Principle : A.C.

generators or alternators (as they are usually called) operate on the same fundamental principles of electromagnetic induction as D.C. generators. Alternating voltage may be generated by rotating a coil in the magnetic field or by rotating a magnetic field within a stationary coil. The value of the voltage generated depends onthe number of turns in the coil. strength of the field. the speed at which the coil or magnetic field rotates.

According to Faraday's Laws of Electromagnetic Induction, the e.m.f. induced in the coil is given by the rate of change of flux linkage of the coil

An electrical Generator is a machine which converts mechanical energy (or power) into electrical energy (or power). Principle : It is based on the principle of production of dynamically (or motionally) induced e.m.f (Electromotive Force). Whenever a conductor cuts magnetic flux, dynamically induced e.m.f. is produced in it according to Faraday's Laws of Electromagnetic Induction. This e.m.f. causes a current to flow if the conductor circuit is closed. Hence, the basic essential parts of an electric generator are :

A magnetic field and A conductor or conductors which can so move as to cut the flux.

Construction : A single-turn rectangular copper coil abcd moving about its own axis in a magnetic field provided by either permanent magnets or electromagnets. The two ends of the coil are joined to two split-rings which are insulated from each other and from the central shaft. Two collecting brushes (of carbon or copper) press against the slip rings. First Law : Whenever the magnetic flux linked with a circuit changes, an e.m.f. is always induced in it. or Whenever a conductor cuts magnetic flux, an e.m.f. is induced in that conductor. Second Law : The magnitude of the induced e.m.f. is equal to the rate of change of flux linkages.

How Does a Diesel Generator Work? Though a diesel generator is a single device that functionally converts diesel fuel into electricity, it is, in essence, two separate devices that work together in order to produce power. A diesel engine burns diesel fuel in order to produce motion for the generator, which converts the motion into electricity by using electromagnets. The two components (the engine and the electromagnetic generator) are connected by a crankshaft, facilitating the easy transfer of the motion produced by the diesel engine to the magnets of the generator assembly. Powering the Diesel Engine The small internal combustion engine of a diesel generator operates just like any other small

engine; though a number of fuels can be used to power similar engines, diesel is generally preferred for generators because of its ability to burn but not explode. The fuel tank of the diesel engine is filled, and the engine is started (sometimes with a key or automatic starter, though pullstart engines are quite common on diesel generators as well). A throttle and governor are used to keep the speed of the diesel engine under control in order to standardize the power output of the generator while also preventing damage to components that could be caused by the engine operating at too high of a speed. Producing Electricity As the diesel engine turns the crankshaft that connects to the generator, the central axle of the generator is spun within a chamber containing electromagnets. This high-speed motion causes an electric current to be produced, which is then available for use by any equipment that is plugged in to the diesel generator. The governor switch that helps to control the diesel engine's speed allows for increases in engine speed when the produced electricity is being used, leading to the engine revving up as needed in order to make sure that the amount of electricity provided by the diesel generator doesn't drop suddenly whenever plugged-in power tools or other electronic devices are in use. What is an electromagnet? An electromagnet is a magnet that runs on electricity. Unlike a permanent magnet, the strength of an electromagnet can easily be changed by changing the amount of electric current that flows through it. The poles of an electromagnet can even be reversed by reversing the flow of electricity.
An electromagnet is a type of magnet in which the magnetic field is produced by the flow of electric current

potenuse sides of a right triangle, respectively, the power factor ratio is also equal to the cosine of that phase angle. Using values from the last example circuit: