Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PRECIPITACIONES
AGUA
MONTE
CUENCA
HIDROGRFICA
EFECTOS
SOBRE
REAS
DOMINADAS
P (mm)
Precipitacin
I (mm)
Q (mm)
Escorrenta
Infiltracin
Prdidas
q (m3/s)
Caudal
Objetivo de control
Retener el transporte slido
Evitar la socavacin del lecho
Estabilizar los mrgenes
Evitar la inundacin de ciertas zonas
Laminar avenidas
Retener agua
Proteger infraestructuras
etc.
CLCULO
RESISTENTE
CLCULO
HIDROLGICO
CLCULO
HIDRULICO
MORFOLOGA
A
Tiempo de
concetracin
tc
HEC-HMS
Frmulas especficas
LITOFACIES
CLCULO DE
CAUDALES
S.I.G.
- Frmulas empricas
- Frmula Racional
- Hidrograma Unitario
Lluviaescorrenta
VEGETACIN
C
NC
- qp
- hidrograma
- Coeficiente de escorrenta
- Nmero de Curva
- Velocidad de infiltracin
CLIMA Y
PRECIPITACIONES
P24 horas
Bandas de
pluvigrafos
Probabilidad
Pmax 24 h.
PREC. AREAL
Precipitaciones
t < 24 h.
Diseo de la
tormenta
CLCULOS
HIDRULICOS
HEC-RAS
Informacin Meteorolgica
Bsicamente: Instituto Nacional de Meteorologa (I.N.M.)
Solicitud de informacin:
Toda la informacin registrada
Resmenes:
Diarios
Mensuales
Radar meteorolgico
CURVAS
INTENSIDAD-DURACIN
ANLISIS DE UN AGUACERO
Medida y registro de la precipitacin:
Por unidad de superficie (m2)
Cantidad (mm) en un intervalo de tiempo
(anual, mensual, diario, horas...)
Registro puntual
Observacin diaria: Pluvimetro
Registro continuo o en intervalos pequeos: Pluvigrafo
Desde el punto de vista torrencial, nos interesan
los valores mximos
P1
I1
P2
I2
P4
I4
P6
I6
P8
I8
P10
0. 10
0. 20
0. 25
0. 50
0. 35
0. 35
0. 15
0. 30
0. 40
0. 40
0. 45
0. 90
0. 60
0. 60
0. 95
0. 48
0. 10
0. 20
0. 55
0. 55
0. 95
0. 48
0. 05
0. 10
0. 15
0. 15
0. 75
0. 38
0. 15
0. 30
0. 20
0. 20
0. 75
0. 38
0. 20
0. 40
0. 35
0. 35
0. 50
0. 25
1. 45
0. 36
0. 08
0. 16
0. 28
0. 28
0. 48
0. 24
1. 43
0. 36
0. 07
0. 14
0. 15
0. 15
0. 50
0. 25
1. 25
0. 31
0. 00
0. 00
0. 07
0. 07
0. 35
0. 18
1. 10
0. 28
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 15
0. 08
0. 65
0. 16
1. 60
0. 27
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 07
0. 04
0. 55
0. 14
1. 50
0. 25
0. 05
0. 10
0. 05
0. 05
0. 05
0. 03
0. 55
0. 14
1. 30
0. 22
0. 00
0. 00
0. 05
0. 05
0. 05
0. 03
0. 40
0. 10
1. 15
0. 19
1. 35
2. 70
1. 35
1. 35
1. 40
0. 70
1. 55
0. 39
2. 05
0. 34
3. 00
0. 38
1. 60
3. 20
2. 95
2. 95
3. 00
1. 50
3. 07
0. 77
3. 55
0. 59
4. 50
0. 56
1. 90
3. 80
3. 50
3. 50
4. 85
2. 43
4. 90
1. 23
5. 40
0. 90
6. 15
0. 77
0. 70
1. 40
2. 60
2. 60
5. 55
2. 78
5. 60
1. 40
5. 95
0. 99
6. 70
0. 84
0. 17
0. 34
0. 87
0. 87
4. 37
2. 19
5. 77
1. 44
5. 92
0. 99
6. 42
0. 80
7. 37
0. 08
0. 16
0. 25
0. 25
2. 85
1. 43
5. 85
1. 46
5. 92
0. 99
6. 40
0. 80
7. 35
0. 05
0. 10
0. 13
0. 13
1. 00
0. 50
5. 85
1. 46
5. 90
0. 98
6. 40
0. 80
7. 15
0. 05
0. 10
0. 10
0. 10
0. 35
0. 18
5. 90
1. 48
5. 95
0. 99
6. 30
0. 79
7. 05
0. 03
0. 06
0. 08
0. 08
0. 21
0. 11
4. 58
1. 15
5. 98
1. 00
6. 13
0. 77
6. 63
0. 02
0. 04
0. 05
0. 05
0. 15
0. 08
3. 00
0. 75
6. 00
1. 00
6. 07
0. 76
6. 55
0. 00
0. 00
0. 02
0. 02
0. 10
0. 05
1. 10
0. 28
5. 95
0. 99
6. 00
0. 75
6. 50
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 05
0. 02
0. 40
0. 10
5. 95
0. 99
6. 00
0. 75
6. 35
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 02
0. 01
0. 23
0. 06
4. 60
0. 77
6. 00
0. 75
6. 15
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 15
0. 04
3. 00
0. 50
6. 00
0. 75
6. 07
0. 05
0. 10
0. 05
0. 05
0. 05
0. 03
0. 15
0. 04
1. 15
0. 19
6. 00
0. 75
6. 05
0. 55
1. 10
0. 60
0. 60
0. 60
0. 30
0. 65
0. 16
1. 00
0. 17
6. 55
0. 82
6. 60
0. 15
0. 30
0. 70
0. 70
0. 75
0. 38
0. 77
0. 19
0. 98
0. 16
5. 35
0. 67
6. 75
0. 05
0. 10
0. 20
0. 20
0. 80
0. 40
0. 80
0. 20
0. 95
0. 16
3. 80
0. 48
6. 80
0. 25
0. 50
0. 30
0. 30
1. 00
0. 50
1. 05
0. 26
1. 15
0. 19
2. 15
0. 27
7. 00
0. 45
0. 90
0. 70
0. 70
0. 90
0. 45
1. 50
0. 38
1. 55
0. 26
1. 90
0. 24
7. 45
0. 10
0. 20
0. 55
0. 55
0. 85
0. 43
1. 60
0. 40
1. 62
0. 27
1. 83
0. 23
6. 20
0. 00
0. 00
0. 10
0. 10
0. 80
0. 40
1. 60
0. 40
1. 60
0. 27
1. 75
0. 22
4. 60
--------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------1. 90
3. 50
5. 55
5. 90
6. 00
6. 70
7. 45
3. 80
3. 50
2. 78
1. 48
1. 00
0. 84
hora
0:00
22:30
21:00
19:30
18:00
16:30
15:00
13:30
12:00
10:30
9:00
7:30
6:00
precipitacin (mm)
Aguacero 27/10/92
2.00
1.80
1.60
1.40
1.20
1.00
0.80
0.60
0.40
0.20
0.00
P1
I1
P2
I2
P4
I4
P6
I6
P8
I8
P10
0. 10
0. 20
0. 25
0. 50
0. 35
0. 35
0. 15
0. 30
0. 40
0. 40
0. 45
0. 90
0. 60
0. 60
0. 95
0. 48
0. 10
0. 20
0. 55
0. 55
0. 95
0. 48
0. 05
0. 10
0. 15
0. 15
0. 75
0. 38
0. 15
0. 30
0. 20
0. 20
0. 75
0. 38
0. 20
0. 40
0. 35
0. 35
0. 50
0. 25
1. 45
0. 36
0. 08
0. 16
0. 28
0. 28
0. 48
0. 24
1. 43
0. 36
0. 07
0. 14
0. 15
0. 15
0. 50
0. 25
1. 25
0. 31
0. 00
0. 00
0. 07
0. 07
0. 35
0. 18
1. 10
0. 28
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 15
0. 08
0. 65
0. 16
1. 60
0. 27
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 07
0. 04
0. 55
0. 14
1. 50
0. 25
0. 05
0. 10
0. 05
0. 05
0. 05
0. 03
0. 55
0. 14
1. 30
0. 22
0. 00
0. 00
0. 05
0. 05
0. 05
0. 03
0. 40
0. 10
1. 15
0. 19
1. 35
2. 70
1. 35
1. 35
1. 40
0. 70
1. 55
0. 39
2. 05
0. 34
3. 00
0. 38
1. 60
3. 20
2. 95
2. 95
3. 00
1. 50
3. 07
0. 77
3. 55
0. 59
4. 50
0. 56
1. 90
3. 80
3. 50
3. 50
4. 85
2. 43
4. 90
1. 23
5. 40
0. 90
6. 15
0. 77
0. 70
1. 40
2. 60
2. 60
5. 55
2. 78
5. 60
1. 40
5. 95
0. 99
6. 70
0. 84
0. 17
0. 34
0. 87
0. 87
4. 37
2. 19
5. 77
1. 44
5. 92
0. 99
6. 42
0. 80
7. 37
0. 08
0. 16
0. 25
0. 25
2. 85
1. 43
5. 85
1. 46
5. 92
0. 99
6. 40
0. 80
7. 35
0. 05
0. 10
0. 13
0. 13
1. 00
0. 50
5. 85
1. 46
5. 90
0. 98
6. 40
0. 80
7. 15
0. 05
0. 10
0. 10
0. 10
0. 35
0. 18
5. 90
1. 48
5. 95
0. 99
6. 30
0. 79
7. 05
0. 03
0. 06
0. 08
0. 08
0. 21
0. 11
4. 58
1. 15
5. 98
1. 00
6. 13
0. 77
6. 63
0. 02
0. 04
0. 05
0. 05
0. 15
0. 08
3. 00
0. 75
6. 00
1. 00
6. 07
0. 76
6. 55
0. 00
0. 00
0. 02
0. 02
0. 10
0. 05
1. 10
0. 28
5. 95
0. 99
6. 00
0. 75
6. 50
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 05
0. 02
0. 40
0. 10
5. 95
0. 99
6. 00
0. 75
6. 35
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 02
0. 01
0. 23
0. 06
4. 60
0. 77
6. 00
0. 75
6. 15
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 15
0. 04
3. 00
0. 50
6. 00
0. 75
6. 07
0. 05
0. 10
