel Capek coined the word robot 52. J.S. Kilby made the first I.C. 53. Ted Hoff designed the microprocessor in 1969.

54. anthropometric robot most maneuverable robot 55. SCARA used in assembly operation 56. revolute rotational movement 57. prismatic straight movement 58. walk through programming the linear movement of robot 59. 0.5m - thickness of the depletion layer of an unbiased P-N junction 60. 10,000 no. of times a card reader can read 61. 1,000,000 actual gain of an op-amp 62. 4 & 100 inductance of a voice coil / speaker impedance 63. LASCR used as latch, no gate terminal 64. binary counter use a D- flip flop 65. D-flip flop composed of JK, inverter and RS flip flop 66. NAND S=0, C=0 67. NOR S=1, C=1 68. monolithic IC passive and active components undergo one process; used in computers because they are more compact 69. film IC depositing required patterns of passive components 70. thin film spattering / ceramic substrate 71. thick film silk screening / alumina substrate 72. index register used for address modification 73. Hartley tap coil 74. Colpitts tap capacitor 75. Ip/IV- ratio in tunnel diode important in computer applications 76. transputer computer on a chip; operates on parallel processing; 32 bits 77. nonvolatile memory semiconductor rom 78. semiconductor rom combinational logic circuit 79. SCS anode, cathode and 2 gates 80. diac pair of four layer SCR 81. triac behaves like 2 SCR 82. SCR 2 N-type and 2 P-type 83. UJT behaves like diode and 2 resistors

84. induction instrument rotation instrument 85. JFET depletion mode only; square law device (transconductance curve is parabolic) 86. PIN negative resistance diode / thin slice of semiconductor sandwiched between two metal conductors 87. IMPATT microwave device used as oscillator for 10-1000 GHz frequencies 88. bolometer used to measure temperature variations with ref to the changing metallic resistance 89. stroboscope measures speed while flashing at a preset frequency 90. ondograph waveshaping of voltage / current 91. light meter uses lux as unit 92. permeameter measures magnetic characteristics of ferromagnetic substances 93. luminous intensity unit used is candela 94. 0999 maximum number display for a 31/2 digital meter 95. 1000 V max voltage measured for a resolution of 100mV 31/2 digital meter 96. darlington pair gain is obtained by multiplying the beta values of the transistors; same as voltage gain with an emitter follower 97. class B amp not prone to even order harmonic distortion 98. class C amp most distorted output 99. EAROM degraded every read operation 100. 101. 102. 103. 104. ultraviolet light can erase flip flop belongs to the SC flip flop used as latch toggle condition distinction speed of operation reason the contents of an EPROM family of bistable multivibrator

of JK flip flop over SC flip flop why avalanche diode is preferred over PIN diode in optical systems

105. infinity 106. JFET 107. 108. 109. 110. 111. valves 112. plates 113. 114.

CMRR for a differential amp is source point of reference in thermal neutrons slow bimetallic strip the frequency stability improved gain stability improved by FET similar to thermionic deflection sensitivity of CRT

130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140.

electronic oscillator always Boltzmanns diode constant low frequency cut off transistor interjunction notch relays impulse ECL very low propagation I2L bipolar saturated logic CMOS very compact ; logic analyzer depends on push-pull eliminate even use of DC motor / stepper

with feedback static V/I characteristics bypass and coupling capacitor capacitance parasitic oscillations repeating delay , fastest

neutrons thermostat used in irons by using a tuned circuit controlling the gain

power consumption (in nW range) the maximum input channel

dependent on the separation of Y carbon has a negative temp indium cannot be used in

coefficient doping when convertin an intrinsic to N-type extrinsic 115. 116. 117. freedom 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. daisy chaining photodarlington sulphation occurs due to digital IC discrete change analog IC linear change schottky diode no depletion 64 bit word size used on nickel has high internal lead acid dilute sulphuric Fermi level forbidden gap microprocessor basic units all solids have 6 degrees of

order harmonics motor compared to an ac motor can withstand overload 141. Barkhausen criterion - A1 sustain oscillation 142. 143. 144. 145. 146. 147. 148. 149. 150. 151. phase 0 degree positive feedback monostable introduced astable used as oscillator bistable used as flip flop soft stops servo rotational advantage of non-servo direct coupling less RC coupling low cost and transformer coupling

are ALU and control unit

regenerative delay propagation

phototransistor and transistor incomplete charging of lead acid cell

high repeatability, low cost distorted to any frequency response no adjustment minimum loading and minimum mismatch 152. 153. portion 154. subroutine high cannot be used as programming test saturation clipping at cut off clipping at positive negative portion

layers and operate with hot carriers largest computers resistance acid, sponge rod, lead peroxide

127.
128. 129. charged

Ah > 1 always Wh
trickle charge fresh and fully no water is absorbed

155. 156. 157. 158. 159. 160. 161. 162. 163. 164. 165. 166. 167. off 168. junction 169. 170. 171.

DE MOSFET no pn junction speed links torque and power decade counter 0-9 counter, 4096- 4096 x 1-bit RAM SiO2 isolation in ICs MKS unit for electric field excess-3 add 3 in BCD handshaking overcome relaxation oscillator ripple factor determines the fixed bias less stable negative swing Q point at positive swing Q point at cut bias apply dc voltage at pn mica not good conductor LCD has less power cascade amp better BW

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intensity volt per meter

problems in asynchronous transmission interdependent circuit filter efficiency of the P.S.

saturation

requirement compared to LED array