A.

Intermediate frame
4.A.1 Top chord
4.A.1.1 Loads-
-Checking the member for the following combination of loads:
For load case 1.2 [DL+OL+LL+WL_135DEG], for member no. 101 in STAAD file
Case 1: F
x
= -915 kN -maxm. axial tension
M
z
= 11 kN-m -moment
For load case 1.5 [DL+OL+WL_0DEG], for member no. 101 in STAAD file
Case 2: F
x
= 963 kN -maxm. axial compression
M
z
= 10.5 kN-m -moment
V
max
= F
y,max
= 6 kN -maxm. shear force
4.A.1.2 Sectional properties & end conditions-
Section: 200 NB 6.3 THK. TATA STRUCTURA
Properties:
Outer diameter of pipe = 219.1 mm
Thickness = 6.3 mm
Inner diameter of pipe = 206.5 mm
A = 4212 mm
2
-c/s area
Self-wt. = 33.06 kg/m
I
xx
= I
yy
= 23861393
mm
4
-second moment of area
I
t
= 47722785
mm
4
-torsional const.
z
p
= (d
o
3
- d
i
3
)/6 -plastic section modulus
= 285371.5 mm
3
z
e
= 217813
mm
3
-elastic section modulus
r
min
= 75.3 mm -radius of gyration
f
y
= 310 MPa -grade of steel
f
u
= 450 MPa
Structural restrain:
-member is retrained by purlins on top and connectors on bottom at every 1.2m
-assuming k=1 (pinned at both ends) conservatively for bending as well as compression
kL = L
LT
= 1200 mm
4.A.1.3 Shear capacity:
V
d
= A
v
f
yw
/3
m0
[As per Sec. 8.4 of IS 800- 2007]
A
v
= 2A/ -shear area
= 2681 mm
2
.'. V
d
= 436.3 kN -design shear strength
0.6V
d
= 261.8 kN
0.6V
d
> V
max
OK
4. CANTILEVER BEAM
4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.A.1.4 Moment capacity:
-Closed hollow sections are not subjected to warping, hence treating it as laterally supported
M
d
=
b
z
p
f
y
/
mo
=
80.42 kN-m
M
z,max
= 11.00 kN-m
M
d
> M
z,max
OK
4.A.1.5 Tensile strength:
-considering yeilding of gross section
T
d
= A
g
f
y
/
mo
= 1186.9 kN -design tensile strength
T
max
= 915 kN -maxm. axial tension
T
d
> T
max
OK
4.A.1.6 Compressive strength:
kL/r
min
= 15.94 mm
Buckling class = a
f
c
= 279.92 MPa
P
d
= 1179.0 kN -design compressive strength
P
max
= 963.0 kN -maxm. axial compression
P
d
> P
max
OK
COMBINED CHECKS:
4.A.1.7 Section strength [As per Sec. 9.3.1 of IS 800- 2007]
M
ndz
= 1.04 M
d
(1-n
1.7
)
n
= N/N
d
.'. n = 0.77 -for tensile force
= 0.81 -for compressive force
.'. M
ndz
= 29.9 kN -for tensile force
= 25.0 kN -for compressive force
M
y
= 0 -no moment about other axis

1
=
2
= 2
For axial tension-
(M
z
/M
ndz
)
2
= 0.135
< 1.0 OK
For axial compression-
(M
z
/M
ndz
)
2
= 0.176
< 1.0 OK
('.' 0.6V
d
> V)
[As per Cl. 8.2.1.2 of IS 800- 2007]
[As per Cl. 6.2 of IS 800- 2007]
N
d
- design strength in tension due to yeilding
N- applied axial force
[For hollow sections as per Table-
10, IS 800- 2007]
[Table 9(a) of IS 800- 2007]
-maxm. moment subjected onto member
(for circular tubes)
[Table 17, IS 800- 2007]

H

H
nd
u
1
+
H
z
H
ndz
u
2
1.0
4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.A.1.8 Overall member strength-
A) Bending +Axial tension [As per Sec. 9.3.2.1, IS 800- 2007]
M
eff
= [M-TZ
ec
/A] M
d
= 1 -T & M cannot vary independently
M
eff
= 10.95 kN-m
M
d
> M
eff
OK
B) Bending +Axial compression [As per Sec. 9.3.2.2, IS 800- 2007]
K
y
= 1+(
y
-0.2)n
y
1 + 0.8n
y
K
z
= 1+(
z
-0.2)n
z
1 + 0.8n
z
K
LT
=
f
cc
= 7766.1 MPa
.'.
y
=
z
= 0.20
n
y
= n
z
= P/P
d
= 0.817
f
cr,b =
10000 MPa

LT
= 0.18
C
mLT
= 0.6
C
my
= C
mz
= 0.6
K
y
= K
z
= 1.0
K
LT
= 0.96
= 0.94 OK
= 0.90 OK
'.' circular sections don't warp, critical stress
would be maximum
[Table 18, IS 800- 2007]
(M
2
/M
1
=0)
P
P
d
+ K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
L1
H
z
H
dz
1.0
P
P
dz
+0.6K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
z
C
mz
H
z
H
dz
1.0
1
0.1
L1
n

C
mL1
0.25
1
0.1n

C
mL1
0.25

z
=

cc

cc
=
n
2
E
kI
r
2

L1
=

c,b
P
P
d
+ K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
L1
H
z
H
dz
P
P
dz
+0.6K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
z
C
mz
H
z
H
dz

4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.A.2 Bottom chord
4.A.2.1 Loads-
-Checking the member for the following combination of loads:
For load case 1.5 [DL+OL+WL_0DEG], for member no. 202 in STAAD file
Case 1: F
x
= -920 kN -maxm. axial tension
M
z
= 97 kN-m -moment
For load case 1.2 [DL+OL+LL+WL_135DEG], for member no. 202 in STAAD file
Case 2: F
x
= 875 kN -maxm. axial compression
M
z
= 92 kN-m -moment
V
max
= F
y,max
= 68 kN -maxm. shear force
4.A.2.2 Sectional properties & end conditions-
Section: 300 NB 8 THK. TATA STRUCTURA
Properties:
Outer diameter of pipe = 323.9 mm
Thickness = 8 mm
Inner diameter of pipe = 307.9 mm
A = 7939 mm
2
-c/s area
Self-wt. = 62.32 kg/m
I
xx
= I
yy
= 99100806
mm
4
-second moment of area
I
t
= 1.98E+08
mm
4
-torsional const.
z
p
= (d
o
3
- d
i
3
)/6 -plastic section modulus
= 798513.1 mm
3
z
e
= 611922
mm
3
-elastic section modulus
r
min
= 111.7 mm -radius of gyration
f
y
= 310 MPa -grade of steel
f
u
= 450 MPa
Structural restrain:
-member is retrained by wind bracings at bottom and by connectors at top
-assuming k=1 (pinned at both ends) conservatively for bending as well as compression
kL = L
LT
= 4800 mm
4.A.2.3 Shear capacity:
V
d
= A
v
f
yw
/3
m0
[As per Sec. 8.4 of IS 800- 2007]
A
v
= 2A/ -shear area
= 5054 mm
2
.'. V
d
= 822.4 kN -design shear strength
0.6V
d
= 493.4 kN
0.6V
d
> V
max
OK
4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.A.2.4 Moment capacity:
-Closed hollow sections are not subjected to warping, hence treating it as laterally supported
M
d
=
b
z
p
f
y
/
mo
=
225.04 kN-m
M
z,max
= 97.00 kN-m
M
d
> M
z,max
OK
4.A.2.5 Tensile strength:
-considering yeilding of gross section
T
d
= A
g
f
y
/
mo
= 2237.5 kN -design tensile strength
T
max
= 920 kN -maxm. axial tension
T
d
> T
max
OK
4.A.2.6 Compressive strength:
kL/r
min
= 42.96 mm
Buckling class = a
f
c
= 256.80 MPa
P
d
= 2038.8 kN -design compressive strength
P
max
= 875.0 kN -maxm. axial compression
P
d
> P
max
OK
COMBINED CHECKS:
4.A.2.7 Section strength [As per Sec. 9.3.1 of IS 800- 2007]
M
ndz
= 1.04 M
d
(1-n
1.7
)
n
= N/N
d
.'. n = 0.41 -for tensile force
= 0.39 -for compressive force
.'. M
ndz
= 182.4 kN -for tensile force
= 186.6 kN -for compressive force
M
y
= 0 -no moment about other axis

1
=
2
= 2
For axial tension-
(M
z
/M
ndz
)
2
= 0.283
< 1.0 OK
For axial compression-
(M
z
/M
ndz
)
2
= 0.243
< 1.0 OK
[As per Cl. 8.2.1.2 of IS 800- 2007]
('.' 0.6V
d
> V)
-maxm. moment subjected onto member
[As per Cl. 6.2 of IS 800- 2007]
[For hollow sections as per Table-
10, IS 800- 2007]
[Table 9(a) of IS 800- 2007]
N- applied axial force
N
d
- design strength in tension due to yeilding
[Table 17, IS 800- 2007]
(for circular tubes)

H

H
nd
u
1
+
H
z
H
ndz
u
2
1.0
4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.A.2.8 Overall member strength-
A) Bending +Axial tension [As per Sec. 9.3.2.1, IS 800- 2007]
M
eff
= [M-TZ
ec
/A] M
d
= 1 -T & M cannot vary independently
M
eff
= 96.93 kN-m
M
d
> M
eff
OK
B) Bending +Axial compression [As per Sec. 9.3.2.2, IS 800- 2007]
K
y
= 1+(
y
-0.2)n
y
1 + 0.8n
y
K
z
= 1+(
z
-0.2)n
z
1 + 0.8n
z
K
LT
=
f
cc
= 1069.4 MPa
.'.
y
=
z
= 0.54
n
y
= n
z
= P/P
d
= 0.429
f
cr,b
= 10000 MPa

LT
= 0.25
C
mLT
= 0.6
C
my
= C
mz
= 0.6
K
y
= K
z
= 1.1
K
LT
= 0.97
= 0.83 OK
= 0.71 OK
'.' circular sections don't warp, critical stress
would be maximum
[Table 18, IS 800- 2007]
(M
2
/M
1
=0)
P
P
d
+ K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
L1
H
z
H
dz
1.0
P
P
dz
+0.6K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
z
C
mz
H
z
H
dz
1.0
1
0.1
L1
n

C
mL1
0.25
1
0.1n

C
mL1
0.25

z
=

cc

cc
=
n
2
E
kI
r
2

L1
=

c,b
P
P
d
+ K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
L1
H
z
H
dz
P
P
dz
+0.6K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
z
C
mz
H
z
H
dz

4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.A.3 Knee Brace
4.A.3.1 Loads-
-Checking the member for the following combination of loads:
For load case 1.5 [DL+OL+WL_0DEG], for member no. 502 in STAAD file
Case 1: F
x
= -530 kN -maxm. axial tension
M
z
= 50 kN-m -moment
For load case 1.2 [DL+OL+LL+WL_135DEG], for member no. 202 in STAAD file
Case 2: F
x
= 505 kN -maxm. axial compression
M
z
= 45 kN-m -moment
V
max
= F
y,max
= 48 kN -maxm. shear force
4.A.3.2 Sectional properties & end conditions-
Section: 300 NB 6.3 THK. TATA STRUCTURA
Properties:
Outer diameter of pipe = 323.9 mm
Thickness = 6.3 mm
Inner diameter of pipe = 311.3 mm
A = 6286 mm
2
-c/s area
Self-wt. = 49.34 kg/m
I
xx
= I
yy
= 79288969
mm
4
-second moment of area
I
t
= 1.59E+08
mm
4
-torsional const.
z
p
= (d
o
3
- d
i
3
)/6 -plastic section modulus
= 635562.8 mm
3
z
e
= 489589
mm
3
-elastic section modulus
r
min
= 112.3 mm -radius of gyration
f
y
= 310 MPa -grade of steel
f
u
= 450 MPa
Structural restrain:
-member is retrained by bottom chord at one end and by column at other
-assuming k=1 (pinned at both ends) conservatively for bending as well as compression
kL = L
LT
= 800 mm
4.A.3.3 Shear capacity:
V
d
= A
v
f
yw
/3
m0
[As per Sec. 8.4 of IS 800- 2007]
A
v
= 2A/ -shear area
= 4002 mm
2
.'. V
d
= 651.1 kN -design shear strength
0.6V
d
= 390.7 kN
V
max
= 48.0
0.6V
d
> V
max
OK
4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.A.3.4 Moment capacity:
-Closed hollow sections are not subjected to warping, hence treating it as laterally supported

b
= z
e
/z
p
As section is semi-compact
= 0.770 [Table 2, IS 800- 2007]
M
d
=
b
z
p
f
y
/
mo
=
137.98 kN-m
M
z,max
= 50.00 kN-m
M
d
> M
z,max
OK
4.A.3.5 Tensile strength:
-considering yeilding of gross section
T
d
= A
g
f
y
/
mo
= 1771.5 kN -design tensile strength
T
max
= 530 kN -maxm. axial tension
T
d
> T
max
OK
4.A.3.6 Compressive strength:
kL/r
min
= 7.12 mm
Buckling class = a
f
c
= 281.8 MPa
P
d
= 1771.5 kN -design compressive strength
P
max
= 505.0 kN -maxm. axial compression
P
d
> P
max
OK
COMBINED CHECKS:
4.A.3.7 Section strength [As per Sec. 9.3.1 of IS 800- 2007]
M
ndz
= 1.04 M
d
(1-n
1.7
)
n
= N/N
d
.'. n = 0.30 -for tensile force
= 0.29 -for compressive force
.'. M
ndz
= 125.0 kN -for tensile force
= 126.5 kN -for compressive force
M
y
= 0 -no moment about other axis

1
=
2
= 2
For axial tension-
(M
z
/M
ndz
)
2
= 0.160
< 1.0 OK
For axial compression-
(M
z
/M
ndz
)
2
= 0.127
< 1.0 OK
[Table 9(a) of IS 800- 2007]
N- applied axial force
N
d
- design strength in tension due to yeilding
[Table 17, IS 800- 2007]
(for circular tubes)
[As per Cl. 8.2.1.2 of IS 800- 2007]
('.' 0.6V
d
> V)
-maxm. moment subjected onto member
[As per Cl. 6.2 of IS 800- 2007]
[For hollow sections as per Table-
10, IS 800- 2007]

H

H
nd
u
1
+
H
z
H
ndz
u
2
1.0
4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.A.3.8 Overall member strength-
A) Bending +Axial tension [As per Sec. 9.3.2.1, IS 800- 2007]
M
eff
= [M-TZ
ec
/A] M
d
= 1 -T & M cannot vary independently
M
eff
= 49.96 kN-m
M
d
> M
eff
OK
B) Bending +Axial compression [As per Sec. 9.3.2.2, IS 800- 2007]
K
y
= 1+(
y
-0.2)n
y
1 + 0.8n
y
K
z
= 1+(
z
-0.2)n
z
1 + 0.8n
z
K
LT
=
f
cc
= 38903.8 MPa
.'.
y
=
z
= 0.09
n
y
= n
z
= P/P
d
= 0.285
f
cr,b
= 10000 MPa