0. 05
0. 05
0. 05
0. 03
0. 15
0. 04
1. 15
0. 19
6. 00
0. 75
6. 05
0. 55
1. 10
0. 60
0. 60
0. 60
0. 30
0. 65
0. 16
1. 00
0. 17
6. 55
0. 82
6. 60
0. 15
0. 30
0. 70
0. 70
0. 75
0. 38
0. 77
0. 19
0. 98
0. 16
5. 35
0. 67
6. 75
0. 05
0. 10
0. 20
0. 20
0. 80
0. 40
0. 80
0. 20
0. 95
0. 16
3. 80
0. 48
6. 80
0. 25
0. 50
0. 30
0. 30
1. 00
0. 50
1. 05
0. 26
1. 15
0. 19
2. 15
0. 27
7. 00
0. 45
0. 90
0. 70
0. 70
0. 90
0. 45
1. 50
0. 38
1. 55
0. 26
1. 90
0. 24
7. 45
0. 10
0. 20
0. 55
0. 55
0. 85
0. 43
1. 60
0. 40
1. 62
0. 27
1. 83
0. 23
6. 20
0. 00
0. 00
0. 10
0. 10
0. 80
0. 40
1. 60
0. 40
1. 60
0. 27
1. 75
0. 22
4. 60
--------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------1. 90
3. 50
5. 55
5. 90
6. 00
6. 70
7. 45
3. 80
3. 50
2. 78
1. 48
1. 00
0. 84
mm o mm/h
14
12
P-1
10
I-1
8
6
4
2
0
0
10
12
14
16
18
P1
I1
P2
I2
P4
I4
P6
I6
P8
I8
P10
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 30
0. 60
0. 30
0. 30
0. 30
0. 15
0. 30
0. 08
0. 60
1. 20
0. 90
0. 90
0. 90
0. 45
0. 90
0. 23
0. 90
0. 15
0. 40
0. 80
1. 00
1. 00
1. 30
0. 65
1. 30
0. 33
1. 30
0. 22
0. 70
1. 40
1. 10
1. 10
2. 00
1. 00
2. 00
0. 50
2. 00
0. 33
0. 50
1. 00
1. 20
1. 20
2. 20
1. 10
2. 50
0. 63
2. 50
0. 42
2. 10
4. 20
2. 60
2. 60
3. 70
1. 85
4. 60
1. 15
4. 60
0. 77
4. 60
0. 58
0. 15
0. 30
2. 25
2. 25
3. 45
1. 73
4. 75
1. 19
4. 75
0. 79
4. 75
0. 59
0. 00
0. 00
0. 15
0. 15
2. 75
1. 38
4. 75
1. 19
4. 75
0. 79
4. 75
0. 59
0. 05
0. 10
0. 05
0. 05
2. 30
1. 15
4. 50
1. 13
4. 80
0. 80
4. 80
0. 60
0. 40
0. 80
0. 45
0. 45
0. 60
0. 30
4. 30
1. 08
5. 20
0. 87
5. 20
0. 65
5. 20
2. 20
4. 40
2. 60
2. 60
2. 65
1. 33
6. 10
1. 53
7. 40
1. 23
7. 40
0. 93
7. 40
3. 00
6. 00
5. 20
5. 20
5. 65
2. 83
8. 40
2. 10
10. 40
1. 73
10. 40
1. 30
10. 40
6. 70
13. 40
9. 70
9. 70
12. 30
6. 15
14. 60
3. 65
16. 80
2. 80
17. 10
2. 14
17. 10
0. 40
0. 80
7. 10
7. 10
12. 30
6. 15
12. 90
3. 23
16. 60
2. 77
17. 50
2. 19
17. 50
0. 05
0. 10
0. 45
0. 45
10. 15
5. 08
12. 80
3. 20
16. 25
2. 71
17. 55
2. 19
17. 55
0. 05
0. 10
0. 10
0. 10
7. 20
3. 60
12. 85
3. 21
15. 60
2. 60
17. 60
2. 20
17. 60
0. 00
0. 00
0. 05
0. 05
0. 50
0. 25
12. 80
3. 20
15. 10
2. 52
17. 30
2. 16
17. 60
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 10
0. 05
12. 40
3. 10
13. 00
2. 17
16. 70
2. 09
17. 60
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 05
0. 03
10. 20
2. 55
12. 85
2. 14
16. 30
2. 04
17. 60
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
7. 20
1. 80
12. 85
2. 14
15. 60
1. 95
17. 60
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 50
0. 13
12. 80
2. 13
15. 10
1. 89
17. 30
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 10
0. 02
12. 40
2. 07
13. 00
1. 63
16. 70
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 05
0. 01
10. 20
1. 70
12. 85
1. 61
16. 30
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
7. 20
1. 20
12. 85
1. 61
15. 60
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 50
0. 08
12. 80
1. 60
15. 10
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 10
0. 02
12. 40
1. 55
13. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 05
0. 01
10. 20
1. 28
12. 85
