Botany is the study of plants. Zoology is the study of animals. Anatomy is the study of internal structures of living things.

Biochemistry is the use of chemistry in the study of living things. Biological Earth Science is the use of earth sciences, such as geography in the study of living things. Biological Psychology is the use of biology in psychological studies. Biomathematics is the use of mathematics in the study of living things. Biophysics is the use of physics in the study of living things. Ecology is the study of the relationships of living things to each other and to their environment. Pathology is the study if diseases, generally in animals. Phytopathology is the study of diseases in plants. Physiology is the study of normal functions of living things. Taxonomy is the classification and naming of living things. Genetics is the science of heredity and the lifelong development of living things Embryology is the study of the formation and development of living things from fertilization to birth as independent organisms. Pharmacology is the study of the actions of chemicals on and in living things. Endocrinology is the study of hormones and their actions. Cytology is the study of cells. Histology is the study of tissues. Protozoology is the study of one celled organisms. Bacteriology is the study of bacteria. Virology is the study of viruses. Mammalogy is the study of mammals. Ornithology is the study of birds. Herpetology is the study of reptiles and amphibians, Ichthyology is the study of fishes. Entomology is the study of insects. Helminthology is the study of worms. Microbiology is the study of microorganisms. Mycology is the study of fungi. Phycology is the study of algae. Liehenology is the study of lichens. Paleontology is the study of fossils. Biogeography is the study of geographical distribution of living things. Phytogeography is the study of the land and its plants. Zoogeography is the study of the land and its animals.

Branches of Biology
Biology, the scientific study of life, includes several relevant branches. Below is a list of major branches of biology with a brief description for each. Agriculture - science and practice of producing crops and livestock from the naturalresources of the earth. Anatomy - study of the animal form, particularly human body Astrobiology - branch of biology concerned with the effects of outer space on livingorganisms and the search for extraterrestrial life. Biochemistry - the study of the structure and function of cellular components, such asproteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules, and of their functions and transformations during life processes Bioclimatology - a science concerned with the influence of climates on organisms, for instance the effects of climate on the development and distribution of plants, animals, and humans Bioengineering - or biological engineering, is a broad-based engineering discipline that deals with bio-molecular and molecular processes, product design, sustainability and analysis of biological systems. Biogeography - a science that attempts to describe the changing distributions and geographic patterns of living and fossil species of plants andanimals Bioinformatics - information technology as applied to the life sciences, especially the technology used for the collection, storage, and retrieval ofgenomic data Biomathematics - mathematical biology or biomathematics is an interdisciplinary field of academic study which aims at modelling natural, biological processes using mathematical techniques and tools. It has both practical and theoretical applications in biological research. Biophysics - or biological physics is an interdisciplinary science that applies the theories and methods of physical sciences to questions of biology Biotechnology - applied science that is concerned with biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use Botany - the scientific study of plants Cell biology - the study of cells at the microscopic or at the molecular level. It includes studying the cells physiological properties, structures,organelles, interactions with their environment, life cycle, division and apoptosis Chronobiology - a science that studies time-related phenomena in living organisms Conservation Biology - concerned with the studies and schemes of habitat preservation and species protection for the purpose of alleviatingextinction crisis and conserving biodiversity Cryobiology - the study of the effects of low temperatures on living organisms Developmental Biology - the study of the processes by which an organism develops from a zygote to its full structure Ecology - the scientific study of the relationships between plants, animals, and their environment Ethnobiology - a study of the past and present human interactions with the environment, for instance the use of diverse flora and fauna byindigenous societies Evolutionary Biology - a subfield concerned with the origin and descent of species, as well as their change over time, i.e. their evolution Freshwater Biology - a science concerned with the life and ecosystems of freshwater habitats Genetics - a science that deals with heredity, especially the mechanisms of hereditary transmission and the variation of inherited characteristicsamong similar or related organisms Geobiology - a science that combines geology and biology to study the interactions of organisms with their environment Immunobiology - a study of the structure and function of the immune system, innate and acquired immunity, the bodily distinction of self from nonself, and laboratory techniques involving the interaction of antigens with specific antibodies Marine Biology - study of ocean plants and animals and their ecological relationships Medicine - the science which relates to the prevention, cure, or alleviation of disease Microbiology - the branch of biology that deals with microorganisms and their effects on other living organisms Molecular Biology - the branch of biology that deals with the formation, structure, and function of macromolecules essential to life, such as nucleic acids and proteins, and especially with their role in cell replication and the transmission of genetic information Mycology - the study of fungi Neurobiology - the branch of biology that deals with the anatomy and physiology and pathology of the nervous system Paleobiology - the study of the forms of life existing in prehistoric or geologic times, as represented by the fossils of plants, animals, and otherorganisms Parasitology - the study of parasites and parasitism Pathology - the study of the nature of disease and its causes, processes, development, and consequences Pharmacology - the study of preparation and use of drugs and synthetic medicines Physiology - the biological study of the functions of living organisms and their parts Protistology - the study of protists Psychobiology - the study of mental functioning and behavior in relation to other biological processes Toxicology - the study of how natural or man-made poisons cause undesirable effects in living organisms Virology - study of viruses Zoology - The branch of biology that deals with animals and animal life, including the study of the structure, physiology, development, andclassification of animals Ethology - the study of animal behavior Entomology - the scientific study of insects Ichthyology - the study of fishes Herpetology - the study of reptiles and amphibians Ornithology - the study of birds Mammalogy - the study of mammals Primatology - the science that deals with primates