LT
= 0.25
C
mLT
= 0.71
C
my
= C
mz
= 0.71
K
y
= K
z
= 1.0
K
LT
= 0.98
= 0.61 OK
= 0.51 OK
'.' circular sections don't warp, critical stress
would be maximum
[Table 18, IS 800- 2007]
(M
2
/M
1
=0.26)
P
P
d
+ K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
L1
H
z
H
dz
1.0
P
P
dz
+0.6K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
z
C
mz
H
z
H
dz
1.0
1
0.1
L1
n

C
mL1
0.25
1
0.1n

C
mL1
0.25

z
=

cc

cc
=
n
2
E
kI
r
2

L1
=

c,b
P
P
d
+ K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
L1
H
z
H
dz
P
P
dz
+0.6K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
z
C
mz
H
z
H
dz

4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.A.3.9 Knee Brace connection-
Weld between knee brace (CHS) & guesset plate
Loads transferred:
Case 1: F
x
= -530 kN -maxm. axial tension
M
z
= 50 kN-m -moment
Case 2: F
x
= 505 kN -maxm. axial compression
M
z
= 45 kN-m -moment
V
max
= F
y,max
= 48 kN -maxm. shear force
Grade of weld = Fe 540
f
u
= 540 MPa
f
y
= 410 MPa
-Using complete penetration butt weld for the joint
Weld thickness = 6 mm
t
e
= 6.00 mm

mw
= 1.25 -for shop fabrications
Weld capacity, f
wd
= MPa f
u
-strength of weaker member
= 207.8 MPa
L
w
= 1017.6 mm
Stresses on weld:
f
a1 =
P/(L
w
x t
e
) -normal stress due to axial force
= 86.8 MPa
f
a2
= M/Z -normal stress due to bending
Z = 489589 mm
3
-section modulus of weld
.'. f
a2
= 102.1 MPa
f
a
= f
a1
+ f
a2
-total stress on the weld
= 188.9 MPa
f
a
< f
wd
OK
-effective throat thickness of weld
-welding around whole circumference

u
3 y
mw
4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.A.4 Connectors
-Connectors are assigned propety 'Truss' in STAAD file and hence they carry only axial loads
4.A.4.1 Loads-
-Checking the member for the following combination of loads:
For load case 1.5 [DL+OL+WL_0DEG], for member no. 304 in STAAD file
Case 1: F
x
= -210 kN -maxm. axial tension
For load case 1.5 [DL+OL+WL_0DEG], for member no. 305 in STAAD file
Case 2: F
x
= 195 kN -maxm. axial compression
V
max
= F
y,max
= 0.6 kN -maxm. shear force
4.A.4.2 Sectional properties & end conditions-
Section: 100 NB 3.6 THK. TATA STRUCTURA
Properties:
Outer diameter of pipe = 114.3 mm
Thickness = 3.6 mm
Inner diameter of pipe = 107.1 mm
A = 1252 mm
2
-c/s area
Self-wt. = 9.83 kg/m
I
xx
= I
yy
= 1919837
mm
4
-second moment of area
I
t
= 3839674
mm
4
-torsional const.
z
p
= (d
o
3
- d
i
3
)/6 -plastic section modulus
= 44131.72 mm
3
z
e
= 33593
mm
3
-elastic section modulus
r
min
= 39.2 mm -radius of gyration
f
y
= 310 MPa -grade of steel
f
u
= 450 MPa
Structural restrain:
-k=1 (pinned at both ends) as truss property is assigned
Length of each connector = 2100 mm
kL = L
LT
= 2100 mm
4.A.4.3 Shear capacity:
V
d
= A
v
f
yw
/3
m0
[As per Sec. 8.4 of IS 800- 2007]
A
v
= 2A/ -shear area
= 797 mm
2
.'. V
d
= 129.7 kN -design shear strength
0.6V
d
= 77.8 kN
0.6V
d
> V
max
OK
4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.A.4.4 Tensile strength:
-considering yeilding of gross section
T
d
= A
g
f
y
/
mo
= 352.8 kN -design tensile strength
T
max
= 210 kN -maxm. axial tension
T
d
> T
max
OK
4.A.4.5 Compressive strength:
kL/r
min
= 53.63 mm
Buckling class = a
f
c
= 242.01 MPa
P
d
= 303.0 kN -design compressive strength
P
max
= 195.0 kN -maxm. axial compression
P
d
> P
max
OK
4.A.4.6 Connection between connectors & top-bottom chords:
F
x
= 210 kN
Grade of weld = Fe 540
f
u
= 540 MPa
f
y
= 410 MPa
-Using complete penetration butt weld for the joint
Weld thickness = 3 mm
t
t
= 3.00 mm

mw
= 1.25 -for shop fabrications
Weld capacity = N/mm
= 623.5 N/mm
Weld length reqd. = 336.8 mm
Provided weld length = 359.1 mm OK
4.A.5 Deflection of beam:

max
=
119 mm

allow
=
span/150 -allowable deflection
[Table 6, IS 800- 2007]
span = 18000 mm -span of beam
.'.
allow
=
120 mm

max
<
allow OK
-maximum deflection in the beam
-effective throat thickness of weld
-providing weld around the whole
circumference of the tube
[Table 9(a) of IS 800- 2007]
[As per Cl. 6.2 of IS 800- 2007]
[For hollow sections as per Table-
10, IS 800- 2007]
-maxm. axial force to be transmitted