--------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------6. 70
9. 70
12. 30
14. 60
16. 80
17. 60
17. 60
13. 40
9. 70
6. 15
3. 65
2. 80
2. 20
mm o mm/h
14
12
P-2
10
I-2
8
6
4
2
0
0
10
12
14
16
18
P1
I1
P2
I2
P4
I4
P6
I6
P8
I8
P10
0. 15
0. 30
0. 15
0. 30
0. 30
0. 30
0. 45
0. 90
0. 60
0. 60
0. 25
0. 50
0. 70
0. 70
1. 00
0. 50
0. 70
1. 40
0. 95
0. 95
1. 55
0. 77
0. 70
1. 40
1. 40
1. 40
2. 10
1. 05
0. 25
0. 50
0. 95
0. 95
1. 90
0. 95
1. 65
3. 30
1. 90
1. 90
3. 30
1. 65
4. 30
1. 08
1. 65
3. 30
3. 30
3. 30
4. 25
2. 13
5. 80
1. 45
0. 08
0. 16
1. 73
1. 73
3. 63
1. 82
5. 73
1. 43
0. 07
0. 14
0. 15
0. 15
3. 45
1. 73
5. 35
1. 34
0. 05
0. 10
0. 12
0. 12
1. 85
0. 93
5. 15
1. 29
6. 15
1. 03
0. 15
0. 30
0. 20
0. 20
0. 35
0. 18
4. 60
1. 15
6. 15
1. 03
0. 40
0. 80
0. 55
0. 55
0. 67
0. 34
4. 30
1. 08
6. 40
1. 07
0. 45
0. 90
0. 85
0. 85
1. 05
0. 53
4. 50
1. 13
6. 40
1. 07
0. 15
0. 30
0. 60
0. 60
1. 15
0. 58
3. 00
0. 75
6. 30
1. 05
7. 30
0. 91
0. 10
0. 20
0. 25
0. 25
1. 10
0. 55
1. 45
0. 36
5. 70
0. 95
7. 25
0. 91
0. 00
0. 00
0. 10
0. 10
0. 70
0. 35
1. 37
0. 34
5. 00
0. 83
7. 10
0. 89
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 25
0. 13
1. 30
0. 33
4. 75
0. 79
6. 65
0. 83
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 10
0. 05
1. 25
0. 31
3. 10
0. 52
6. 40
0. 80
7. 40
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
1. 10
0. 28
1. 45
0. 24
5. 70
0. 71
7. 25
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 70
0. 18
1. 37
0. 23
5. 00
0. 63
7. 10
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 25
0. 06
1. 30
0. 22
4. 75
0. 59
6. 65
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 10
0. 02
1. 25
0. 21
3. 10
0. 39
6. 40
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
1. 10
0. 18
1. 45
0. 18
5. 70
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 70
0. 12
1. 37
0. 17
5. 00
0. 50
1. 00
0. 50
0. 50
0. 50
0. 25
0. 50
0. 13
0. 75
0. 13
1. 80
0. 23
5. 25
1. 00
2. 00
1. 50
1. 50
1. 50
0. 75
1. 50
0. 38
1. 60
0. 27
2. 75
0. 34
4. 60
1. 10
2. 20
2. 10
2. 10
2. 60
1. 30
2. 60
0. 65
2. 60
0. 43
3. 70
0. 46
4. 05
2. 00
4. 00
3. 10
3. 10
4. 60
2. 30
4. 60
1. 15
4. 60
0. 77
5. 30
0. 66
5. 97
0. 60
1. 20
2. 60
2. 60
4. 70
2. 35
5. 20
1. 30
5. 20
0. 87
5. 45
0. 68
6. 50
0. 45
0. 90
1. 05
1. 05
4. 15
2. 08
5. 65
1. 41
5. 65
0. 94
5. 75
0. 72
6. 90
0. 15
0. 30
0. 60
0. 60
3. 20
1. 60
5. 80
1. 45
5. 80
0. 97
5. 80
0. 73
6. 90
0. 10
0. 20
0. 25
0. 25
1. 30
0. 65
5. 90
1. 48
5. 90
0. 98
5. 90
0. 74
6. 60
0. 20
0. 40
0. 30
0. 30
0. 90
0. 45
5. 60
1. 40
6. 10
1. 02
6. 10
0. 76
6. 35
0. 30
0. 60
0. 50
0. 50
0. 75
0. 38
4. 90
1. 23
6. 40
1. 07
6. 40
0. 80
6. 50
0. 25
0. 50
0. 55
0. 55
0. 85
0. 43
4. 05
1. 01
6. 65
1. 11
6. 65
0. 83
6. 65
0. 25
0. 50
0. 50
0. 50
1. 00
0. 50
2. 30
0. 58
6. 90
1. 15
6. 90
0. 86
6. 90
0. 50
1. 00
0. 75
0. 75
1. 30
0. 65
2. 20
0. 55
6. 90
1. 15
7. 40
0. 93
7. 40
1. 80
3. 60
2. 30
2. 30
2. 80
1. 40
3. 55
0. 89
7. 70
1. 28
9. 20
1. 15
9. 20
0. 20
0. 40
2. 00
2. 00
2. 75
1. 38
3. 60
0. 90
6. 80
1. 13
9. 40
1. 18
9. 40
0. 10
0. 20
0. 30
0. 30
2. 60
1. 30
3. 60
0. 90
4. 90
0. 82