Branches of Biology Biology, the study of life, has many aspects to it and many specializations within this broad field. Below is an alphabetical list of many of the branches of biology. Agriculture - study of producing crops from the land, with an emphasis on practical applications Anatomy - the study of the animal form, with an emphasis on human bodies Biochemistry - the study of the chemical reactions required for life to exist and function, usually a focus on the cellular level Bioengineering - the study of biology through the means of engineering with an emphasis on applied knowledge and especially related to biotechnology. Bioinformatics - also classified as a branch of information technology (IT) it is the study, collection, and storage of genomic data Biomathematics or Mathematical Biology - the study of biological processes through mathematics, with an emphasis on modeling. Biomechanics - often considered a branch of medicine, the study of the mechanics of living beings, with an emphasis on applied use through artificial limbs, etc. Biophysics - the study of biological processes through physics, by applying the theories and methods traditionally used in the physical sciences Biotechnology - a new and sometimes controversial branch of biology that studies the manipulation of living matter, including genetic modification Botany - the study of plants Cell Biology - the study of the cell as a complete unit, and the molecular and chemical interactions that occur within a living cell. Conservation Biology - the study of the preservation, protection, or restoration of the natural environment, natural ecosystems, vegetation, and wildlife Cryobiology - the study of the effects of lower than normally preferred temperatures on living beings. Developmental Biology - the study of the processes through which an organism develops, from zygote to full structure. Ecology - the study of the ecosystem as a complete unit, with an emphasis on how species and groups of species interact with other living beings and non-living elements. Entomology - the study of insects Environmental Biology - the study of the natural world, as a whole or in a particular area, especially as affected by human activity Epidemiology - a major component of public health research, it is the study of factors affecting the health and illness of populations Ethology - the study of animal behavior. Evolution or Evolutionary Biology - the study of the origin and decent of species over time Genetics - the study of genes and heredity. Herpetology - the study of reptiles (and amphibians?) Histology - The study of cells and tissue, a microscopic branch of anatomy. Ichthyology - the study of fish Macrobiology - the study of biology on the level of the macroscopic individual (plant, animal, or other living being) as a complete unit. Mammology - the study of mammals Marine Biology - the study of ocean ecosystems, plants, animals, and other living beings. Medicine - the study of the human body in health and disease, with allopathic medicine focusing on alleviating or curing the body from states of disease Microbiology - the study of microscopic organisms (microorganisms) and their interactions with other living things Molecular Biology - the study of biology and biological functions at the molecular level, some cross over with biochemistry Mycology - the study of fungi Neurobiology - the study of the nervous system, including anatomy, physiology, even pathology Oceanography - the study of the ocean, including ocean life, environment, geography, weather, and other aspects influencing the ocean. See Marine Biology Ornithology - the study of birds Paleontology - the study of fossils and sometimes geographic evidence of prehistoric life Pathobiology or pathology - the study of diseases, and the causes, processes, nature, and development of disease Parisitology - the study of parasites and parasitism Pharmacology - the study and practical application of preparation, use, and effects of drugs and synthetic medicines. Physiology - the study of the functioning of living organisms and the organs and parts of living organisms Phytopathology - the study of plant diseases Pre-medicine - a college major that covers the general aspects of biology as well as specific classes relevant to the study of medicine Virology - the study of viruses and some other virus-like agents, usually considered part of microbiology or pathology Zoology - the study of animals and animal life, including classification, physiology, development, and behavior (See also Entomology, Ethology, Herpetology, Ichthyology, Mammology, Ornithology

Agriculture - study of producing crops from the land, with an emphasis on practical applications Anatomy - the study of the animal form, with an emphasis on human bodies Biochemistry - the study of the chemical reactions required for life to exist and function, usually a focus on the cellular level Bioengineering - the study of biology through the means of engineering with an emphasis on applied knowledge and especially related to biotechnology. Bioinformatics - also classified as a branch of information technology (IT) it is the study, collection, and storage of genomic data Biomathematics or Mathematical Biology - the study of biological processes through mathematics, with an emphasis on modeling. Biomechanics - often considered a branch of medicine, the study of the mechanics of living beings, with an emphasis on applied use through artificial limbs, etc. Biophysics - the study of biological processes through physics, by applying the theories and methods traditionally used in the physical sciences Biotechnology - a new and sometimes controversial branch of biology that studies the manipulation of living matter, including genetic modification Botany - the study of plants Cell Biology - the study of the cell as a complete unit, and the molecular and chemical interactions that occur within a living cell. Conservation Biology - the study of the preservation, protection, or restoration of the natural environment, natural ecosystems, vegetation, and wildlife Cryobiology - the study of the effects of lower than normally preferred temperatures on living beings. Cryptozoology - the study of mythical creatures. Developmental Biology - the study of the processes through which an organism develops, from zygote to full structure. Ecology - the study of the ecosystem as a complete unit, with an emphasis on how species and groups of species interact with other living beings and non-living elements. Entomology - the study of insects Environmental Biology - the study of the natural world, as a whole or in a particular area, especially as affected by human activity Epidemiology - a major component of public health research, it is the study of factors affecting the health and illness of populations Ethology - the study of animal behavior. Evolution or Evolutionary Biology - the study of the origin and decent of species over time Genetics - the study of genes and heredity. Herpetology - the study of reptiles (and amphibians?) Histology - The study of cells and tissue, a microscopic branch of anatomy. Ichthyology - the study of fish Macrobiology - the study of biology on the level of the macroscopic individual (plant, animal, or other living being) as a complete unit. Mammology - the study of mammals Marine Biology - the study of ocean ecosystems, plants, animals, and other living beings. Medicine - the study of the human body in health and disease, with allopathic medicine focusing on alleviating or curing the body from states of disease Microbiology - the study of microscopic organisms (microorganisms) and their interactions with other living things Molecular Biology - the study of biology and biological functions at the molecular level, some cross over with biochemistry Mycology - the study of fungi Neurobiology - the study of the nervous system, including anatomy, physiology, even pathology Oceanography - the study of the ocean, including ocean life, environment, geography, weather, and other aspects influencing the ocean. See Marine Biology Ornithology - the study of birds Paleontology - the study of fossils and sometimes geographic evidence of prehistoric life Psychiatry - the study of diseases of the mind Parapsychology - the study of paranormal phenomena Pathobiology or pathology - the study of diseases, and the causes, processes, nature, and development of disease Parisitology - the study of parasites and parasitism Pharmacology - the study and practical application of preparation, use, and effects of drugs and synthetic medicines. Physiology - the study of the functioning of living organisms and the organs and parts of living organisms Phytopathology - the study of plant diseases Pre-medicine - a college major that covers the general aspects of biology as well as specific classes relevant to the study of medicine Virology - the study of viruses and some other virus-like agents, usually considered part of microbiology or pathology Xenobiology - the study of extra-terrestrial life Zoology - the study of animals and animal life, including classification, physiology, development, and behavior (See also Entomology, Ethology, Herpetology, Ichthyology, Mammology, Ornithology