4.0 Cantilever Beam

B. End frame
4.B.1 Top chord
4.B.1.1 Loads-
-Checking the member for the following combination of loads:
For load case 1.2 [DL+OL+LL+WL_135DEG], for member no. 101 in STAAD file
Case 1: F
x
= -300 kN -maxm. axial tension
M
z
= 1.5 kN-m -moment
For load case 1.5 [DL+OL+WL_0DEG], for member no. 101 in STAAD file
Case 2: F
x
= 280 kN -maxm. axial compression
M
z
= 1.5 kN-m -moment
V
max
= F
y,max
= 1.5 kN -maxm. shear force
4.B.1.2 Sectional properties & end conditions-
Section: 125 NB 4.5 THK. TATA STRUCTURA
Properties:
Outer diameter of pipe = 139.7 mm
Thickness = 4.5 mm
Inner diameter of pipe = 130.7 mm
A = 1911 mm
2
-c/s area
Self-wt. = 15.00 kg/m
I
xx
= I
yy
= 4372032
mm
4
-second moment of area
I
t
= 8744064
mm
4
-torsional const.
z
p
= (d
o
3
- d
i
3
)/6 -plastic section modulus
= 82286.05 mm
3
z
e
= 62592
mm
3
-elastic section modulus
r
min
= 47.8 mm -radius of gyration
f
y
= 310 MPa -grade of steel
f
u
= 450 MPa
Structural restrain:
-member is retrained by purlins on top and connectors on bottom at every 1.2m
-assuming k=1 (pinned at both ends) conservatively for bending as well as compression
kL = L
LT
= 1200 mm
4.B.1.3 Shear capacity:
V
d
= A
v
f
yw
/3
m0
[As per Sec. 8.4 of IS 800- 2007]
A
v
= 2A/ -shear area
= 1217 mm
2
.'. V
d
= 198.0 kN -design shear strength
0.6V
d
= 118.8 kN
0.6V
d
> V
max
OK
4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.B.1.4 Moment capacity:
-Closed hollow sections are not subjected to warping, hence treating it as laterally supported
M
d
=
b
z
p
f
y
/
mo
=
23.19 kN-m
M
z,max
= 1.50 kN-m
M
d
> M
z,max
OK
4.B.1.5 Tensile strength:
-considering yeilding of gross section
T
d
= A
g
f
y
/
mo
= 538.7 kN -design tensile strength
T
max
= 300 kN -maxm. axial tension
T
d
> T
max
OK
4.B.1.6 Compressive strength:
kL/r
min
= 25.09 mm
Buckling class = a
f
c
= 274.43 MPa
P
d
= 524.5 kN -design compressive strength
P
max
= 280.0 kN -maxm. axial compression
P
d
> P
max
OK
COMBINED CHECKS:
4.B.1.7 Section strength [As per Sec. 9.3.1 of IS 800- 2007]
M
ndz
= 1.04 M
d
(1-n
1.7
)
n
= N/N
d
.'. n = 0.56 -for tensile force
= 0.52 -for compressive force
.'. M
ndz
= 15.2 kN -for tensile force
= 16.2 kN -for compressive force
M
y
= 0 -no moment about other axis

1
=
2
= 2
For axial tension-
(M
z
/M
ndz
)
2
= 0.010
< 1.0 OK
For axial compression-
(M
z
/M
ndz
)
2
= 0.009
< 1.0 OK
[As per Cl. 8.2.1.2 of IS 800- 2007]
('.' 0.6V
d
> V)
-maxm. moment subjected onto member
[As per Cl. 6.2 of IS 800- 2007]
[For hollow sections as per Table-
10, IS 800- 2007]
[Table 9(a) of IS 800- 2007]
N- applied axial force
N
d
- design strength in tension due to yeilding
[Table 17, IS 800- 2007]
(for circular tubes)

H

H
nd
u
1
+
H
z
H
ndz
u
2
1.0
4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.B.1.8 Overall member strength-
A) Bending +Axial tension [As per Sec. 9.3.2.1, IS 800- 2007]
M
eff
= [M-TZ
ec
/A] M
d
= 1 -T & M cannot vary independently
M
eff
= 1.49 kN-m
M
d
> M
eff
OK
B) Bending +Axial compression [As per Sec. 9.3.2.2, IS 800- 2007]
K
y
= 1+(
y
-0.2)n
y
1 + 0.8n
y
K
z
= 1+(
z
-0.2)n
z
1 + 0.8n
z
K
LT
=
f
cc
= 3135.5 MPa
.'.
y
=
z
= 0.31
n
y
= n
z
= P/P
d
= 0.534
f
cr,b
= 10000 MPa

LT
= 0.18
C
mLT
= 0.6
C
my
= C
mz
= 0.6
K
y
= K
z
= 1.1
K
LT
= 0.97
= 0.60 OK
= 0.57 OK
'.' circular sections don't warp, critical stress
would be maximum
[Table 18, IS 800- 2007]
(M
2
/M
1
=0)
P
P
d
+ K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
L1
H
z
H
dz
1.0
P
P
dz
+0.6K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
z
C
mz
H
z
H
dz
1.0
1
0.1
L1
n

C
mL1
0.25
1
0.1n

C
mL1
0.25

z
=

cc

cc
=
n
2
E
kI
r
2

L1
=

c,b
P
P
d
+ K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
L1
H
z
H
dz
P
P
dz
+0.6K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
z
C
mz
H
z
H
dz