9. 50
1. 19
9. 50
0. 00
0. 00
0. 10
0. 10
2. 10
1. 05
3. 40
0. 85
4. 30
0. 72
9. 00
1. 13
9. 50
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 30
0. 15
3. 10
0. 77
3. 85
0. 64
8. 00
1. 00
9. 50
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 10
0. 05
2. 85
0. 71
3. 70
0. 62
6. 90
0. 86
9. 50
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
0. 00
2. 60
0. 65
3. 60
0. 60
4. 90
0. 61
9. 50
--------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------2. 00
3. 30
4. 70
5. 90
7. 70
9. 50
9. 50
4. 00
3. 30
2. 35
1. 48
1. 28
1. 19
mm o mm/h
14
12
P-3
10
I-3
8
6
4
2
0
0
10
12
14
16
18
mm o mm/h
16
14
P-3
12
I-3
P-2
10
I-2
P-1
I-1
4
2
0
0
10
12
14
16
18
I t I1
Id Id
28 0.1 t 0.1
28 0.1 1
10
10
11
Xt
T
X 24 I1
t
24 I d
28 0.1 t 0.1
28 0.1 1
9
8
10
Isolneas
I1/Id
It
K
Id
24 a t a
24 a 1
PRECIPITACIONES
MXIMAS
EN 24 HORAS
PERIODO DE RETORNO
Ao
Pmax.24 (mm)
----------------------------1951
68.2
1952
27.2
1953
59.3
1954
58.7
1955
63.7
1956
61.4
1957
43.8
1958
42.5
1959
66.3
1960
106.3
1961
38.3
1962
32.2
1963
49.7
1964
27.3
1965
27.3
1966
67.4
Ao
Pmax.24 (mm)
--------------------------1967
56.2
1968
53.6
1969
46.2
1970
29.0
1971
54.6
1972
82.0
1973
23.6
1974
37.5
1975
72.0
1976
36.0
1977
67.5
1978
89.0
1979
34.7
1980
92.5
1981
98.7
1982
75.0
(1)
Frmula de Weibull:
m
p(PPj) = ------n + 1
Perodo de retorno:
1
T = ------------1 - p(PPj)
(3)
0.5772
Xm = u + -------
S = ----6
1 23.
2 27.
3 27.
4 27.
5 29.
6 32.
7 34.
8 36.
9 37.
10 38.
11 42.
12 43.
13 46.
14 49.
15 53.
16 54.
17 56.
18 58.
19 59.
20 61.
21 63.
22 66.
23 67.
24 67.
25 68.
26 72.
27 75.
28 82.
29 89.
30 92.
31 98.
32 106.
--
6
2
3
3
0
2
7
0
5
3
5
8
2
7
6
6
2
7
3
4
7
3
4
5
2
0
0
0
0
5
7
3
P<Pi
0. 030
0. 061
0. 091
0. 121
0. 152
0. 182
0. 212
0. 242
0. 273
0. 303
0. 333
0. 364
0. 394
0. 424
0. 455
0. 485
0. 515
0. 545
0. 576
0. 606
0. 636
0. 667
0. 697
0. 727
0. 758
0. 788
0. 818
0. 848
0. 879
0. 909
0. 939
0. 970
P>Pi
0. 970
0. 939
0. 909
0. 879
0. 848
0. 818
0. 788
0. 758
0. 727
0. 697
0. 667
0. 636
0. 606
0. 576
0. 545
0. 515
0. 485
0. 455
0. 424
0. 394
0. 364
0. 333
0. 303
0. 273
0. 242
0. 212
0. 182
0. 152
0. 121
0. 091
0. 061
0. 030
T
1. 03
1. 06
1. 10
1. 14
1. 18
1. 22
1. 27
1. 32
1. 38
1. 43
1. 50
1. 57
1. 65
1. 74
1. 83
1. 94
2. 06
2. 20
2. 36
2. 54
2. 75
3. 00
3. 30
3. 67
4. 13
4. 71
5. 50
6. 60
8. 25
11. 00
16. 50
33. 00
GUMBEL
0. 025
0. 051
0. 051
0. 051
0. 068
0. 108
0. 145
0. 167
0. 194
0. 210
0. 294
0. 322
0. 373
0. 447
0. 527
0. 546
0. 577
0. 621
0. 632
0. 666
0. 701
0. 737
0. 751
0. 752
0. 761
0. 803
0. 832
0. 885
0. 922
0. 936
0. 955
0. 971
Dmax =
D
0. 0051
0. 0100
0. 0395
0. 0698
0. 0835
0. 0743
0. 0666
0. 0750
0. 0783
0. 0935
0. 0392
0. 0420
0. 0210
0. 0232
0. 0724
0. 0615
0. 0614
0. 0758
0. 0558
0. 0598
0. 0644
0. 0700
0. 0538
0. 0247
0. 0031
0. 0152
0. 0137
0. 0363
0. 0430
0. 0267
0. 0154
0. 0010
MUESTRA
- 1. 252
- 1. 031
- 0. 875
- 0. 747
- 0. 635
- 0. 533
- 0. 439
- 0. 349
- 0. 262
- 0. 177
- 0. 094
- 0. 012
0. 071
0. 154
0. 238
0. 323
0. 411
0. 501
0. 594
0. 692
0. 794
0. 903
1. 019
1. 144
1. 281
1. 434
1. 606
1. 806