Fields dealing with animals:

Comparative anatomy The scientific study of similarities and differences in the bodily structures of distinct types of animals. Entomology The study of insects. Ethology The study of animal behavior. Herpetology The study of reptiles and amphibians. Ichthyology The study of fish. Mammalogy The study of mammals. Ornithology The study of birds. Primatology The study of primates. Veterinary science Animal medicine. Zoology The study of animals. Branches of biology relevant to the study of evolution: Biogeography The study of the geographic distributions of living organisms. Developmental biology The study of the processes by which an organism changes from a single cell into a mature, multicellular individual. Evolutionary biology The branch of biology concerned with the modes of origin of new forms of life. Ichnology The scientific study of the fossilized traces of past animal activity, such as footprints, burrows, trails, and borings. Morphology The branch of biology concerned with the form and structure of living organisms. Paleontology The study of prehistoric life by means of fossils. Environmental disciplines: Astrobiology The branch of biology concerned with the effects of outer space on living organisms and with the search for extraterrestrial life. Bioclimatology The study of the influence of climate on living organisms. Chronobiology The study of time-dependent phenomena in living organisms. Conservation biology The branches of biology concerned with habitat preservation, the prevention of extinction, and conservation of biodiversity. Cryobiology The study of the effects of low temperatures on living organisms. Ecology The study of the interaction of organisms with each other and with their environment. Geobiology A science that combines geology and biology to study the interactions of organisms with their environment. Limnology The study of the physical and biological conditions of freshwater, particularly of lakes and ponds. Chemistry-based branches of biology: Biochemistry The study of life at the chemical level, in particular the chemistry of proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. Bioengineering A hybrid field of scientific research that uses the principles of biology and the techniques of engineering to produce useful products. Molecular biology The branch of biology that studies the formation, structure, and function of macromolecules found in living organisms, particularly nucleic acids and proteins. Branches of biology dealing with microorganisms and microscopic structure:

Cytology The study of living cells, in particular, their physiological properties, structures, organelles, and method of division. Histology The study of the microscopic structure of cellular tissue. Microbiology The branch of biology that studies microorganisms and their effects on other organisms. Protistology The study of protists. Medical branches of biology: Anatomy The study of the macroscopic structure of multicellular organisms. Embryology The study of embryos. Endocrinology The study of the endocrine glands. Epidemiology The study of the incidence of disease within populations, and of optimal measures for its control. Esthesiology The scientific study of sensation. Genetics The study of heredity, especially the mechanisms of hereditary transmission and variation of inherited characteristics. Immunology The study of the structure and function of the immune system, innate and acquired immunity, the bodily distinction of self from nonself, and laboratory techniques involving the interaction of antigens with specific antibodies. Koniology The study of dust in relation to its effects on health. Mastology The scientific study of the breasts. Medicine The art and study of the prevention, cure, and alleviation of disease, and the care of the injured. Neurology The branch of biology that studies the nervous system and its diseases. Parasitology The study of parasites. Pathology The study of the nature of disease and its causes, processes, development, and consequences. Physiology The study of the physical function of living organisms. Psychology The study of human behavior. Splanchnology The study of the internal organs. Surgery The branch of medicine dealing with operative procedures. Toxicology The study of toxins. Urology The study and treatment of disorders of the urogenital organs. Virology The study of viruses. Miscellaneous branches of biology: Agriculture The science of crop and livestock production. Bioinformatics The use of computers to manage and analyze biological data. Biomathematics An interdisciplinary field of study that attempts to model biological processes using mathematical techniques. Biophysics An interdisciplinary science that applies the theories and methods of physics to biological questions. Botany The study of plants. Marine biology The study of marine organisms. Mycology The study of fungi.