4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.B.2 Bottom chord
4.B.2.1 Loads-
-Checking the member for the following combination of loads:
For load case 1.5 [DL+OL+WL_0DEG], for member no. 202 in STAAD file
Case 1: F
x
= -263 kN -maxm. axial tension
M
z
= 16 kN-m -moment
For load case 1.2 [DL+OL+LL+WL_135DEG], for member no. 202 in STAAD file
Case 2: F
x
= 282 kN -maxm. axial compression
M
z
= 17 kN-m -moment
V
max
= F
y,max
= 14 kN -maxm. shear force
4.B.2.2 Sectional properties & end conditions-
Section: 200 NB 4.8 THK. TATA STRUCTURA
Properties:
Outer diameter of pipe = 219.1 mm
Thickness = 4.8 mm
Inner diameter of pipe = 209.5 mm
A = 3232 mm
2
-c/s area
Self-wt. = 25.37 kg/m
I
xx
= I
yy
= 18560320
mm
4
-second moment of area
I
t
= 37120640
mm
4
-torsional const.
z
p
= (d
o
3
- d
i
3
)/6 -plastic section modulus
= 220474.4 mm
3
z
e
= 169423
mm
3
-elastic section modulus
r
min
= 75.8 mm -radius of gyration
f
y
= 310 MPa -grade of steel
f
u
= 450 MPa
Structural restrain:
-member is retrained by wind bracings at bottom and by connectors at top
-assuming k=1 (pinned at both ends) conservatively for bending as well as compression
kL = L
LT
= 4800 mm
4.B.2.3 Shear capacity:
V
d
= A
v
f
yw
/3
m0
[As per Sec. 8.4 of IS 800- 2007]
A
v
= 2A/ -shear area
= 2057 mm
2
.'. V
d
= 334.7 kN -design shear strength
0.6V
d
= 200.8 kN
0.6V
d
> V
max
OK
4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.B.2.4 Moment capacity:
-Closed hollow sections are not subjected to warping, hence treating it as laterally supported

b
= z
e
/z
p
As section is semi-compact
= 0.768 [Table 2, IS 800- 2007]
M
d
=
b
z
p
f
y
/
mo
=
47.75 kN-m
M
z,max
= 17.00 kN-m
M
d
> M
z,max
OK
4.B.2.5 Tensile strength:
-considering yeilding of gross section
T
d
= A
g
f
y
/
mo
= 910.7 kN -design tensile strength
T
max
= 263 kN -maxm. axial tension
T
d
> T
max
OK
4.B.2.6 Compressive strength:
kL/r
min
= 63.34 mm
Buckling class = a
f
c
= 224.66 MPa
P
d
= 726.0 kN -design compressive strength
P
max
= 282.0 kN -maxm. axial compression
P
d
> P
max
OK
COMBINED CHECKS:
4.B.2.7 Section strength [As per Sec. 9.3.1 of IS 800- 2007]
M
ndz
= 1.04 M
d
(1-n
1.7
)
n
= N/N
d
.'. n = 0.29 -for tensile force
= 0.31 -for compressive force
.'. M
ndz
= 43.6 kN -for tensile force
= 42.9 kN -for compressive force
M
y
= 0 -no moment about other axis

1
=
2
= 2
For axial tension-
(M
z
/M
ndz
)
2
= 0.134
< 1.0 OK
For axial compression-
(M
z
/M
ndz
)
2
= 0.157
< 1.0 OK
[As per Cl. 8.2.1.2 of IS 800- 2007]
('.' 0.6V
d
> V)
-maxm. moment subjected onto member
[As per Cl. 6.2 of IS 800- 2007]
[For hollow sections as per Table-
10, IS 800- 2007]
[Table 9(a) of IS 800- 2007]
N- applied axial force
N
d
- design strength in tension due to yeilding
[Table 17, IS 800- 2007]
(for circular tubes)

H

H
nd
u
1
+
H
z
H
ndz
u
2
1.0
4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.B.2.8 Overall member strength-
A) Bending +Axial tension [As per Sec. 9.3.2.1, IS 800- 2007]
M
eff
= [M-TZ
ec
/A] M
d
= 1 -T & M cannot vary independently
M
eff
= 15.99 kN-m
M
d
> M
eff
OK
B) Bending +Axial compression [As per Sec. 9.3.2.2, IS 800- 2007]
K
y
= 1+(
y
-0.2)n
y
1 + 0.8n
y
K
z
= 1+(
z
-0.2)n
z
1 + 0.8n
z
K
LT
=
f
cc
= 492.1 MPa
.'.
y
=
z
= 0.79
n
y
= n
z
= P/P
d
= 0.388
f
cr,b
= 10000 MPa

LT
= 0.18
C
mLT
= 0.6
C
my
= C
mz
= 0.6
K
y
= K
z
= 1.2
K
LT
= 0.98
= 0.74 OK
= 0.65 OK
[Table 18, IS 800- 2007]
(M
2
/M
1
=0)
'.' circular sections don't warp, critical stress
would be maximum
P
P
d
+ K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
L1
H
z
H
dz
1.0
P
P
dz
+0.6K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
z
C
mz
H
z
H
dz
1.0
1
0.1
L1
n

C
mL1
0.25
1
0.1n

C
mL1
0.25

z
=

cc

cc
=
n
2
E
kI
r
2

L1
=

c,b
P
P
d
+ K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
L1
H
z
H
dz
P
P
dz
+0.6K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
z
C
mz
H
z
H
dz

4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.B.3 Knee Brace
4.B.3.1 Loads-
-Checking the member for the following combination of loads:
For load case 1.5 [DL+OL+WL_0DEG], for member no. 502 in STAAD file
Case 1: F
x
= -155 kN -maxm. axial tension
M
z
= 11 kN-m -moment
For load case 1.2 [DL+OL+LL+WL_135DEG], for member no. 202 in STAAD file
Case 2: F
x
= 165 kN -maxm. axial compression
M
z
= 12 kN-m -moment
V
max
= F
y,max
= 16 kN -maxm. shear force
4.B.3.2 Sectional properties & end conditions-
Section: 250 NB 4.8 THK. TATA STRUCTURA
Properties:
Outer diameter of pipe = 273 mm
Thickness = 4.8 mm
Inner diameter of pipe = 263.4 mm
A = 4044 mm
2
-c/s area
Self-wt. = 31.75 kg/m
I
xx
= I
yy
= 36376133
mm
4
-second moment of area
I
t
= 72752266
mm
4
-torsional const.
z
p
= (d
o
3
- d
i
3
)/6 -plastic section modulus
= 345306.8 mm
3
z
e
= 266492
mm
3
-elastic section modulus
r
min
= 94.8 mm -radius of gyration
f
y
= 310 MPa -grade of steel
f
u
= 450 MPa
Structural restrain:
-member is retrained by bottom chord at one end and by column at other
-assuming k=1 (pinned at both ends) conservatively for bending as well as compression
kL = L
LT
= 800 mm
4.B.3.3 Shear capacity:
V
d
= A
v
f
yw
/3
m0
[As per Sec. 8.4 of IS 800- 2007]
A
v
= 2A/ -shear area
= 2575 mm
2
.'. V
d
= 418.9 kN -design shear strength
0.6V
d
= 251.4 kN
V
max
= 16.0
0.6V
d
> V
max
OK
4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.B.3.4 Moment capacity:
-Closed hollow sections are not subjected to warping, hence treating it as laterally supported

b
= z
e
/z
p
As section is semi-compact
= 0.772 [Table 2, IS 800- 2007]
M
d
=
b
z
p
f
y
/
mo
=
75.10 kN-m
M
z,max
= 12.00 kN-m
M
d
> M
z,max
OK
4.B.3.5 Tensile strength:
-considering yeilding of gross section
T
d
= A
g
f
y
/
mo
= 1139.8 kN -design tensile strength
T
max
= 155 kN -maxm. axial tension
T
d
> T
max
OK
4.B.3.6 Compressive strength:
kL/r
min
= 8.44 mm
Buckling class = a
f
c
= 281.8 MPa
P
d
= 1139.8 kN -design compressive strength
P
max
= 165.0 kN -maxm. axial compression
P
d
> P
max
OK
COMBINED CHECKS:
4.B.3.7 Section strength [As per Sec. 9.3.1 of IS 800- 2007]
M
ndz
= 1.04 M
d
(1-n
1.7
)
n
= N/N
d
.'. n = 0.14 -for tensile force
= 0.14 -for compressive force
.'. M
ndz
= 75.1 kN -for tensile force
= 75.1 kN -for compressive force
M
y
= 0 -no moment about other axis

1
=
2
= 2
For axial tension-
(M
z
/M
ndz
)
2
= 0.021
< 1.0 OK
For axial compression-
(M
z
/M
ndz
)
2
= 0.026
< 1.0 OK
[As per Cl. 8.2.1.2 of IS 800- 2007]
('.' 0.6V
d
> V)
-maxm. moment subjected onto member
[As per Cl. 6.2 of IS 800- 2007]
[For hollow sections as per Table-
10, IS 800- 2007]
[Table 9(a) of IS 800- 2007]
N- applied axial force
N
d
- design strength in tension due to yeilding
[Table 17, IS 800- 2007]
(for circular tubes)

H

H
nd
u
1
+
H
z
H
ndz
u
2
1.0
4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.B.3.8 Overall member strength-
A) Bending +Axial tension [As per Sec. 9.3.2.1, IS 800- 2007]
M
eff
= [M-TZ
ec
/A] M
d
= 1 -T & M cannot vary independently
M
eff
= 10.99 kN-m
M
d
> M
eff
OK
B) Bending +Axial compression [As per Sec. 9.3.2.2, IS 800- 2007]
K
y
= 1+(
y
-0.2)n
y
1 + 0.8n
y
K
z
= 1+(
z
-0.2)n
z
1 + 0.8n
z
K
LT
=
f
cc
= 27740.6 MPa
.'.
y
=
z
= 0.11
n
y
= n
z
= P/P
d
= 0.145
f
cr,b
= 10000 MPa