2. 046
2. 351
2. 772
3. 481
GUMBEL
- 1. 303
- 1. 093
- 1. 088
- 1. 088
- 0. 989
- 0. 802
- 0. 656
- 0. 581
- 0. 493
- 0. 447
- 0. 202
- 0. 126
0. 014
0. 218
0. 445
0. 503
0. 597
0. 742
0. 777
0. 900
1. 034
1. 185
1. 249
1. 255
1. 296
1. 518
1. 692
2. 100
2. 508
2. 712
3. 074
3. 517
0. 0935
-LN(-LN(F(X)))
al f a = 0. 0582814
u =
45. 961958
AJUSTE GUMBEL
4.000
3.000
PROBABILIDAD
2.000
1.000
0.000
-1.000
-2.000
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
PRECIPITACION (mm)
MUESTRA
GUMBEL
100.0
120.0
T
aos
2
5
10
20
25
50
100
500
1000
F(X)
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
500
800
900
950
960
980
990
998
999
X
mm
52. 3
71. 7
84. 6
96. 9
100. 8
112. 9
124. 9
152. 6
164. 5
CURVAS ALTURA-DURACIN-FRECUENCIA
P-D-F o I-D-F
70
60
T10
50
T25
40
T50
30
T100
T500
20
1000
10
0
0
0.5
1.5
2.5
3.5
4.5
Aplicacin
informtica MAXIN
Ejemplo de
resultados
obtenidos por
internet
utilizando la
aplicacin
MAXIN
DISEO DE LA
PRECIPITACIN
Hietograma Tipo
0-1
1-2
2-3
3-4
4-5
5-6
0.15*d
0.17*d
0.19*d
P1
0.32*d
0.17*d
d = P6 - P1
(*)
3 - 3.5
P0.5
3.5 - 4
P1 - P0.5
(*) Si tc es inferior a 2.5 horas
Hietogram a
0.15d
0.17d
0.19d
horas
0.32d
0.17d
APPLIED HYDROLOGY
Ven Te Chow et al, 1988
Radar meteorolgico
Combinacin de los
distintos radares
existentes y la
informacin que
suministra el satlite
meteorolgico
Celda 4x4 Km
Imagen cada 30 min.*
MORFOLOGA
A
Tiempo de
concetracin
tc
HEC-HMS
Frmulas especficas
LITOFACIES
CLCULO DE
CAUDALES
S.I.G.
- Frmulas empricas
- Frmula Racional
- Hidrograma Unitario
Lluviaescorrenta
VEGETACIN
C
NC
- qp
- hidrograma
- Coeficiente de escorrenta
- Nmero de Curva
- Velocidad de infiltracin
CLIMA Y
PRECIPITACIONES
P24 horas
Bandas de
pluvigrafos
Probabilidad
Pmax 24 h.
PREC. AREAL
Precipitaciones
t < 24 h.
Diseo de la
tormenta
CLCULOS
HIDRULICOS
HEC-RAS
ESTIMACIN DE ESCORRENTA
SUPERFICIAL GENERADORA DE
CAUDALES DE AVENIDA
f
fo
Tipo de suelo
secos arenosos
secos limosos
secos arcillosos
hmedo arenosos
hmedo limosos
hmedo arcillosos
fmax (cm/h)
poca vegetacin
vegetacin densa
12.7
25.4
7.6
15.2
2.5
5.0
4.2
8.5
2.5
5.0
0.8
3.6
fmin
t
Clase de Suelo
A
B
C
D
fmin (cm/h)
1.143 - 0.762
0.762 - 0.381
0.381 - 0.127
0.127 - 0.000
mm/h
I (mm/h)
f
Escorrenta
Infiltracin
CLCULO DE LA
VELOCIDAD DE
INFILTRACIN
VOLUMEN DE
ESCORRENTA
VOLUMEN
INFILTRADO
mm
P (mm)
Dt
P (mm)
Dt
f
mm
Infiltracin constante F
Dt
t
f
mm
Infiltracin proporcional
(Coef. de escorrenta)
Dt
F P Po Q
Pe P Po
F Q
S Pe
P Po Q
Q
S
P Po
( P Po ) 2
Q
P Po S
Po 0.2 S
Q f (P)
( P 0.2 S )
Q
P 0.8 S
NC = 100
S=0
1000
S
10 (pulgadas)
NC
NC = 0
S=h
1000
NC
S 10
25400
1000
S
10 25.4
254
NC
NC
(mm)
ESCORRENTA (mm)
140
120
50
100
60
80
70
60
80
40
90
20
100
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
PRECIPITACIN (mm)
120
140
SUELO: A,B,C D
NC
VEGETACIN
Laboreo
---
---
77
86
91
94
Pobres
72
81
88
91
Buenas
67
78
85
89
Pobres
70
79
84
88
Buenas
65
75
82
86
C-T
Pobres
66
74
80
82
C-T
Buenas
62
71
78
81
Pobres
65
76
84
88
Buenas
63
75
83
87
Pobres
63
74
82
85
Buenas
61
73
81
84
C-T
Pobres
61
72
79
82
C-T
Buenas
59
70
78
81
Pobres
66
77
84
88
Buenas
58
72
81
85
Pobres
64
75
83
85
Buenas
55
69
78
83
C-T
Pobres
63
73
80
83
C-T
Buenas
51
67
76
80
---
Pobres
68
79
86
89
---
Regulares
49
69
79
84
Pastizales
---
Buenas
39
61
74
80
(pastos naturales)
Pobres
47
67
81
88
Regulares
25
59
75
83
Clase
Barbecho
Cultivos alineados
Cultivos no alineados o
con surcos pequeos o
mal definidos
Cultivos densos de
leguminosas o prados
en alternativa
Buenas
35
70
79
---
---
30
58
71
78
---
Pobres
45
66
77
83
---
Regulares
36
60
73
79
---
Buenas
25
55
70
77
---
Muy pobres
56
75
86
91
---
Pobres
46
68
78
84
---
Regulares
36
60
70
76
---
Buenas
26
52
63
69
---
Muy buenas
15
44
54
61
Caseros
---
---
59
74
82
86
Caminos en tierra
---
---
72
82
87
89
Caminos en firme
---
---
74
84
90
92
Prados permanentes
Montes con pastos
(ganadero-forestal)
Bosques
(forestal)
Condicin
I
II
III
4.2 NC ( II )
NC ( I )
10 0.058 NC ( II )
NC ( III )
23 NC ( II )
10 0.13 NC ( II )
100
90
80
NC(I) NC(III)
70
60
NC(I)
50
NC(II)
40
NC(III)
30
20
10
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
NC(II)
60
70
80
90 100
intervalo
1
P
P1
Pacum
P1
Qacum
Qacum1
Q
Q1
P2
P1+2
Qacum2
Q2
P3
P1+2+3
Qacum3
Q3
P4
P1+2+3+4
Qacum4
Q4
P5
P1+2+3+4+5
Qacum5=Q1+2+3+4+5
Q5=Qacum5-Qacum 4
P6
P1+2+3+4+5+6
Qacum6
Q6
P7
P1+2+3+4+5+6+7
Qacum7
Q7
Qacumi 0 ; Pacumi Po
( Pacumi 0.2 S ) 2
Qacumi
Pacumi 0.8 S
P,Q P
mm 1
Q1
P2
Q2
P6
P3
P4
Q4
Q3
Q6
P5
Q5
Dt
P7
Q7
Qi 0 ; Pacumi Po
( Pacumi 0.2 S ) 2
Qi
Qacumi 1
Pacumi 0.8 S
V1
D
V2
V3
NC1
NC2
NC3
NC4
NC5
NCmedio
NC6
NC8
NC7
ESTIMACIN
DE
CAUDALES
EXTRAORDINARIOS
0.87 L
tc
H
0.385
MTODOS DE CLCULO:
FRMULAS EMPRICAS
ISOCRONAS
FRMULA RACIONAL
HIDROGRAMA UNITARIO
MTODOS DISTRIBUIDOS
FRMULAS EMPRICAS
GARCA NJERA:
a p (42 0.525 A) A
qp
(1 A) (1 0.025 A) (0.5 A)
q p a p (12.21 A 5.74)
( A 0.4 Km 2 )
(0.4 A 2.5Km2 )
a p (42 0.525 A) A2
qp
(1 A) (1 0.025 A) (0.5 A)
( A 2.5Km 2 )
a, depende de la vegetacin
p, depende del relieve
ESTIMACIN
DE
ISOCRONAS
t=0
t = t3
t = t2
t = t1
t = tr
t = tr+t3
t = tr+t2
t = tr+t1
t = 20 min.
t = 40 min.
t = 60 min.
t = 80 min.
t = 100 min.
t = 120 min.
Area Efectiva
6000
Superficie (ha)
5000
4000
3000
Area Efectiva
2000
1000
0
0
50
100
Tiempo (min)
150
Clculo A. efectiva
Superficie (ha)
6000
5000
4000
incremento
3000
disminucin
2000
A.efectiva
1000
0
0
50
100
150
200
Tiempo (min)
min
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
incremento disminucin
0
0
1000
0
3500
0
5000
0
5000
1000
5000
3500
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
A.efectiva
0
1000
3500
5000
4000
1500
0
0
0
FRMULA RACIONAL
Escorrenta = CI
tr
I
Q
I
Q
I
Q
tc
tc
tr + tc
CI A
qp
3.6
tc
2tc
Coeficiente de escorrrenta C
Bosque
Pastos
Cultivo
Arenas Margas
Arcillas y margas
Arcillas impermeables
Llano
0.10
0.30
0.40
Ondulado
0.25
0.35
0.50
Accidentado
0.30
0.50
0.60
Llano
0.10
0.30
0.40
Ondulado
0.16
0.36
0.55
Accidentado
0.22
0.42
0.60
Llano
0.30
0.50
0.60
Ondulado
0.40
0.60
0.70
Accidentado
0.52
0.72
0.82
P24 Po P24 23 Po
C
2
P24 11 Po
CI A
qp K
3.6
K 1.2
P'o = Po k
K=1
k(Po)=1
K=1.2
k(Po)=1
K=1
k(Po)=3
K=1.2
k(Po)=3
k(Po)=3
Caudal
40
140
35
120
30
100
25
Sacum.
20
Sacum.
15
Km2
Caudal (m3/s)
Area (Km2)
Area efectiva
80
60
40
10
20
5
0
0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
tiempo (min)
20
40
60
80
tiempo (min)
100
120
k(Po)=3
Area efectiva
40
35
25
Sacum.
20
Sacum.
15
Km2
10
5
Caudal
0
0
50
100
150
200
70.00
tiempo (min)
60.00
Caudal (m3/s)
Area (Km2)
30
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
0
50
100
tiempo (min)
150
200
k(Po)=1
Area efectiva
Caudal
40
300
35
250
25
Sacum.
20
Sacum.
Km2
15
caudal (m3/s)
area (Km2)
30
200
150
100
10
50
5
0
0
0
20
40
60
tiempo (min)
80
100
20
40
60
tiempo (min)
80
100
H.U.
Area efectiva
40
35
25
Sacum.
20
Sacum.
15
Km2
10
5
0
0
50
100
150
tiempo (min)
12.00
10.00
caudal (m3/s)
Area (Km2)
30
8.00
6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00
0
50
100
tiempo (min)
150
K=1.2
k(Po)=2
k(Po)=2
Caudal
Area efectiva
180
140
160
120
area (Km2)
Sacum.
80
Sacum.
60
Km2
caudal (m3/s)
140
100
120
100
80
60
40
40
20
20
0
0
0
0
100
200
tiempo (min)
300
50
100
150
tiempo (min)
200
250
300
HIDROGRAMA UNITARIO
t ( h)
HU1
E1
0. 5
x
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
00
17
33
50
67
83
00
17
33
50
67
0.
0.
0.
3.
3.
1.
0.
0.
00
49
77
14
75
76
09
00
0.
0.
0.
1.
1.
0.
0.
0.
(Intervalos de 10 minutos)
00
24
38
57
88
88
05
00
HU2
E2
2
0.
0.
0.
3.
3.
1.
0.
0.
00
49
77
14
75
76
09
00
0.
0.
1.
6.
7.
3.
0.
0.
00
97
53
28
50
53
19
00
Q( t )
0.
0.
0.
1.
2.
2.
6.
7.
3.
0.
0.
00
24
38
57
85
42
33
50
53
19
00
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
00
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
00
20
40
60
80
00
20
40
60
80
00
50
00
Q/Qp
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
1,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
03
10
19
31
47
66
82
93
99
00
99
93
86
78
68
56
46
39
33
28
21
15
11
08
06
04
03
02
02
01
01
-
1,2
1
0,8
Q/Qp
t/tp
0,6
0,4
0,2
0
0
t/tp
A
tp
UNIDADES:
Tiempos, horas
A, Km2
q, m3/s
120.0
caudal (m3/s)
100.0
hu
i1
80.0
i2
60.0
i3
total
40.0
20.0
0.0
0.0
0.5 1.0
1.5 2.0
2.5 3.0
3.5 4.0
tiempo (horas)
4.5 5.0
5.5 6.0
caudal (m3/s)
250.0
hu
i1
i2
i3
i4
total
200.0
150.0
100.0
50.0
0.0
0.0 0.5 1.0
tiempo (horas)
HIDROGRAMA UNITARIO
Comparacin de HU (D=1h)
25
caudal (m3/s)
20
15
10
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
tiempo (horas)
HU(Q=1mm) de P=1mm
HU(Q=1mm) de P=50mm
HU(Q=1mm) de P=25mm
HU adimen. SCS
HUT TEMEZ
HU P=50/D=0.2 (400)
35
caudal (m3/s)
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0
tiempo (h)
hidrograma de entrada
hidrograma de salida
dS
I O
dt
S1 S 2 I1 I 2 O1 O1
t
2
2
Muskingum
O2 c1 I1 c2 I 2 c3 O1
c1
2 K X t
2 K (1 X ) t
c2
2 K X t
2 K (1 X ) t
c3
2 K (1 X ) t
2 K (1 X ) t
S K X I (1 X ) O
1. Clculo de a1.
t
2
2
a1
I1 I 2 O1 S1
2
2
t
S 2 H 2 O2 H 2
a1
t
2
S ( H ) SUPmax H
O( H ) Cv L H
S 2 a1 2 t
2
H2
S2
SUPmax
Clculo de caudales
Bsicamente podemos distinguir tres orientaciones de
clculo:
- Simulacin de valores extremos hipotticos
(recurrencias) para dimensionar las obras y comparar los
efectos de distintas actuaciones superficiales.
- Calibracin de parmetros y ajuste de modelos en
base a precipitaciones e hidrogramas conocidos.
- Simulacin en tiempo real para sistemas de alerta.
C1
C2
S1
C2
C1
T1
C3
S1
S2
T1
ST
C3
Sup.
4000
3000
1500
C1
C2
C3
T1
tc
1.2
1.0
0.8
K
0.5
NC
70
75
82
X
0.2
K
0.3
0.2
0.4
5
4
3
2
1
0
S2
ST
LS
3
5
1
Precipitacin:
60 mm
2 horas
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
C
0.05
0.10
0.30
n = 0.035
j=2%