LT
= 0.25
C
mLT
= 0.71
C
my
= C
mz
= 0.71
K
y
= K
z
= 1.0
K
LT
= 0.99
= 0.30 OK
= 0.26 OK
'.' circular sections don't warp, critical stress
would be maximum
[Table 18, IS 800- 2007]
(M
2
/M
1
=0.26)
P
P
d
+ K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
L1
H
z
H
dz
1.0
P
P
dz
+0.6K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
z
C
mz
H
z
H
dz
1.0
1
0.1
L1
n

C
mL1
0.25
1
0.1n

C
mL1
0.25

z
=

cc

cc
=
n
2
E
kI
r
2

L1
=

c,b
P
P
d
+ K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
L1
H
z
H
dz
P
P
dz
+0.6K

C
m
H

H
d
+K
z
C
mz
H
z
H
dz

4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.B.3.9 Knee Brace connection-
Weld between knee brace (CHS) & guesset plate
Loads transferred:
Case 1: F
x
= -155 kN -maxm. axial tension
M
z
= 11 kN-m -moment
Case 2: F
x
= 165 kN -maxm. axial compression
M
z
= 12 kN-m -moment
V
max
= F
y,max
= 16 kN -maxm. shear force
Grade of weld = Fe 540
f
u
= 540 MPa
f
y
= 410 MPa
-Using complete penetration butt weld for the joint
Weld thickness = 4 mm
t
e
= 4.00 mm

mw
= 1.25 -for shop fabrications
Weld capacity, f
wd
= MPa
= 207.8 MPa
L
w
= 857.7 mm
Stresses on weld:
f
a1
= P/(L
w
x t
e
) -normal stress due to axial force
= 45.2 MPa
f
a2
= M/Z -normal stress due to bending
Z = 266492 mm
3
-section modulus of weld
.'. f
a2
= 41.3 MPa
f
a
= f
a1
+ f
a2
-total stress on the weld
= 86.5 MPa
f
a
< f
wd
OK
-effective throat thickness of weld
-welding around whole circumference

u
3 y
mw
4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.B.4 Connectors
-Connectors are assigned propety 'Truss' in STAAD file and hence they carry only axial loads
4.B.4.1 Loads-
-Checking the member for the following combination of loads:
For load case 1.2 [DL+OL+LL+WL_135DEG], for member no. 305 in STAAD file
Case 1: F
x
= -65 kN -maxm. axial tension
For load case 1.2 [DL+OL+LL+WL_135DEG], for member no. 304 in STAAD file
Case 2: F
x
= 65 kN -maxm. axial compression
V
max
= F
y,max
= 0.6 kN -maxm. shear force
4.B.4.2 Sectional properties & end conditions-
Section: 65 NB 3.2 THK. TATA STRUCTURA
Properties:
Outer diameter of pipe = 76.1 mm
Thickness = 3.2 mm
Inner diameter of pipe = 69.7 mm
A = 733 mm
2
-c/s area
Self-wt. = 5.75 kg/m
I
xx
= I
yy
= 487785
mm
4
-second moment of area
I
t
= 975570
mm
4
-torsional const.
z
p
= (d
o
3
- d
i
3
)/6 -plastic section modulus
= 17017.03 mm
3
z
e
= 12820
mm
3
-elastic section modulus
r
min
= 25.8 mm -radius of gyration
f
y
= 310 MPa -grade of steel
f
u
= 450 MPa
Structural restrain:
-k=1 (pinned at both ends) as truss property is assigned
Length of each connector = 2100 mm
kL = L
LT
= 2100 mm
4.B.4.3 Shear capacity:
V
d
= A
v
f
yw
/3
m0
[As per Sec. 8.4 of IS 800- 2007]
A
v
= 2A/ -shear area
= 467 mm
2
.'. V
d
= 75.9 kN -design shear strength
0.6V
d
= 45.5 kN
0.6V
d
> V
max
OK
4.0 Cantilever Beam
4.B.4.4 Tensile strength:
-considering yeilding of gross section
T
d
= A
g
f
y
/
mo
= 206.5 kN -design tensile strength
T
max
= 65 kN -maxm. axial tension
T
d
> T
max
OK
4.B.4.5 Compressive strength:
kL/r
min
= 81.40 mm
Buckling class = a
f
c
= 183.57 MPa
P
d
= 134.5 kN -design compressive strength
P
max
= 65.0 kN -maxm. axial compression
P
d
> P
max
OK
4.B.4.6 Connection between connectors & top-bottom chords:
F
x
= 65 kN
Grade of weld = Fe 540
f
u
= 540 MPa
f
y
= 410 MPa
-Using full penetration groove weld for the joint
Weld thickness = 4 mm
t
t
= 4.00 mm

mw
= 1.25 -for shop fabrications
Weld capacity = N/mm
= 831.4 N/mm
Weld length reqd. = 78.2 mm
Provided weld length = 239.1 mm OK
4.B.5 Deflection of beam:

max
=
85 mm

allow
=
span/150 -allowable deflection
[Table 6, IS 800- 2007]
span = 18000 mm -span of beam
.'.
allow
=
120 mm

max
<
allow OK
-maximum deflection in the beam
-effective throat thickness of weld
-providing weld around the whole
circumference of the tube
[As per Cl. 6.2 of IS 800- 2007]
[For hollow sections as per Table-
10, IS 800- 2007]
[Table 9(a) of IS 800- 2007]
-maxm. axial force to be transmitted

4.0 Cantilever Beam